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  1. ; Unit conversion factors for use with ICAD
  2. ;
  3. ; icad.unt
  4. ; Release 1.0
  5. ;
  6. ; .............................................................................
  7. ;
  8. ; Copyright (c) 2001 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
  9. ;
  10. ; The Software is subject to the license agreement that accompanies 
  11. ; or is included with the Software, which specifies the permitted 
  12. ; and prohibited uses of the Software. Any unauthorized duplication 
  13. ; or use of Microsoft Corporation Software, in whole or in part, in print, 
  14. ; or in any other storage and retrieval system is prohibited.
  15. ; 
  16. ; To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Microsoft Corporation
  17. ; and its suppliers disclaim any and all warranties and conditions,
  18. ; either express or implied, including, without limitation, implied
  19. ; warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose,
  20. ; title, and non-infringement, and those arising out of usage of trade
  21. ; or course of dealing, concerning these materials.  These materials
  22. ; are provided "as is" without warranty of any kind.
  23. ; .............................................................................
  24. ;
  25. ; Sources:
  26. ;
  27. ;   "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 52nd Edition 1971-1972",(c) 1971
  28. ;   "Physics, Parts I and II", by David Halliday and Robert Resnick (c) 1966
  29. :   "The Astronomical Almanac, 1992", U.S. Government Printing Office (c) 1991
  30. ;
  31. ; .............................................................................
  32. ;
  33. ; Fundamental units are defined in terms of five fundamental physical
  34. ; constants, expressed in AI units.  From the CRC Handbook,
  35. ; pp. F189-F190:
  36. ;
  37. ;   c : The vacuum speed of light
  38. ;         2.9979250E+08 m/sec
  39. ;
  40. ;   e : Electron charge
  41. ;         1.6021917E-19 C (coulombs)
  42. ;
  43. ;   h : The Planck Constant
  44. ;         6.626196E-34  kg-m^2/sec
  45. ;
  46. ;   k : The Boltzmann Constant
  47. ;         1.380622E-23 kg-m^2/sec^2-K (K=degrees kelvin)
  48. ;
  49. ;   m : Electron rest mass (kg)
  50. ;         9.109558E-31 kg
  51. ;
  52. ; A line defining a unit in fundamental form has the form
  53. ;
  54. ;   x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,f,a
  55. ;
  56. ; The "x" terms are (integer) exponents of the five fundamental
  57. ; constants; "f" is a factor; "a" is an additive term (used only in
  58. ; temperature).  They define a value as follows (where ^ denotes
  59. ; exponentiation and * multiplication):  If we have U of the units
  60. ; being defined, the AI equivalent is
  61. ;
  62. ;   (c^x1 * e^x2 * h^x3 * k^x4 * m^x5) * (U*f + a)
  63. ;
  64. ; Notice that the factor composed of the fundamental constants defines
  65. ; a "fundamental unit" that is some multiple of the corresponding
  66. ; AI unit.  If we have U of the units we're defining, we therefore
  67. ; have U*f+a "fundamental units".  To convert this to some other unit,
  68. ; we seek U', where U'*f'+a' = U*f+a, or
  69. ;
  70. ;   U' = (U*f+a-a')/f'
  71. ;
  72. ; For all but temperature, a and a' are zero reducing this to
  73. ;
  74. ;   U' = U*f/f'
  75. ;
  76. ; Because of the way we're combining the fundamental constants to
