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  1. #   phonetic_english.h - phonetic transformation rules for use with phonetic.c
  2. #   Copyright (C) 2000 Bj÷rn Jacke
  3. #
  4. #   This rule set is based on Lawrence Phillips original metaphone 
  5. #   algorithm with modifications made by Michael Kuhn in his
  6. #   C implantation, more modifications by Bj÷rn Jacke when
  7. #   converting the algorithm to a rule set and minor 
  8. #   touch ups by Kevin Atkinson
  9. #
  10. #   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  11. #   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  12. #   License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation;
  13. #
  14. #   This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  15. #   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  16. #   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  17. #   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  18. #
  19. #   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  20. #   License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
  21. #   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  22. #
  23. #   Bj÷rn Jacke may be reached by email at bjoern.jacke@gmx.de
  24. #
  25. #   Changelog:
  26. #
  27. #   2000-01-05  Bj÷rn Jacke <bjoern.jacke@gmx.de>
  28. #               - first version with translation rules derived from
  29. #                 metaphone.cc distributed with aspell 0.28.3
  30. #               - "TH" is now representated as "@" because "0" is a
  31. #                 meta character
  32. #               - removed TH(!vowel) --> T; always use TH --> # instead
  33. #               - dropped "^AE" -> "E" (redundant)
  34. #               - "ing" is transformed to "N", not "NK"
  35. #               - "SCH(EO)" transforms to "SK" now
  36. #               - added R --> SILENT if (after a vowel) and no (vowel or
  37. #                 "y" follows) like in "Marcy" or "abort"
  38. #               - H is SILENT in RH at beginning of words
  39. #               - H is SILENT if vowel leads and "Y" follows
  40. #               - some ".OUGH.."  --> ...F exceptions added
  41. #               - "^V" transforms to "W"
  42. #   2000-01-07  Kevin Atkinson <kevinatk@home.com>
  43. #               Converted from header to data file.
  44. #
  45.  
  46. version 1.1
  47.  
  48. AH(AEIOUY)-^         *H
  49. AR(AEIOUY)-^         *R
  50. A(HR)^               *
  51. A^                   *
  52. AH(AEIOUY)-          H
  53. AR(AEIOUY)-          R
  54. A(HR)                _
  55. BB-                  _
  56. B                    B
  57. CQ-                  _
  58. CIA                  X
  59. CH                   X
  60. C(EIY)-              S
  61. CK                   K
  62. COUGH^               KF
  63. CC<                  C
  64. C                    K
  65. DG(EIY)              K
  66. DD-                  _
  67. D                    T
  68. ╔<                   E
  69. EH(AEIOUY)-^         *H
  70. ER(AEIOUY)-^         *R
  71. E(HR)^               *
  72. ENOUGH^$             *NF
  73. E^                   *
  74. EH(AEIOUY)-          H
  75. ER(AEIOUY)-          R
  76. E(HR)                _
  77. FF-                  _
  78. F                    F
  79. GN^                  N
  80. GN$                  N
  81. GNS$                 NS
  82. GNED$                N
  83. GH(AEIOUY)-          K
  84. GH                   _
  85. GG9                  K
  86. G                    K
  87. H                    H
  88. IH(AEIOUY)-^         *H
  89. IR(AEIOUY)-^         *R
  90. I(HR)^               *
  91. I^                   *
  92. ING6                 N
  93. IH(AEIOUY)-          H
  94. IR(AEIOUY)-          R
  95. I(HR)                _
  96. J                    K
  97. KN^                  N
  98. KK-                  _
  99. K                    K
  100. LAUGH^               LF
  101. LL-                  _
  102. L                    L
  103. MB$                  M
  104. MM                   M
  105. M                    M
  106. NN-                  _
  107. N                    N
  108. OH(AEIOUY)-^         *H
  109. OR(AEIOUY)-^         *R
  110. O(HR)^               *
  111. O^                   *
  112. OH(AEIOUY)-          H
  113. OR(AEIOUY)-          R
  114. O(HR)                _
  115. PH                   F
  116. PN^                  N
  117. PP-                  _
  118. P                    P
  119. Q                    K
  120. RH^                  R
  121. ROUGH^               RF
  122. RR-                  _
  123. R                    R
  124. SCH(EOU)-            SK
  125. SC(IEY)-             S
  126. SH                   X
  127. SI(AO)-              X
  128. SS-                  _
  129. S                    S
  130. TI(AO)-              X
  131. TH                   @
  132. TCH--                _
  133. TOUGH^               TF
  134. TT-                  _
  135. T                    T
  136. UH(AEIOUY)-^         *H
  137. UR(AEIOUY)-^         *R
  138. U(HR)^               *
  139. U^                   *
  140. UH(AEIOUY)-          H
  141. UR(AEIOUY)-          R
  142. U(HR)                _
  143. V^                   W
  144. V                    F
  145. WR^                  R
  146. WH^                  W
  147. W(AEIOU)-            W
  148. X^                   S
  149. X                    KS
  150. Y(AEIOU)-            Y
  151. ZZ-                  _
  152. Z                    S
  153.  
