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- """Spawn a command with pipes to its stdin, stdout, and optionally stderr.
-
- The normal os.popen(cmd, mode) call spawns a shell command and provides a
- file interface to just the input or output of the process depending on
- whether mode is 'r' or 'w'. This module provides the functions popen2(cmd)
- and popen3(cmd) which return two or three pipes to the spawned command.
- """
-
- import os
- import sys
-
- MAXFD = 256 # Max number of file descriptors (os.getdtablesize()???)
-
- _active = []
-
- def _cleanup():
- for inst in _active[:]:
- inst.poll()
-
- class Popen3:
- """Class representing a child process. Normally instances are created
- by the factory functions popen2() and popen3()."""
-
- sts = -1 # Child not completed yet
-
- def __init__(self, cmd, capturestderr=0, bufsize=-1):
- """The parameter 'cmd' is the shell command to execute in a
- sub-process. The 'capturestderr' flag, if true, specifies that
- the object should capture standard error output of the child process.
- The default is false. If the 'bufsize' parameter is specified, it
- specifies the size of the I/O buffers to/from the child process."""
- _cleanup()
- p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe()
- c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe()
- if capturestderr:
- errout, errin = os.pipe()
- self.pid = os.fork()
- if self.pid == 0:
- # Child
- os.dup2(p2cread, 0)
- os.dup2(c2pwrite, 1)
- if capturestderr:
- os.dup2(errin, 2)
- self._run_child(cmd)
- os.close(p2cread)
- self.tochild = os.fdopen(p2cwrite, 'w', bufsize)
- os.close(c2pwrite)
- self.fromchild = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'r', bufsize)
- if capturestderr:
- os.close(errin)
- self.childerr = os.fdopen(errout, 'r', bufsize)
- else:
- self.childerr = None
- _active.append(self)
-
- def _run_child(self, cmd):
- if type(cmd) == type(''):
- cmd = ['/bin/sh', '-c', cmd]
- for i in range(3, MAXFD):
- try:
- os.close(i)
- except:
- pass
- try:
- os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
- finally:
- os._exit(1)
-
- def poll(self):
- """Return the exit status of the child process if it has finished,
- or -1 if it hasn't finished yet."""
- if self.sts < 0:
- try:
- pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, os.WNOHANG)
- if pid == self.pid:
- self.sts = sts
- _active.remove(self)
- except os.error:
- pass
- return self.sts
-
- def wait(self):
- """Wait for and return the exit status of the child process."""
- pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, 0)
- if pid == self.pid:
- self.sts = sts
- _active.remove(self)
- return self.sts
-
-
- class Popen4(Popen3):
- childerr = None
-
- def __init__(self, cmd, bufsize=-1):
- _cleanup()
- p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe()
- c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe()
- self.pid = os.fork()
- if self.pid == 0:
- # Child
- os.dup2(p2cread, 0)
- os.dup2(c2pwrite, 1)
- os.dup2(c2pwrite, 2)
- self._run_child(cmd)
- os.close(p2cread)
- self.tochild = os.fdopen(p2cwrite, 'w', bufsize)
- os.close(c2pwrite)
- self.fromchild = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'r', bufsize)
- _active.append(self)
-
-
- if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
- # Some things don't make sense on non-Unix platforms.
- del Popen3, Popen4
-
- def popen2(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'):
- """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is
- specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects
- (child_stdout, child_stdin) are returned."""
- w, r = os.popen2(cmd, mode, bufsize)
- return r, w
-
- def popen3(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'):
- """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is
- specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects
- (child_stdout, child_stdin, child_stderr) are returned."""
- w, r, e = os.popen3(cmd, mode, bufsize)
- return r, w, e
-
- def popen4(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'):
- """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is
- specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects
- (child_stdout_stderr, child_stdin) are returned."""
- w, r = os.popen4(cmd, mode, bufsize)
- return r, w
- else:
- def popen2(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'):
- """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is
- specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects
- (child_stdout, child_stdin) are returned."""
- inst = Popen3(cmd, 0, bufsize)
- return inst.fromchild, inst.tochild
-
- def popen3(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'):
- """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is
- specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects
- (child_stdout, child_stdin, child_stderr) are returned."""
- inst = Popen3(cmd, 1, bufsize)
- return inst.fromchild, inst.tochild, inst.childerr
-
- def popen4(cmd, bufsize=-1, mode='t'):
- """Execute the shell command 'cmd' in a sub-process. If 'bufsize' is
- specified, it sets the buffer size for the I/O pipes. The file objects
- (child_stdout_stderr, child_stdin) are returned."""
- inst = Popen4(cmd, bufsize)
- return inst.fromchild, inst.tochild
-
-
- def _test():
- cmd = "cat"
- teststr = "ab cd\n"
- if os.name == "nt":
- cmd = "more"
- # "more" doesn't act the same way across Windows flavors,
- # sometimes adding an extra newline at the start or the
- # end. So we strip whitespace off both ends for comparison.
- expected = teststr.strip()
- print "testing popen2..."
- r, w = popen2(cmd)
- w.write(teststr)
- w.close()
- got = r.read()
- if got.strip() != expected:
- raise ValueError("wrote %s read %s" % (`teststr`, `got`))
- print "testing popen3..."
- try:
- r, w, e = popen3([cmd])
- except:
- r, w, e = popen3(cmd)
- w.write(teststr)
- w.close()
- got = r.read()
- if got.strip() != expected:
- raise ValueError("wrote %s read %s" % (`teststr`, `got`))
- got = e.read()
- if got:
- raise ValueError("unexected %s on stderr" % `got`)
- for inst in _active[:]:
- inst.wait()
- if _active:
- raise ValueError("_active not empty")
- print "All OK"
-
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- _test()
-