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- Subject: Gopher (comp.infosystem.gopher) Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- Summary: Common Questions and Answers about the Internet Gopher, a
- client/server protocol for making a world wide information
- service, with many implementations.
- Message-ID: <goher-faq_08-04-92@mudhoney.micro.umn.edu>
- Date: 5 Aug 92 02:47:28 GMT
- Sender: news@news2.cis.umn.edu (Usenet News Administration)
- Reply-To: gopher@boombox.micro.umn.edu (UofMN Gopher Team)
- Followup-To: comp.infosystems.gopher
- Organization: University of Minnesota
- Lines: 241
- Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
- Supercedes: <gopher-faq_08-0408-92@mudhoney.micro.umn.edu>,<1992May29.161107.27400@news2.cis.umn.edu>
- Nntp-Posting-Host: mudhoney.micro.umn.edu
-
- Archive-name: gopher-faq
- Last-modified: 1992/08/04
-
- Common Questions and Answers about the Internet Gopher, a
- client/server protocol for making a world wide information service,
- with many implementations. Posted to comp.infosystems.gopher and
- news.answers every two weeks.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q0: What is Gopher?
-
- A0: The Internet Gopher client/server provides a distributed
- information delivery system around which a world/campus-wide
- information system (CWIS) can readily be constructed. While
- providing a delivery vehicle for local information, Gopher
- facilitates access to other Gopher and information servers
- throughout the world.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q1: Where can I get gopher?
-
- A1: via anonymous ftp to boombox.micro.umn.edu. Look in the directory
- /pub/gopher
-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q2: What do I need to access gopher?
-
- A2: You will need a gopher "client" program that runs on your local PC
- or workstation
-
- There are clients for the following systems. The directory
- following the name is the location of the client on the anonymous
- ftp site boombox.micro.umn.edu (134.84.132.2) in the directory
- /pub/gopher.
-
- Unix Curses & Emacs : /pub/gopher/Unix/gopher1.02.tar.Z
- Xwindows : /pub/gopher/Unix/xgopher1.1a.tar.Z
- Macintosh Hypercard : /pub/gopher/Mac_client/
- Macintosh Application : /pub/gopher/Mac_client/
- DOS w/Clarkson Driver : /pub/gopher/PC_client/
- NeXTstep : /pub/gopher/NeXT/
- VM/CMS : /pub/gopher/Rice_CMS/ or /pub/gopher/Vienna_CMS/
- VMS : /pub/gopher/VMS/
-
- There are also a number of public telnet login sites available.
- The University of Minnesota operates one on the machine
- "consultant.micro.umn.edu" (134.84.132.4) See Q3 for more
- information about this. It is recommended that you run the client
- software instead of logging into the public telnet login sites. A
- client uses the custom features of the local machine (mouse,
- scroll bars, etc.) A local client is also faster.
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q3: Where are there publicly available logins for gopher.
-
- A3: Here is a short list, use the site closest to you to minimize
- network lag.
-
- Hostname IP# Login Area
- ------------------------- --------------- ------ -------------
- consultant.micro.umn.edu 134.84.132.4 gopher North America
- gopher.uiuc.edu 128.174.33.160 gopher North America
- gopher.uwp.edu 131.210.1.4 gopher North America
- panda.uiowa.edu 128.255.40.201 panda North America
- info.anu.edu.au 150.203.84.20 info Australia
- gdunix.gd.chalmers.se 129.16.221.40 gopher Sweden
-
- It is recommended that you run the client software instead of
- logging into the public telnet login sites. A client uses the
- custom features of the local machine (mouse, scroll bars, etc.) A
- local client is also faster.
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q4: How can I add to the information in gopher?
-
- A4: You can do this by running a gopher server. Servers are available
- for a number of systems. Use anonymous ftp to
- boombox.micro.umn.edu (134.84.132.2) and look in /pub/gopher. The
- following servers are available there:
-
- Unix : /pub/gopher/Unix/gopherxx.tar.Z
- VMS : /pub/gopher/VMS/
- Macintosh : /pub/gopher/Mac_server/
- VM/CMS : /pub/gopher/Rice_CMS/ or /pub/gopher/Vienna_CMS/
- MVS : /pub/gopher/mvs/
-
- When you have your server ready you can publish it to the world by
- sending e-mail to the maintainters of the "Other gophers" list:
-
- gopher@boombox.micro.umn.edu
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q5: Who Develops Gopher Software?
-
- A5: Gopher was originally developed in April 1991 by the University
- of Minnesota Microcomputer, Workstation, Networks Center to help
- our campus find answers to their computer questions.
-
- It has since grown into a full-fledged World Wide Information
- System used by a large number of sites in the world.
