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PC World 1999 July
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PCWorld_1999-07_cd.bin
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cd-bench
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CDBENCH.TXT
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1999-01-10
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CD-BENCH v2.1
Many people think that the data transfer rate of CD-ROM drives
is constant from the beginning to the end of the disc, but this is
true only for old-and-slow models, the so-called CLV (Constant
Linear Velocity) drives. High speed drives use the CAV (Constant
Angular Velocity) technology or the mixed CLV/CAV one. The speed
of CAV drives grows continuosly from the beginning to the end of
the disc while in CLV/CAV drives it rises quickly up to the maximum
and then remains constant.
Many common benchmarks report a completely wrong result because
they suppose that the reading speed is constant, so they read only
at the beginning of the disc. CD-BENCH, instead, is the only
benchmark that reads the disc in six different points and displays
six results, so you can see if and how the speed varies.
To perform a complete test (six readings), you need a CD
containing at least 301500 sectors (589 MB). Note that CAV drives
reach the maximum speed only towards the end of the disc (of a
*full* disc) so you should use the fullest disc you have.
If you use the -S switch, CD-BENCH reports the size of the
inserted disc without performing any test. Note that many DOS
programs (including Microsoft DosShell) report a wrong size.
By the -D switch you can change the delay that precedes each
reading. During this time the drive's read-ahead buffer (an
internal cache memory) is filled with the data that CD-BENCH is
going to read. The default is -D=500 (500 milliseconds), it should
be enough to let your drive perform well. With -D=0 the drive is
tested in the worst case (it prevents read-ahead operations).
By the -B switch you can change the quantity of data that
CD-BENCH reads. High values reduce the influence of drive's
internal cache so giving worse results; in other words you can use
this switch to modulate the influence of caching on results. The
default is -B=50 that means 50 blocks of 30 sectors each (1500
sectors).
Many drives slow down or stop the disc after a period of
inactivity. CD-BENCH, before starting its tests, performs some
access to the disc to spin it up. If you think that it is already
spinning at the maximum speed, you can use the -I switch to start
the testing process immediately.
If six readings are too much for you, it's possible to reduce
this number to 3 by the -Q switch.
CD-BENCH also measures the average access time by performing 100
random accesses to sectors located in the first 300 MB of the disc.
Using a fixed portion of the disc ensures that the result depends
only on the drive speed and not on the disc size. If the disc
contains less than 300 MB of data, CD-BENCH skips this test.
The sequence of 100 accesses is only apparently random: it is
always the same, every time you perform the test; in this way,
again, the result depends only on the drive speed.
You can effect only the first test (data transfer rate
evaluation) or only the second one (access time evaluation) by the
-1 and -2 switches.
CD-BENCH can also be used to verify whether a disc is defective
(that is whether it causes read errors or not): by the -A switch,
in fact, you get CD-BENCH to read the whole disc. Of course
this task takes several minutes.
IMPORTANT NOTE. Many drivers have a little bug that causes
CD-BENCH to read farther the end of the disc so generating a read
error. This problem takes its origin from a wrong formula in a
Microsoft's official document; a more recent version of that
document is correct but many drivers are still buggy (including
Windows 95's internal driver!). Before starting this test CD-BENCH
tries to read the last sector of the disc: if this attempt fails
the most probable cause is a bug in your driver (buggy drivers
report a number of sectors higher than the real one so the sector
that CD-BENCH tries to read is out of the used space).
CD-BENCH interacts with the 8253 timer chip to get high
resolution timing (0.1 ms) and, therefore, highly accurate results.
IMPORTANT NOTE. Mitsumi drivers (at least v1.54 and v1.58)
"steal" timer ticks, in other words they stop the PC's real-time
clock (RTC) during read operations. When this happens any
benchmark, including CD-BENCH, reports a speed higher than the real
one; however CD-BENCH can detect this anomalous, wrong, behaviour
by comparing the DOS' clock and the CMOS' one: if the difference
between them becomes greater than 2 seconds CD-BENCH displays a
warning.
The presence of a disk cache like SMARTDrive can lead to
unrealistic results. CD-BENCH temporarily disables SMARTDrive
v4.0+ or compatible caches (PC-Cache v8.0+ and the most recent
versions of Norton Cache are known to be compatible) and restores
their original status before returning to DOS, even if you abort
the program by pressing Ctrl-Break or ejecting the disc (I don't
lock them so you are free to do as you like).
If no parameter is supplied on the command line, CD-BENCH tests
all the available CD-ROM drives; if you want to test only one of
them, just specify its letter.
IMPORTANT NOTE. If you didn't install both MSCDEX.EXE and a
proper device driver for your CD-ROM drive, CD-BENCH can't see the
drive and displays the message "No CD-ROM drive found".
CD-BENCH cannot run as a DOS task of Windows 95 or OS/2: you
have to use "plain" DOS.
--=<>=--
How to get good results.
1) Use a clean, unscratched, "silver" disc. CD-Recordable weakly
reflect the laser beam so they are harder to read. When a read
error occurs the drive repeats the read operation twice or more
times and can also reduce the spin (some models only). Of course
this behaviour influences negatively the result.
2) Some discs are unbalanced and cause strong vibrations when they
rotate at high speed. Some drives detect these vibrations and
reduce the spin, so, if the first run doesn't give good results,
try to use another disc. BTW: never attach labels on CD-ROMs!
3) Visit the web site of your drive's manufacturer and check
whether a new version of the driver is available.
NOTE. I'm maintaining a CD-ROM drivers page containing direct
links to the download page of each manufacturer. Its URL is at the
end of this document.
4) Some old BIOS is programmed in the way that it recognizes any
CD-ROM drive as a "PIO Mode 0" device. This is not a good thing if
you have a very fast drive (20x or more) because PIO mode 0
actually holds your drive back. If this is your case, you should
contact your mainboard vendor for a BIOS upgrade so that your high
speed drive will be recognized as a PIO mode 4 device.
--=<>=--
CD-BENCH is a copyrighted free program. It can be freely used
and distributed but cannot be bundled with hardware products
(drives, CD recorders, etc.) without my written permission.
Your feedback is welcome.
My addresses are:
E-mail: pnavato@poboxes.com
pnavato@geocities.com
Pino Navato, 2:335/225.18 (The Bits BBS, Fidonet)
WWW: http://www.poboxes.com/pnavato/
(currently forwards to
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/4421/)
Mail: Pino Navato
Via Pittore, 164
80046 S.Giorgio a Cremano (NA)
ITALY
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