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- From: dblackbu@alleg.edu (Dave Blackburn)
- Newsgroups: sci.chem
- Subject: Re: ORBITAL OVERLAP QUESTION
- Message-ID: <1992Nov17.224041.1142@pellns.alleg.edu>
- Date: 17 Nov 92 22:40:41 GMT
- References: <1992Nov13.072209.4228@darwin.ntu.edu.au>
- Sender: news@pellns.alleg.edu
- Organization: Allegheny College
- Lines: 54
-
- In article <1992Nov13.072209.4228@darwin.ntu.edu.au> b_duke@darwin.ntu.edu.au
- (Brian Duke) writes:
- |In article <1992Nov08.194440.38866@ux1.cts.eiu.edu>, cfthb@ux1.cts.eiu.edu
- (Howard Black) writes:
- |> In article <17235@mindlink.bc.ca> Gordon_Wong@mindlink.bc.ca (Gordon Wong)
- writes:
- |>>I need some confirmation regarding the orbital overlap diagram of the
- |>>doubly double-bonded CO2 molecule. The carbon would hybridize to form 2 sp
- |>>orbitals and 2 unhybridized p orbitals. Would one sp orbital from the C
- |>>atom overlap a p orbital from one O atom to form a sigma bond and the other
- p
- |>>orbital from the C atom form a pi bond with the other p orbital from the O
- |>>atom, resulting in the double bond?
- |>>
- |>>I just want to know if this is correct or am I completely off base?
- |>
- |> The latter. The oxygens are sp2, thus, the sigma bond results from
- |> overlap of C(sp)-O(sp2), and the pi bond from C(p)-O(p). The other two
- |> O(sp2) hybrids contain the unshared electron pairs.
- |> --
- |Gordon is not completely off-base, if I follow him correctly. Since
- |there are no other atoms attached to the O, we can not argue for
- |hybridisation from the steric arrangement around the O. From this point
- |of view sigma C(sp)-O(pz) [let z be axis of molecule.] is just as reasonable
- |as sigma C(sp)-O(sp2). The pi bonds of course are C(px)-O(px) on one side,
- |and C(py)-O(py) on the other side. The question can be partly answered
- |by looking at high level quantum chemical calculations. The anwer is that
- |the s orbitals on O are involved in the sigma bond, but not to the full
- |extent of sp2, but more of course than the zero involvement of just p.
- |
- |The answer lies between Gordon and Howard, but in my view closer to
- |Gordon since there is no reason to invoke hybridisation on the O.
- |
- |I hope this helps to clarify this problem.
- |--
- | Brian Salter-Duke (Brian Duke)
- |School of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Northern Territory University
- | GPO Box 40146, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia.
- |Phone 089-466702 FAX 089-410460 E-mail B_DUKE@DARWIN.NTU.EDU.AU
-
- um, hold on. The CO2 molecule has D-infinity-h symmetry, but the above
- descriptions do not. The O must be "sp hybrid", with both px and py orbitals
- involved in the pi MO's. Thus the LCAO/MO treatment says the pi system has all
- 3 atoms involved, generating bonding, non-bonding, and anti-bonding MO's of
- which the first two are filled. There are two sets, one derived from the px
- and one from py. (Now, if you'll excuse me, I have a student doing the
- resonance Lewis Dot structures of the isoelectronic NCO- ion.)
-
- --
-
- * Dave Blackburn dblackbu@alleg.edu flames to self@home.dev.null *
- * Chemistry, Macs, Hypercard, cats, <>< religion, & the Dead *
- * (Anyone else who held these opinions would be as crazy as I am.) *
- * "Sometimes the songs that we hear are just songs of our own" *
-