-
- Many people have contributed to the project, too numerous to
- count.
-
- The people behind the much of the gopher software can be reached
- via e-mail at gopher@boombox.micro.umn.edu, or via paper mail:
-
- Internet Gopher Developers
- 100 Union St. SE #132
- Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q6: How can I set up a "CSO" phone book server? Where is the software?
-
- A6: CSO phone book servers are also known as "qi" servers. The
- software implementation can be gotten via anonymous ftp from
- uxc.cso.uiuc.edu (128.174.5.50) as /pub/qi.tar.Z. You may also
- see this referred to as "ph", which is what most of the clients
- are called.
-
- There is also an archive of the mailing list for qi/ph software on
- the same machine. It's in /pub/info-ph.archive.
-
- This software is supported by Steve Dorner <s-dorner@uiuc.edu>
- Contact him for more information.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q7: Why can't I access the University of Minnesota's UPI news?
-
- A7: The University of Minnesota has a site license for UPI news, we
- are not allowed to distribute it off of our campus. We get our
- UPI news from Clarinet. For more information about getting UPI
- news send mail to info@clarinet.com. For information about
- setting up your own gopher-UPI server search the gopher-news
- archive for UPI.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q9: What are the type characters for the different Gopher Objects?
-
- A9: Normal IDs.
-
- 0 Item is a file
- 1 Item is a directory
- 2 Item is a CSO (qi) phone-book server
- 3 Error
- 4 Item is a BinHexed Macintosh file.
- 5 Item is DOS binary archive of some sort.
- 6 Item is a UNIX uuencoded file.
- 7 Item is an Index-Search server.
- 8 Item points to a text-based telnet session.
- 9 Item is a binary file! Client must read until the connection
- closes. Beware.
- T TN3270 connection.
-
- Experimental IDs.
-
- s Sound type. Data stream is a mulaw sound.
- M MIME type. Item contains MIME data.
- h html type.
- I Image type.
- i "inline" text type.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q10: When I do full-text searches I always get every document back, Why?
-
- A10: This is a problem occasionally encountered with Unix full-text
- indexes. It is caused by setting up the link incorrectly to a
- gindexd port.
-
- The Path= field should be *blank* when pointing to a gindexd
- index.
-
- Otherwise the client will send the path to the gindexd daemon,
- which interprets everything as a keyword. This path is
- likely to contain a pathname that is common to all of the indexed
- files. Thus a search generates hits on everything.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q11: When I try to build the UNIX software I get an error from make:
- "Must be a separator on rules line #. Stop" Why?
-
- A11: This is a problem with older makes that don't understand the "include"
- keyword. One easy way to cope with this problem is compiling GNU
- make, which does understand the include keyword.
-
- If this is too difficult, remove the line:
-
- include Makefile.config
-
- from all the Makefiles and paste in a copy of Makefile.config at
- the top of each Makefile.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q12: What is the relationship between Gopher and (WAIS, WWW, ftp)?
-
- A12: Gopher is intimately intertwined with these two other systems.
- As shipped the Unix gopher server has the capability to:
-
- - Search local WAIS indices.
- - Query remote WAIS servers and funnel the results to gopher
- clients.
- - Query remote ftp sites and funnel the results to gopher
- clients.
- - Be queried by WWW (World Wide Web) clients (either using
- built in gopher querying or using native http querying.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q13: Are papers or articles describing gopher available?
-
- A13: Yes. Here are some references:
-
- _The_Internet_Gopher_, "ConneXions", July 1992, Interop.
-
- _Exploring_Internet_GopherSpace_ "The Internet Society News", v1n2 1992,
-
- _The_Internet_Gopher_Protocol_, Proceedings of the Twenty-Third
- IETF, CNRI, Section 5.3
-
- _Internet_Gopher_, Proceedings of Canadian Networking '92
-
- _The_Internet_Gopher_, INTERNET: Getting Started, SRI
- International, Section 10.5.5
-
- _Tools_help_Internet_users_discover_on-line_treasures, Computerworld,
- July 20, 1992
-
- Gopher will also be in two forthcoming O'Reilly Books:
- "Administrating TCP/IP, and The Whole Internet"
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- Q14: On a DECstation I get the error message "/etc/svc.conf no such file
- or directory" when running the gopherd server, why?
-
- A14: This is caused by the chroot() call in gopherd. It can be easily
- fixed by running gopherd with the -c option.
-
- Alternatively you can copy /etc/svc.conf into a directory named
- "etc" inside the gopher-data directory.
- --
- | Paul Lindner | lindner@boombox.micro.umn.edu | Slipping into madness
- | | Computer & Information Services | is good for the sake
- | GopherMaster | University of Minnesota | of comparision.