5033 Marie likes to read about queen Victoria of England.
5034 Marie likes to read about Queen Victoria of England.
5035 Have you met general Adams yet?
5036 Have you met General Adams yet?
5064 Capitalize the marked word if it is part of a title, the name of a place, or the name of a person. Do not capitalize minor words such as "of," "a," and "the"
5065 unless these words officially begin the name of a place or a title, as in "The Hague" or "The New Yorker."
5066 We saw the mountains by Lake chelan.
5067 We saw the mountains by Lake Chelan.
5068 One of the largest lakes in the United States is lake michigan.
5069 One of the largest lakes in the United States is Lake Michigan.
5096 Capitalize the marked word if it is part of the name of a business, a place, a building, or a monument.
5097 Her apartment has a lovely view of glacier mountain.
5098 Her apartment has a lovely view of Glacier Mountain.
5099 The conference was at Spirit lake.
5100 The conference was at Spirit Lake.
5128 It is incorrect to capitalize the seasons of the year or the academic years (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior).
5129 Laura's Junior year in college exposed her to many new ideas.
5130 Laura's junior year in college exposed her to many new ideas.
5131 In Summer, she returned home to work in the local factory.
5132 In summer, she returned home to work in the local factory.
5160 Capitalize all months of the year.
5161 Julie loves march when the lambs are born.
5162 Julie loves March when the lambs are born.
5163 Quarterly reports are due on may 14.
5164 Quarterly reports are due on May 14.
5192 Capitalize the marked word if it is part of a title, the name of a place, or the name of a person. Do not capitalize minor words such as "of,"
5193 "a," and "the" unless these words officially begin the name of the place or the title, as in "The Hague" or "The New Yorker."
5194 The mean dog that mr. Crotchety owns can almost jump his fence.
5195 The mean dog that Mr. Crotchety owns can almost jump his fence.
5196 She had a good time visiting the Hague.
5197 She had a good time visiting The Hague.
5224 Use "fiancΘ" for a man engaged to be married. Use "fiancΘe" for a woman engaged to be married.
5225 Karen is his fiancΘ.
5226 Karen is his fiancΘe.
5227 Jack is her fiancΘe.
5228 Jack is her fiancΘ.
5256 Generally, use "poll" when you mean a survey or number of votes cast or recorded. Use "pole" when you mean a piece of wood or you are referring to the axis of the earth.
5257 The agency conducted a pole yesterday.
5258 The agency conducted a poll yesterday.
5259 Does she have the results of the opinion pole?
5260 Does she have the results of the opinion poll?
5288 Generally, use the noun "hole" when you mean an opening or a flaw. Use "whole," which can be an adjective or a noun, when you mean "complete."
5289 She did not eat the hole apple.
5290 She did not eat the whole apple.
5320 Use the noun "gorilla" when you mean a type of animal. Use "guerrilla," which can be a noun or an adjective, when you mean a type of military force.
5321 Did they use gorilla tactics?
5322 Did they use guerrilla tactics?
5323 Instruct the gorilla soldiers on what to wear.
5324 Instruct the guerrilla soldiers on what to wear.
5352 Use "an" before a noun: "an apple." Use "and" to connect words or phrases, such as "an apple and an orange."
5353 Did they give you a table an chairs?
5354 Did they give you a table and chairs?
5355 The concierge an I had a long discussion.
5356 The concierge and I had a long discussion.
5384 Generally, use "specially" to modify verbs when you mean "for a particular purpose." Use "especially" to modify verbs, adjectives, or adverbs when
5385 you mean "particularly" or "very much."
5386 Are you specially fond of figs?
5387 Are you especially fond of figs?
5388 Give the master of ceremonies a specially big round of applause.
5389 Give the master of ceremonies an especially big round of applause.
5416 Generally, use "besides" when you mean "in addition to" or "other than." Use "beside" when you mean "along the side of."
5417 Beside moving the couch, we are rearranging the office.
5418 Besides moving the couch, we are rearranging the office.
5419 What do you do for exercise, beside running?
5420 What do you do for exercise, besides running?
5448 Generally, use "beside" before reflexive pronouns such as "himself" or "themselves" when you mean a state of great excitement. In addition, use "beside"
5449 in the expression "beside the point" when you mean "not relevant to."
5450 Is he besides himself about winning the lottery?
5451 Is he beside himself about winning the lottery?
5452 That suggestion was besides the point.
5453 That suggestion was beside the point.
5480 Use "renown" as a noun. Use "renowned" as an adjective.
5481 Do not forget to invite the renown children's entertainer.
5482 Do not forget to invite the renowned children's entertainer.
5483 The fans rushed backstage to meet the renown rock star.
5484 The fans rushed backstage to meet the renowned rock star.
5512 Generally, use "averse" with the preposition "to" when you mean a feeling of dislike. Use "adverse," an adjective, when you mean some sort of difficulty.
5513 He was not adverse to cooking every other night.
5514 He was not averse to cooking every other night.
5515 Being adverse to asking is no way to make progress.
5516 Being averse to asking is no way to make progress.
5544 Use "rend," a verb, to suggest violence or distress. Use "render," a verb, to suggest giving, yielding, or becoming.
5545 She told a heart-rendering story!
5546 She told a heart-rending story!
5547 Give me the book voluntarily, or I will render it from you.
5548 Give me the book voluntarily, or I will rend it from you.
5576 Use the verb "emigrate" with the preposition "from" when you mean departure from a country or region. Use the verb "immigrate" with the preposition
5577 "to" or "into" when you mean entrance into a country or region.
5578 The family did not emigrate to Germany.
5579 The family did not immigrate to Germany.
5580 The children immigrated from New Zealand.
5581 The children emigrated from New Zealand.
5608 Use the verb "learn" when you mean acquiring knowledge. Use the verb "teach" when you mean transmitting knowledge.
5609 Have you learned him how to ride a bike?
5610 Have you taught him how to ride a bike?
5611 Please learn your class the behavior rules of the school.
5612 Please teach your class the behavior rules of the school.
5640 Check the meaning of the marked word to be sure you are using the word correctly. Words that sound alike are often confused with one another.
5641 The clown's browse were dyed bright red.
5642 The clown's brows were dyed bright red.
5643 Her feat were so large it was hard to find shoes that fit her.
5644 Her feet were so large it was hard to find shoes that fit her.
5672 Check the meaning of the marked word to be sure you are using the word correctly. Words that sound alike are often confused with one another.
5673 I do not mined helping her.
5674 I do not mind helping her.
5675 I was find $25 for parking in the wrong spot.
5676 I was fined $25 for parking in the wrong spot.
5704 Check the meaning of the marked word to be sure you are using the word correctly. Words that sound alike are often confused with one another.
5705 Try to fined her an acceptable pair of jeans.
5706 Try to find her an acceptable pair of jeans.
5707 We have to fined him before it is too late.
5708 We have to find him before it is too late.
5736 Check the meaning of the marked word to be sure you are using the word correctly. Words that sound alike are often confused with one another.
5737 The superintendent took a quick brows through the school.
5738 The superintendent took a quick browse through the school.
5739 It was a laps of judgment.
5740 It was a lapse of judgment.
5768 Check the meaning of the marked word to be sure you are using the word correctly. Words that sound alike are often confused with one another. For additional examples,
5769 consult the Help menu under "commonly confused."
5770 Its a long way to the station.
5771 It's a long way to the station.
5772 The cat drank it's milk.
5773 The cat drank its milk.
5774 Your going to like this.
5775 You're going to like this.
5776 Your improving every day.
5777 You're improving every day.
5800 Use "to" as a preposition. Use "too" as an adverb when you mean "also" or "excessively."
5801 To many cooks spoil the broth.
5802 Too many cooks spoil the broth.
5803 She is not to upset about the transfer.
5804 She is not too upset about the transfer.
5832 Hyphenate any spelled-out number from twenty-one to ninety-nine.
5833 Thirty five people attended the family reunion.
5834 Thirty-five people attended the family reunion.
5835 They waited for over forty five minutes.
5836 They waited for over forty-five minutes.
5864 Generally, hyphenate "half" and the word "half" modifies.
5865 The students are half asleep.
5866 The students are half-asleep.
5867 Roger gave the half finished proposal an extension.
5868 Roger gave the half-finished proposal an extension.
5896 Generally, hyphenate a number and its unit of measurement if they modify another noun.
5897 Her three year old daughter is afraid of cats.
5898 Her three-year-old daughter is afraid of cats.
5899 Who won the 100 yard dash?
5900 Who won the 100-yard dash?
5928 Some pairs of words that work closely together are hyphenated to emphasize their relationship with each other.
5929 The boy was proud of his prize winning frog.
5930 The boy was proud of his prize-winning frog.
5931 They heard a thought provoking lecture last night.
5932 They heard a thought-provoking lecture last night.
5960 Some pairs of words that work closely together are hyphenated to emphasize their relationship with each other.
5961 She was a self made woman.
5962 She was a self-made woman.
5963 They were required to do a self review.
5964 They were required to do a self-review.
5992 Some pairs of words that work closely together are hyphenated to emphasize their relationship with each other.
5993 The ever faithful dog stayed with the lost child.
5994 The ever-faithful dog stayed with the lost child.
5995 The much loved collie lived 13 years.
5996 The much-loved collie lived 13 years.
6024 Some pairs of words that work closely together are hyphenated to emphasize their relationship with each other.
6025 This car has a diesel powered engine.
6026 This car has a diesel-powered engine.
6027 The door has a voice activated lock.
6028 The door has a voice-activated lock.
6056 Some pairs of words do not need a hyphen to emphasize their relationship. They work together sensibly simply by being next to each other.
