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- Newsgroups: comp.compilers
- Path: sparky!uunet!think.com!spdcc!iecc!compilers-sender
- From: Richard Cownie <richard@meiko.com>
- Subject: optimizing for caches
- Reply-To: Richard Cownie <richard@meiko.com>
- Organization: Compilers Central
- Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 23:30:08 GMT
- Approved: compilers@iecc.cambridge.ma.us
- Message-ID: <92-11-098@comp.compilers>
- Keywords: optimize, architecture,
- Sender: compilers-sender@iecc.cambridge.ma.us
- Lines: 36
-
- From experiences tuning vector routines for i860's and SPARC's, I've come
- to the conclusion that understanding and exploiting the memory hierarchy
- is essential to obtain good performance on these kinds of problems. But I
- have yet to see a compiler which tackles this aspect of optimization.
- Does anyone have references to research in this area ? If so, please mail
- me and I'll summarize.
-
- With the way hardware is developing, this will be a big issue very soon.
- Here are some approximate figures to illustrate the trend:
-
- Year Machine MIPS rate Cache miss (DRAM access)
-
- 1988 Sun-4/110 7 200ns ?
- 1991 SS-2 Cypress 25 120-150ns ?
- 1993 SS-10 Viking 50 100-120ns ?
- 1994 ? 150 80-100ns ?
-
- So the relative cost of a cache miss has already risen from about 1.4
- instructions to > 5 instructions, and the Viking clock speed is still only
- 40MHz; the technology exists now to build processors running at 150MHz
- (e.g. Alpha), which will take the cost of a cache miss over 20
- instructions.
-
- It seems really important to get this right - if you get your instruction
- scheduling wrong, you might still see 25% of optimum performance, but if
- you don't exploit the memory hierarchy, you might see only 5% of optimum
- performance ...
-
- Thanks in advance for all responses,
- Richard Cownie (a.k.a. Tich), Meiko Scientific Corp
- email: richard@meiko.com
- phone: 617-890-7676
- fax: 617-890-5042
- --
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