home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!ogicse!das-news.harvard.edu!cantaloupe.srv.cs.cmu.edu!crabapple.srv.cs.cmu.edu!roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov
- From: roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov (John Roberts)
- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Subject: Re: Putting telescopes on the moon
- Message-ID: <Bxs37M.M81.1@cs.cmu.edu>
- Date: 15 Nov 92 22:15:40 GMT
- Article-I.D.: cs.Bxs37M.M81.1
- Sender: news+@cs.cmu.edu
- Distribution: sci
- Organization: National Institute of Standards and Technology formerly National Bureau of Standards
- Lines: 52
- Approved: bboard-news_gateway
- X-Added: Forwarded by Space Digest
- Original-Sender: isu@VACATION.VENARI.CS.CMU.EDU
-
-
- -From: arnold@clipper.ingr.com (Roger Arnold)
- -Subject: Re: Putting air on the moon
- -Date: 13 Nov 92 17:16:46 GMT
- -Organization: Intergraph Advanced Processor Division - Palo Alto, CA
-
- -In article <BxF0E2.7Ks.1@cs.cmu.edu> roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov (John Roberts) writes:
- ->If that's correct, then a 1000 km array on the moon could potentially give
- ->a resolution at 10 light years of about 50 km. (Imagine mapping the continents
- ->on the planets of nearby star systems!) [..]
-
- -Sorry, won't work. Not unless the individual telescopes in your array
- -are pretty spectacular instruments in their own right.
-
- -You need around 10 meters of unobscured aperture, with a mirror
- -perfectly figured and smooth to .01 lamda, to keep the light from the
- -planet from being lost in the statistical noise of light diffracted
- -from the primary. And even that's only adequate for the dozen or so
- -nearest stars.
-
- Well, one good sign: the precision of the HST optical system (primary plus
- secondary) is on that order. (Note that I didn't say *accuracy*. :-)
- Of course the HST primary isn't that big.
-
- -The problem is that, for a terrestrial planet at optical wavelengths,
- -the light any telescope receives from the planet will be ten orders
- -of magnitude below (one ten-billionth) the light from the primary. If
- -planet and primary were of equal brightness, a one meter space tele-
- -scope could resolve them. But as it is, it would take nearly perfect
- -diffraction-limited optics of ten times that aperture to concentrate
- -the planet's light enough to detect it above the far-field light haze
- -from the primary.
-
- -But, you ask, so what? Won't mixing the signals from the combined
- -telescopes in the array isolate the light from the planet? Well, yes
- -and no. You can boost the signal-to-noise ratio by an amount that's
- -proportional to the number of telescopes in the array. That might
- -allow you to detect the presence of the planet, where you couldn't
- -otherwise. But unless you start with a pretty clean signal in the
- -first place, there will be far too much noise to allow anything like
- -imaging of continents.
-
- Would speckle interferometry, or integration of the incoming signals over
- very long periods of time (hours to weeks) help with reception? (Other than
- the fact that planets move over such time intervals.)
-
- I think you've made your point that the resolution formula can't be extended
- out to infinity. I'd be interested in how far it *can* be extended with, say,
- 100 high-precision 10-meter optical telescopes.
-
- John Roberts
- roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov
-