Nautilus 1992 July/Nautilus-3-8/Nautilus-3-8.bin/Reference/RHOSETTASTONE

Text File | 1992-06-16 | 14.9 KB | 392 lines

IF YOU GRAB THIS FILE, CHECK IT FOR ERRORS.  If you know things which should
be changed or better ADDED: let me know.

--eugene miya

Acknowledgements:
[e-mail] (Jeff Elman)
[e-mail]
[e-mail] Martin Minow (ex-DECtalk developer)
Marc Majka <ames!seismo!ubc-vision!vision.ubc.cdn!majka>
[e-mail]
Stephen [e-mail]
Keith F. Lynch <[e-mail]>
George Swetnam [e-mail]
Erik A. Devereux <[e-mail]>
[e-mail] (Donald A. Norman)
Vic Churchill <ames!seismo!mcvax!stl.stc.co.uk!jvc>
"J. A. 'Biep' Durieux" <mcvax!cs.vu.nl![e-mail]>
[e-mail]
[e-mail] (Robert Amsler)
dciem!mmt (Martin Taylor)
[e-mail]
Bruce Nevin <[e-mail]>
Dale Eaton ([e-mail]) currently Chisolm Institute of Technology, Melbourne
Ethan Scarl <[e-mail]>
David A Smallberg <[e-mail]>
henry schaffer  n c state univ [e-mail]
Rick Vistnes [e-mail]
Peter Bernus, Key Centre for Software Technology [e-mail]
me
======begin data=========

How to recognize speech
How to wreck a nice beach

By my (miya) own doodling:

How to recognize peach
How to recognize teach
How to recognize each
How to recognize reach
How to wreck a nice peach
How to wreck a nice teach
How to wreck a nice each
How to wreck a nice reach
How to wreck cognize peach
How to wreck cognize reach
How to wreck cog nice peach
            leech
            breech
            Quiche
    deck dog dice
    beck bog mice
    heck fog lice
    peck gog slice
    tech hog vice
         log rice
______    preliminary noise
       _____________________ signal
Wreck wog rice reach

LISP: Ba Ba Wa Wa [from SNL]

Something useful might be `rev /usr/dict/words | sort | rev`
(near

"In mud eels are, in tar none are".

grey day / grade A
euthanasia / youth in Asia
"Whats that up in the road" ahead / a head?

"Take off your hat and dloves"

and then ask them what you said. 99% of all people will insist that
you said the word "gloves".

I'd be happy if you could do the digits, including "Oh", and Yes/No.
Continuous digits, telephone quality, no training, male and female voice.

The problem is in distinguishing "oh" from "no".

Getting the alphabet (not "alpha", "bravo", but "aye", "bee") would
be nice, too.

I love you
Isle of View

I think you need at least one example in Chinese, and here's my favorite
(because I actually said it by mistake).  The numbers after the words
are phonic "tones".  What I meant to say was:

Wo(3) hen(3) xiang(3) shui(4)-jiao(4)  -- I want to go to sleep

... but what I actually ended up saying was:

Wo(3) hen(3) xiang(4) shui(3)-jiao(3)  -- I am like a boiled ravioli

Just out of interest the above could also be interpreted as...

  Wo(3) hen(4) xiang(3) shui(2)-jiao(2)  -- I hate the sound of gargling
and
  Wo(3) hen(2) xiang(4) shui(2)-jiao(1)  -- I mark where the elephant pees

...or so I believe in my limited understanding.
I should think,however, that in speech recognition and synthesis Chinese would
be quite an easy language to handle. The phonemes are quite distinct and surely
the tonal structure (- / \ ^) could be a cinch for the software/hardware?

"ice cream"/"I scream"
"beginning"/"big inning"
"soccer"/"sock her"
"its hardware problems are intermittent"/"it's hard where problems ..."
"attacks"/"a tax"

from Mark Twain:
    "Good-bye God, I'm going to Missouri."/"Good, by God, I'm going to Missouri."