6057 Roger has a highly-developed taste for fine cheeses.
6058 Roger has a highly developed taste for fine cheeses.
6059 It was a very well-catered party.
6060 It was a very well catered party.
6088 You may be using too many hyphens in your sentence or using hyphens in the wrong place. It is incorrect to use hyphens with numbers above 99. Use hyphens with fractions,
6089 but only one per fraction.
6090 Three-hundred-fifty-five people attended the convention.
6091 Three hundred fifty-five people attended the convention.
6092 Twenty-fifty-thirds of a mile is an odd distance for a race.
6093 Twenty fifty-thirds of a mile is an odd distance for a race.
6120 For standard spelling, some pairs of words need a hyphen to emphasize their relationship. Other pairs need to be combined into one word. Still others work sensibly
6121 together simply by being next to each other.
6122 His attitude was open minded.
6123 His attitude was open-minded.
6124 Paul had a severe stomach ache after winning the pie-eating contest.
6125 Paul had a severe stomachache after winning the pie-eating contest.
6126 The attorney-general was the speaker at the convention.
6127 The attorney general was the speaker at the convention.
6152 If you are using the phrase "every one of," "every" and "one" must be separated.
6153 Everyone of the Jones boys has red hair.
6154 Every one of the Jones boys has red hair.
6155 Everyone of the students passed the test.
6156 Every one of the students passed the test.
6184 Use adverbs to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, as in "strongly spoken" and "smoothly thrown." Use adjectives to modify nouns and
6185 pronouns, as in "strong man" and "smooth stone."
6186 The technician will work quick to solve the problem.
6187 The technician will work quickly to solve the problem.
6188 She did good in the race.
6189 She did well in the race.
6216 The marked word can be used correctly only after a noun. However, in some cases, you may be able to change the form of the word and leave it
6217 in its original place in your sentence.
6218 The sunk ship was full of treasure.
6219 The sunken ship was full of treasure.
6220 The asleep baby did not wake at the noise.
6221 The baby, who was asleep, did not wake at the noise.
6248 The marked word can be used correctly only before a noun. However, in some cases, you may be able to change the form of the word and leave it
6249 in its original place in your sentence.
6250 That attraction is main.
6251 That is the main attraction.
6252 They were drunken.
6253 They were drunk.
6280 If you are comparing with a one-syllable adjective, add "-er" or "-est" to the end of the adjective. Do not use "more" or "most." If you are comparing with a
6281 two-syllable adjective, add "-er" or "-est" or use the word "more" or "most" in addition to the adjective. Do not use both options at the same time.
6282 This star is more bright.
6283 This star is brighter.
6284 She has the most good grades in the class.
6285 She has the best grades in the class.
6312 If you are comparing two things with a one-syllable adjective, add "-er" to the end of the adjective. Do not use "more." If you are comparing with a two-syllable
6313 adjective, add "-er" or use the word "more" in addition to the adjective. Do not use both options at the same time.
6314 Tomorrow we will meet more longer hours.
6315 Tomorrow we will meet longer hours.
6316 The new chef created more tastier pastries.
6317 The new chef created tastier pastries.
6318 The new chef created more tasty pastries.
6344 If you are comparing with a two-syllable adjective, add "-er" or "-est" to the end of the adjective or use the word "more," "most," "less," or "least" in
6345 addition to the adjective. Do not use both options at the same time. If you are comparing with an adjective with more than two syllables, use the words
6346 "more," "most," "less," or "least." Do not add "-er" or "-est."
6347 This business has the more happier customers.
6348 This business has the happier customers.
6349 This chair is the least comfortablest.
6350 This chair is the least comfortable.
6376 To compare two things, add "-er" to the end of an adjective or use the word "more" in addition to the adjective.
6377 To compare three or more things, add "-est" or use the word "most."
6378 That runner is the faster of them all.
6379 That runner is the fastest of them all.
6380 The trombone was the best of the two instruments.
6381 The trombone was the better of the two instruments.
6382 The winter was the more severe of the three.
6383 The winter was the most severe of the three.
6408 Consider using the full form ("she is") rather than the contraction ("she's") when you are comparing.
6409 Catherine is more experienced than he's.
6410 Catherine is more experienced than he is.
6411 Joe is as good a writer as she's.
6412 Joe is as good a writer as she is.
6440 Use the singular form of a unit of measure, such as "inch," "pound," or "gallon," if a specific number modifies that unit of measure.
6441 The twenty-feet giant ate ten steaks every day.
6442 The twenty-foot giant ate ten steaks every day.
6443 The six-gallons jug of water was heavy.
6444 The six-gallon jug of water was heavy.
6472 If you are comparing with a two-syllable adjective add "-er" or "-est" to the end of the adjective, or use the word "more," "most," "less," or "least"
6473 in addition to the adjective. Do not use both options at the same time. If you are comparing with an adjective of more than two syllables, use the
6474 words "more," "most," "less," or "least." Do not add "-er" or "-est."
6475 It is better to be more busier than not.
6476 It is better to be busier than not.
6477 It is better to be more busy than not.
6504 Some words work together in pairs, such as "both/and," "either/or," and "neither/nor." It is incorrect to interchange the parts of these different pairs.
6505 You may have both candy or ice cream.
6506 You may have both candy and ice cream.
6507 You may have either candy or ice cream.
6508 The winter was neither cold or snowy.
6509 The winter was neither cold nor snowy.
6510 The winter was either cold or snowy.
6536 Some words work together in pairs. Use "but also" with the conjunction "not only." "But" by itself is incorrect when paired with
6537 "not only."
6538 The child lost not only his coat but his boots.
6539 The child lost not only his coat but also his boots.
6540 Ice hockey is not only an exciting but a dangerous sport.
6541 Ice hockey is not only an exciting but also a dangerous sport.
6568 If you are using word pairs such as "either/or," or "both/and," place each part of the pair in similar positions within your sentence. For example, if "either" comes
6569 just before a noun, "or" should come just before a noun.
6570 He competed both in 1990 and 1994.
6571 He competed in both 1990 and 1994.
6572 He competed both in 1990 and in 1994.
6573 She called me either on Friday or Saturday.
6574 She called me on either Friday or Saturday.
6575 She called me either on Friday or on Saturday.
6600 Use "when" with "hardly" or "scarcely." It is incorrect to use "than."
6601 Our plane had scarcely landed than they closed the airport.
6602 Our plane had scarcely landed when they closed the airport.
6603 The guests had scarcely arrived than it started to rain.
6604 The guests had scarcely arrived when it started to rain.
6632 Use "than" with "no sooner." It is incorrect to use "when."
6633 We had no sooner gotten home when it started to rain.
6634 We had no sooner gotten home than it started to rain.
6635 No sooner had I fixed one leak when another leak started.
6636 No sooner had I fixed one leak than another leak started.
6664 Although "like" may be used informally as a conjunction, consider replacing "like" with "as" or "as if" for a more formal or traditional tone. "Like" is
6665 acceptable even in formal usage if it follows the verbs "feel," "look," "seem," "sound" and "taste." "Like" is also acceptable if
6666 used as part of a brief comparison, as in "He swam like an otter."
6667 He threw a tantrum like he said he would.
6668 He threw a tantrum as he said he would.
6669 My teacher talks stuffily like he has a cold.
6670 My teacher talks stuffily as if he has a cold.
6696 If your sentence can be interpreted in more than one way, consider inserting "that" within the marked group of words to clarify the meaning.
6697 He will announce today the bus will be late.
6698 He will announce today that the bus will be late.
6699 He will announce that today the bus will be late.
6700 He thought realistically his dog would not pass obedience school.
6701 He thought that realistically his dog would not pass obedience school.
6702 He thought realistically that his dog would not pass obedience school.
6728 Generally, use "nor" rather than "or" in the second part of your sentence when you have used negative words such as "not" or "never"
6729 in the first part of your sentence.
