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- package charnames;
- use strict;
- use warnings;
- use Carp;
- our $VERSION = '1.01';
-
- use bytes (); # for $bytes::hint_bits
- $charnames::hint_bits = 0x20000;
-
- my %alias1 = (
- # Icky 3.2 names with parentheses.
- 'LINE FEED' => 'LINE FEED (LF)',
- 'FORM FEED' => 'FORM FEED (FF)',
- 'CARRIAGE RETURN' => 'CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)',
- 'NEXT LINE' => 'NEXT LINE (NEL)',
- # Convenience.
- 'LF' => 'LINE FEED (LF)',
- 'FF' => 'FORM FEED (FF)',
- 'CR' => 'CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)',
- 'NEL' => 'NEXT LINE (NEL)',
- # More convenience. For futher convencience,
- # it is suggested some way using using the NamesList
- # aliases is implemented.
- 'ZWNJ' => 'ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER',
- 'ZWJ' => 'ZERO WIDTH JOINER',
- 'BOM' => 'BYTE ORDER MARK',
- );
-
- my %alias2 = (
- # Pre-3.2 compatibility (only for the first 256 characters).
- 'HORIZONTAL TABULATION' => 'CHARACTER TABULATION',
- 'VERTICAL TABULATION' => 'LINE TABULATION',
- 'FILE SEPARATOR' => 'INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR',
- 'GROUP SEPARATOR' => 'INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE',
- 'RECORD SEPARATOR' => 'INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO',
- 'UNIT SEPARATOR' => 'INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE',
- 'PARTIAL LINE DOWN' => 'PARTIAL LINE FORWARD',
- 'PARTIAL LINE UP' => 'PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD',
- );
-
- my $txt;
-
- # This is not optimized in any way yet
- sub charnames
- {
- my $name = shift;
-
- if (exists $alias1{$name}) {
- $name = $alias1{$name};
- }
- if (exists $alias2{$name}) {
- require warnings;
- warnings::warnif('deprecated', qq{Unicode character name "$name" is deprecated, use "$alias2{$name}" instead});
- $name = $alias2{$name};
- }
-
- my $ord;
- my @off;
- my $fname;
-
- if ($name eq "BYTE ORDER MARK") {
- $fname = $name;
- $ord = 0xFEFF;
- } else {
- ## Suck in the code/name list as a big string.
- ## Lines look like:
- ## "0052\t\tLATIN CAPITAL LETTER R\n"
- $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
-
- ## @off will hold the index into the code/name string of the start and
- ## end of the name as we find it.
-
- ## If :full, look for the the name exactly
- if ($^H{charnames_full} and $txt =~ /\t\t\Q$name\E$/m) {
- @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
- }
-
- ## If we didn't get above, and :short allowed, look for the short name.
- ## The short name is like "greek:Sigma"
- unless (@off) {
- if ($^H{charnames_short} and $name =~ /^(.+?):(.+)/s) {
- my ($script, $cname) = ($1,$2);
- my $case = ( $cname =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL");
- if ($txt =~ m/\t\t\U$script\E (?:$case )?LETTER \U\Q$cname\E$/m) {
- @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
- }
- }
- }
-
- ## If we still don't have it, check for the name among the loaded
- ## scripts.
- if (not @off)
- {
- my $case = ( $name =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL");
- for my $script ( @{$^H{charnames_scripts}} )
- {
- if ($txt =~ m/\t\t$script (?:$case )?LETTER \U\Q$name\E$/m) {
- @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
- last;
- }
- }
- }
-
- ## If we don't have it by now, give up.
- unless (@off) {
- carp "Unknown charname '$name'";
- return "\x{FFFD}";
- }
-
- ##
- ## Now know where in the string the name starts.
- ## The code, in hex, is before that.
- ##
- ## The code can be 4-6 characters long, so we've got to sort of
- ## go look for it, just after the newline that comes before $off[0].
- ##
- ## This would be much easier if unicore/Name.pl had info in
- ## a name/code order, instead of code/name order.
- ##
- ## The +1 after the rindex() is to skip past the newline we're finding,
- ## or, if the rindex() fails, to put us to an offset of zero.
- ##
- my $hexstart = rindex($txt, "\n", $off[0]) + 1;
-
- ## we know where it starts, so turn into number -
- ## the ordinal for the char.
- $ord = hex substr($txt, $hexstart, $off[0] - $hexstart);
- }
-
- if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) { # "use bytes" in effect?
