PC World Komputer 1996 May

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50228 3.21 -1 1 19 96 0 52962 640 480 15 15 0 2640 3885 4710 2445 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The PID Control Toolkit is a collection of functions for configuring and tuning proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) algorithms within LabWindows/CVI. With the PID control algorithms, you can maintain a particular process setpoint, such as the temperature in a controlled environment or the level in a tank with input and output valves. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! PID Control Toolkit 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 PID.AVI 0 1 2640 3885 4575 2550 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The PID Control toolkit is packaged as a LabWindows/CVI instrument driver. Therefore, you can use the function like any other standard LabWindows/CVI library of functions. Pull down on the Instrument menu and select PID Control to view the functions in the toolkit. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! PID Control Functions 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 5 2970 3105 4530 2340 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT As you can see, the PID Control Toolkit library contains a hierarchical function tree and function panels for each of its functions, like the built-in LabWindows/CVI libraries. Click on the Select button to view the Configure function panel. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! PID Control Functions 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 7 4470 2580 4575 3060 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Using the Configure function, you can set up simple PID control loops. The Configure function contains all of the parameters for controlling the reaction of your loop, such as the setpoint, reset time, and so on. To learn more about the operation of the Configure function, right-click anywhere on the function panel to view the function help information. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Configuring Your PID Loop 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 9 4995 870 4680 1605 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the Done button when you are finished viewing the help. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Configuring Your PID Loop 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 11 2130 1650 4065 1710 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the Current Tree icon in the toolbar to return to the PID Control function tree. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Configuring Your PID Loop 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 ARR_U1B.BMP ARR_U1_.BMP 74 164 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 13 3120 2280 4860 2235 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT After you use the Configure function to set up your loop parameters, you can use the other functions in the library to programmatically change any of the parameters for your loop. For example, click on the Select button to view the Setpoint function panel. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 15 3735 1230 4815 1785 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Right-click anywhere on the panel to view the Setpoint function help information. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 17 3735 1230 4815 1785 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the Done button when you finished viewing the help information. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 19 3735 1230 4815 1785 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the Current Tree icon in the toolbar to return to the PID Control function tree. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 ARR_U1R.BMP ARR_U1_.BMP 69 164 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 21 3735 1230 4815 2160 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Once you have setup your loop parameters, you can use the Cycle functions to control the loop values during execution. Click on the Select button to view the Cycle functions. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Cycle Functions 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 23 3735 1230 4815 1785 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the Select button to view the Conventional Cycle function panel. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Cycle Functions 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 25 3315 270 5025 2415 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The Cycle function uses the current value of the process variable and the global loop parameters (setup with the Configure function) to compute a new output that keeps the process variable stable. Right-click anywhere on the function panel to view the Cycle function help information. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Controlling the Process Variable 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 27 4845 405 4935 1365 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the Done button when you are finished reading the help information ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Controlling the Process Variable 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 29 3420 120 5430 2430 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The PID Control Toolkit includes a number of example programs to show you how to use the PID functions to control a process. This example simulates control of a tank level. Pull down on the Run menu and select Run Project to run the program. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Running a PID Example 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 33 4725 3060 4950 2145 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT This example controls the level of a tank by automatically changing the valve position of the input valve supplying the tank. Click on the arrow to start the simulation. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Running a PID Example 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 PID.AVI 0 66 4575 4815 4425 2505 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT At any time during execution and control of the process loop, you can change the setpoint. The PID algorithms automatically bring the system back to equilibrium at the new setpoint level. Change the tank level setpoint to 20 by clicking on the slider at 20. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 2 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 ARR_R1R.BMP ARR_R1_.BMP 142 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 0 68 5010 4560 3900 2295 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Notice that the new setpoint is now 20, and the system initially responds by closing the valve. Click on the arrow to continue and watch as the system is brought back to stability with the new level of 20. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 2 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 PID.AVI 0 95 5010 4560 4170 1740 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT This concludes the PID Control Toolkit module. Click on the arrow to complete this module. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Changing the Setpoint 2 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 PID.AVI 1 16 100 245 263 85 265 86 275 101 318 127 554 190 554 190 159 165 156 164 435 389 435 389 190 54 190 54 561 189 561 189 193 120 193 120 448 390 448 390 188 55 188 55 539 191 538 191 572 190 572 190 203 125 227 170 438 389 437 389 199 105 199 106 203 100 202 100 -1 0 199 234 201 228 219 201 255 211 252 211 192 207 193 197 189 143 199 149 263 187 255 188 186 190 188 182 191 114 197 124 255 194 247 194 153 185 163 175 219 104 225 118 266 208 256 209 202 212 208 202 196 121 195 121 77 154 80 163 80 163 80 163 80 163 80 163 79 163 81 163 181 165 169 167 125 167 127 167 248 172 242 178 196 243 204 233 219 141 219 149 221 257 204 250 72 188 82 189 204 188 196 190 54 230 55 229 163 173 155 181 112 220 126 214 201 176 195 182 145 211 147 211 211 169 PID.AVI 95 0 0 641 481 0 1 0 79 227 119 261 0 1 1 210 72 286 95 0 1 2 226 73 302 97 0 1 1 209 91 359 113 0 1 2 242 115 392 137 0 1 1 513 177 599 199 0 1 2 510 178 596 200 0 1 3 6 85 560 414 0 1 4 -122 -1 432 327 0 1 1 405 378 491 397 0 1 2 391 378 477 398 0 1 1 176 43 200 64 0 1 2 177 43 201 63 0 1 1 511 180 600 199 0 1 2 516 178 604 198 0 1 3 8 84 566 413 0 1 4 -87 -45 471 283 0 1 1 405 379 491 397 0 1 2 404 380 490 398 0 1 1 178 42 199 64 0 1 2 177 43 197 65 0 1 1 511 180 595 196 0 1 2 495 182 579 198 0 1 1 512 178 599 198 0 1 2 527 179 615 199 0 1 3 9 85 564 414 0 1 4 -52 5 504 333 0 1 1 394 379 480 398 0 1 2 393 378 479 398 0 1 1 173 73 213 97 0 1 2 178 93 218 117 0 1 1 171 92 484 109 0 1 2 45 91 357 107 0 2 0 116 F5 0 1 9 42 225 354 241 0 1 9 44 219 356 235 0 1 9 62 192 374 208 0 1 9 98 202 410 218 0 1 9 95 202 407 218 0 1 9 35 198 347 214 0 1 9 36 188 348 204 0 1 9 32 134 344 150 0 1 9 42 140 354 156 0 1 9 106 178 418 194 0 1 9 98 179 410 195 0 1 9 29 181 341 197 0 1 9 31 173 343 189 0 1 9 34 105 346 121 0 1 9 40 115 352 131 0 1 9 98 185 410 201 0 1 9 90 185 402 201 0 1 9 -4 176 308 192 0 1 9 6 166 318 182 0 1 9 62 95 374 111 0 1 9 68 109 380 125 0 1 9 109 199 421 215 0 1 9 99 200 411 216 0 1 9 45 203 357 219 0 1 9 51 193 363 209 0 1 9 39 112 351 128 0 1 9 38 112 350 128 0 1 9 -80 145 232 161 0 1 9 -77 154 235 170 0 1 9 -77 154 235 170 0 1 9 -77 154 235 170 0 1 9 -77 154 235 170 0 1 1 51 154 97 173 0 1 2 55 152 101 172 0 1 9 57 152 103 172 0 1 9 157 154 203 174 0 1 9 145 156 191 176 0 1 9 101 156 147 176 0 1 9 103 156 149 176 0 1 9 224 161 270 181 0 1 9 218 167 264 187 0 1 9 172 232 218 252 0 1 9 180 222 226 242 0 1 9 195 130 241 150 0 1 9 195 138 241 158 0 1 9 197 246 243 266 0 1 9 180 239 226 259 0 1 9 48 177 94 197 0 1 9 58 178 104 198 0 1 9 180 177 226 197 0 1 9 172 179 218 199 0 1 9 30 219 76 239 0 1 9 31 218 77 238 0 1 9 139 162 185 182 0 1 9 131 170 177 190 0 1 9 88 209 134 229 0 1 9 102 203 148 223 0 1 9 177 165 223 185 0 1 9 171 171 217 191 0 1 9 121 200 167 220 0 1 9 123 200 169 220 0 1 9 187 158 233 178 -1 1 SYSTEM 10 0 0 0 0