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- =head1 NAME
-
- Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
-
- =head1 DESCRIPTION
-
- Perl on Win32 contains several functions to access Win32 APIs. Some
- are included in Perl itself (on Win32) and some are only available
- after explicitly requesting the Win32 module with:
-
- use Win32;
-
- The builtin functions are marked as [CORE] and the other ones
- as [EXT] in the following alphabetical listing. The C<Win32> module
- is not part of the Perl source distribution; it is distributed in
- the libwin32 bundle of Win32::* modules on CPAN. The module is
- already preinstalled in binary distributions like ActivePerl.
-
- =head2 Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
-
- =over
-
- =item Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE)
-
- [EXT] Aborts a system shutdown (started by the
- InitiateSystemShutdown function) on the specified MACHINE.
-
- =item Win32::BuildNumber()
-
- [CORE] Returns the ActivePerl build number. This function is
- only available in the ActivePerl binary distribution.
-
- =item Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE)
-
- [CORE] The Win32::CopyFile() function copies an existing file to a new
- file. All file information like creation time and file attributes will
- be copied to the new file. However it will B<not> copy the security
- information. If the destination file already exists it will only be
- overwritten when the OVERWRITE parameter is true. But even this will
- not overwrite a read-only file; you have to unlink() it first
- yourself.
-
- =item Win32::DomainName()
-
- [CORE] Returns the name of the Microsoft Network domain that the
- owner of the current perl process is logged into. This function does
- B<not> work on Windows 9x.
-
- =item Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING)
-
- [EXT] Takes STRING and replaces all referenced environment variable
- names with their defined values. References to environment variables
- take the form C<%VariableName%>. Case is ignored when looking up the
- VariableName in the environment. If the variable is not found then the
- original C<%VariableName%> text is retained. Has the same effect
- as the following:
-
- $string =~ s/%([^%]*)%/$ENV{$1} || "%$1%"/eg
-
- =item Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE)
-
- [CORE] Converts the supplied Win32 error number (e.g. returned by
- Win32::GetLastError()) to a descriptive string. Analogous to the
- perror() standard-C library function. Note that C<$^E> used
- in a string context has much the same effect.
-
- C:\> perl -e "$^E = 26; print $^E;"
- The specified disk or diskette cannot be accessed
-
- =item Win32::FsType()
-
- [CORE] Returns the name of the filesystem of the currently active
- drive (like 'FAT' or 'NTFS'). In list context it returns three values:
- (FSTYPE, FLAGS, MAXCOMPLEN). FSTYPE is the filesystem type as
- before. FLAGS is a combination of values of the following table:
-
- 0x00000001 supports case-sensitive filenames
- 0x00000002 preserves the case of filenames
- 0x00000004 supports Unicode in filenames
- 0x00000008 preserves and enforces ACLs
- 0x00000010 supports file-based compression
- 0x00000020 supports disk quotas
- 0x00000040 supports sparse files
- 0x00000080 supports reparse points
- 0x00000100 supports remote storage
- 0x00008000 is a compressed volume (e.g. DoubleSpace)
- 0x00010000 supports object identifiers
- 0x00020000 supports the Encrypted File System (EFS)
-
- MAXCOMPLEN is the maximum length of a filename component (the part
- between two backslashes) on this file system.
-
- =item Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE)
-
- [EXT] Unloads a previously loaded dynamic-link library. The HANDLE is
- no longer valid after this call. See L<LoadLibrary|Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME)>
- for information on dynamically loading a library.
-
- =item Win32::GetArchName()
-
- [EXT] Use of this function is deprecated. It is equivalent with
- $ENV{PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE}. This might not work on Win9X.
-
- =item Win32::GetChipName()
-
- [EXT] Returns the processor type: 386, 486 or 586 for Intel processors,
- 21064 for the Alpha chip.
-
- =item Win32::GetCwd()
-
- [CORE] Returns the current active drive and directory. This function
- does not return a UNC path, since the functionality required for such
- a feature is not available under Windows 95.
-
- =item Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [, CREATE])
-
- [EXT] Returns the full pathname of one of the Windows special folders.
