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- Xref: sparky sci.energy:5483 sci.environment:12783
- Newsgroups: sci.energy,sci.environment
- Path: sparky!uunet!charon.amdahl.com!pacbell.com!decwrl!sdd.hp.com!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!swrinde!emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary
- From: gary@ke4zv.uucp (Gary Coffman)
- Subject: Re: opening of the first self-sufficient solar house, Press Release
- Message-ID: <1992Nov16.171017.28081@ke4zv.uucp>
- Reply-To: gary@ke4zv.UUCP (Gary Coffman)
- Organization: Gannett Technologies Group
- References: <1992Nov12.053900.1471@ke4zv.uucp> <1992Nov12.190010.5512@meteor.wisc.edu> <1992Nov13.081343.3495@quando.quantum.de> <1992Nov13.203038.28857@michael.apple.com>
- Date: Mon, 16 Nov 1992 17:10:17 GMT
- Lines: 58
-
- In article <1992Nov13.203038.28857@michael.apple.com> ems@michael.apple.com (E. Michael Smith) writes:
- >>]When needed in
- >>]winter, the fuel cell (alkaline fuel cell, 0.5 kW) can generate
- >>]electricity directly (reverse process to electrolysis). The
- >
- >OK, a 500 W generator. Is this the reason for the batteries and
- >inverter? So that peaks above 500 W can be met with a constant
- >supply source of 500 W ? I would guess that this is the most
- >reasonable approach... You may need 2 kW to start up a motor or
- >run a major appliance for a few minutes, but don't want to spend
- >the bucks for a 2-3 kW fuel cell... Is that it?
-
- It's *serious* bucks, about $50,000, for a fuel cell of that size
- today, and the risk of early failure through poisoning is high.
- Remember Apollo 13, the failure modes for these things includes
- BOOM! Also don't forget the electrolyzer, tankage, and pumps.
-
- >>]The hydrogen tank next to the house has a volume
- >>]of 15 m3, the oxygen tank holds 7.5 m3. The tank pressure is 30
- >>]bar.
- >
- >15 m3 for 1500 kWh is 100 kWh/m3. Not Bad! Hmmm ... to speculate
- >a little ...
- >
- >IF an electric car needed 20 kWh/day for a typical driving regimin,
- >and if you needed to store that energy for a similar seasonal swing,
- >and if the cost of the equipment could be made 'reasonable', one could
- >envision an added tank of about 30 m3 for 'automotive' use. Now that
- >is a tank of about 3.3 m on a side ... (I know, you don't make square
- >presure tanks ... but the 'on a side' is just to give a visual sense
- >of things... call it 10 ft on a side...) Physical size is reasonable.
-
- Reasonable? For a car? That's a greater volume than most cars have *total*.
- That's the number one problem for fuel cells after cost, tankage size.
-
- >Removing the assumption that cost could be made reasonable:
- >So what does it cost for a tank of 30 m3 that takes 30 bar?
- >(about 30 atmospheres or about 440 psi).
- >
- >My suspicion is that the cost of such a tank is very expensive and
- >that it demonstrates the reason why seasonal solar storage is a bitch.
- >Working iron to make tanks isn't going to come down in price any time
- >soon...
-
- I'd guess mass production cost would be well under $1,000 each. This
- isn't high technology. But if made from steel, it would weigh about
- 500 kg. That's not conducive to good mileage.
-
- >Extra credit question: Do the economics of the tankage change much
- >if you go to a metal hydride system instead? And what about those
- >pumping losses for all that presurized H2? ...
-
- Yeah, costs go up, but tankage size and mass go down for hydride
- storage. That doesn't help on the oxygen side though. Pumping energy
- is a consideration on the generation side, from the electrolyzer
- to the tank.
-
- Gary
-