  77. ; produce a specific type of unit via dimensional analysis (length,
  78. ; mass, speed, etc.), all fundamental definitions of the same type have
  79. ; the same set of exponents (x1-x5).  Here are the formats of some of
  80. ; the basic types (along with their "fundamental units" in AI units,
  81. ; using the CRC values):
  82. ;
  83. ;   Length:
  84. ;     -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,f,0 (2.426309557165E-12 m)
  85. ;   Mass:
  86. ;      0, 0, 0, 0, 1,f,0 (9.109558E-31 kg)
  87. ;   Time:
  88. ;     -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,f,0 (8.0932963872178E-21 sec)
  89. ;   Temperature:
  90. ;      2, 0, 0,-1, 1,f,a (5.9301276689232E+09 K)
  91. ;   Area:
  92. ;     -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,f,0 (5.8869780671902E-24 m^2)
  93. ;   Volume:
  94. ;     -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,f,0 (1.4283631147244E-35 m^3)
  95. ;   Speed:
  96. ;      1, 0, 0, 0, 0,f,0 (2.9979250E+08 m/sec)
  97. ;   Acceleration:
  98. ;      3, 0,-1, 0, 1,f,0 (3.7042076016576E+28 m/sec^2)
  99. ;   Force:
  100. ;      3, 0,-1, 0, 2,f,0 (3.374369399134E-02 kg-m/sec^2 (newton))
  101. ;   Pressure:
  102. ;      5, 0,-3, 0, 4,f,0 (5.7319211327461E+21 kg/sec^2-m (N/m^2))
  103. ;   Energy:
  104. ;      2, 0, 0, 0, 1,f,0 (8.1872647225241E-14 kg-m^2/sec^2 (joule))
  105. ;   Power:
  106. ;      4, 0,-1, 0, 2,f,0 (1.0116106380899E+07 kg-m2/sec^3 (watt))
  107. ;   Electric charge:
  108. ;      0, 1, 0, 0, 0,f,0 (1.6021917E-19 C (coulomb))
  109. ;   Electric current:
  110. ;      2, 1,-1, 0, 1,f,0 (1.9796528180167E+01 C/sec (amp))
  111. ;   Electromotive force:
  112. ;      2,-1, 0, 0, 1,f,0 (5.1100406540142E+05 kg-m^2/sec^2-C (volt))
  113. ;   Electric resistance:
  114. ;      0,-2, 1, 0, 0,f,0 (2.5812812264393E+04 kg-m^2/sec-C^2 (ohm))
  115. ;   Electric capacitance:
  116. ;     -2, 2, 0, 0,-1,f,0 (3.1353795566018E-25 sec^2-C^2/kg-m^2 (farad))
  117. ;   Electric inductance:
  118. ;     -2,-2, 2, 0,-1,f,0 (2.0891074024335E-16 kg-m^2/C^2 (henry))
  119. ;   Magnetic flux:
  120. ;      0,-1, 1, 0, 0,f,0 (4.1357073563669E-15 kg-m^2/sec-C (weber))
  121. ;   Magnetic induction:
  122. ;      2,-1,-1, 0, 2,f,0 (7.0251788084898E+8  kg/sec-C (tesla))
  123. ;   Dimensionless multiplier:
  124. ;      0, 0, 0, 0, 0,f,0 (No units)
  125. ;
  126. ; Excluding temperatures, we can combine these to produce composite
  127. ; units as follows:
  128. ;
  129. ;   To multiply any two of these, you add the exponents (x1-x5) and
  130. ;   multiply the f's.
  131. ;
  132. ;   To divide one by another, you subtract the second's exponents from
  133. ;   the first's and divide the first f by the second.
  134. ;
  135. ;   To raise one to a power, you multiply the exponents (x1-x5) by the
  136. ;   power and raise f to the power.
  137. ;
  138. ; In acad.unt, the "fundamental units" are those actually produced by
  139. ; combining the fundamental constants.  For example, the fundamental
  140. ; unit of length is h/(mc), which is 2.426309557165E-12 m, and we
  141. ; therefore need mc/h of these (4.1214856408036E+11) to make one meter.
  142. ; (This changes, of course, whenever one of the fundamental constant
  143. ; values is refined.  But, as long as we use the same values for
  144. ; source and destination units in the conversion, this doesn't matter.)
