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- The ant has a pair of eyes which are made
- up of many smaller eyes crowded together.
- They are called compound eyes.
-
- The antennae of most ants contain organs
- which they use not only for touch, but also
- for their sense of smell.
-
- The head of the ant is armed with a pair of
- large, strong jaws. The jaws are hinged so
- that they open and shut sideways like a
- pair of scissors.
- Adult ants cannot chew and swallow solid
- foods. Instead they swallow the juice which
- they squeeze from bits of food. They throw
- away the dry part that is left over.
- Like all insects, ants have six legs
- fastened to their thorax. Each leg has
- three joints. The last joint contains
- combs which the ant uses to clean itself.
- The legs of the ant are so strong and quick
- that it can move very rapidly. If a man
- could run as fast for his size as an ant
- can, he could outrun the fastest horse!
- The abdomen of the ant contains two
- stomachs. One stomach holds the food for
- itself and second stomach is for food to be
- shared with other ants.
- When a Fire Ant (Solenopsis Geminata)
- stings or bites, it produces a burning
- sensation like fire, inspiring its name as
- a Fire Ant.
- Like all insects, ants have a hard outer
- covering called the exoskeleton. Because
- this covering cannot stretch, ants can grow
- only by molting this skin several times.
- Ants have four distinct growing stages, the
- egg, larva, pupa and the adult. This
- development cycle is called 'Complete
- Metamorphosis.'
- Ants are actually classified as a special
- group of wasps. (Hymenoptera Formicidae)
- There are over 14000 known species of ants.
-
- Each ant colony has at least one or more
- egg laying females called queens. Their
- single purpose is to lay eggs which the
- worker ants raise into adults.
- Worker ants are sterile, wingless females
- which forage for food, rear the young, and
- defend the nest from intruders.
-
- Ants are tidy insects. Some worker ants
- are given the job to clean debris from the
- nest and deposit it outside in its own
- special garbage dump!
- Each colony of ants has its own
- characteristic smell. In this way,
- intruders can be recognized immediately!
-
- Many ants such as the common Red species
- are all armed with a sting and use this in
- defense of the nest.
-
- The common Black Ants and Wood Ants have no
- sting, but they can squirt an irritating
- spray of formic acid which protects the
- nest from other ant intruders.
- The Slave-Maker Ant (Polyergus Rufescens)
- raids the nests of other ants and steals
- their pupae. When these new ants hatch,
- they work as slaves within the colony.
- The worker ants tend to keep the eggs and
- larvae in clumps of individuals arranged
- according to ages.
-
- At night the worker ants move the eggs and
- larvae deep into the nest to protect them
- from the cold.
-
- During the daytime, the worker ants move
- the eggs and larvae of the colony to the
- top of the nest so that they can be warmer.
-
- Weaver Ants (Oecophylla Species) make their
- nests by weaving living leaves together
- with jets of silk squirted out by the
- larvae.
- If a worker ant has found a good source
- for food, it leaves a scent trail for the
- other ants in the colony to follow.
-
- Carpenter Ants (Campanotus Species) are
- so called because they excavate their
- nests in the trunks of trees and logs.
-
- In South Africa, Army Ants (Ecitron
- Burchelli) are always on the move. They
- march in columns carrying their eggs and
- larvae with them.
- The raiding party of the Army Ant has
- been known to stretch as long as 330 feet
- and 25 feet wide.
-
- The underground nests of ants can be
- several feet deep, with tunnels and
- chambers on many levels.
-
- When the Slow Ant (Leptothorax Species)
- finds a good source of food, he does not
- leave a scent trail, instead they form
- lines following right behind each other.
- Wood Ants (Formica Species) make their
- protective mounds above their nests out
- of pine needles.
-
- Ants have wings only when they are mating.
- After mating the male ant soon dies. The
- queen ant sheds her wings which provides
- nutrients for her eggs.
- The Army Ant (Ecitron Burchelli) of South
- America, can have as many as 700,000
- members in its colony.
-
- The Army Ant (Ecitron Burchelli) sends out
- swarm raids to hunt insects and even small
- animals.
-
- The Leaf Cutter Ant (Atta Species) cuts out
- pieces of leaves which they take back to
- their nests. They chew them into a pulp and
- a special fungus grows on it which they eat.
- Harvester Ants (Messor Species) forage for
- seeds which they take back and store in
- their nests. In this way the seeds get
- dispersed and some survive to grow.
- Many ant species like the common Yellow
- Ant (Lasius Flavus) make protective mounds
- of earth above their underground nests.