6730 The airline did not lose the bags, or did they damage them.
6731 The airline did not lose the bags, nor did they damage them.
6732 He never learned to swim, or did he want to.
6733 He never learned to swim, nor did he want to.
6760 Some words work together in pairs, such as "neither...nor," "not...or," and "no...or." It is incorrect to interchange the parts of these pairs. If "nor" is
6761 used by itself in the second part of your sentence, be sure the first part of your sentence contains a negative verb. In this case, "not" is paired with "nor"
6762 because "not" is a part of the verb phrase.
6763 He is not a teacher nor a student.
6764 He is neither a teacher nor a student.
6765 He is not a teacher or a student.
6766 He did want to quit the team, nor did anyone expect him to quit.
6767 He did not want to quit the team, nor did anyone expect him to quit.
6792 If you are using "between" to associate two items, join the two items with "and," as in "between a rock and a hard place." It is incorrect to use "or."
6793 To find the driveway, look between the hedge or the mailboxes.
6794 To find the driveway, look between the hedge and the mailboxes.
6795 She found her purse between her jacket or the telephone.
6796 She found her purse between her jacket and the telephone.
6824 If you are comparing one item to another, "different from" is preferable to "different than."
6825 Her dress is different than my mother's dress.
6826 Her dress is different from my mother's dress.
6827 My idea is different than your idea.
6828 My idea is different from your idea.
6856 Although a preposition at the end of a sentence may be used informally, consider deleting or repositioning the preposition for a more formal or traditional tone
6857 I do not know what this tool is for.
6858 I do not know what this tool is.
6859 What ingredients did he cook with?
6860 With what ingredients did he cook?
6888 Although a preposition at the end of a sentence may be used informally, consider deleting the preposition for a more formal or traditional tone.
6889 Where are you flying to?
6890 Where are you flying?
6891 Please ask where the school is at.
6892 Please ask where the school is.
6920 Although "buy off" may be used informally, substitute "buy from" for a more formal or traditional tone.
6921 Buying something off a stranger in the street is not wise.
6922 Buying something from a stranger in the street is not wise.
6923 Be careful not to buy that off someone dishonest.
6924 Be careful not to buy that from someone dishonest.
6952 Although "under" may be used informally when you mean "less than" or "fewer than," consider using "less than" or "fewer than"
6953 for a more formal or traditional tone.
6954 Please buy under 35 pounds of cherries.
6955 Please buy less than 35 pounds of cherries.
6956 We will hire under 60 employees.
6957 We will hire fewer than 60 employees.
6984 Although "prefer X over Y" or "prefer X more than Y" may be used informally, substitute "prefer X to Y" for a more formal or traditional tone.
6985 The teacher prefers one student over the other.
6986 The teacher prefers one student to the other.
6987 Mary prefers kiwis more than mangos.
6988 Mary prefers kiwis to mangos.
7016 Use "angry with" for human beings. Use "angry at" or "angry about" for any non-human object.
7017 Anna was angry at Mary for losing the keys.
7018 Anna was angry with Mary for losing the keys.
7019 Paul was angry with his dogs for ripping up his newspaper.
7020 Paul was angry at his dogs for ripping up his newspaper.
7048 Some words work together in pairs: "inferior to," "superior to," "authority on," "comply with," "centers on," "conform to," "object to,"
7049 and "opposite of." It is incorrect to interchange the parts of these pairs.
7050 This product is inferior than the other one.
7051 This product is inferior to the other one.
7052 This report centers around the southwest regional sales.
7053 This report centers on the southwest regional sales.
7054 Who is an authority about poodles?
7055 Who is an authority on poodles?
7056 The candidate tried to comply to the election regulations.
7057 The candidate tried to comply with the election regulations.
7080 If the marked pronoun comes immediately before a group of words introduced by "that," "which," "what," or "who," the form of the
7081 pronoun needs to reflect its function in relation to that group of words.
7082 It was not they that the class wanted to visit.
7083 It was not them that the class wanted to visit.
7084 It was she whom we elected.
7085 It was her whom we elected.
7112 If the marked pronoun refers back to a subject in your sentence, use the nominative case: "I," "you," "he," "she," "it," "we," or "they."
7113 However, "me," "you," "her," "him," "it," "us," or "them" should follow the infinitive "to be."
7114 The donor was her.
7115 The donor was she.
7116 Anna would never want to be she.
7117 Anna would never want to be her.
7144 For clarity when comparing with "than" or "as," consider adding the implied verb to your sentence. If you are using a pronoun, the form
7145 of your pronoun will also need to change.
7146 Can you tell that he is shorter than her?
7147 Can you tell that he is shorter than she is?
7148 In fourth grade, the twins talk more than any other children.
7149 In fourth grade, the twins talk more than any other children do.
7176 Use "who" or "whoever" as a subject in a sentence. Use "whom" or "whomever" as an object or after a preposition.
7177 Whom reads the magazine?
7178 Who reads the magazine?
7179 Whoever you pick needs to have a strong voice.
7180 Whomever you pick needs to have a strong voice.
7208 It is incorrect to use pronouns such as "myself," "yourself," "herself," "ourselves," and "themselves" alone as subjects, as in
7209 "Andrew and myself went to town." These pronouns may be used as objects, as in "I hit myself," only when the pronoun refers back to the subject.
7210 They heard herself on the radio.
7211 They heard her on the radio.
7212 They saw himself in the store.
7213 They saw him in the store.
7240 "They," "them," and "their" must refer to a plural noun or pronoun.
7241 Each student has their own notebook.
7242 Each student has his or her own notebook.
7243 Students have their own notebook.
7244 If anybody is coming, they had better come now.
7245 If anybody is coming, he or she had better come now.
7272 If you are connecting "I," "we," me," or "us" with a noun or another pronoun, place "I," "we," me," or "us" last.
7273 I and the student have an appointment.
7274 The student and I have an appointment.
7275 Is the dinner for me and you?
7276 Is the dinner for you and me?
7304 Although "same" may be used informally as a pronoun to refer to a noun, replace "same" with "it" for a more formal or traditional tone.
7305 After you have completed the questionnaire, please mail same.
7306 After you have completed the questionnaire, please mail it.
7307 Did you seal the package and address same?
7308 Did you seal the package and address it?
7336 If you express a negative sentiment in two different ways in one sentence, as in "I did not do nothing," your meaning may be unclear. For clarity, consider replacing
7337 one of the negatives with a positive. "Hardly" and "scarcely" should not be paired with another negative word.
7338 I did not do nothing to make the situation worse.
7339 I did not do anything to make the situation worse.
7340 She could not hardly stand the winters.
7341 She could hardly stand the winters.
7342 She could not stand the winters.
7368 Generally, spell out any number that begins a sentence. In addition, spell out any number below 10 in any part of your sentence if the number is not attached to a
7369 measurement or label.
7370 14 people registered for the class.
7371 Fourteen people registered for the class.
7372 There were only 9 students in the entire school.
7373 There were only nine students in the entire school.
7400 Use simple numbers for dates, for numbers after labels (Chapter 5), and for numbers in a list (12 lemons, 5 apples, and 2 bananas).
7401 The next seminar will be held on June fourteen.
7402 The next seminar will be held on June 14.
7403 We drove across the country on Interstate two.
7404 We drove across the country on Interstate 2.
7432 Generally, spell out "percentage" rather than use the symbol.
7433 They donate a large % of the profit to charity.
7434 They donate a large percentage of the profit to charity.
7435 What % of your homework have you completed?
7436 What percentage of your homework have you completed?
7464 For a livelier and more persuasive sentence, consider rewriting your sentence using an active verb (the subject performs the action, as in
7465 "The ball hit Catherine") rather than a passive verb (the subject receives the action, as in "Catherine was hit by the ball"). If you
7466 rewrite with an active verb, consider what the appropriate subject is - "they," "we," or a more specific noun or pronoun.
7467 Juanita was delighted by Michelle.
7468 Michelle delighted Juanita.
7469 Eric was given more work.
7470 The boss gave Eric more work.
7471 The garbage needs to be taken out.
7472 You need to take the garbage out.
7496 Use "a" before a word beginning with a consonant or the sound of a consonant. Use "an" before a word beginning with a vowel or the sound
7497 of a vowel. For abbreviations, use either "a" or "an" depending on the pronunciation of the first letter in the abbreviation, such as "an LMN" or "a UVW."
7498 This is an problem.
7499 This is a problem.
7500 An tear slowly ran down her face.
7501 A tear slowly ran down her face.
7528 Use "either" and "neither" to refer to a choice between two items. Use "any" to refer to one of several items. Use "both" to refer
7529 to only two items. Use "two" rather than "both" to refer to two items out of three or more.
7530 Both of "The Three Stooges" talked.
7531 Two of "The Three Stooges" talked.
7532 Please give me either of the four desserts.
7533 Please give me any of the four desserts.
7560 Use "either" and "neither" to indicate a choice between two items. Use "both" to indicate two items. Use "neither...nor" to compare two items.
