home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.logic
- Path: sparky!uunet!charon.amdahl.com!pacbell.com!ames!saimiri.primate.wisc.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!darwin.sura.net!ra!frege!mclean
- From: mclean@itd.nrl.navy.mil (John McLean)
- Subject: Re: Self-Reference and Paradox (was Re: Human i
- Message-ID: <Bxvo26.Bx0@ra.nrl.navy.mil>
- Sender: usenet@ra.nrl.navy.mil
- Reply-To: mclean@itd.nrl.navy.mil
- Organization: Information Technology Division, Naval Research Laboratory
- References: <1992Nov14.151559.13227@oracorp.com>
- Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 20:39:42 GMT
- Lines: 45
-
- From daryl@oracorp.com (Daryl McCullough)
- >In comp.ai.philosophy, we were discussing the meaningfulness of
- >self-referential sentences, and I noticed that many people seem to
- >think that such sentences are inherently invalid, or meaningless, or
- >paradoxical.
- >In my opinion, the problem with such sentences are not with their
- >self-referential character, but with their use of an unrestricted
- >notion of truth (or falsity).
-
- Certainly the paradox is not due solely to self-reference. There is
- nothing paradoxical about the self referring sentence; "This sentence
- has five words". Your appeal to a restricted notion of truth is
- essentially Tarski's solution.
-
- From pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU (Vaughan R. Pratt)
- >All I know of Kripke's work is a talk I heard by a third party about a
- >semantic proposal by Kripke for a logic of Per Martin-Loef. As I
- >understood it Kripke had suggested interpreting "This sentence is
- >false" as having the truth value "undefined"
-
- It's been a long time since I read Kripke's paper on truth, but as
- I remember, his basic way of assigning a truth value is as follows:
-
- 1. Assign truth values to simple sentences (e. g. "Snow is white"
- is assigned true and "Snow is black" is assigned false).
- 2. Assign truth values that assert the truth or falsity of
- sentences assigned truth values in the previous step (e. g.,
- "`Snow is white' is true" is assigned true, "`Snow is white' is
- false" is assigned false, etc.).
- 3. Continue.
-
- This process produces a least fixed point. A sentence is true if it
- is assigned true in that fixed point, false if it is assigned false
- in that fixed point, and ungrounded otherwise. Note that all paradoxical
- sentences are ungrounded. However, some ungrounded sentences may not
- be paradoxical, e. g., "This sentence is true". A sentence is paradoxical
- only if it cannot be assigned a truth value at any fixed point.
-
- The difference between this solution and Tarski's is that whereas
- Tarski has a separate, but completely defined, notion of truth at each
- linguistic level of a language, Kripke has a single, but not completely
- defined, notion of truth for the entire language.
-
- John McLean
-
-