- The folder will be created if it doesn't exist and the optional CREATE
- argument is true. The following FOLDER constants are defined by the
- Win32 module, but only exported on demand:
-
- CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS
- CSIDL_APPDATA
- CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA
- CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS
- CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA
- CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY
- CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS
- CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES
- CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC
- CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES
- CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS
- CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU
- CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP
- CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES
- CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO
- CSIDL_COOKIES
- CSIDL_DESKTOP
- CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY
- CSIDL_FAVORITES
- CSIDL_FONTS
- CSIDL_HISTORY
- CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE
- CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA
- CSIDL_MYMUSIC
- CSIDL_MYPICTURES
- CSIDL_MYVIDEO
- CSIDL_NETHOOD
- CSIDL_PERSONAL
- CSIDL_PRINTHOOD
- CSIDL_PROFILE
- CSIDL_PROGRAMS
- CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES
- CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON
- CSIDL_RECENT
- CSIDL_RESOURCES
- CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED
- CSIDL_SENDTO
- CSIDL_STARTMENU
- CSIDL_STARTUP
- CSIDL_SYSTEM
- CSIDL_TEMPLATES
- CSIDL_WINDOWS
-
- Note that not all folders are defined on all versions of Windows.
-
- Please refer to the MSDN documentation of the CSIDL constants,
- currently available at:
-
- http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/shellcc/platform/shell/reference/enums/csidl.asp
-
- =item Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME)
-
- [CORE] GetFullPathName combines the FILENAME with the current drive
- and directory name and returns a fully qualified (aka, absolute)
- path name. In list context it returns two elements: (PATH, FILE) where
- PATH is the complete pathname component (including trailing backslash)
- and FILE is just the filename part. Note that no attempt is made to
- convert 8.3 components in the supplied FILENAME to longnames or
- vice-versa. Compare with Win32::GetShortPathName and
- Win32::GetLongPathName.
-
- This function has been added for Perl 5.6.
-
- =item Win32::GetLastError()
-
- [CORE] Returns the last error value generated by a call to a Win32 API
- function. Note that C<$^E> used in a numeric context amounts to the
- same value.
-
- =item Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME)
-
- [CORE] Returns a representation of PATHNAME composed of longname
- components (if any). The result may not necessarily be longer
- than PATHNAME. No attempt is made to convert PATHNAME to the
- absolute path. Compare with Win32::GetShortPathName and
- Win32::GetFullPathName.
-
- This function has been added for Perl 5.6.
-
- =item Win32::GetNextAvailDrive()
-
- [CORE] Returns a string in the form of "<d>:" where <d> is the first
- available drive letter.
-
- =item Win32::GetOSVersion()
-
- [CORE] Returns the array (STRING, MAJOR, MINOR, BUILD, ID), where the
- elements are, respectively: An arbitrary descriptive string, the major
- version number of the operating system, the minor version number, the
- build number, and a digit indicating the actual operating system.
- For the ID, the values are 0 for Win32s, 1 for Windows 9X and 2 for
- Windows NT/2000/XP. In scalar context it returns just the ID.
-
- Currently known values for ID MAJOR and MINOR are as follows:
-
- OS ID MAJOR MINOR
- Win32s 0 - -
- Windows 95 1 4 0
- Windows 98 1 4 10
- Windows Me 1 4 90
- Windows NT 3.51 2 3 51
- Windows NT 4 2 4 0
- Windows 2000 2 5 0
- Windows XP 2 5 1
- Windows .NET Server 2 5 1
-
- Unfortunately as of June 2002 there is no way to distinguish between
- .NET servers and XP servers without using additional modules.
-
- =item Win32::GetOSName()
-
- [EXT] In scalar context returns the name of the Win32 operating system
- being used. In list context returns a two element list of the OS name
- and whatever edition information is known about the particular build
- (for Win9x boxes) and whatever service packs have been installed.
- The latter is roughly equivalent to the first item returned by
- GetOSVersion() in list context.
-
- Currently the possible values for the OS name are
-
- Win32s Win95 Win98 WinMe Win2000 WinXP/.Net WinNT3.51 WinNT4
-
- This routine is just a simple interface into GetOSVersion(). More
- specific or demanding situations should use that instead. Another
- option would be to use POSIX::uname(), however the latter appears to
- report only the OS family name and not the specific OS. In scalar
- context it returns just the ID.
-
- =item Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME)
-
- [CORE] Returns a representation of PATHNAME composed only of
- short (8.3) path components. The result may not necessarily be
- shorter than PATHNAME. Compare with Win32::GetFullPathName and
- Win32::GetLongPathName.