7561 Did you know either Larry, Curly, or Moe?
7562 Did you know Larry, Curly, or Moe?
7563 Both Jane, Sue, and Jenny came over last night.
7564 Jane, Sue, and Jenny came over last night.
7565 He likes neither school, sports, nor his job.
7566 He does not like school, sports, or his job.
7592 If you are using a noun that cannot be counted or divided, such as "oil," "happiness," and "furniture," it is incorrect to modify that
7593 noun with "a," "each," "every," "either," or "neither."
7594 Do you have a knowledge of Greek?
7595 Do you have knowledge of Greek?
7596 The toddlers liked to move a furniture.
7597 The toddlers liked to move furniture.
7624 A noun and the words that modify that noun must agree in number.
7625 You may buy this four product.
7626 You may buy these four products.
7627 She will climb these one mountains.
7628 She will climb this one mountain.
7656 A noun and the words that modify that noun must agree in number. Nouns that cannot be counted or divided, such as "oil," "happiness," and "furniture," require singular modifiers.
7657 I found those five money.
7658 I found this money.
7659 I found those five pieces of money.
7660 She loved these two pasta.
7661 She loved these two types of pasta.
7662 She loved this pasta.
7688 If you are using a number to modify a noun, be sure the noun agrees with the number. Any number greater than one must modify a plural noun. "Kinds of" and
7689 "sorts of" are preferable to "kind of" and "sort of" if you are completing the phrase with a plural noun.
7690 Five boy were happy.
7691 Five boys were happy.
7692 I cannot stay awake in these sort of meetings.
7693 I cannot stay awake in these sorts of meetings.
7720 A noun and the words that modify that noun must agree in number. "Many" and "few" modify plural nouns. "Much" and "less" modify nouns that cannot be counted
7721 or divided such as "much oil," "less happiness." In addition, the phrase "one of" must modify a plural noun.
7722 The town had less rentals last year.
7723 The town had fewer rentals last year.
7724 Five furniture were bought for the office.
7725 Five pieces of furniture were bought for the office.
7726 Furniture was bought for the office.
7727 One of the business expanded.
7728 One of the businesses expanded.
7752 A noun and the words that modify that noun must agree in number. Some nouns can be used in either a singular or a plural sense. In these cases,
7753 consider how you are using the marked noun before choosing a modifier.
7754 Have you heard of these innovation?
7755 Have you heard of these innovations?
7756 Have you heard of this innovation?
7757 He does not have many time left in his schedule.
7758 He does not have much time left in his schedule.
7759 He does not have many times left in his schedule.
7784 Use "the entire" for "all" or "all of" when you mean a total or the whole of a singular item, as in "the entire apple." Use "all" or "all of"
7785 when you mean more than one item, as in "all businesses."
7786 After the party, all the house was a mess.
7787 After the party, the entire house was a mess.
7788 All of the store was renovated.
7789 The entire store was renovated.
7816 Although "various of" may be used informally, substitute "several of" for a more formal and traditional tone.
7817 Various of the salespeople spoke at the meeting.
7818 Several of the salespeople spoke at the meeting.
7819 They were interested in various of the new cars.
7820 They were interested in several of the new cars.
7848 Use "less than" to refer to one countable item or less. Use "fewer than" to refer to more than one countable item, such as "houses" or "dogs."
7849 He spent fewer than one day cramming for the exam.
7850 He spent less than one day cramming for the exam.
7851 In one week, they drank fewer than 1/2 a gallon of milk.
7852 In one week, they drank less than 1/2 a gallon of milk.
7880 Generally, a noun requires only one modifying pronoun, such as "his," "hers," "my," "their" or "our." Consider deleting one of the marked pronouns.
7881 She asked him where his her tools were.
7882 She asked him where her tools were.
7883 She asked him where his tools were.
7884 Her our vacation was wonderful.
7885 Our vacation was wonderful.
7886 Her vacation was wonderful.
7912 Only one of the marked words is necessary to signal that a noun follows.
7913 The a distance runner must practice every day.
7914 A distance runner must practice every day.
7915 The distance runner must practice every day.
7916 The this pie was the best he had ever baked.
7917 This pie was the best he had ever baked.
7918 The pie was the best he had ever baked.
7944 Consider whether one of the two marked words is necessary to the meaning of your sentence or whether these words are in the correct order.
7945 The of road of life has many detours.
7946 The road of life has many detours.
7947 The we chefs have not yet made the eclairs.
7948 The chefs have not yet made the eclairs.
7949 We chefs have not yet made the eclairs.
7976 For correct usage, you may need to reword your sentence by adding a preposition directly after the marked verb or by substituting a more appropriate verb. It is incorrect
7977 to put a direct object after the marked verb.
7978 Erica listened all sides.
7979 Erica listened to all sides.
7980 Erica evaluated all sides.
7981 The new witness emerged the truth.
7982 The new witness emerged with the truth.
7983 The new witness told the truth.
8008 You may be confusing the marked verb with a similar sounding verb. Some verbs must have a direct object to complete their action and to make
8009 sense in a sentence, while other verbs cannot take a direct object.
8010 The new student adopted to the class.
8011 The new student adapted to the class.
8012 Julie lays on the couch.
8013 Julie lies on the couch.
8040 Certain verbs must be followed by a gerund (the "ing" form of a verb) rather than an infinitive ("to" plus the verb).
8041 She cannot risk to hire this person.
8042 She cannot risk hiring this person.
8043 Barbara suggests to go to a Japanese restaurant.
8044 Barbara suggests going to a Japanese restaurant.
8072 Your sentence may contain an incorrectly formed verb tense. For correct usage, you may need to change the marked word.
8073 They had never be in love or in hate.
8074 They had never been in love or in hate.
8075 Andrea may taking Stephen home.
8076 Andrea may take Stephen home.
8104 If you are forming an infinitive, use the base verb form after "to."
8105 To captured a larger market share will be challenging.
8106 To capture a larger market share will be challenging.
8107 She wanted to sat down.
8108 She wanted to sit down.
8136 After certain auxiliary verbs such as "can" or "may," it is incorrect to use the "ing" form of the main verb.
8137 Is it true that the broker cannot rewriting the contract?
8138 Is it true that the broker cannot rewrite the contract?
8168 Although "might could" and "may can" may be used informally, substitute "might be able to" or "may be able to" for a more formal
8169 or traditional tone. For the same reason, consider replacing "may shall" or "might should" with "maybe ought to"
8170 The student may can go to the appointment after lunch.
8171 The student may be able to go to the appointment after lunch.
8172 Might I could join you for dinner?
8173 Might I be able to join you for dinner?
8174 May I shall help you with your annual report.
8175 Maybe I ought to help you with your annual report.
8200 Generally, it is incorrect to repeat twice in a row any form of the verb "to be."
8201 Old age is are the most unexpected of all things that can happen in life.
8202 Old age is the most unexpected of all things that can happen in life.
8203 Was is Eleanor happy to turn twenty?
8204 Is Eleanor happy to turn twenty?
8205 Was Eleanor happy to turn twenty?
8232 If you are expressing some form of wish, desire, or uncertainty, use the specific verb form that reflects the mood of uncertainty.
8233 I wish I was home.
8234 I wish I were home.
8235 The manager asked that we are here for the annual meeting.
8236 The manager asked that we be here for the annual meeting.
8237 The gunslinger would have left town sooner if he would have known the sheriff was coming.
8238 The gunslinger would have left town sooner if he had known the sheriff was coming.
8264 Generally, if the first verb of your sentence is in the past tense, all subsequent verbs must be in the past tense.
8265 Dr. Davis wrote that Susan may leave for Calcutta.
8266 Dr. Davis wrote that Susan might leave for Calcutta.
8267 The chemist said that the laboratory can begin renovations soon.
8268 The chemist said that the laboratory could begin renovations soon.
8296 For conciseness, consider shortening the marked verb phrase to the simpler "to" plus the correct main verb form.
8297 Michael would have liked to have seen the movie.
8298 Michael would have liked to see the movie.
8299 Kim would have been sad to have left the party early.
8300 Kim would have been sad to leave the party early.
8328 For correct usage, if the verbs in this sentence share the same subject, consider changing the verbs to the same tense or rewriting your text.
8329 Stephen cooked a shrimp dinner and happily eats it.
8330 Stephen cooks a shrimp dinner and happily eats it.
8331 Stephen cooked a shrimp dinner. Now, he happily eats it.
8332 Anna sent her letter of acceptance and is waiting for a reply.
8333 Anna sent her letter of acceptance and awaited a reply.
8334 Anna sent her letter of acceptance. Today, she is waiting for a reply.
8360 Although "to be able to" may be used informally when you mean "can," consider replacing the phrase with the more concise "can."
