PC World Komputer 1996 May

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50228 3.21 -1 1 28 58 0 38804 640 480 15 15 0 2175 330 4710 4530 2610 1695 6240 1875 BEGIN_TEXT LabWindows/CVI is a project-oriented development environment. You list the files that make up your project in the Project window, and LabWindows/CVI handles all of the compiling and linking for you. Project files can include ANSI C source, header files, user interface files, instrument drivers, DLLs, object files, or libraries. This example displays the standard project components: a user interface file (.UIR), a C source file, and a header file. These files are currently empty. In this tutorial, you will build a simple program using these files. Most program development starts with a definition of the user interface. Double-click on the SAMPLE.UIR file to open the LabWindows/CVI User Interface Editor. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Introduction 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 2 2370 1800 5955 2790 2370 1800 5955 2790 BEGIN_TEXT You are now looking at the User Interface Editor window. Here you will build a GUI for this example. You will define a new window and place controls and indicators for these windows, using the Create menu. Your first step in building a user interface is to create a panel (or window) for your program. Click on the Create menu and select Panel to create a window for your program. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! User Interface Editor Introduction 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 6 2610 1695 6240 1875 2610 1695 6240 1875 BEGIN_TEXT After you create a panel, you can begin adding controls and indicators. Click on the continue arrow for a tour of the controls and indicators available. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! User Interface Objects 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 9 4470 2970 6495 2295 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The Numeric menu contains controls and indicators for specifying or displaying numeric data on your user interface. Notice that the controls and indicators in LabWindows/CVI are specifically designed for displaying technical data. You can choose from tanks, meters, gauges, thermometers, in addition to standard sliders, knobs, and numeric inputs. Click on the arrow to continue the tour. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Numeric Controls and Indicators 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 10 4440 2955 6495 2070 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT LabWindows/CVI has five different types of command buttons, or push buttons, that you can use on your GUI. One of the command buttons is a picture button (on the far right) which can display bitmap or icon images that can make your controls or toolbars more intuitive. Click on the arrow to continue the tour. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Command Buttons 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 11 240 2865 6495 1980 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Toggle buttons have an on and off position, unlike command buttons which simply trigger an action. LabWindows/CVI has a variety of toggle controls, check boxes, and buttons that you can add to your GUI. Click on the arrow to continue the tour. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Toggle Buttons 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 12 1245 4485 4470 1635 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT You can add square or round LEDs as indicators on your GUI. Click on the arrow to continue the tour. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! LED Displays 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 13 1245 4485 4485 1770 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Binary switches provide another method for setting on/off states for your program from the GUI. Click on the arrow to continue. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Binary Switches 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 14 225 3900 5655 3555 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Ring controls are similar to Numeric controls, except that you can specify your own values for the labels of ring controls. For example, instead of having a numeric slide control with the choices '1', '2', and '3', you can use a ring control and specify 'volts', 'amps', and 'ohms' as choices. With the Picture Ring control (located in the lower right) you can specify a series of images (in .BMP, .OCX, and other formats) to be displayed. You can use a Picture Ring to display images representing on/off conditions, such as valves or switches, or you can index through a series of images for animation. Click on the arrow to continue the tour. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Ring Controls 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 15 1605 3720 5595 1770 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT LabWindows/CVI has a number of decorations to help you logically group and organize controls or indicators on your GUI. Click on the arrow to continue the tour. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Decorations 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 16 225 4590 4815 2625 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT You can add a Graph control to display waveform data on your GUI. The Strip Chart control displays real-time datapoints. You have seen some of the controls and indicators that you can choose from in LabWindows/CVI. Now you can begin building a GUI. Click on the arrow to begin learning to create a GUI. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Graphs and Strip Charts 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 18 255 4815 4740 2505 255 4815 4740 2505 BEGIN_TEXT Now you will write a simple program that acquires and displays a waveform. You will start by building the GUI for the program. The first control to add to your GUI is a command button. Select the Command Button entry and click on the first button type (in the upper left-hand corner) to add a Square Command Button to your GUI. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Graphs and Strip Charts 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 22 345 4725 4560 1635 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Once you have added a control to the GUI, you can use the mouse to position it. Click on the arrow to continue. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Positioning Controls 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 25 300 4620 4725 2640 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT You can customize the appearance and operation of any of the controls that you add to your GUI to fit your needs. You set attributes for each of the controls through a single, intuitive dialog box. You can double-click on any control to display the Edit dialog box for that control. Double-click on the control labeled OK to edit its attributes. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Editing the Command Button 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 27 915 4335 4860 3675 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT In this dialog box, you can set every attribute of the command button to match the requirements of your application. For command buttons, you can specify shortcut keys, button appearance options, and label text options. Perhaps the most important attributes of a control are its Source Code Connection attributes. In this example, the command button must trigger an acquisition. Therefore, we have named the button ACQUIRE. You use the Constant Name attribute to refer to the button in your source code. Click on the arrow to continue. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Control Edit Dialogs 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 ARR_L1B.BMP ARR_L1_.BMP 37 241 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 28 975 5100 4095 3240 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The Callback Function specified here is automatically invoked when a user clicks on the ACQUIRE button during program execution. For this example, we have specified a callback function named AcquireData. Later in the tutorial, you will write the AcquireData function to acquire a waveform and plot it on a Graph control. Click on the arrow to continue. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Callback Function Name 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 ARR_L1B.BMP ARR_L1_.BMP 63 272 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 29 1950 1680 3810 2745 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Because this button must trigger an acquisition, we have changed the label on the command button to 'Acquire Data.' Notice that the changes we make to the button are automatically reflected in the Quick Edit Window, so you can decide if you like the changes. Click on the arrow to continue. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Button Label 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 ARR_R1B.BMP ARR_R1_.BMP 256 392 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ -1 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 30 3975 2040 3945 1935 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT All of the important attributes for the command button are set. Click on the OK button to accept the changes and return to the GUI panel you are building. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Accept the Changes 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 32 1860 4620 3855 2220 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Now we will add a Quit button to the GUI for you. When a user clicks on the Quit button during program execution, the program ends. Click on the arrow and a new Command Button is added to your GUI. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Adding a Quit Button 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 -1 3 0 0 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 37 3105 4245 4440 1440 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Double-click on the button labeled OK to set its control attributes. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Edit the New Command Button 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 39 2775 2055 4710 2190 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT We have customized the new Command Button to make it a Quit button for you. When clicked on, the Quit button invokes a function named QuitProgram. The QuitProgram function ends program execution. Click on the OK button to accept these attributes. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Quit Button Attributes 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 41 2760 1215 4965 1665 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Now you must add a Graph control to your GUI. Pull down on the Create menu to display the list of available GUI controls. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Adding a Graph Control 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 43 4815 3165 5340 1185 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Select the Graph submenu and choose a Graph control. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Adding a Graph Control 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 46 450 2835 5745 1770 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT You can customize the Graph control the same way that you customize the Command Buttons, by double-clicking on the Graph to display its Edit dialog box. Double-click on the Graph control now, to display its Edit dialog box. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Customize the Graph Control 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 48 345 2655 6090 3390 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT The Graph control has many attributes that you can customize. These simple, interactive dialog boxes replace hundreds of lines of graphics library calls in traditional C or BASIC programming environments. You set up your graph control through these dialog boxes, without doing any additional coding. Keep in mind that you can change each attribute you set in this dialog box with a function call during program execution -- you maintain the flexibility of programmatic control over your GUI. Take a closer look at some of the attributes that you can set for the Graph control. Click on the Y-Axis... button. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Graph Control Attributes 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 50 3735 4275 5010 2010 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT You can set all of the axis properties from this dialog box. Some of the properties that you can select include auto scaling, log scales, engineering units, and axis label precision. Click on the OK button to return to the main Graph dialog box. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Y-Axis Options 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 52 4950 4335 4140 1335 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT Click on the OK button to return to the GUI you are building. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Accept the New Settings 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 0 54 2760 4320 5055 2565 0 0 0 0 BEGIN_TEXT You have completed the first step in writing a LabWindows/CVI application -- the GUI is complete. Before you start writing ANSI C source code, save the GUI file. LabWindows/CVI GUIs are saved as binary files called User Interface Resource (.UIR) files. Click on Save from the File menu to save your new GUI. ! BEGIN_TEXT ! Saving Your GUI 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 ~~ ~~ 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 -1 DEMOGUI1.AVI 1 14 87 87 87 86 129 64 129 63 134 81 133 81 131 62 131 62 141 123 163 190 164 205 148 224 152 241 148 254 163 287 159 305 161 188 161 187 162 191 162 191 313 197 313 197 316 251 198 177 166 138 174 142 174 142 97 239 111 243 83 233 421 443 421 442 178 365 145 62 145 61 312 199 312 198 186 365 186 365 416 443 415 443 145 61 144 61 150 303 317 307 317 307 327 250 326 249 221 276 221 275 272 423 272 423 439 454 439 454 66 62 66 61 72 129 72 128 DEMOGUI1.AVI 57 0 0 641 481 0 1 9 16 78 221 99 0 1 2 -16 75 188 95 0 1 1 113 52 161 71 0 1 2 104 52 152 72 0 1 1 112 71 298 86 0 1 2 39 72 225 88 0 1 1 37 53 223 69 0 1 2 37 53 223 69 0 1 1 47 114 233 130 0 1 1 69 181 255 197 0 1 1 70 196 256 212 0 1 1 54 215 240 231 0 1 1 58 232 244 248 0 1 1 54 245 240 261 0 1 1 69 278 255 294 0 1 1 65 296 251 312 0 1 1 112 181 299 201 0 1 2 66 176 254 196 0 1 1 112 182 301 200 0 1 2 67 181 255 199 0 1 1 296 184 329 218 0 1 2 296 179 328 213 0 1 1 299 233 331 267 0 1 1 181 159 213 193 0 1 2 149 120 181 154 0 1 9 149 124 193 154 0 1 2 151 126 195 156 0 1 0 152 77 194 93 0 1 0 89 234 131 250 0 1 0 448 268 475 289 0 1 1 368 430 464 455 0 1 2 372 429 468 453 0 1 1 129 352 225 376 0 1 1 96 49 192 73 0 1 2 96 48 192 72 0 1 1 263 186 359 210 0 1 2 263 185 359 209 0 1 9 157 352 201 378 0 1 2 163 351 207 377 0 1 1 372 432 462 456 0 1 2 369 430 459 454 0 1 1 112 52 162 71 0 1 2 118 50 168 70 0 1 1 113 293 301 313 0 1 1 298 297 330 329 0 1 2 300 290 332 322 0 1 9 210 161 493 379 0 1 2 183 139 467 357 0 1 1 180 268 269 286 0 1 2 176 265 264 283 0 1 1 212 413 299 437 0 1 2 227 410 315 434 0 1 1 370 440 460 462 0 1 2 393 442 483 464 0 1 1 41 50 77 71 0 1 2 47 50 83 70 0 1 1 43 118 231 137 0 1 2 -23 117 165 137 -2 1 1 SYSTEM 10 0 0 0 0