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- Path: sparky!uunet!ogicse!amb4.ccalmr.ogi.edu!jhurst
- From: jhurst@amb4.ccalmr.ogi.edu (James Hurst)
- Newsgroups: sci.environment
- Subject: Re: Topsoil as a commodity
- Summary: Moving dirt is a well understood enterprise.
- Message-ID: <46164@ogicse.ogi.edu>
- Date: 20 Nov 92 03:16:38 GMT
- Article-I.D.: ogicse.46164
- References: <JMC.92Nov16000246@SAIL.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: news@ogicse.ogi.edu
- Organization: Sandy and Clay Clods
- Lines: 89
-
- In article <JMC.92Nov16000246@SAIL.Stanford.EDU> jmc@cs.Stanford.EDU writes:
- >Some time ago, in the newsgroup sci.environment, I suggested that
- >farmers would be more motivated to take good care of their topsoil
- >if it were a commodity. Thus a farmer with deep topsoil could sell
- >some to a farmer with inadequate topsoil.
-
- In principal, I agree John. In practice, topsoil is a fairly low valued
- commodity. Until the 50s, no good methods were available to estimate how
- much topsoil was being lost. At that point, USDA Ag Res. Service developed
- the Universal Soil Loss Equation, a factor based empirical equation with
- factors for slope length, soil erosion, climate, crop rotations, and
- conservation practices. Used extensively by the extension service since
- then, it and its children have given farmers a set of quantitative tools
- to understand exactly how much soil is being lost.
-
- IHOM, farmers nowadays are more likely to avoid soil loss to protect their
- farm subsidies than to avoid soil loss. But there are plenty of farmers
- who take soil loss very seriously and work to avoid it.
-
- >The feasibility of this idea depends on the cost of moving topsoil.
-
- Absolutely. It happens I have a friend who is a principal in a firm that
- sells, of all things, dirt. We spent a long afternoon once discussing how
- a company could actually make money selling something so cheap. The upshot
- is that transport costs totally dominate large orders, while packaging also
- becomes important in small units.
-
- >When I posted the idea some said it was ridiculous,
-
- To the contrary, it is an established part of our infrastructure. Not
- much dirt is moved, because there is a glut of farmland, and it's cheaper
- to buy the farm than to scrape it up and move it elsewhere.
-
- >Relevant facts:
-
- >Amount of topsoil: 1,000,000 pounds per acre - Encyclopedia Britannica
- >article on soil.
-
- >Cost of moving dirt: $1.00 to $1.50 per cubic yard - Caterpillar Performance
- >Handbook. This includes the digging, loading and unloading but refers
- >to short distances.
-
- Ahhh, Caterpillar. The company that exists because America needs to move
- dirt.
-
- >Weight of dirt: 2500 lbs per cubic yard.
-
- >Our million pounds is 400 cubic yards, 500 when swelling is taken into
- >account. Therefore, it costs $750 per acre to move it short distances.
-
- [analysis deleted]
-
- >This tells us that the limit of profitability is about 20 miles.
-
- Interesting. Thank you, John, for a nice analysis.
-
- >I suppose there is a fair amount of eroded upland within 20 miles
- >of river valleys with deep topsoil.
-
- I was recently tooling around the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington.
- There were large pockets of loess soil, which is wind deposited fine
- topsoil, in some areas. In the roadcuts, you could see the loess went
- down 30 feet or more. Wherever there were loess soils, the land was in
- wheat or grains. The other major soiltype was a thin and poorly developed
- clay (?) over basalt, used only for rangeland. After thinking about it, you
- could tell the soil type from several miles away by the human use of it.
-
- Those loess soils could cover a LOT of that basalt, if spread out thinner.
- But wheat is already a surplus crop, so there is no economic incentive to
- create new grain lands.
-
- >Still the differential in price of land
- >with good and bad topsoil will have to get somewhat larger, before it
- >will be profitable to dig up the Mississipi delta, which largely consists
- >of topsoil washed down the river and barge it back up the river.
-
- True. There is actually a glut of good farmland on the world market now,
- and many rural parts of the US midwest are slowly depopulating as a result.
- (There are lots of other factors, cultural, energy prices, and so on of course.)
- But the Ukraine and Soviet Georgia becoming available for western style
- agribusiness well send shock waves through grain markets for several years.
-
- It seems unlikely that moving topsoil on a massive scale will be economic
- in the near future, but it's done on a small scale routinely, and will
- continue.
-
- Cheers,
-
- Jim
-