-
- =item Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, PROCNAME)
-
- [EXT] Returns the address of a function inside a loaded library. The
- information about what you can do with this address has been lost in
- the mist of time. Use the Win32::API module instead of this deprecated
- function.
-
- =item Win32::GetTickCount()
-
- [CORE] Returns the number of milliseconds elapsed since the last
- system boot. Resolution is limited to system timer ticks (about 10ms
- on WinNT and 55ms on Win9X).
-
- =item Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown
-
- (MACHINE, MESSAGE, TIMEOUT, FORCECLOSE, REBOOT)
-
- [EXT] Shutsdown the specified MACHINE, notifying users with the
- supplied MESSAGE, within the specified TIMEOUT interval. Forces
- closing of all documents without prompting the user if FORCECLOSE is
- true, and reboots the machine if REBOOT is true. This function works
- only on WinNT.
-
- =item Win32::IsWinNT()
-
- [CORE] Returns non zero if the Win32 subsystem is Windows NT.
-
- =item Win32::IsWin95()
-
- [CORE] Returns non zero if the Win32 subsystem is Windows 95.
-
- =item Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME)
-
- [EXT] Loads a dynamic link library into memory and returns its module
- handle. This handle can be used with Win32::GetProcAddress and
- Win32::FreeLibrary. This function is deprecated. Use the Win32::API
- module instead.
-
- =item Win32::LoginName()
-
- [CORE] Returns the username of the owner of the current perl process.
-
- =item Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE)
-
- [EXT] Looks up ACCOUNT on SYSTEM and returns the domain name the SID and
- the SID type.
-
- =item Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE)
-
- [EXT] Looks up SID on SYSTEM and returns the account name, domain name,
- and the SID type.
-
- =item Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]])
-
- [EXT] Create a dialogbox containing MESSAGE. FLAGS specifies the
- required icon and buttons according to the following table:
-
- 0 = OK
- 1 = OK and Cancel
- 2 = Abort, Retry, and Ignore
- 3 = Yes, No and Cancel
- 4 = Yes and No
- 5 = Retry and Cancel
-
- MB_ICONSTOP "X" in a red circle
- MB_ICONQUESTION question mark in a bubble
- MB_ICONEXCLAMATION exclamation mark in a yellow triangle
- MB_ICONINFORMATION "i" in a bubble
-
- TITLE specifies an optional window title. The default is "Perl".
-
- The function returns the menu id of the selected push button:
-
- 0 Error
-
- 1 OK
- 2 Cancel
- 3 Abort
- 4 Retry
- 5 Ignore
- 6 Yes
- 7 No
-
- =item Win32::NodeName()
-
- [CORE] Returns the Microsoft Network node-name of the current machine.
-
- =item Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
-
- [EXT] Loads the DLL LIBRARYNAME and calls the function DllRegisterServer.
-
- =item Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW)
-
- [CORE] Sets the I<ShowMode> of child processes started by system().
- By default system() will create a new console window for child
- processes if Perl itself is not running from a console. Calling
- SetChildShowWindow(0) will make these new console windows invisible.
- Calling SetChildShowWindow() without arguments reverts system() to the
- default behavior. The return value of SetChildShowWindow() is the
- previous setting or C<undef>.
-
- [EXT] The following symbolic constants for SHOWWINDOW are available
- (but not exported) from the Win32 module: SW_HIDE, SW_SHOWNORMAL,
- SW_SHOWMINIMIZED, SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED and SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE.
-
- =item Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY)
-
- [CORE] Sets the current active drive and directory. This function does not
- work with UNC paths, since the functionality required to required for
- such a feature is not available under Windows 95.
-
- =item Win32::SetLastError(ERROR)
-
- [CORE] Sets the value of the last error encountered to ERROR. This is
- that value that will be returned by the Win32::GetLastError()
- function. This functions has been added for Perl 5.6.
-
- =item Win32::Sleep(TIME)
-
- [CORE] Pauses for TIME milliseconds. The timeslices are made available
- to other processes and threads.
-
- =item Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID)
-
- [CORE] Spawns a new process using the supplied COMMAND, passing in
- arguments in the string ARGS. The pid of the new process is stored in
- PID. This function is deprecated. Please use the Win32::Process module
- instead.
-
- =item Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
-
- [EXT] Loads the DLL LIBRARYNAME and calls the function
- DllUnregisterServer.
-
- =back
-
- =cut
-