  145. ;
  146. ; Since we're only using these "fundamental units" as temporary
  147. ; intermediates for comparing different units of like type, why not
  148. ; use the SI units themselves as the "fundamental units"?  That's what
  149. ; icad.unt does in this file.  So, instead of
  150. ;
  151. ;   *meter(s),metre(s),m
  152. ;   -1,0,1,0,-1,4.1214856408036E+11,0
  153. ;
  154. ; we have
  155. ;
  156. ;   *meter(s),metre(s),m
  157. ;   -1,0,1,0,-1,1.0,0
  158. ;
  159. ; h/(mc) is indeed a length, but a very cumbersome one compared to
  160. ; a meter.
  161. ;
  162. ; The exponents remain the same, but their function is purely that
  163. ; of unit type-identifiers, making sure the dimensional analysis
  164. ; works out.  (Meters, Kilograms, Seconds, and Kelvins could be used
  165. ; in the same manner, but we keep the "c,e,h,k,m" system to maintain
  166. ; compatibility with ACAD.)
  167. ;
  168. ; .............................................................................
  169. ;
  170. ;     File format information:
  171. ;
  172. ; A semicolon begins a comment that continues through the end of the line.
  173. ;
  174. ; Blank lines are ignored.
  175. ;
  176. ; A unit definition has two lines:
  177. ;
  178. ;   The name(s) of the unit:
  179. ;
  180. ;     The line must begin with an asterisk.  Synonyms are separated by
  181. ;     commas.  Each synonym can have the form
  182. ;
  183. ;       prefix(singularsuffix.pluralsuffix)
  184. ;
  185. ;     The "singularsuffix." part can be omitted; so can the entire
  186. ;     parenthetical singular/plural item.
  187. ;
  188. ;   The definition:
  189. ;
  190. ;     One of the three following formats:
  191. ;
  192. ;       Fundamental format:
  193. ;
  194. ;         The "x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,f,a" format discussed earlier.
  195. ;
  196. ;       Derived format:
  197. ;
  198. ;         This type must begin with an equals sign (=), followed by
  199. ;         literal constants and the names of other defined units and
  200. ;         any of the math operators * (multiplication), / (division),
  201. ;         and ^ (exponentiation).  Multiplication is implied if no
  202. ;         operator is supplied between non-operator items.  Any
  203. ;         derived units used in the formula must of course be
  204. ;         resolvable to fundamental form using other definitions in
  205. ;         this file (in a non-recursive manner -- no infinite
  206. ;         definition loops!).
  207. ;
  208. ;         It seems ACAD only allows ONE division on a definition
  209. ;         line (or in a string passed to cvunit) -- probably because
  210. ;         that's how scientists generally write units: a bunch of units
  211. ;         over another bunch of units -- one division.  For example,
  212. ;         an acceleration in feet per second per minute must
  213. ;         be given as "ft / sec min", not "ft / sec / min".
  214. ;
  215. ;         The units are combined on each side of the slash,
  216. ;         and the division is performed last.
  217. ;
  218. ;         See acad.unt for examples of this format.  Icad.unt specifies
  219. ;         all of it's definitions in "fundamental" format.  This
  220. ;         allows cvunit to process this file faster, with fewer
  221. ;         calculations (and therefore smaller rounding errors).
  222. ;         Since icad.unt uses SI units as the fundamental units,
  223. ;         the file is fairly "human-readable": the "f" terms are
  224. ;         the SI equivalents -- not some collection of cumbersome
  225. ;         physical constants.
  226. ;
  227. ;       Exponent synonym definition format:
  228. ;
  229. ;         Of the form
  230. ;
  231. ;           *square,sq
  232. ;           ^2
  233. ;
  234. ;         Note there's no equals sign ("^2", not "=^2").
  235. ;
  236. ;         ACAD defines this one and "*cubic,cu", but doesn't use
  237. ;         them in acad.unt.  We follow suit.
  238. ;
  239. ;         If you DO use them, it seems they must appear BEFORE the
  240. ;         item to operate on, not after ("sq ft", not "ft sq").
  241. ;         However, if you use exponents directly, you must put them
  242. ;         AFTER the item ("ft^2").  Therefore, "sq" is not a direct
  243. ;         synonym for "^2".
