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- """A collection of string operations (most are no longer used in Python 1.6).
-
- Warning: most of the code you see here isn't normally used nowadays. With
- Python 1.6, many of these functions are implemented as methods on the
- standard string object. They used to be implemented by a built-in module
- called strop, but strop is now obsolete itself.
-
- Public module variables:
-
- whitespace -- a string containing all characters considered whitespace
- lowercase -- a string containing all characters considered lowercase letters
- uppercase -- a string containing all characters considered uppercase letters
- letters -- a string containing all characters considered letters
- digits -- a string containing all characters considered decimal digits
- hexdigits -- a string containing all characters considered hexadecimal digits
- octdigits -- a string containing all characters considered octal digits
- punctuation -- a string containing all characters considered punctuation
- printable -- a string containing all characters considered printable
-
- """
-
- # Some strings for ctype-style character classification
- whitespace = ' \t\n\r\v\f'
- lowercase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
- uppercase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
- letters = lowercase + uppercase
- ascii_lowercase = lowercase
- ascii_uppercase = uppercase
- ascii_letters = ascii_lowercase + ascii_uppercase
- digits = '0123456789'
- hexdigits = digits + 'abcdef' + 'ABCDEF'
- octdigits = '01234567'
- punctuation = """!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~"""
- printable = digits + letters + punctuation + whitespace
-
- # Case conversion helpers
- # Use str to convert Unicode literal in case of -U
- l = map(chr, xrange(256))
- _idmap = str('').join(l)
- del l
-
- # Backward compatible names for exceptions
- index_error = ValueError
- atoi_error = ValueError
- atof_error = ValueError
- atol_error = ValueError
-
- # convert UPPER CASE letters to lower case
- def lower(s):
- """lower(s) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s converted to lowercase.
-
- """
- return s.lower()
-
- # Convert lower case letters to UPPER CASE
- def upper(s):
- """upper(s) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s converted to uppercase.
-
- """
- return s.upper()
-
- # Swap lower case letters and UPPER CASE
- def swapcase(s):
- """swapcase(s) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s with upper case characters
- converted to lowercase and vice versa.
-
- """
- return s.swapcase()
-
- # Strip leading and trailing tabs and spaces
- def strip(s, chars=None):
- """strip(s [,chars]) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s with leading and trailing
- whitespace removed.
- If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
- If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping.
-
- """
- return s.strip(chars)
-
- # Strip leading tabs and spaces
- def lstrip(s, chars=None):
- """lstrip(s [,chars]) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s with leading whitespace removed.
- If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
-
- """
- return s.lstrip(chars)
-
- # Strip trailing tabs and spaces
- def rstrip(s, chars=None):
- """rstrip(s [,chars]) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s with trailing whitespace removed.
- If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
-
- """
- return s.rstrip(chars)
-
-
- # Split a string into a list of space/tab-separated words
- def split(s, sep=None, maxsplit=-1):
- """split(s [,sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
-
- Return a list of the words in the string s, using sep as the
- delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, splits at no more than
- maxsplit places (resulting in at most maxsplit+1 words). If sep
- is not specified, any whitespace string is a separator.
-
- (split and splitfields are synonymous)
-
- """
- return s.split(sep, maxsplit)
- splitfields = split
-
- # Join fields with optional separator
- def join(words, sep = ' '):
- """join(list [,sep]) -> string
-
- Return a string composed of the words in list, with
- intervening occurrences of sep. The default separator is a
- single space.
-
- (joinfields and join are synonymous)
-
- """
- return sep.join(words)
- joinfields = join
-
- # Find substring, raise exception if not found
- def index(s, *args):
- """index(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
-
- Like find but raises ValueError when the substring is not found.
-
- """
- return s.index(*args)
-
- # Find last substring, raise exception if not found
- def rindex(s, *args):
- """rindex(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
-
- Like rfind but raises ValueError when the substring is not found.
-
- """
- return s.rindex(*args)
-
- # Count non-overlapping occurrences of substring
- def count(s, *args):
- """count(s, sub[, start[,end]]) -> int
-
- Return the number of occurrences of substring sub in string
- s[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are
- interpreted as in slice notation.
-
- """
- return s.count(*args)
-
- # Find substring, return -1 if not found
- def find(s, *args):
- """find(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> in
-
- Return the lowest index in s where substring sub is found,
- such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional
- arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
-
- Return -1 on failure.
-
- """
- return s.find(*args)
-
- # Find last substring, return -1 if not found
- def rfind(s, *args):
- """rfind(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
-
- Return the highest index in s where substring sub is found,
- such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional
- arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
-
- Return -1 on failure.
-
- """
- return s.rfind(*args)
-
- # for a bit of speed
- _float = float
- _int = int
- _long = long
-
- # Convert string to float
- def atof(s):
- """atof(s) -> float
-
- Return the floating point number represented by the string s.