8361 This baseball batter was able to be struck out every game.
8362 This baseball batter could be struck out every game.
8363 The math puzzle is able to be solved only by Kim.
8364 The math puzzle can be solved only by Kim.
8392 This sentence may overuse passive verbs (the subject receives the action, as in "Catherine was hit by the ball"). For a more forceful and convincing sentence, consider
8393 changing one or more of these verbs to the active voice (the subject is doing the action, as in "The ball hit Catherine). Alternatively, delete one of the passives.
8394 After the scandal, he was ordered to be put on leave.
8395 After the scandal, he was ordered on leave.
8396 After the scandal, the general ordered him on leave.
8397 All fourth graders are required to be tested.
8398 Teachers give the required test to all fourth graders.
8399 State law requires all fourth graders tested.
8424 Certain verbs cannot be paired with forms of the verb "to be." Use the simplest form of these verbs (without the "ing") when you write about present or past action.
8425 Eric was preferring opera to rock music.
8426 Eric preferred opera to rock music.
8427 Jonathan is needing a break in his studies.
8428 Jonathan needs a break in his studies.
8456 Although "do got" or "does got" may be used informally, replace "got" with "have" for a more formal or traditional tone.
8457 This year, I do got the worst case of flu ever.
8458 This year, I do have the worst case of flu ever.
8459 Julie does got six cats.
8460 Julie does have six cats.
8488 The verb "ought" should be used with "to." In addition, it is incorrect to use "should not/shall not" or "have not/had not" in conjunction with "ought."
8489 You ought be feeling better now.
8490 You ought to be feeling better now.
8491 They should not ought to tease.
8492 They ought not to tease.
8520 For clarity, consider keeping all parts of your verb phrase together. Place any modifying words directly before or after the verb phrase.
8521 You should under no circumstances be out later than 10 P.M.
8522 Under no circumstances should you be out later than 10 P.M.
8523 The Senator has, although one could hardly believe it, been talking for two days in a row.
8524 Although one could hardly believe it, the Senator has been talking for two days in a row.
8552 Although "ain't," "irregardless," or "alright" may be used informally, these words are always incorrect in written text.
8553 It ain't quitting time yet.
8554 It isn't quitting time yet.
8555 Parents always love their children, irregardless of their behavior.
8556 Parents always love their children, regardless of their behavior.
8557 If it's alright with your father, you may go out tonight.
8558 If it's all right with your father, you may go out tonight.
8584 If the marked words are an incomplete thought, consider developing this thought into a complete sentence by adding a subject or a verb or combining this text with
8585 another sentence.
8586 Meteors the entire night.
8587 We watched meteors the entire night.
8588 A rose by any other name.
8589 A rose by any other name still smells sweet.
8616 If you are using a singular noun to indicate possession, use an apostrophe before the "s." If you are using a plural noun, use an apostrophe after the "s."
8617 Both neighbors dogs barked all night long.
8618 Both neighbors' dogs barked all night long.
8619 Ice hockey is Toms favorite sport.
8620 Ice hockey is Tom's favorite sport.
8648 The correct possessive form of "each other" is "each other's."
8649 The cat and the dog ate each others' food.
8650 The cat and the dog ate each other's food.
8651 The students did each others' homework.
8652 The students did each other's homework.
8680 If the marked noun modifies another noun, keep that marked noun singular even if the second noun is plural. For example, use "sugar substitute" or "sugar substitutes"
8681 but not "sugars substitutes." Alternatively, if the marked noun is possessive add an apostrophe.
8682 The tests results were positive.
8683 The test results were positive.
8684 The books convention was a huge success.
8685 The book convention was a huge success.
8712 If the marked word is plural but not possessive, you do not need an apostrophe before the "s."
8713 The regulation benefits many company's.
8714 The regulation benefits many companies.
8715 They had guest's for the weekend.
8716 They had guests for the weekend.
8744 If the marked word is possessive, you may need to specify, for clarity, "what" or "who" is owned or possessed.
8745 We always have Thanksgiving dinner at Aunt Lois'.
8746 We always have Thanksgiving dinner at Aunt Lois' house.
8747 The best place to buy oranges is Sue's.
8748 The best place to buy oranges is Sue's fruit market.
8776 If you are indicating joint ownership with two or more nouns, use the possessive form only once. Alternatively, if you are indicating separate ownership, use the
8777 possessive form of each noun.
8778 Jack's and Laura's new house is almost ready.
8779 Jack and Laura's new house is almost ready.
8780 Bob's and Joe's boat is not running very well.
8781 Bob and Joe's boat is not running very well.
8808 If you are indicating joint ownership with two or more nouns, use the possessive form only once. Alternatively, if you are indicating separate ownership, use the
8809 possessive form of each noun.
8810 Tom and Joan's kids all moved to Arizona.
8811 Tom's and Joan's kids all moved to Arizona.
8840 Although non-living objects may be given a possessive form informally, indicate ownership with "of" for a more formal or traditional tone.
8841 The library's video policy is strict.
8842 The video policy of the library is strict.
8843 Try my favorite restaurant's chocolate pie.
8844 Try the chocolate pie of my favorite restaurant.
8872 When a pronoun precedes "else," add an " 's" to "else." It is incorrect to use the possessive form of the pronoun.
8873 Everyone thought the accident was everyone's else fault.
8874 Everyone thought the accident was everyone else's fault.
8875 Whose else's umbrella could that be?
8876 Who else's umbrella could that be?
8904 You may have an unnecessary punctuation mark or a misplaced punctuation mark.
8905 I am not sure;, I think this is Bach.
8906 I am not sure; I think this is Bach.
8907 "Who are you?", I asked.
8908 "Who are you?" I asked.
8936 Capitalize the first word of a sentence.
8937 it usually snows in November.
8938 It usually snows in November.
8939 does this book belong to you or to the library?
8940 Does this book belong to you or to the library?
8968 Generally, words in a sentence should have only one space between them.
8969 The line was extra long.
8970 The line was extra long.
8971 She laughed all the way to the bank.
8972 She laughed all the way to the bank.
9000 Use at least one space after most punctuation. However, it is incorrect to insert a space after an opening parenthesis or an opening bracket.
9001 Take these charts,reports,and memos to the copier.
9002 Take these charts, reports, and memos to the copier.
9003 He did not get a good grade on his ( somewhat plagiarized) paper.
9004 He did not get a good grade on his (somewhat plagiarized) paper.
9032 Place most punctuation directly after the preceding word. However, do place a space directly before an opening parenthesis or an opening bracket.
9033 Everybody wants more parking , better food , and flexible hours.
9034 Everybody wants more parking, better food, and flexible hours.
9035 The memo said the picnic (employees only ) has been rescheduled.
9036 The memo said the picnic (employees only) has been rescheduled.
9064 If you want the marked group of words to be one sentence, the marked comma may be unnecessarily separating parts of your sentence and should be removed. If you want
9065 the marked group of words to be two sentences, replace the comma with a period.
9066 I hope, that should do it.
9067 I hope that should do it.
9068 I hope. That should do it.
9096 If the marked comma does not contribute to the clarity of your sentence, consider removing the comma.
9097 Mary liked, to read and eat oranges in bed.
9098 Mary liked to read and eat oranges in bed.
9099 We wanted, to visit the Eiffel Tower.
9100 We wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower.
9128 If the marked comma is separating two complete but related sentences, replace the comma with a semicolon. If the second half of your sentence begins with "then," add
9129 "and" before "then." In this case, use a comma to separate the two groups of words.
9130 She did not create these charts, this is not her team's project.
9131 She did not create these charts; this is not her team's project.
9132 He made all the prizes, then he handed them out.
9133 He made all the prizes, and then he handed them out.
9160 If you want the marked group of words to be two separate sentences, replace the comma with a period. If you want the group of words to be one sentence, replace
9161 the comma with a semicolon or add a conjunction such as "and" or "but."
9166 Robert began to play Mozart, it was beautiful.
9167 Robert began to play Mozart; it was beautiful.
9168 Robert began to play Mozart. It was beautiful.
9169 Robert began to play Mozart, and it was beautiful.
9192 If your sentence contains a group of words that is not essential to the meaning of your sentence, enclose the entire group of words with a pair of commas. It is incorrect
9193 to use only one comma.
9194 The soda, which Larry had shaken exploded all over his mother.
9195 The soda, which Larry had shaken, exploded all over his mother.
9196 His mother, who usually laughed at his jokes put Larry in his room.
9197 His mother, who usually laughed at his jokes, put Larry in his room.
9224 If your sentence is modified by a group of words that begins with "which," for clarity, use a comma before "which" to separate that group of words.
9225 He reads these essays which is nice.
9226 He reads these essays, which is nice.
9227 I want these books which is nice.
9228 I want these books, which is nice.
9256 It is incorrect to use a comma to separate a verb from its complement (a word or phrase that comes after a verb and completes the meaning of the subject or the verb).
9257 The play had, exciting sword fights.
9258 The play had exciting sword fights.
9259 The actors told, us the swords were real.
9260 The actors told us the swords were real.
9288 If you have placed the subject of your sentence directly next to the verb, it is incorrect to use a comma to separate the subject and verb.