  244. ;
  245. ;         We recommend using an exponent directly -- right up
  246. ;         against the item it follows (like "meter^3").
  247. ;
  248. ; .............................................................................
  249.  
  250.  
  251. ; Exponent definitions (See notes above.  They're NOT substitutions.)
  252.  
  253. *square,sq
  254. ^2
  255.  
  256. *cubic,cu
  257. ^3
  258.  
  259.  
  260. ; The primary SI units:
  261.  
  262. *meter(s),metre(s),m,centare(s)
  263. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.0,0.0
  264.  
  265. *kilogram(s),kg
  266.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,1.0,0.0
  267.  
  268. *second(s),sec
  269. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.0,0.0
  270.  
  271. *kelvin(s),k
  272.  2, 0, 0,-1, 1,1.0,0.0
  273.  
  274. *ampere(s),amp(s)
  275.  2, 1,-1, 0, 1,1.0,0.0
  276.  
  277. *candela,cd             ; Careful with this one.  This file (as shipped)
  278.  4, 0,-1, 0, 2,1.0,0.0  ; does not specify any other luminous intensity
  279.                         ; units.  If you add any, keep the exponents (x1-x5)
  280.                         ; the same.  Enter the equivalent number of
  281.                         ; candelas for f -- or replace the 1.0 in the
  282.                         ; candela definition with the true MKS equivalent
  283.                         ; and then enter others in terms of that MKS value.
  284.                         ;
  285.                         ; As it stands, THIS candela is equivalent to
  286.                         ; a watt -- which I doubt is true.  (acad.unt
  287.                         ; has the same problem.)
  288.  
  289. ; Length:
  290.  
  291. *angstrom(s)
  292. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.0E-10,0.0
  293.  
  294. *astronomical_unit(s),au
  295. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.49597870E+11,0.0
  296.  
  297. *bolt(s)
  298. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,36.576,0.0
  299.  
  300. *cable(s)
  301. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,219.456,0.0
  302.  
  303. *centimeter(s),centimetre(s),cm
  304. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.01,0.0
  305.  
  306. *chain(s) ; Gunter's
  307. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,20.1168,0.0
  308.  
  309. *cubit(s)
  310. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.4572,0.0
  311.  
  312. *decimeter(s),decimetre(s),dm
  313. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.1,0.0
  314.  
  315. *dekameter(s),decameter(s),dekametre(s),decametre(s),dam
  316. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,10.0,0.0
  317.  
  318. *fathom(s),fath
  319. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.8288,0.0
  320.  
  321. *foot,feet,ft,'
  322. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.3048,0.0
  323.  
  324. *furlong(s),fur
  325. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,201.168,0.0
  326.  
  327. *gigameter(s),gigametre(s)
  328. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.0E+09,0.0
  329.  
  330. *hand(s)
  331. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.1016,0.0
  332.  
  333. *hectometer(s),hectometre(s),hm
  334. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,100.0,0.0
  335.  
  336. *inch(es),in(s),"
  337. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.0254,0.0
  338.  
  339. *kilometer(s),kilometre(s),km
  340. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1000.0,0.0
  341.  
  342. *league_nautical  ;  International
  343. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,5556.0,0.0
  344.  
  345. *league_statute
  346. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,4828.032,0.0
  347.  
  348. *lightyear(s),ly  ;  Using a tropical year
  349. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,9.4605281774268E+15,0.0
  350.  
  351. *link(s)  ;  Gunter's
  352. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.201168,0.0
  353.  
  354. *micron(s)
  355. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.000001,0.0
  356.  
  357. *mil(s)
  358. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.0000254,0.0
  359.  
  360. *mile_nautical,inm  ;  International
  361. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1852.0,0.0
  362.  
  363. *mile(s),mile_statute,mi
  364. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1609.344,0.0
  365.  
  366. *millimeter(s),millimetre(s),mm
  367. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.001,0.0
  368.  
  369. *millimicro(s),nanometer(s),nanometre(s)
  370. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.0E-09,0.0
  371.  