A notion of water/an ocean of water.

[New York accent only] An arm and a leg/a nominal egg.


Years ago at Bell Labs, I heard the following:

 "Joe took mother's shoe bench out; she was waiting at my lawn."

With regard to difficult speech recognition problems, I just saw
variations of the following on the wall of a mens room, so credit goes
to anonymous students at the University of Texas:

   ``Our understanding of urine formation was clearly wrong.''
   ``Our understanding of your information was clearly wrong.''

AN example I have used, that that origginally was a real
            ^^^^^^^^^ [interesting cognitive artifact, WWB --enm]
confusion that happened to me is

Said:  I went out last night and saw a new display.
Heard: I wnet out last night and saw a nudist play.


One rather contrived example that I dreamed up (I was trying
to prove to a guy that a particularly simplistic phoneme-to-
word mapping algorithm he was proposing wouldn't work):

a nand gate / an and gate

How every damsel ate a rival.
However, Edam's a late arrival.

The tricky thing here is that the word boundaries in 1 are
in mid-word in 2 and vice versa (actually fairly rare in practice.)

As some speech chips in Japanese cars say:

        "A door is a jar"

Jeez, weren't any of you rocket scientists ever in sixth grade?  How
about the family of proper names, including Ben Dover, and Mike Hunt?

More from the scatalogical speech recognition department, rocket
scientist (NASA-type) sub-bureau: Uranus jokes, as in "I'm going to set
up my telescope and take a good look at Uranus.  Did you realize there
are rings around Uranus?..."

Two speech recognition trickies from Eng. Lit.:

   Our Glass Lake  (Hourglass Lake)           -- Nabokov

   Make-Believe Express (Maple Leaf Express)  -- Thurber

Chapter II: Moron intelligence (More on ..)

...and then there are those cardbord circles with TUIT writtem on them, which
you can give someone who says: "I'll do it when I get around to it".
"Well, here you have a round TUIT."

Remember the old song...

Mares eat oats and does eat oats and little lambs eat ivy
A kid'll eat ivy too, wouldn't you.
  (kid will ==> kid'll)

(Come to think of it.... find me a speech generator that will
say the plural of doe when reading that!)

Maresey dotes and dozey dotes and little lambsey divy
A kiddle de divey too, wouldn't you

Now that I think of it, how could one miss a whole song based on a tough
speech recognition example (and thanks to Dr. Demento for making a 1940
novelty song available to post-1940 listeners):

    Mairzy doats and doazy doats and little lamsy divy;
    A kiddly divy do, wouldn't you?
        etc.


    Now let's talk about {arrays,a raise}.
    Suppose we have a {sorted,sordid} array.


The Canadian prime minister seems to have sent a ship full of fish
once, as 3rd world aid, with the accompanying text:

Nehru, my cod to thee.


      Cole's Law   (thinly sliced cabbage)


It is usually claimed that sentential or speech ambiguities can be
resolved by knowing the context.  I heard one on TV the other night
that cannot be so resolved.  It could be disambiguated only by
asking the talker.  Here is the situation:

A nature program was describing the return of salmon from the sea to
their native river.  During the salt-to-fresh water transition, they
congregate in the shallow water at the mouth of the river.  One after
another, they are picked off by swooping sea-birds.  The commentator
said " ... they are picked off by {terns|turns}."  Knowing completely
the context, it is impossible to know which he meant, although the two
meanings are very different.

  [I would suppose that many puns are constructed (or at least
  sharpened) examples of such ambiguities.  -- KIL]

Another short example, taken from an I Spy episode:
"glass pants" vs. "clasp hands"

Subject: homophones

There is an article in the March number of _Memory & Cognition_ (15.2:154-168)
that lists almost 600 homophonous pairs in English, and gives references
to the literature from which the list was culled.  It is `The Subjective
Familiarity of English Homophones' by Roger J. Kreuz.  These pairs could
be used to construct pairs of utterances where juncture was not involved.
For example, `We applauded the saver/savor of the soup.'  I'm sure less
artificial examples could be constructed.