9289 The dog, ate my homework again.
9290 The dog ate my homework again.
9291 His excuses, were not very original.
9292 His excuses were not very original.
9320 If you are using a conjunction to connect only two items, it is incorrect to use a comma before the conjunction. In addition, if you are using a conjunction
9321 to add a phrase that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence, it is incorrect to use a comma before the conjunction.
9322 Meng, and Kim are hiking across Ireland.
9323 Meng and Kim are hiking across Ireland.
9324 Two books of fiction, and a book of poetry were on the table.
9325 Two books of fiction and a book of poetry were on the table.
9352 The correct form for writing a date is "month day, year" or "month year." It is incorrect to put a comma between the month and the day, or between the month and the year.
9353 He graduated in May, 1995.
9354 He graduated in May 1995.
9355 She wrote the letter on July, 15, 1994.
9356 She wrote the letter on July 15, 1994.
9384 If the phrase beginning with "as" explains a situation, separate that phrase with a comma.
9385 The sales report is important as we want to monitor sales.
9386 The sales report is important, as we want to monitor sales.
9387 The horse could not run as it was lame.
9388 The horse could not run, as it was lame.
9416 It is unnecessary to use a comma after "but."
9417 He studied diligently, but, he failed the exam anyway.
9418 He studied diligently, but he failed the exam anyway.
9419 The movie has great actors, but, the plot is weak.
9420 The movie has great actors, but the plot is weak.
9448 If this sentence is a question, use a question mark to end the sentence.
9449 Who is that man in the black coat.
9450 Who is that man in the black coat?
9451 Can you use chopsticks.
9452 Can you use chopsticks?
9480 Consider rewording this question for a more formal or traditional tone.
9481 What if she receives the promotion?
9482 What will happen if she receives the promotion?
9483 You saw whom?
9484 Whom did you see?
9512 If the marked semicolon does not join two groups of words that would make sense as separate sentences, replace the semicolon with a comma. Alternatively, delete the
9513 semicolon and use no punctuation.
9514 They explored the ruins; in addition to the silver mine.
9515 They explored the ruins, in addition to the silver mine.
9516 We did not sail; because it was too calm a day.
9517 We did not sail because it was too calm a day.
9544 Use a colon after a complete sentence to set off a list. It is incorrect to use a colon to set off a quotation.
9545 The breakfast specials are: blueberry pancakes and broccoli quiche.
9546 The breakfast specials are blueberry pancakes and broccoli quiche.
9547 The CEO said: We will expand our base in the next six months.
9548 The CEO said, "We will expand our base in the next six months."
9576 It is incorrect to introduce a direct quote with "that." If you want to indirectly quote a source, use "that," reword the quotation in your own words, and delete
9577 the quotation marks.
9578 Richard said that "You could hear the sea in this shell."
9579 Richard said, "You could hear the sea in this shell."
9580 Richard said that you could hear the sea in this shell.
9581 Susan exclaimed that "There are the harbor seals!"
9582 Susan exclaimed, "There are the harbor seals!"
9583 Susan exclaimed that she saw the harbor seals!
9608 Use a comma as well as quotation marks to separate the quote from the rest of your sentence.
9609 Catherine cried "I am so happy to see you."
9610 Catherine cried, "I am so happy to see you."
9640 If the marked group of words is essential to the meaning of your sentence, use "that" to introduce the group of words. Do not use a comma. If these
9641 words are not essential to the meaning of your sentence, use "which" and separate the words with a comma.
9642 Did you learn the dance, that is from Guatemala?
9643 Did you learn the dance, which is from Guatemala?
9644 Did you learn the dance that is from Guatemala?
9645 We want to buy the photo which Harry took.
9646 We want to buy the photo, which Harry took.
9647 We want to buy the photo that Harry took.
9672 Although "the way how" may be used informally, consider using "the way that" or "the way in which" for a more formal or traditional tone.
9673 She described the way how she obtained an interview.
9674 She described the way that she obtained an interview.
9675 She described the way in which she obtained an interview.
9676 Do you know the way how the company circulates resumes?
9677 Do you know the way that the company circulates resumes?
9678 Do you know the way in which the company circulates resumes?
9704 Although "the way how to" plus a verb, as in "the way how to go," may be used informally, consider using "the way to" plus a verb for a more
9705 formal or traditional tone.
9706 She taught me the way how to write a budget.
9707 She taught me the way to write a budget.
9708 Michael told him the way how to get to Pikes Peak.
9709 Michael told him the way to get to Pikes Peak.
9736 It is unnecessary to use "that" after "whatever" or "whichever."
9737 Send me whatever information that you think I need.
9738 Send me whatever information you think I need.
9739 Did you find whichever article that the teacher assigned?
9740 Did you find whichever article the teacher assigned?
9768 Generally, use "who" or "whom" to refer to people. Use "that" or "which" to refer to anything non-human.
9769 She bought the desk, whom he was selling.
9770 She bought the desk, which he was selling.
9771 They saw the play who got good reviews.
9772 They saw the play that got good reviews.
9800 If the marked words are an incomplete thought, consider developing this thought into a complete sentence by adding a subject or a verb or combining this text with
9801 another sentence.
9802 Since we were late anyway.
9803 Since we were late anyway, I ordered another cup of coffee.
9804 Ordered a hot pastrami sandwich.
9805 Catherine ordered a hot pastrami sandwich.
9832 If this group of words is a question, add a question mark. Otherwise, these words may be expressing an incomplete thought that should be developed into a complete sentence
9833 by adding a subject or a verb.
9834 Which is the hardest blow.
9835 Which is the hardest blow?
9836 This is the hardest blow.
9837 Which was the most difficult part of the test.
9838 Which was the most difficult part of the test?
9839 This was the most difficult part of the test.
9864 If you intended this group of words to be two sentences, add a period in the appropriate place. The first word of both sentences should be capitalized.
9896 If you are listing three or more items in a row, consider replacing all but the last of the conjunctions with a comma. Place a comma before
9897 the remaining conjunction, removing repetitive subjects or verbs if necessary.
9898 Graphs or tables or lists could all be ways to illustrate your point.
9899 Graphs, tables, or lists could all be ways to illustrate your point.
9900 We hoed and we sowed and then we reaped.
9901 We hoed, we sowed, and then we reaped.
9928 If your sentence includes a statement about a question, rather than a direct question, end your sentence with a period rather than a question mark. Generally,
9929 statements end with a period.
9930 I wonder where the movie is playing?
9931 I wonder where the movie is playing.
9932 Soccer is a popular sport in Japan?
9933 Soccer is a popular sport in Japan.
9934 Is soccer a popular sport in Japan?
9960 If you want to give certain parts of your sentence equal emphasis, construct these parts in a similar fashion. Repetition of word patterns or key words will make your
9961 sentence more balanced and easier to read.
9962 I do not know the person's name or how to contact her.
9963 I do not know the person's name or telephone number.
9964 I do not know how to find her name or how to contact her.
9965 She told the receptionist her name and where she was from.
9966 She told the receptionist her name and the name of her company.
9967 She told the receptionist what her name was and where she was from.
9992 If you are using a conjunction such as "and" to connect two groups of words that have conflicting purposes, such as a question and a statement, consider rewriting
9993 as separate sentences. Alternatively, consider rewording your sentence to clarify your intent.
9994 It is snowing and do you have your car?
9995 It is snowing. Do you have your car?
9996 Does she teach English or perhaps she teaches German?
9997 Does she teach English or German?
9998 Go home and lunch is served.
9999 Go home. Your lunch is served.
10024 If you are using more than one verb in your sentence, be sure all the verbs are either active (the subject performs the action, as in "The ball hit Catherine") or passive
10025 (the subject receives the action, as in "Catherine was hit by the ball").
10026 The thief broke into the house and was caught by the police.
10027 The thief broke into the house, and the police caught him.
10028 Gail took down the book and was carried away by the love story.
10029 Gail took down the book, and the love story carried her away.
10056 If the introductory phrase of your sentence cannot sensibly modify the subject, consider clarifying your sentence by replacing the subject.
10057 Having run her marathon, it was time to be lazy.
10058 Having run her marathon, Martha decided it was time to be lazy.
10059 Having missed my ride, it was too late for the meeting.
10060 Having missed my ride, I was too late for the meeting.
10088 The verb of a sentence must agree with the subject in number and in person.
10089 What was Stephen and Laura like as schoolchildren?
10090 What were Stephen and Laura like as schoolchildren?
10091 Tom watch the snowy egret stab at the fish.
10092 Tom watches the snowy egret stab at the fish.
10120 The verb of a sentence must agree with the subject in number and in person.
10121 Joe drunk a pint of cold milk.
10122 Joe had drunk a pint of cold milk.
10123 Joe drank a pint of cold milk.
10124 I going to the store.
10125 I am going to the store.
10126 I go to the store.
10152 Generally, the subject of a sentence must agree in number with its complement. In the sentence "Dolphins are animals," "dolphins" is the subject and "animals" is
10153 the complement.