  372. *pace(s)
  373. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.762,0.0
  374.  
  375. *palm(s)
  376. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.0762,0.0
  377.  
  378. *parsec(s),pc  ;  From definition and the value of the astronomical unit.
  379. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,3.0856775670468E+16,0.0
  380.  
  381. *pica(s)
  382. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.0042175176,0.0
  383.  
  384. *point(s)
  385. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.0003514598,0.0
  386.  
  387. *rod(s)
  388. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,5.0292,0.0
  389.  
  390. *rope(s)  ;  British
  391. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,6.096,0.0
  392.  
  393. *skein(s)
  394. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,109.728,0.0
  395.  
  396. *span(s)
  397. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.2286,0.0
  398.  
  399. *survey_foot,survey_feet  ;  Based on the old standard of exactly 39.37 in/m.
  400. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.30480060960122,0.0
  401.  
  402. *yard(s),yd
  403. -1, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.9144,0.0
  404.  
  405.  
  406. ; Mass:
  407.  
  408. *cental(s)  ;  British
  409.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,45.359237,0.0
  410.  
  411. *dalton(s)  ;  Chemistry
  412.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,1.66024E-27,0.0
  413.  
  414. *grain(s)  ;  (1/480 ounce_troy)
  415.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,6.4798929166666666666E-05,0.0
  416.  
  417. *gram(s),gm,g
  418.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.001,0.0
  419.  
  420. *hundredweight(s)  ;  Short (100 lb avdp)
  421.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,45.359237,0.0
  422.  
  423. *long_ton(s)  ;  (2240 lb avdp)
  424.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,1016.0469088,0.0
  425.  
  426. *microgram(s)
  427.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,1.0E-09,0.0
  428.  
  429. *milligram(s),mg
  430.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.000001,0.0
  431.  
  432. *ounce_troy
  433.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.031103486,0.0
  434.  
  435. *ounce_weight,ounce(s),oz
  436.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.028349523125,0.0
  437.  
  438. *pennyweight(s),dwt,pwt  ;  (1/20 ounce_troy)
  439.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.0015551743,0.0
  440.  
  441. *pound(s),lb(s) ; avdp
  442.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.45359237,0.0
  443.  
  444. *poundal(s)
  445.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.01409808,0.0
  446.  
  447. *scruple(s)  ;  Apothecary (1/24 ounce_troy)
  448.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,0.0012959785833333333333,0.0
  449.  
  450. *slug(s)
  451.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,14.5939,0.0
  452.  
  453. *stone(s)  ;  British
  454.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,6.35029318,0.0
  455.  
  456. *ton_metric,tonne(s)
  457.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,1000.0,0.0
  458.  
  459. *ton_short,ton(s)
  460.  0, 0, 0, 0, 1,907.18474,0.0
  461.  
  462.  
  463. ; Time:
  464.  
  465. *calendar_year(s),year(s),yr
  466. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,31536000.0,0.0  ; Calendar -- 365 days
  467.                                ; One could argue whether "year" should be
  468.                                ; the calendar one or the tropical.
  469.                                ; We follow ACAD for compatibility.
  470.  
  471. *century,centuries
  472. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,3153600000.0,0.0  ; Calendar -- 36500 days
  473.  
  474. *day(s)
  475. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,86400.0,0.0
  476.  
  477. *decade(s)
  478. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,315360000.0,0.0  ; Calendar -- 3650 days
  479.  
  480. *fortnight(s)
  481. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,1209600.0,0.0
  482.  
  483. *hour(s),hr(s)
  484. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,3600.0,0.0
  485.  
  486. *microsecond(s)
  487. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.000001,0.0
  488.  
  489. *millennium,millennia,millenium,millenia
  490. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,31536000000.0,0.0  ; Calendar -- 365000 days
  491.  
  492. *millisecond(s),msec
  493. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,0.001,0.0
  494.  
  495. *minute(s),min(s)
  496. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,60.0,0.0
  497.  
  498. *nanosecond(s),nsec
  499. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,1.0E-09,0.0
  500.  
