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- From: hoyerr@ucs.orst.edu (Richard Hoyer)
- Newsgroups: rec.birds
- Subject: Re: Hummingbird health question
- Message-ID: <1erd08INNafb@gaia.ucs.orst.edu>
- Date: 23 Nov 92 19:55:52 GMT
- Article-I.D.: gaia.1erd08INNafb
- References: <41238@sdcc12.ucsd.edu>
- Organization: University Computing Services - OSU
- Lines: 75
- NNTP-Posting-Host: ucs.orst.edu
-
- In article <41238@sdcc12.ucsd.edu> afong@sdcc13.ucsd.edu (Krell Kraver) writes:
- >Is it true that hummingbird feeders should be removed in the early
- >fall so that the little guys will migrate (since there's no
- >food).???
- >
- >Thanks for the help.
-
-
-
- It depends entirely on your interest and you location whether
- you should keep a hummingbird feeder in the winter. Pulling a
- feeder down in order to make hummingbirds migrate is like
- pulling the shades down in order to make the sun set. Migration
- is not intstinctive in all hummingbirds, but for those species
- which do migrate, it is an incredibly strong instinct. And there
- is nothing a person can do to prevent a Rufous Hummingbird, for
- example, from migrating--short of holding one captive.
-
- It is pretty clear that migration is genetically controlled, with
- probably some learned influence for some species. In hummingbird
- species that migrate, it is probably enitirely genetic. Imagine
- what would happen to those that failed to inherit the correct
- genes for migration--they would starve in the winter. On top of
- that, migration for hummingbirds (again, only those that live in
- cold-winter areas) must be very strictly controlled. This is
- because hummingbirds have very high metabolic rates and need a
- relatively constant supply of high-energy food; and that is not
- always easy to find. So, during the evolution of migration in
- hummingbirds, the proper genes have been selected. The genes
- dictate, for example that the hummingbirds "feed up" just before
- migrating, so that they build-up just the right amount of body
- fat. They cannot be too heavy, or they will exhaust themselves
- and will not make it to their destination (where there is more
- food). And if they do not build up enough fat, they will deplete
- their energy supplies before reaching their destination. In addtion
- dictating how much migrating hummingbirds feed, genes also must
- control when this is done. Obviously, hummingbirds must be able to
- build up this fat deposit while there is still food around. And
- one will notice that hummingbird migration is timed when there
- still is an abundance of wild food for them. Over thousands and
- thousands of years, hummingbirds that have varied from this strict
- schedule have simply died.
-
-
- But there are hummingbird species that do not migrate. These are
- species that live in areas where there is food year round. In
- this case, leaving up a hummingbird feeder in the winter is just
- like putting up a seed feeder for the other birds. In the San Diego
- area, there are two species of non-migratory hummers: Anna's
- Hummingbird and Allen's Hummingbird. The Allen's is sedentary, and
- the Anna's has unusual wandering patterns. The Anna's used to be
- native to central and southern California, where wild currants
- bloomed in the winter. After breeding, Anna's Hummingbirds move
- around to set up new territories; some tend to move from hills
- into valleys, and some just tend to go further. In the past, those
- that wandered too far, out of the range of any source of winter
- food died. But in the past century, people have kept hummingbird
- feeders up in the winter, and as a result, the Anna's Hummingbirds
- have instead survived. In subsequent years, they have also spread
- farther, and now are permanent residents up the West Coast to
- British Columbia.
-
- One other reason to keep a hummingbird feeder up in the winter
- is to attract those stray hummingbirds that did not follow their
- migration insticts. These hummers would have normally died, if
- their error caused them to migrate east instead of south. But
- if somebody in the East (Missouri for example) were to keep a
- feeder up in the winter, they might actually attract one of
- these lost birds. Rufous Hummingbirds and Black-chinned Hummers
- have been known to do this. Keeping a feeder up for this reason
- is only for the person interested in the exitement of finding
- a rarity.
-
- -Rich Hoyer
-
-