Is there a distinction between "difficult speech recognition problems" and
ordinary homonyms?

E.g., sword/soared
or crustacean/crew station

Is it length, number of words?  I spose the best ones should be complete
sentences that at least two valid interpretations.

Re the Chinese example (which does fit these criteria): I am told that there
is a paragraph-length story in Chinese composed entirely of the single
syllable "sze" with only tonal variations;  in spite of the length (=> good
context), native speakers can understand it only after several hearings.

Meta-syntax / Medicine Tax

Write Ms. Wright a letter right away.

A famous example is the words of Bank Ban from the
drama of the Hungarian Joszef Katona's "Bank Ban".

(this is in LaTex; so you have to print to get the real accents)

1. A kir\'{a}lyn\H{o}t meg\"{o}lni? Nem! Ellenzem !

   "To kill the Queen? No! I am agains it."

2. A kir\'{a}lyn\H{o}t meg\"{o}lni nem ellenzem.

   "I am not against killing the Queen."

or dumb-ascii with the accent marks stripped:


1. A kiralynot megolni? Nem! Ellenzem !
2. A kiralynot megolni  nem  ellenzem.

From SAIL at Stanford:
               Ladle Rat Rotten Hut

    (Heresy ladle furry starry toiling udder warts --- warts welches altar
girdle deferent firmer once inner regional virgin.)
    Wants pawn term, dare worsted ladle gull hoe lift wetter murder inner
ladle cordage honor itch offer lodge, dock, florist.  Disk ladle gull orphan
worry putty ladle rat cluck wetter ladle rat hut, an fur disk raisin pimple
colder Ladle Rat Rotten Hut.
    Wan moaning, Ladle Rat Rotten Hut's murder colder inset.
    "Ladle Rat Rotten Hut, heresy ladle basking winsome burden barter an
shirker cockles.  Tick disk ladle basking tutor cordage offer groin-murder hoe
lifts honor udder site offer florist.  Shaker lake!  Dun stopper laundry wrote!
Dun stopper peck floors!  Dun daily-doily inner florist, an yonder nor sorghum-
stenches, dun stopper torque wet strainers!"
    "Hoe-cake, murder," resplendent Ladle Rat Rotten Hut, an tickle ladle
basking an stuttered oft.
    Honor wrote tutor cordage offer groin-murder, Ladle Rat Rotten Hut
mitten anomalous woof.
    "Wail, wail, wail!" set disk wicket woof, "Evanescent Ladle Rat
Rotten Hut!  Wares are putty ladle gull goring wizard ladle basking?"
    "Armor goring tumor groin-murder's," reprisal ladle gull.  "Grammar's
seeking bet.  Armor ticking arson burden barter an shirker cockles."
    "O hoe!  Heifer gnats woke," setter wicket woof, butter taught tomb
shelf, "Oil tickle shirt court tutor cordage offer groin-murder.  Oil
ketchup wetter letter, an den....O bore!"
    Soda wicket woof tucker shirt court, an whinny retched a cordage
offer groin-murder, picked inner windrow, an sore debtor pore oil worming
worse lion inner bet.  Inner flesh, disk abdominal woof lipped honor bet,
paunched honor pore oil worming, an garbled erupt.  Den disk ratchet
ammonol pot honor groin-murder's nut cup an gnat-gun, any curdled ope inner
bet.
    Inner ladle wile, Ladle Rat Rotten Hut a raft attar cordage, an ranker
dough ball.  "Comb ink, sweat hard," setter wicket woof, disgracing is
verse.
    Ladle Rat Rotten Hut entity bet rum, an stud buyer groin-murder's bet.
    "O Grammar!" crater ladle gull historically, "Water bag icer gut!  A
nervous sausage bag ice!"
    "Battered lucky chew whiff, sweat hard," setter bloat-Thursday woof,
wetter wicket small honors phase.
    "O, Grammar, water bag noise!  A nervous sore suture anomalous prognosis!"
    "Battered small your whiff, doling," whiskered dole woof, ants mouse
worse waddling.
    "O Grammar, water bag mouser gut!  A nervous sore suture bag mouse!"
    Daze worry on-forger-nut ladle gull's lest warts.  Oil offer sodden,
caking offer carvers an sprinkling otter bet, disk hoard-hoarded woof
lipped own pore Ladle Rat Rotten Hut an garbled erupt.