10154 These boys are the best player.
10155 These boys are the best players.
10156 She has been the winners for the past five years.
10157 She has been the winner for the past five years.
10184 Generally, phrases such as "the one" use singular verbs.
10185 He is the only one of the soccer players who have gone to the World Cup.
10186 He is the only one of the soccer players who has gone to the World Cup.
10187 Jennifer is the youngest one of the engineers who have been promoted.
10188 Jennifer is the youngest one of the engineers who has been promoted.
10216 The marked word or phrase may be overused or unnecessary to the meaning of your sentence. For a more forceful and convincing sentence, consider replacing or
10217 shortening the word or phrase.
10218 Johann got up at the crack of dawn the day he asked Suki to marry him.
10219 Johann got up at dawn the day he asked Suki to marry him.
10220 The only stumbling block for Suki was that she loved Roger.
10221 The only obstacle for Suki was that she loved Roger.
10248 Although "this here" or "that there" may be used informally, delete "here" for a more traditional or formal tone.
10249 This here land has plenty of oil.
10250 This land has plenty of oil.
10251 I only have that there condominium left to sell.
10252 I only have that condominium left to sell.
10280 Although "way," "way too," "real," "mighty," "plenty," and "awfully" may be used informally, consider rewording your sentence for a more formal or traditional tone.
10281 Maria was awfully nervous before her first violin concert.
10282 Maria was very nervous before her first violin concert.
10283 Paul ran mighty fast when he heard there were extra servings of ice cream.
10284 Paul ran very fast when he heard there were extra servings of ice cream.
10312 Although "all that" or "not all that" may be used informally, substitute "very" or "not very" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10313 It is not all that hard to pass the typing test.
10314 It is not very hard to pass the typing test.
10315 This new book is not all that difficult to read.
10316 This new book is not very difficult to read.
10344 It is incorrect to use "better" alone as a verb. For clarity and correct usage, substitute "had better."
10345 She better finish the report before the deadline.
10346 She had better finish the report before the deadline.
10347 The report better be correct.
10348 The report had better be correct.
10376 For clarity, avoid using two possessives in a row.
10377 Her boyfriend's mother's cooking is delicious.
10378 Her boyfriend's mother cooks very well.
10379 The little boy's dog's collar is blue.
10380 The collar of the little boy's dog is blue.
10408 Certain adjectives, such as "empty," "final," "perfect," unique," and "equal," cannot be modified. For example, if something is "perfect," it cannot
10409 become "more perfect." For clarity and logic, consider removing the marked word.
10410 Baryshnikov's artistic sense is very unique among his peers.
10411 Baryshnikov's artistic sense is unique among his peers.
10412 The president's decision is completely final.
10413 The president's decision is final.
10440 Although "anyplace" or "someplace" may be used informally, substitute "anywhere" or "somewhere" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10441 However, if you are referring to a specific location, "any place" or "some place" is correct.
10442 He wants to live someplace warm.
10443 He wants to live somewhere warm.
10444 Anyplace she works becomes more efficient.
10445 Any place she works becomes more efficient.
10446 Anywhere she works becomes more efficient.
10472 Substitute the appropriate form of the verb "to be" for "get" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10473 It takes courage to look for a job after getting turned down.
10474 It takes courage to look for a job after being turned down.
10475 The dog gets fed twice a day.
10476 The dog is fed twice a day.
10504 Although "this" or "these" may be used informally, consider one of the suggestions for a more formal or traditional tone.
10505 She has this voice that is very soothing.
10506 She has a voice that is very soothing.
10507 She has the voice that is very soothing.
10508 These friends of hers have six cats.
10509 Friends of hers have six cats.
10510 Some friends of hers have six cats.
10536 Although "till" may be used informally, substitute "until" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10537 I talked to him till he changed his mind.
10538 I talked to him until he changed his mind.
10539 She waited till midnight, but he did not return.
10540 She waited until midnight, but he did not return.
10568 It is incorrect to use "very" directly in front of certain verbs. Consider substituting "much."
10569 The past should be very remembered.
10570 The past should be much remembered.
10571 During the panel discussion, the business was very applauded.
10572 During the panel discussion, the business was much applauded.
10600 Although "is when" and "is where" may be used informally, reword your sentence for a more formal or traditional tone.
10601 An election is where voters choose representatives by ballot.
10602 An election is the process of choosing representatives by ballot.
10603 Dinner is when we talk the most.
10604 We talk the most at dinner.
10632 Although "scared of" may be used informally, substitute "afraid of" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10633 Many children are scared of the dark.
10634 Many children are afraid of the dark.
10635 The puppies are scared of loud noises.
10636 The puppies are afraid of loud noises.
10664 Use "couple" with "of" if you mean "a few."
10665 Every couple minutes the audience gave him a standing ovation.
10666 Every couple of minutes the audience gave him a standing ovation.
10667 It rains here every couple days.
10668 It rains here every couple of days.
10696 Unless you are using "got" for emphasis, delete "got" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10697 We have not got a problem with this deadline.
10698 We do not have a problem with this deadline.
10699 Don't you think I have got to win the lottery sometime?
10700 Don't you think I have to win the lottery sometime?
10728 Although "try and" may be used informally, substitute "try to" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10729 We will try and watch the orangutans in the morning when they are the liveliest.
10730 We will try to watch the orangutans in the morning when they are the liveliest.
10731 Sometimes it feels good to try and please others.
10732 Sometimes it feels good to try to please others.
10760 Although "the reason is because" may be used informally, substitute "the reason is that" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10761 The reason the building survived is because it was constructed well.
10762 The reason the building survived is that it was constructed well.
10763 The reason there was an earthquake was because the plates of the earth shifted.
10764 The reason there was an earthquake was that the plates of the earth shifted.
10792 Although "how come" may be used informally, substitute "why" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10793 How come the computer always breaks down the day before a deadline?
10794 Why does the computer always break down the day before a deadline?
10795 How come Maria likes only pistachio ice cream?
10796 Why does Maria like only pistachio ice cream?
10824 Although "a lot of" or "lots of" may be used informally, substitute "many" or "much" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10825 A lot of people were involved in planning the new stadium.
10826 Many people were involved in planning the new stadium.
10827 The child has lots of friends.
10828 The child has many friends.
10856 Although the marked word or words may be appropriate for some situations and styles of writing, consider the suggestion for a more formal or traditional tone.
10857 He has the know-how to be an instructor, but not the personality.
10858 He has the expertise to be an instructor, but not the personality.
10859 The proposal for the new business may be a one-shot offer.
10860 The proposal for the new business may be a one-time offer.
10888 Although phrases such as "Where on earth" or "What the heck" may be used informally, reword your sentence for a more formal or traditional tone.
10889 Where on earth have you been?
10890 Where have you been?
10891 What the heck did you think you were doing?
10892 What did you think you were doing?
10920 Although "kind of" or "sort of" may be used informally, substitute "somewhat" for a more formal or traditional tone.
10921 She was kind of complimentary.
10922 She was somewhat complimentary.
10923 They were sort of unhappy.
10924 They were somewhat unhappy.
10952 Although verb contractions may be used informally, substitute the full form of the verb phrase for a more traditional or formal tone.
10953 He'll succeed where others have failed.
10954 He will succeed where others have failed.
10955 Lately, I've been reading Shakespeare.
10956 Lately, I have been reading Shakespeare.
10984 Although the marked word or phrase may be acceptable in some situations, consider the suggestion that includes both men and women.
10985 They designed the cooking class for housewives.
10986 They designed the cooking class for homemakers.
10987 Have you seen the new stewardess?
10988 Have you seen the new flight attendant?
10989 Have you seen the new steward?
11016 Generally, it is incorrect to add "-wise" to the end of a word. Use the substitution "with respect to" or reword your sentence.
11017 Eating-wise, my toddler will nibble only on avocados.
11018 With respect to eating, my toddler will nibble only on avocados.
11019 Driving-wise, Tony has only crashed twice during his lessons.
11020 With respect to driving, Tony has only crashed twice during his lessons.
11048 Although "accompanying" may be used informally, substitute "enclosed" for a more formal or traditional tone.
11049 Please read the accompanying document.
11050 Please read the enclosed document.
11051 He reads the accompanying letter carefully.
11052 He reads the enclosed letter carefully.
11080 Although the marked word or phrase may be used in some situations, use the suggested replacement for a more formal or traditional tone.
11081 We spent on the order of $200 making repairs.
11082 We spent approximately $200 making repairs.
11083 In lieu of accepting feedback, the headhunter terminated the office assistant.
11084 Instead of accepting responses, the recruiter fired the office assistant.
11112 Although sentences beginning with "and," "but," "or," or "plus" may be used informally, use the suggested replacement for a more formal or traditional tone.