- use bytes;
- return chr $ord if $ord <= 255;
- my $hex = sprintf "%04x", $ord;
- if (not defined $fname) {
- $fname = substr $txt, $off[0] + 2, $off[1] - $off[0] - 2;
- }
- croak "Character 0x$hex with name '$fname' is above 0xFF";
- }
-
- no warnings 'utf8'; # allow even illegal characters
- return pack "U", $ord;
- }
-
- sub import
- {
- shift; ## ignore class name
-
- if (not @_)
- {
- carp("`use charnames' needs explicit imports list");
- }
- $^H |= $charnames::hint_bits;
- $^H{charnames} = \&charnames ;
-
- ##
- ## fill %h keys with our @_ args.
- ##
- my %h;
- @h{@_} = (1) x @_;
-
- $^H{charnames_full} = delete $h{':full'};
- $^H{charnames_short} = delete $h{':short'};
- $^H{charnames_scripts} = [map uc, keys %h];
-
- ##
- ## If utf8? warnings are enabled, and some scripts were given,
- ## see if at least we can find one letter of each script.
- ##
- if (warnings::enabled('utf8') && @{$^H{charnames_scripts}})
- {
- $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
-
- for my $script (@{$^H{charnames_scripts}})
- {
- if (not $txt =~ m/\t\t$script (?:CAPITAL |SMALL )?LETTER /) {
- warnings::warn('utf8', "No such script: '$script'");
- }
- }
- }
- }
-
- require Unicode::UCD; # for Unicode::UCD::_getcode()
-
- my %viacode;
-
- sub viacode
- {
- if (@_ != 1) {
- carp "charnames::viacode() expects one argument";
- return ()
- }
-
- my $arg = shift;
- my $code = Unicode::UCD::_getcode($arg);
-
- my $hex;
-
- if (defined $code) {
- $hex = sprintf "%04X", $arg;
- } else {
- carp("unexpected arg \"$arg\" to charnames::viacode()");
- return;
- }
-
- if ($code > 0x10FFFF) {
- carp sprintf "Unicode characters only allocated up to U+10FFFF (you asked for U+%X)", $hex;
- return;
- }
-
- return $viacode{$hex} if exists $viacode{$hex};
-
- $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
-
- if ($txt =~ m/^$hex\t\t(.+)/m) {
- return $viacode{$hex} = $1;
- } else {
- return;
- }
- }
-
- my %vianame;
-
- sub vianame
- {
- if (@_ != 1) {
- carp "charnames::vianame() expects one name argument";
- return ()
- }
-
- my $arg = shift;
-
- return chr hex $1 if $arg =~ /^U\+([0-9a-fA-F]+)$/;
-
- return $vianame{$arg} if exists $vianame{$arg};
-
- $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
-
- my $pos = index $txt, "\t\t$arg\n";
- if ($[ <= $pos) {
- my $posLF = rindex $txt, "\n", $pos;
- (my $code = substr $txt, $posLF + 1, 6) =~ tr/\t//d;
- return $vianame{$arg} = hex $code;
-
- # If $pos is at the 1st line, $posLF must be $[ - 1 (not found);
- # then $posLF + 1 equals to $[ (at the beginning of $txt).
- # Otherwise $posLF is the position of "\n";
- # then $posLF + 1 must be the position of the next to "\n"
- # (the beginning of the line).
- # substr($txt, $posLF + 1, 6) may be "0000\t\t", "00A1\t\t",
- # "10300\t", "100000", etc. So we can get the code via removing TAB.
- } else {
- return;
- }
- }
-
-
- 1;
- __END__
-
- =head1 NAME
-
- charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escapes
-
- =head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- use charnames ':full';
- print "\N{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA} is called sigma.\n";
-
- use charnames ':short';
- print "\N{greek:Sigma} is an upper-case sigma.\n";
-
- use charnames qw(cyrillic greek);
- print "\N{sigma} is Greek sigma, and \N{be} is Cyrillic b.\n";
-
- print charnames::viacode(0x1234); # prints "ETHIOPIC SYLLABLE SEE"
- printf "%04X", charnames::vianame("GOTHIC LETTER AHSA"); # prints "10330"
-
- =head1 DESCRIPTION
-
- Pragma C<use charnames> supports arguments C<:full>, C<:short> and
- script names. If C<:full> is present, for expansion of
- C<\N{CHARNAME}> string C<CHARNAME> is first looked in the list of
- standard Unicode names of chars. If C<:short> is present, and
- C<CHARNAME> has the form C<SCRIPT:CNAME>, then C<CNAME> is looked up
- as a letter in script C<SCRIPT>. If pragma C<use charnames> is used
- with script name arguments, then for C<\N{CHARNAME}> the name
- C<CHARNAME> is looked up as a letter in the given scripts (in the
- specified order).