  501. *sidereal_year(s)
  502. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,31558149.504,0.0
  503.  
  504. *tropical_year(s)
  505. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,31556925.216,0.0
  506.  
  507. *week(s),wk
  508. -2, 0, 1, 0,-1,604800.0,0.0
  509.  
  510.  
  511. ; Frequency
  512.  
  513. *hertz,hz
  514.  2, 0,-1, 0, 1,1.0,0.0
  515.  
  516.  
  517. ; Area:
  518.  
  519. *acre(s)
  520. -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,4046.8564,0.0
  521.  
  522. *are(s)
  523. -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,100.0,0.0
  524.  
  525. *barn(s)
  526. -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,1.0E-28,0.0
  527.  
  528. *hectare(s)
  529. -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,10000.0,0.0
  530.  
  531. *rood(s)  ;  British
  532. -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,1011.7141,0.0
  533.  
  534. *township(s)
  535. -2, 0, 2, 0,-2,93239571.456,0.0
  536.  
  537.  
  538. ; Volume:
  539. ;
  540. ;   Note: The US fluid values quart, pint, cup, ounce, and dram
  541. ;   are based on integral subdivisions of the gallon.  (The CRC
  542. ;   reference has an internal inconsistency between pint and ounce.)
  543. ;
  544. ;   The dry equivalents are also based on the subdivided gallon.
  545.  
  546. *barrel(s)  ;  US petroleum
  547. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.1589872956,0.0
  548.  
  549. *board_foot,board_feet
  550. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.002359737216,0.0
  551.  
  552. *british_gallon(s)
  553. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.004546087,0.0
  554.  
  555. *bushel(s),bu  ;  US
  556. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.03523907,0.0
  557.  
  558. *butt(s)  ;  British
  559. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.4769618868,0.0
  560.  
  561. *cc
  562. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.000001,0.0
  563.  
  564. *centiliter(s),centilitre(s)
  565. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.00001000028,0.0
  566.  
  567. *cord(s)  ;  128 ft^3 (This CRC value looks like it's based on survey feet.)
  568. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,3.6245734,0.0
  569.  
  570. *decaliter(s),*dekaliter(s),*decalitre(s),*dekalitre(s)
  571. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.01000028,0.0
  572.  
  573. *decastere(s),dekastere(s)
  574. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,10.0,0.0
  575.  
  576. *decistere(s)
  577. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.1,0.0
  578.  
  579. *dry_gallon(s)  ;  US
  580. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0044048828,0.0
  581.  
  582. *dry_pint(s)  ;  US
  583. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.00055061035,0.0
  584.  
  585. *dry_quart(s)  ;  US
  586. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0011012207,0.0
  587.  
  588. *fluid_cup(s),cup(s)  ;  US
  589. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0002365882375,0.0
  590.  
  591. *fluid_dram(s),dram(s),dr  ;  US
  592. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,3.6966912109375E-06,0.0
  593.  
  594. *fluid_gallon(s),gallon(s),gal  ;  US
  595. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0037854118,0.0
  596.  
  597. *fluid_ounce(s)  ; US
  598. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,2.95735296875E-05,0.0
  599.  
  600. *fluid_pint(s),pint(s)  ; US
  601. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.000473176475,0.0
  602.  
  603. *fluid_quart(s),quart(s),qt  ;  US
  604. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.00094635295,0.0
  605.  
  606. *firkin(s)  ;  US  (9 US fluid gallons)
  607. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0340687062,0.0
  608.  
  609. *gill(s)  ;  US  (1/32 US fluid gallons)
  610. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.00011829411875,0.0
  611.  
  612. *hectoliter(s),hectolitre(s)
  613. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.1000028,0.0
  614.  
  615. *hogshead(s)  ;  (63 US fluid gallons)
  616. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.2384809434,0.0
  617.  
  618. *kilderkin(s)  ;  British
  619. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.08182957,0.0
  620.  
