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- From: andrew@rentec.com (Andrew Mullhaupt)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Rocket Science on the Street
- Keywords: Wall Street Greed Mathematics Risk Employment Fear Career
- Message-ID: <1338@kepler1.rentec.com>
- Date: 17 Nov 92 16:25:06 GMT
- Organization: Renaissance Technologies Corp., Setuket, NY
- Lines: 78
-
-
- I`ve got a lot of people asking me the following questions so
- I thought I'd post the answers as I see them.
-
- There was some talk on here a while ago about "rocket scientists" --
- specialists in mathematical finance who make, I am told, a million
- dollars a year working for investment banks and securities trading
- firms. If you have time for some questions...
-
- 1) Is there any truth to this?
-
- Yes, but that $1M is more like $100K. To make $1M, which is possible,
- you have to be exceptionally good, and you will not be doing math at
- that point any more, but running an important business group. Very few
- analysts make this kind ($1M) of money - mostly these guys are _former_
- analysts.
-
- Note: The large salaries on Wall Street are not fixed numbers. The more
- you make, the more of it is discretionary, or uncertain in some sense
- (it's bonus or commision, etc.) Very, very few people who make a million
- or so in a year make it as salary. This means that although you may make
- $100K in a year, this is likely to be composed of $70K salary+guaranteed
- stuff and $30K bonus. With the same compensation package, a very good
- year might get you up to $70K salary+guarantee + $80K bonus = $150K. In
- a poor year, you might get the $70K.
-
- Note: There can be a lot of risk working in this field. There is _no_
- job security whatsoever. I worked for one of the more recognizable firms
- on the street, and part of the offer letter they sent me made words to
- the effect that 'at any time, your employment may be terminated, with or
- without any reason whatsoever.' If you come to the street, keep the resume
- sharp, and if you aren't strong in some way, don't bother coming.
-
- 2) Is mathematical finance a bona fide field?
-
- Yes and no. It's just like any other applied math. There is this field
- (finance) and lots of heavy duty math can be brought to bear. Nobody
- gets paid to prove theorems per se, but on the other hand its hard
- to do the job without having that kind of ability. One of the problems
- is that there are a lot of different fields at work here, and you may
- be interviewed by someone who thinks mathematical finance is derivative
- pricing (options) and nothing more. On the other hand, there are quite
- a few other highly profitable problems than this (the most common) one.
-
- Job interviews tend to have a component like the oral Ph. D. exams but
- the difference is that in the orals they think they are trying to find
- out what _you_ know, but in these interviews they realize that they are
- trying to find out if you know what _they_ know.
-
- Oh by the way - anything that makes millions of dollars will not be soon
- appearing in the open literature unless somebody goofed.
-
- 3) What kinds of mathematics are used in mathematical finance?
-
- Whatever fits the problem. A great deal of Probability and Statistics is
- obviously useful, and almost everything in Signal Processing (including
- nouveau stuff like wavelets) is found somewhere on Wall Street. I think
- the majority of math guys do derivative pricing, which leans heavily
- on Stochastic Processes, Partial Differential Equations and Numerical
- Analysis. Then there's a large amount of Linear and Nonlinear Optimization.
-
- 4) Does a person need to know much outside of mathematics to do this
- kind of work successfully?
-
- Eventually, yes, but initially no. What you need to get going is some
- basic stuff like you find in Sharpe's _Investments_ and John Hull's book
- on Options and Derivative Pricing. You need to be a very strong programmer
- and you have to be willing to take a lot of personal risk and work in
- a very stressful environment.
-
- I should mention that a Ph. D. from a strong school in Mathematics, (Pure
- or Applied) or something much like it (Mathematical/Theoretical Physics,
- Electrical Engineering Science, etc.) is required to have a career. You
- should also have a postdoc and maybe some work as a Professor. This gets
- you to just a little past entry level on Wall Street.
-
- Later,
- Andrew Mullhaupt
-