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- From: dpe@inel.gov (Don Palmrose)
- Subject: Re: Request: info on desalination and solar energy
- Message-ID: <1992Nov18.024339.8885@inel.gov>
- Sender: news@inel.gov
- Organization: INEL EG&G Idaho
- References: <0X5SB3MH@cc.swarthmore.edu> <BxoxI6.Jqv@news.cso.uiuc.edu> <1992Nov17.183658.29104@impmh.uucp>
- Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 02:43:39 GMT
- Lines: 72
-
- In article <1992Nov17.183658.29104@impmh.uucp>, dsg@impmh.uucp (Dave Gordon) writes:
- >
-
- > Yep, it *is* feasible; remember that you can convert sunlight to heat
- > (which is all you want for desalination by distillation) with near 100%
- > efficiency. Solar radiation is about 1kW/m^2 maximum, say 1/2 that
- > on average during the day (we're talking about *hot* countries here),
- > so it doesn't take an enormous area to collect significant amounts of
- > energy. And you can just use more seawater as the heat sink on the
- > condenser side of the still.
- >
- > Israel already has solar desalination plants, but then I don't think
- > oil is "dirt-cheap" there. Maybe the oil-producing countries don't
- > use solar, but then maybe they should (if the Israelis would sell them
- > the technology ;-).
- > --
- >
- > ===============================================================================
- > Dave | dsg@imp.co.uk | +44 753 516599 | "C^i tio ne estas .subskribo"
- > ===============================================================================
- >
- >
-
- The kind of dsalination plants I am familiar with are evaporative where you
- lower the pressure in a fairly large chamber, spray heated seawater at about
- 180 degrees F, and let the water flash to steam. This is repeated in stages
- for maximum efficiency of extracting the fresh water from the brine but also
- to efficienctly use of the heat source. Namely, the incoming sea water is
- initially heated by condensing the fresh water that flashed to steam in the
- evaporator chamber. The residue from the first chamber is sucked into the
- next because it is kept at a lower pressure than the first, so more fresh
- water flashes in the second stage. The resulting high density brine is pumped
- back into the ocean after going through acouple of more heat exchangers to
- give up their heat to more incoming sea water.
-
- It is plain to me that solar collectors would make *excellent* heat sources
- for heating the sea water to the proper temperature. But the system still
- needs pumps to move the sea water/brine/fresh water around. Also, air
- ejectors are needed to lower the evaporative chambers pressure to below
- atmospheric. Where is the power for the pumps coming from? Do the Israelis
- have a system that is totally independent of an outside electrical source?
- Are the solar energy collectors also generating electricity for the
- desalination plant's auxiliaries loads?
-
- The reason I ask is that I see a great potential for such a solar based
- desalination plant to be very effective in water poor areas like the Carribean
- Islands and several South Pacific Islands. The big handicap for these people
- is electricity is still needed to power the pumps. Since they are also
- electricity poor, having a solar heated desalination plant does not do them
- much good if they still have to build an oil-fired electrical power plant to
- provide the electricity to the pumps.
-
- Thanks.
-
- Don Palmrose
-
-
-
-
-
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