-
- For lookup of C<CHARNAME> inside a given script C<SCRIPTNAME>
- this pragma looks for the names
-
- SCRIPTNAME CAPITAL LETTER CHARNAME
- SCRIPTNAME SMALL LETTER CHARNAME
- SCRIPTNAME LETTER CHARNAME
-
- in the table of standard Unicode names. If C<CHARNAME> is lowercase,
- then the C<CAPITAL> variant is ignored, otherwise the C<SMALL> variant
- is ignored.
-
- Note that C<\N{...}> is compile-time, it's a special form of string
- constant used inside double-quoted strings: in other words, you cannot
- use variables inside the C<\N{...}>. If you want similar run-time
- functionality, use charnames::vianame().
-
- For the C0 and C1 control characters (U+0000..U+001F, U+0080..U+009F)
- as of Unicode 3.1, there are no official Unicode names but you can use
- instead the ISO 6429 names (LINE FEED, ESCAPE, and so forth). In
- Unicode 3.2 (as of Perl 5.8) some naming changes take place ISO 6429
- has been updated, see L</ALIASES>. Also note that the U+UU80, U+0081,
- U+0084, and U+0099 do not have names even in ISO 6429.
-
- Since the Unicode standard uses "U+HHHH", so can you: "\N{U+263a}"
- is the Unicode smiley face, or "\N{WHITE SMILING FACE}".
-
- =head1 CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
-
- The mechanism of translation of C<\N{...}> escapes is general and not
- hardwired into F<charnames.pm>. A module can install custom
- translations (inside the scope which C<use>s the module) with the
- following magic incantation:
-
- use charnames (); # for $charnames::hint_bits
- sub import {
- shift;
- $^H |= $charnames::hint_bits;
- $^H{charnames} = \&translator;
- }
-
- Here translator() is a subroutine which takes C<CHARNAME> as an
- argument, and returns text to insert into the string instead of the
- C<\N{CHARNAME}> escape. Since the text to insert should be different
- in C<bytes> mode and out of it, the function should check the current
- state of C<bytes>-flag as in:
-
- use bytes (); # for $bytes::hint_bits
- sub translator {
- if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) {
- return bytes_translator(@_);
- }
- else {
- return utf8_translator(@_);
- }
- }
-
- =head1 charnames::viacode(code)
-
- Returns the full name of the character indicated by the numeric code.
- The example
-
- print charnames::viacode(0x2722);
-
- prints "FOUR TEARDROP-SPOKED ASTERISK".
-
- Returns undef if no name is known for the code.
-
- This works only for the standard names, and does not yet apply
- to custom translators.
-
- Notice that the name returned for of U+FEFF is "ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK
- SPACE", not "BYTE ORDER MARK".
-
- =head1 charnames::vianame(name)
-
- Returns the code point indicated by the name.
- The example
-
- printf "%04X", charnames::vianame("FOUR TEARDROP-SPOKED ASTERISK");
-
- prints "2722".
-
- Returns undef if the name is unknown.
-
- This works only for the standard names, and does not yet apply
- to custom translators.
-
- =head1 ALIASES
-
- A few aliases have been defined for convenience: instead of having
- to use the official names
-
- LINE FEED (LF)
- FORM FEED (FF)
- CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)
- NEXT LINE (NEL)
-
- (yes, with parentheses) one can use
-
- LINE FEED
- FORM FEED
- CARRIAGE RETURN
- NEXT LINE
- LF
- FF
- CR
- NEL
-
- One can also use
-
- BYTE ORDER MARK
- BOM
-
- and
-
- ZWNJ
- ZWJ
-
- for ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER and ZERO WIDTH JOINER.
-
- For backward compatibility one can use the old names for
- certain C0 and C1 controls
-
- old new
-
- HORIZONTAL TABULATION CHARACTER TABULATION
- VERTICAL TABULATION LINE TABULATION
- FILE SEPARATOR INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR
- GROUP SEPARATOR INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE
- RECORD SEPARATOR INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO
- UNIT SEPARATOR INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE
- PARTIAL LINE DOWN PARTIAL LINE FORWARD
- PARTIAL LINE UP PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD
-
- but the old names in addition to giving the character
- will also give a warning about being deprecated.
-
- =head1 ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
-
- If you ask by name for a character that does not exist, a warning is
- given and the Unicode I<replacement character> "\x{FFFD}" is returned.
-
- If you ask by code for a character that does not exist, no warning is
- given and C<undef> is returned. (Though if you ask for a code point
- past U+10FFFF you do get a warning.)
-
- =head1 BUGS
-
- Since evaluation of the translation function happens in a middle of
- compilation (of a string literal), the translation function should not
- do any C<eval>s or C<require>s. This restriction should be lifted in
- a future version of Perl.
-
- =cut
-