  621. *kiloliter(s),kilolitre(s)
  622. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,1.000028,0.0
  623.  
  624. *liter(s),litre(s)
  625. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.001000028,0.0
  626.  
  627. *milliliter(s),millilitre(s),ml
  628. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.000001000028,0.0
  629.  
  630. *minim(s)  ;  US  (1/60 US fluid dram (1/61440 US fluid gallon))
  631. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,6.1611520182292E-08,0.0
  632.  
  633. *peck(s)  ;  US  (2 US dry gallons)
  634. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0088097656,0.0
  635.  
  636. *pottle(s)  ;  (0.5 British gallons)
  637. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.0022730435,0.0
  638.  
  639. *puncheon(s)
  640. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.31797510,0.0  ;  British
  641.  
  642. *register_ton(s)  ;  (100 ft^3)
  643. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,2.8316846592,0.0
  644.  
  645. *seam(s)  ;  (64 British gallons)
  646. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.290949568,0.0
  647.  
  648. *stere(s)
  649. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,1.0,0.0
  650.  
  651. *tun(s)  ;  (252 US fluid gallons (4 hogsheads))
  652. -3, 0, 3, 0,-3,0.9539237736,0.0
  653.  
  654.  
  655. ; Speed:
  656.  
  657. *light_speed   ;  The new, exact, value (not the CRC one).
  658.  1, 0, 0, 0, 0,299792458.0,0.0
  659.  
  660. *knot(s)  ;  Nautical miles / hr
  661.  1, 0, 0, 0, 0,0.51444444444444444444,0.0
  662.  
  663.  
  664. ; Acceleration:
  665.  
  666. *g_acceleration
  667.  3, 0,-1, 0, 1,9.80665,0.0
  668.  
  669.  
  670. ; Force:
  671.  
  672. *dyne(s)
  673.  3, 0,-1, 0, 2,0.00001,0.0
  674.  
  675. *force_pound(s)
  676.  3, 0,-1, 0, 2,4.4482216765935,0.0
  677.  
  678. *newton(s)
  679.  3, 0,-1, 0, 2,1.0,0.0
  680.  
  681.  
  682. ; Pressure:
  683.  
  684. *atmosphere(s),atm
  685.  5, 0,-3, 0, 4,101325.0,0.0
  686.  
  687. *bar(s)
  688.  5, 0,-3, 0, 4,100000.0,0.0
  689.  
  690. *barye(s)
  691.  5, 0,-3, 0, 4,0.1,0.0
  692.  
  693. *pascal
  694.  5, 0,-3, 0, 4,1.0,0.0
  695.  
  696. *torr(s),mm_of_hg
  697.  5, 0,-3, 0, 4,133.32236842105,0.0
  698.  
  699.  
  700. ; Energy:
  701.  
  702. *british_thermal_unit(s),btu(s)
  703.  2, 0, 0, 0, 1,1054.35,0.0
  704.  
  705. *calorie(s),cal  ;  Gram-calorie
  706.  2, 0, 0, 0, 1,4.184,0.0
  707.  
  708. *joule(s)  ;  Absolute (kg-m^2/sec^2)
  709.  2, 0, 0, 0, 1,1.0,0.0
  710.  
  711. *kilocalorie(s),kcal  ;  Kilogram-calorie (the nutritional calorie)
  712.  2, 0, 0, 0, 1,4184.0,0.0
  713.  
  714. *electron_volt(s),ev
  715.  2, 0, 0, 0, 1,1.60209E-19,0.0
  716.  
  717. *erg(s)
  718.  2, 0, 0, 0, 1,1.0E-07,0.0
  719.  
  720.  
  721. ; Power
  722.  
  723. *horsepower,hp
  724.  4, 0,-1, 0, 2,745.700,0.0
  725.  
  726. *kilowatt(s),kw
  727.  4, 0,-1, 0, 2,1000.0,0.0
  728.  
  729. *watt(s),w
  730.  4, 0,-1, 0, 2,1.0,0.0
  731.  
  732.  
  733. ; Electric charge:
  734.  
