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- How to generate insights at a computer
- ======================================
-
- Most people have an aversion to outlining -- it's always messy. By the third
- level deep, you start erasing to change your initial classification schemes.
-
- That's the fundamental flaw in outlining . . . and the source of their
- strength and beauty. Here's why. <FILE50 OUTLINES>
-
- Building an outline consists of classifying and generalizing. Classifying
- is figuring out which category a concept belongs in. Generalizing is
- finding the right name for a group of categories. Sounds simple, yet
- that's the most powerful process in developing new ideas, insights, and
- understanding.
-
- I think "insight" is nothing more than seeing new meaning in existing words
- or vocabulary. That only happens when you examine their breadth and
- boundaries. As new ideas are found at the boundaries of existing concepts,
- whenever you outline you stumble into information you didn't expect.
-
- That's why I love outlining. It's always messy (initially), but once you
- start organizing the structure, you can't help but sharpen your thinking.
-
- How does this relate to hypertext?
-
- ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
- │ If outline building always produces insights (shifts your thinking), │
- │ then building a hypertext system produces knowledge and wisdom. <FILE46> │
- └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
-
- Hypertext depends on three ideas: indexing idea units, minimum keystroke
- access to each idea unit, and efficient communication of the structure of the
- knowledge in the system.
-
- Outlining is generally organizing information for yourself. However,
- hypertext is almost always organizing information for others.
- <FILE43 EXAMPLE> To organize information in formats that easily match the
- needs of others requires both an understanding of how various people
- initially understand a subject area and how their concepts could be
- modified or expanded. <FILE28 HIERARCHIES>
-
- If you didn't have knowledge or wisdom in a particular subject area, once
- you've built a successful hypertext system (become a caring teacher), you
- can't help but gain knowledge and wisdom. The teacher always learns more
- than the student. <FILE42 CLASSROOM>
-
- Now, two unexpected insights!
-
- The process of building hypertext systems requires critical thinking about
- the whole, each of the parts, and all possible groups of similar parts.
- This critical thinking is necessary to classify this information so it
- matches the needs of a wide variety of users. That's called:
-
- ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
- │ Hyper-critical thinking which lets you extract (or abstract) the │
- │ maximum amount of knowledge from information. <FILE65 BENEFIT> │
- └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
-
- For example, in any complex legal process <FILE43 EXAMPLE> if you have
- superior mastery of all the loops and twists in the pool of common
- information, you control the outcome. For that reason, I think one of the
- earliest group of hypertext users will be in law firms. <FILE75 STRUCTURE>
-
- Am I right? Build a hypertext system to see the growth of your insights
- into a particular knowledge area, or better yet go to court against
- someone who has their case facts, comments, and responses in hypertext
- formats for fingertip access. That will make you a believer as real-time
- thinking seldom matches hyper-organized thinking! They'll simply chew you
- alive from angles you never imagined.
-
- Again the value of information lies in how it is organized.
-
- Reference : ----------------------
- Tools for organizing knowledge <FILE26 Maxthink/Houdini>
- Reviewer comments on MaxThink <FILE15 Reviews>
-
- Neil Larson 1/15/88 FILE52
- 44 Rincon Rd., Kensington, CA 94707
- Copyright MaxThink 1988 -- Call 415-428-0104 for permission to reprint