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- Xref: sparky sci.environment:12964 talk.environment:4733
- Newsgroups: sci.environment,talk.environment
- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!destroyer!ncar!vexcel!dean
- From: dean@vexcel.com (Dean Alaska)
- Subject: Affluence and Land Use (from I = PAT)
- Message-ID: <1992Nov23.182641.25465@vexcel.com>
- Organization: VEXCEL Corporation, Boulder CO
- Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 18:26:41 GMT
- Lines: 85
-
-
- >>Thirdly, why are you so certain that affluence is so tightly tied to
- >>land demands? I suspect that many of the most damaging uses are of small
- >>economic value, the burning of the Amazon being an obvious example.
-
- >I guess I'm more cynical about what is of "economic value". I
- >think our best guide is not what we would wish, but what is
- >actually happening. The indications don't support the idea that
- >the most damaging uses are of little economic value -- the
- >extraordinary lengths to which poor people will go to carve out
- >a chunk of rainforest, or to gather a bit of firewood or some
- >water miles away from home, suggest to me that these are vital,
- >not little, economic needs. Reduction of the A factor of I=PAT is
- >the most problematic of all. It is clearly way too large in the
- >most affluent parts of the world, but for very many humans A is
- >too small. What we need to do is to rethink the whole set of
- >concepts underlying A, and find what is really the right value or
- >range of values of A for a human. I realize that this statement
- >is absolute heresy. But I think that there *is* a "right range of
- >values" -- it's the one which is coevolutionarily supportable, by
- >which I mean that humans can live with it, and the biosphere can
- >live with it (without even slow degredation) for as long as there
- >are humans -- maybe millions of years, if we can do that.
-
- >*This* is the discussion I would really like to start, at some
- >point.
-
- Although I think that affluence need not be tied to land use, it
- generally is now. I think the connection between the two is
- consumption or physical throughput. Since I doubt that physical
- consumption can be delinked from extensive land use and extraction,
- it seems that there is a central question:
-
- Can affluence be redefined in a way so that people do not see
- less consumption as a lower standard of living?
-
- As Alan describes above, A is too low for many parts of the world and
- needs to be brought up in those areas for degradation to diminish and
- eventually stop. Does this require their A to roughly match that for
- the developed world? Can a stable world system be based on permanent
- disparaties? A related question is to what degree the high affluence
- in the developed world necessitates a lower one in the undeveloped
- countries. Some of these questions drift into areas outside of
- environmental discussion but the interconnectedness of these issues
- cannot be avoided (IMHO) in seeking solutions.
-
- Whether or not such equalization is required,
- there seems to be a requirement that A, as currently defined,
- must decrease in the developed world. While I am
- sure there are those who would argue this, for the moment I am
- addressing some issues of bringing this change about.
- I think that convincing people to "be poorer" is a recipe for failure.
- Sacrifice may make sense for temporary crises, such as during WWII,
- but we are talking about a more permanent shift in cunsumption
- patterns. My statement above about redefining affluence is not
- suggesting that semantics or trickery be used to convince people to
- accept a less consumptive lifestyle. It suggests that quality of
- life may now be overly based on consumption. To some degree, I can
- point to the advertising industry. What was once designed to
- convince the consumer to purchase what they need from producer B
- instead of producer A now expends much effort convincing the
- consumer to buy that which he doesn't need (or didn't think he
- needed :) or to replace something that still functions. I think that
- all societies, including those considered sustainable, have elements
- of fashion and status in their culture, but must these be tied
- to consumption?
-
- Alan has mentioned a number of times how human behavior did not get
- that way by chance but has evolved to what it is by some form of
- natural selection. To what degree have we evolved as consumers
- (since over-consumption and its effects were not an issue) or is
- it a more short-termed cultural artifact? It would seem that the
- cultural model offers more optimism for a significant change within
- a few generations but the _motivation_ for such a change requires
- a future focus, which we seem to have evolved without. While some
- might say that returning to a less consumptive lifestyle is more
- like returning to our roots, a less consumptive lifestyle _with the
- (at least short-term) possibility for high consumption_ does not
- compare with our past. The future focus that much environmentalism
- calls for has no precedent in past human history that I am aware of.
-
- Then again - precedents were made to be broken.
- --
-
- dingo in boulder (dean@vexcel.com)
-