  735. *coulomb(s)
  736.  0, 1, 0, 0, 0,1.0,0.0
  737.  
  738. *electron_charge(s)
  739.  0, 1, 0, 0, 0,1.60209E-19,0.0
  740.  
  741.  
  742. ; Electric current:
  743.  
  744. *microampere(s),microamp(s)
  745.  2, 1,-1, 0, 1,0.000001,0.0
  746.  
  747. *milliampere(s),milliamp(s),ma
  748.  2, 1,-1, 0, 1,0.001,0.0
  749.  
  750.  
  751. ; Electromotive force:
  752.  
  753. *volt(s),v
  754.  2,-1, 0, 0, 1,1.0,0.0
  755.  
  756. *millivolt(s),mv
  757.  2,-1, 0, 0, 1,0.001,0.0
  758.  
  759. *microvolt(s)
  760.  2,-1, 0, 0, 1,0.000001,0.0
  761.  
  762.  
  763. ; Electric resistance:
  764.  
  765. *ohm(s)
  766.  0,-2, 1, 0, 0,1.0,0.0
  767.  
  768.  
  769. ; Electric capacitance:
  770.  
  771. *farad(s)
  772. -2, 2, 0, 0,-1,1.0,0.0
  773.  
  774.  
  775. ; Electric inductance:
  776.  
  777. *henry,henries
  778. -2,-2, 2, 0,-1,1.0,0.0
  779.  
  780.  
  781. ; Magnetic flux:
  782.  
  783. *maxwell(s)
  784.  0,-1, 1, 0, 0,1.0E-08,0.0
  785.  
  786. *weber(s)
  787.  0,-1, 1, 0, 0,1.0,0.0
  788.  
  789.  
  790. ; Magnetic induction:
  791.  
  792. *gauss(es)
  793.  2,-1,-1, 0, 2,0.0001,0.0
  794.  
  795. *tesla(s)
  796.  2,-1,-1, 0, 2,1.0,0.0
  797.  
  798.  
  799. ; Angle
  800.  
  801. *arc_minute(s)
  802.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,60.0,0.0
  803.  
  804. *arc_second(s)  ;  Used as the fundamental angular unit.
  805.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0,0.0
  806.  
  807. *circle(s)
  808.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1296000.0,0.0
  809.  
  810. *degree(s),deg
  811.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,3600.0,0.0
  812.  
  813. *grad(s)
  814.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,3240.0,0.0
  815.  
  816. *quadrant(s)
  817.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,324000.0,0.0
  818.  
  819. *radian(s)
  820.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,206264.80624709636,0.0
  821.  
  822.  
  823. ; Solid angle
  824.  
  825. *hemisphere(s)
  826.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,6.28318530717958647692,0.0
  827.  
  828. *sphere(s)
  829.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,12.56637061435917295384,0.0
  830.  
  831. *steradian(s)
  832.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0,0.0
  833.  
  834.  
  835. ; Dimensionless multiples and submultiples:
  836.  
  837. *atto
  838.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E-18,0.0
  839.  
  840. *centi
  841.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,0.01,0.0
  842.  
  843. *deca,deka
  844.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,10.0,0.0
  845.  
  846. *deci
  847.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,0.1,0.0
  848.  
  849. *exa
  850.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E+18,0.0
  851.  
  852. *femto
  853.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E-15,0.0
  854.  
  855. *giga
  856.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E+09,0.0
  857.  
  858. *hecto
  859.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,100.0,0.0
  860.  
  861. *kilo
  862.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1000.0,0.0
  863.  
  864. *mega
  865.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E+06,0.0
  866.  
  867. *micro
  868.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E-06,0.0
  869.  
  870. *milli
  871.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,0.001,0.0
  872.  
  873. *nano
  874.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E-09,0.0
  875.  
  876. *peta
  877.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E+15,0.0
  878.  
  879. *pico
  880.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E-12,0.0
  881.  
  882. *tera
  883.  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,1.0E+12,0.0
  884.