-
- """
- return _float(s)
-
-
- # Convert string to integer
- def atoi(s , base=10):
- """atoi(s [,base]) -> int
-
- Return the integer represented by the string s in the given
- base, which defaults to 10. The string s must consist of one
- or more digits, possibly preceded by a sign. If base is 0, it
- is chosen from the leading characters of s, 0 for octal, 0x or
- 0X for hexadecimal. If base is 16, a preceding 0x or 0X is
- accepted.
-
- """
- return _int(s, base)
-
-
- # Convert string to long integer
- def atol(s, base=10):
- """atol(s [,base]) -> long
-
- Return the long integer represented by the string s in the
- given base, which defaults to 10. The string s must consist
- of one or more digits, possibly preceded by a sign. If base
- is 0, it is chosen from the leading characters of s, 0 for
- octal, 0x or 0X for hexadecimal. If base is 16, a preceding
- 0x or 0X is accepted. A trailing L or l is not accepted,
- unless base is 0.
-
- """
- return _long(s, base)
-
-
- # Left-justify a string
- def ljust(s, width):
- """ljust(s, width) -> string
-
- Return a left-justified version of s, in a field of the
- specified width, padded with spaces as needed. The string is
- never truncated.
-
- """
- return s.ljust(width)
-
- # Right-justify a string
- def rjust(s, width):
- """rjust(s, width) -> string
-
- Return a right-justified version of s, in a field of the
- specified width, padded with spaces as needed. The string is
- never truncated.
-
- """
- return s.rjust(width)
-
- # Center a string
- def center(s, width):
- """center(s, width) -> string
-
- Return a center version of s, in a field of the specified
- width. padded with spaces as needed. The string is never
- truncated.
-
- """
- return s.center(width)
-
- # Zero-fill a number, e.g., (12, 3) --> '012' and (-3, 3) --> '-03'
- # Decadent feature: the argument may be a string or a number
- # (Use of this is deprecated; it should be a string as with ljust c.s.)
- def zfill(x, width):
- """zfill(x, width) -> string
-
- Pad a numeric string x with zeros on the left, to fill a field
- of the specified width. The string x is never truncated.
-
- """
- if not isinstance(x, basestring):
- x = repr(x)
- return x.zfill(width)
-
- # Expand tabs in a string.
- # Doesn't take non-printing chars into account, but does understand \n.
- def expandtabs(s, tabsize=8):
- """expandtabs(s [,tabsize]) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s with all tab characters replaced
- by the appropriate number of spaces, depending on the current
- column, and the tabsize (default 8).
-
- """
- return s.expandtabs(tabsize)
-
- # Character translation through look-up table.
- def translate(s, table, deletions=""):
- """translate(s,table [,deletions]) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s, where all characters occurring
- in the optional argument deletions are removed, and the
- remaining characters have been mapped through the given
- translation table, which must be a string of length 256. The
- deletions argument is not allowed for Unicode strings.
-
- """
- if deletions:
- return s.translate(table, deletions)
- else:
- # Add s[:0] so that if s is Unicode and table is an 8-bit string,
- # table is converted to Unicode. This means that table *cannot*
- # be a dictionary -- for that feature, use u.translate() directly.
- return s.translate(table + s[:0])
-
- # Capitalize a string, e.g. "aBc dEf" -> "Abc def".
- def capitalize(s):
- """capitalize(s) -> string
-
- Return a copy of the string s with only its first character
- capitalized.
-
- """
- return s.capitalize()
-
- # Capitalize the words in a string, e.g. " aBc dEf " -> "Abc Def".
- # See also regsub.capwords().
- def capwords(s, sep=None):
- """capwords(s, [sep]) -> string
-
- Split the argument into words using split, capitalize each
- word using capitalize, and join the capitalized words using
- join. Note that this replaces runs of whitespace characters by
- a single space.
-
- """
- return join(map(capitalize, s.split(sep)), sep or ' ')
-
- # Construct a translation string
- _idmapL = None
- def maketrans(fromstr, tostr):
- """maketrans(frm, to) -> string
-
- Return a translation table (a string of 256 bytes long)
- suitable for use in string.translate. The strings frm and to
- must be of the same length.
-
- """
- if len(fromstr) != len(tostr):
- raise ValueError, "maketrans arguments must have same length"
- global _idmapL
- if not _idmapL:
- _idmapL = map(None, _idmap)
- L = _idmapL[:]
- fromstr = map(ord, fromstr)
- for i in range(len(fromstr)):
- L[fromstr[i]] = tostr[i]
- return join(L, "")
-
- # Substring replacement (global)
- def replace(s, old, new, maxsplit=-1):
- """replace (str, old, new[, maxsplit]) -> string
-
- Return a copy of string str with all occurrences of substring
- old replaced by new. If the optional argument maxsplit is
- given, only the first maxsplit occurrences are replaced.
-
- """
- return s.replace(old, new, maxsplit)
-
-
- # Try importing optional built-in module "strop" -- if it exists,
- # it redefines some string operations that are 100-1000 times faster.
- # It also defines values for whitespace, lowercase and uppercase
- # that match <ctype.h>'s definitions.
-
- try:
- from strop import maketrans, lowercase, uppercase, whitespace
- letters = lowercase + uppercase
- except ImportError:
- pass # Use the original versions
-