11113 Plus regional sales are up this quarter.
11114 In addition, regional sales are up this quarter.
11115 Moreover, regional sales are up this quarter.
11116 But we could go to the movies.
11117 Nevertheless, we could go to the movies.
11118 However, we could go the movies.
11144 Although sentences beginning with "also," "too," "so," or "though" may be used informally, use the suggested replacement for a more formal or traditional tone.
11145 Too, Bruce planted a variety of hollyhocks.
11146 In addition, Bruce planted a variety of hollyhocks.
11147 Though, Debbie prefers his roses.
11148 However, Debbie prefers his roses.
11176 Although "plus" may be used informally to join two complete sentences, substitute "in addition" for a more formal or traditional tone.
11177 The children cooked dinner plus they cleaned the house.
11178 The children cooked dinner; in addition, they cleaned the house.
11179 The cat tipped over the milk, plus he stole the cheese.
11180 The cat tipped over the milk; in addition, he stole the cheese.
11208 Although sentences beginning with "hopefully" may be used informally, consider substituting "I hope that" for clarity.
11209 Hopefully, I can photograph the canyon.
11210 I hope that I can photograph the canyon.
11211 Hopefully, my children will buy me a beach house when I grow old.
11212 I hope that my children will buy me a beach house when I grow old.
11240 For clarity, use "not all" rather than "all...not." Use "not every" rather than "every...not." Alternatively, reword your sentence, deleting "not."
11241 All languages are not difficult to learn.
11242 Not all languages are difficult to learn.
11243 No languages are difficult to learn.
11244 Every citizen did not vote in the election.
11245 Not every citizen voted in the election.
11246 No citizen voted in the election.
11272 It may be unclear which word is modified by "more." For clarity, consider rewording your sentence.
11273 The boardroom needs more comfortable furniture.
11274 The boardroom needs more furniture that is comfortable.
11275 The boardroom needs furniture that is more comfortable.
11276 Businesses are looking for more capable employees.
11277 Businesses are looking for employees that are more capable.
11278 Businesses are looking for more employees that are capable.
11304 It may be unclear what "more than" is comparing. For clarity, consider extending your sentence.
11305 She encourages Michael more than Barbara.
11306 She encourages Michael more than Barbara does.
11307 She encourages Michael more than she encourages Barbara.
11336 To make your sentence easier to read or to signal a pause, consider using a comma to set off words or phrases (especially introductory words or phrases).
11337 Unfortunately it rained the day of the picnic.
11338 Unfortunately, it rained the day of the picnic.
11339 Once he got home he began to calm down.
11340 Once he got home, he began to calm down.
11368 Generally, "really," "fairly," "pretty," and "absolutely" add no meaning to a sentence and should be deleted.
11369 Ellen is pretty busy with work these days.
11370 Ellen is busy with work these days.
11371 Joe's cooking is absolutely terrible.
11372 Joe's cooking is terrible.
11400 Although verb phrases such as "want for" or "like for" may be used informally, delete "for" for a more formal or traditional tone.
11401 Keiko wanted for her students to be quiet.
11402 Keiko wanted her students to be quiet.
11403 Her students liked for recess to come early.
11404 Her students liked recess to come early.
11432 It is incorrect to use "myself" alone as a subject, as in "Jake and myself went to town," or alone as an object, as in "You will talk only to myself."
11433 The graphic artist showed myself how to color slides.
11434 The graphic artist showed me how to color slides.
11435 Myself felt very lucky that day.
11436 I felt very lucky that day.
11464 You may be using more words than you need to express your idea. Consider deleting words that do not add meaning to your sentence and repositioning
11465 other words for a more forceful and convincing tone.
11466 Teachers often think students who are smart do not have to study hard.
11467 Teachers often think smart students do not have to study hard.
11468 Movies that are scary can be popular with children.
11469 Scary movies can be popular with children.
11496 You may be using more words than you need to express your idea. Consider deleting introductory phrases such as "there is," "there are," "it is," and
11497 "it was" for a more forceful and convincing tone.
11498 There were some days that Mary wished would last forever.
11499 Some days Mary wished would last forever.
11500 It was Mary who reached the peak of Mt. Everest first in her group.
11501 Mary reached the peak of Mt. Everest first in her group.
11528 "To be" is unnecessary in the phrase "consider to be" and should be deleted.
11529 In the folk tale, the mosquito is considered to be the biggest pest.
11530 In the folk tale, the mosquito is considered the biggest pest.
11531 The lion is considered to be wise and fair.
11532 The lion is considered wise and fair.
11560 You may be using more words than you need to express your idea. For a more concise sentence, consider deleting any repetitive words.
11561 Peter had a high fever and also a skin rash.
11562 Peter had a high fever and a skin rash.
11563 He did not stay sick for long, but yet we were worried.
11564 He did not stay sick for long, but we were worried.
11592 If your sentence is phrased in the negative, consider rephrasing it in the positive, deleting "not" or "never," for a more forceful and convincing tone.
11593 Anna does not dislike Julie.
11594 Anna likes Julie.
11595 Anna was never unhappy with Julie's work.
11596 Anna was always happy with Julie's work.
11624 If your sentence is phrased in the negative, consider rephrasing in the positive, deleting "not," "no," or "never" for a more forceful and convincing tone.
11625 The store is not more crowded on Saturday than it is on Sunday.
11626 The store is as crowded on Saturday as it is on Sunday.
11627 The salespeople are not less helpful than usual.
11628 The salespeople are as helpful as always.
11656 Although "whether or not" may be used informally, delete "or not" for a more formal or traditional tone.
11657 Veronica cannot decide whether or not to buy the hazelnuts.
11658 Veronica cannot decide whether to buy the hazelnuts.
11659 Call this number to see whether or not the bus will run.
11660 Call this number to see whether the bus will run.
11688 Although "sure as" may be used informally, substitute "sure that" for a more formal or traditional tone.
11689 Richard is not sure as he wants to go skiing.
11690 Richard is not sure that he wants to go skiing.
11691 Susan was not sure as it was a good idea to leave.
11692 Susan was not sure that it was a good idea to leave.
11720 The construction "possible...may" unnecessarily repeats the idea of possibility. For conciseness, choose either "may" or "possible" and reword your sentence.
11721 It is possible Harry may eat the most meringue pies.
11722 Harry may eat the most meringue pies.
11723 It is possible Harry will eat the most meringue pies.
11724 It is more possible Harry may have a stomachache.
11725 It is more possible Harry will have a stomachache.
11726 Harry may have a stomachache.
11752 You may be using more words than you need to express your idea. Consider replacing the marked word or words with a more concise alternative.
11753 She explained the rules over and over again.
11754 She explained the rules repeatedly.
11755 We will call at such time as we make a decision.
11756 We will call when we make a decision.
11784 You have the option of using a comma before the last item in a list or leaving the comma out. Whatever your choice, it is important to be consistent throughout your text.
11816 When using quotations you have the option to put additional punctuation either inside or outside of your quotation marks. Either choice is correct, but it is
11817 important to be consistent throughout your text.
11848 You have the option of setting the number of spaces (one or two) between your sentences. Whatever your choice, it is important to be consistent throughout your text.
11849 We came. We saw. We conquered.
11850 We came. We saw. We conquered.
11880 Your sentence may be too long to be effective and may be hard to follow. For clarity and conciseness, consider rewording your sentence or splitting it into two sentences.
11912 You may be using too many nouns in a row for an easily understandable sentence. For clarity, consider rewording your sentence.
11913 The 1997 poetry council lecture series attendance was record-breaking.
11914 The attendance of the poetry council's lecture series was record-breaking.
11915 Please give them the school office business hours.
11916 Please give them the business hours of the school office.
11944 You may be using too many modifying phrases for an easily understandable sentence. For clarity and conciseness, consider rewording your sentence or splitting it into
11945 two or more sentences.
11946 The girl with curly hair in the red dress with the bows on the stage between the twins with freckles sings like a lark.
11947 The girl has freckles and curly hair. She is wearing a red dress with bows and is standing between the twins. She sings like a lark.
11976 For clarity or conciseness, consider deleting or repositioning some or all of the words between "to" and the verb it is paired with.
11977 I try to all month long jog each day.
11978 All month long, I try to jog each day.
11979 The team plans to rather quickly complete the first phase.
11980 The team plans to complete the first phase quickly.
12008 For clarity or conciseness, consider deleting or repositioning some of the marked words.
12009 He walked away from in any case changing his life.
12010 In any case, he walked away from changing his life.
12011 They have the satisfaction of from now on knowing Paul is safe.
12012 They have the satisfaction of knowing Paul is safe from now on.
12040 Although using "I," "me," and "mine" is appropriate for many writing styles, technical or formal writing requires a less personal approach.
12041 I believe this theory is the most likely answer.