MURAL:    Yonder nor sorghum stenches shut ladle gulls stopper torque wet
    strainers.

              Little Red Riding Hood

  (Here is a little fairy story told in other words --- words which are
altogether different from the ones in the original version.)
    Once upon a time, there was a little girl who lived with her mother
in a little cottage on the edge of a large, dark forest.  This little girl
often wore a pretty little red cloak with a little red hat, and for this
reason people called her Little Red Riding Hood.
    One morning, Little Red Riding Hood's mother called her inside.
    "Little Red Riding Hood, here's a little basket with some bread and
butter and sugar cookies.  Take this little basket to the cottage of your
grandmother who lives on the other side of the forest.  Shake a leg!  Don't
stop along the road!  Don't stop to pick flowers!  Don't dilly-dally in the
forest, and under no circumstances, don't stop to talk with strangers!"
    "Okay, mother," responded Little Red Riding Hood, and took the little
basket and started off.
    On the road to the cottage of her grandmother, Little Red Riding Hood
met an enormous wolf.
    "Well, well, well!" said this wicked wolf.  "If it isn't Little Red
Riding Hood!  Where's our pretty little girl going with her little basket?
    "I am going to my grandmother's," replied the little girl.  "Grandma's
sick in bed.  I'm taking her some bread and butter and sugar cookies."
    "O ho!  Have a nice walk," said the wicked wolf, but he thought to him-
self, "I'll take the short cut to the cottage of her grandmother.  I'll
catch up with her later, and then....O boy!"
    So the wicked wolf took a short cut, and when he reached the cottage
of her grandmother, peeked in her window, and saw that a poor old woman
was lying in her bed.  In a flash, this abominable wolf leapt on her bed,
pounced on the poor old woman, and gobbled her up.  Then this wretched
animal put on her grandmother's night cap and nightgown, and curled up in
her bed.
    In a little while, Little Red Riding Hood arrived at the cottage, and
rang the door bell.  "Come in, sweetheart," said the wicked wolf, disguising
his voice.
    Little Red Riding Hood entered the bed room, and stood by her grandmother's
bed.
    "Oh Grandma!" cried the little girl hysterically, "What big eyes you've got!
I never saw such big eyes!"
    "Better to look at you with, sweetheart," said the blood-thirsty wolf,
with a wicked smile on his face.
    "Oh Grandma! what a big nose!  I never saw such an enourmous big nose!"
    "Better to smell you with, darling," whispered the old wolf, and his mouth
was watering.
    "Oh Grandma, what a big mouth you've got!  I never saw such a big mouth!"
    These were the unfortunate little girl's last words.  All of a sudden,
taking off the covers and springing out of bed, this hard-hearted wolf
leapt on poor Little Red Riding Hood and gobbled her up.

MORAL:    Under no circumstances should little girls stop and talk with
    strangers.

About the author:

    The author is Howard L. Chace, and that's all I know about him.
"Ladle" comes from a book entitled Anguish Languish (English Language), written
by Chace and published by Prentice-Hall in 1956.  Aside from "Ladle Rat Rotten
Hut," there are also other fairy tales ("Guilty Looks Enter Tree Beers,"
"Center Alley"), nursery rhymes ("Marry Hatter Ladle Limb," "Sinker Sucker
Socks Pants"), a version of the famous baseball story, "Casing Adder Bet," and
some songs ("Hive Ban Walking Honor Rail Rut," "Hormone Derange").