  154. #The rules in a different view:
  155. #
  156. # Exceptions:
  157. #
  158. #  Beginning of word: "gn", "kn-", "pn-", "wr-"  ----> drop first letter
  159. #                     "Aebersold", "Gnagy", "Knuth", "Pniewski", "Wright"
  160. #
  161. #  Beginning of word: "x"                                ----> change to "s"
  162. #                                     as in "Deng Xiaopeng"
  163. #
  164. #  Beginning of word: "wh-"                              ----> change to "w"
  165. #                                     as in "Whalen"
  166. #  Beginning of word: leading vowels are transformed to "*"
  167. #
  168. #  "[crt]ough" and "enough" are handled separately because of "F" sound
  169. #
  170. #
  171. #  A --> A      at beginning
  172. #          _      otherwise
  173. #
  174. #  B --> B      unless at the end of word after "m", as in "dumb", "McComb"
  175. #
  176. #  C --> X      (sh) if "-cia-" or "-ch-"
  177. #          S      if "-ci-", "-ce-", or "-cy-"
  178. #                 SILENT if "-sci-", "-sce-", or "-scy-", or "-cq-"
  179. #          K      otherwise, including in "-sch-"
  180. #
  181. #  D --> K      if in "-dge-", "-dgy-", or "-dgi-"
  182. #          T      otherwise
  183. #
  184. #  E --> A      at beginnig
  185. #          _      SILENT otherwise
  186. #  
  187. #  F --> F
  188. #
  189. #  G -->        SILENT if in "-gh-" and not at end or before a vowel
  190. #                            in "-gn" or "-gned" or "-gns"
  191. #                           in "-dge-" etc., as in above rule
  192. #          K      if before "i", or "e", or "y" if not double "gg"
  193. #
  194. #          K      otherwise (incl. "GG"!)
  195. #
  196. #  H -->        SILENT if after vowel and no vowel or "Y" follows
  197. #                        or after "-ch-", "-sh-", "-ph-", "-th-", "-gh-"
  198. #                        or after "rh-" at beginning
  199. #          H      otherwise
  200. #
  201. #  I --> A      at beginning
  202. #          _      SILENT otherwise
  203. #
  204. #  J --> K
  205. #
  206. #  K -->        SILENT if after "c"
  207. #          K      otherwise
  208. #
  209. #  L --> L
  210. #
  211. #  M --> M
  212. #  
  213. #  N --> N
  214. #
  215. #  O --> A      at beginning
  216. #          _      SILENT otherwise
  217. #
  218. #  P --> F      if before "h"
  219. #          P      otherwise
  220. #
  221. #  Q --> K
  222. #
  223. #  R -->        SILENT if after vowel and no vowel or "Y" follows
  224. #          R      otherwise
  225. #
  226. #  S --> X      (sh) if before "h" or in "-sio-" or "-sia-"
  227. #          SK     if followed by "ch(eo)" (SCH(EO))
  228. #          S      otherwise
  229. #
  230. #  T --> X      (sh) if "-tia-" or "-tio-"
  231. #          0      (th) if before "h"
  232. #                 silent if in "-tch-"
  233. #          T      otherwise
  234. #
  235. #  U --> A      at beginning
  236. #          _      SILENT otherwise
  237. #
  238. #  V --> V      if first letter of word
  239. #          F      otherwise
  240. #
  241. #  W -->        SILENT if not followed by a vowel
  242. #          W      if followed by a vowel
  243. #
  244. #  X --> KS
  245. #
  246. #  Y -->        SILENT if not followed by a vowel
  247. #          Y      if followed by a vowel
  248. # 
  249. #  Z --> S
  250.    
  251.