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- From: brian@XLNVAX.NOVELL.COM (Brian Meek)
- Subject: Re: Packet Drivers Reply Some More
- Reply-To: Novell LAN Interest Group <NOVELL%SUVM@clvm.clarkson.edu>
- Organization: Clarkson
- Date: 27 Feb 90 03:03:24 GMT
-
- > > 1. What are packet drivers, what are they used for, why?
- >
- > >Packet drivers serve two puposes: they hide the difference between PC
- > >Ethernet cards behind a software interface, and they allow multiple
- > >protocols (most often TCP/IP and Novell) access to the same Ethernet card.
- >
- > > 2. What in the !@#$%^^&* is ECONFIG used for (e.g. WHY is it used)?
- >
- > >ECONFIG changes the format of the packet sent out on the wire. Beyond
- > >that, I'm hazy of the details.
- >
- > Let's fill in a couple of more details...
- >
- > NetWare normally sends 802.3 formatted packets accross the network. The
- > packet driver and the public domain TCP/IP packages want an Ethernet
- > Type 2 packet to be compatible. There is
- > no problems with different packet types sharing the network. It is only
- > a problem when they have to communicate with one another.
- >
- > The ECONFIG utility modifies the NetWare packets to Ethernet Type 2
- > packets.
-
- This is essentially correct, but the main problem with Novell's standard
- "802.3" packet format is that it does not contain an 802.2 LLC header.
- This packet type will be ignored by protocols that use an ethernet packet
- format (such as TCP/IP) and can therefore peacefully coexist. However,
- when a protocol that uses 802.3 packet format expects to see the 802.2
- LLC info, the standard Novell packet can cause problems because the IPX
- header (immediately following the length/type field) is not a legal 802.2
- packet format.
-
- Generic Novell ethernet packet -
-
- |802.3 MAC Header | XNS / IPX Header|
- --------------------------------------
- |dadr | sadr | len | csum | len | etc.
- --------------------------------------
- ^^^^ Checksum is not used in IPX, FFFF is placed here.
- 802.2 LLC format -
-
- |802.3 MAC Header | 802.2 LLC Header | SNAP Ext. |
- =-----=------=-----=------=------=------=-----=-------=
- |dadr | sadr | len | dsap | ssap | cntl | pid | etype |
- =-----=------=-----=------=------=------=-----=-------=
-
- When an IPX packet is sent to a broadcast MAC address, the 802.2 devices
- examine the packet further... they see the nul-checksum "FFFF" and believe
- it represents a "Global DSAP" (Destination Service Access Point) packet.
- >From that point on, the IPX packet makes no sense to the 802.2 device.
-
- When Excelan (now Novell) first wrote NetWare drivers for the LAN WorkPlace
- for DOS, we recognized the problem that 802.2 devices would have with the
- regular IPX packet format and included an optional packet format that provided
- an 802.2 header and SNAP extension... this was before the "ECONFIG" option
- was available. ECONFIG became a necessity with the release of NetWare VMS,
- where NetWare traffic could not be retrieved by DEC's ethernet drivers without
- an 802.2 header or ethernet type field and might be required to share media
- with 802.3 devices. With the availability of ECONFIG, Excelan dropped the
- pseudo 802.2 packet format option and made the EXOS 205T drivers
- econfigurable.
-
- The "ECONFIGed" packet looks like this:
-
- |802.3 MAC Header | IPX Header... |
- =-----=------=-----=------=-----=-----=
- |dadr | sadr |type | csum | len | etc.|
- =-----=------=-----=------=-----=-----=
- (8137)
-
- Please note that only drivers that are specifically designed to work
- with ECONFIG are usable with ECONFIG. As Glenn said, there is not a
- problem (as far as NetWare is concerned) having both ECONFIGed and
- regular NetWare packets on the same cable. I encourage the use of econfig
- at all times.
-
- brian
- ____________________________________________________________________________
- Brian Meek Novell - 2180 Fortune Dr. San Jose, CA 95131
- Internet Mail: brian@novell.COM Phone: (408) 473-8375
- CompuServe: 76702,346 FAX: (408) 433-0775
-