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MANUAL.TXT
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AUTODESK ADI 4.2 Protected Mode Driver:
The Orchid Graphics Series driver is a professional quality PADI (Protected
mode Autodesk Driver Interface) driver to be used with AutoCAD Release
11/12, 3D Studio 1.0/2.0, and AutoShade 2.1.
Features
- Protected mode operation, PADI 4.2 specification.
- 32 bit display list for "no regen" operation.
- Display list operation with 36 active viewports, including
pspace and perspective viewports.
- Birds-Eye and Edge-Pan features for convenient zooms and pans.
- Dynamic (real-time) pan & zoom in birds-eye.
- Spy-Glass feature.
- Icon-based menu system.
- Partial redraws on overlapping vports.
- Intelligent clean-up (Erase Buffer) to eliminate "flashing".
- Display list memory meter.
- AutoCAD memory usage statistics.
- Paging Alarm - disables display list usage when paging becomes
excessive.
- Reliable dual screen operation.
- Variable font support- allows fonts up to 16 by 30 in size.
- International font support.
- User configurable screen colors.
- 15 and 16 bit "Band-Free" rendering support.
- 24 bit Rendering support.
- Text screen emulation window for Release 12.
Font Configuration:
------------------
1. The Driver will detect the Autodesk application that it is being
configured for, and will provide correct defaults for all of the
various applications. By accepting all of the default parameters,
your driver will be configured correctly. This works with AutoCAD,
AutoShade, or 3D Studio.
2. This driver will use the 8 bit international font in the VGA BIOS
(8x16), or an MasterCAD optional font file if present. Font files
may be in any size up to 16 x 30.
3. The driver searches for the file "*.AQF" in the current directory.
If it finds AQF files it will offer these font on the popup menu
configuration in AutoCAD.
Name Width Height Int'l Comments
=========================================================================
none 8 16 yes VGA default
6x9.fnt 6 9 yes extremely small
8x16.fnt 8 16 yes more legible than VGA font
9x15.fnt 9 15 no good for 800 modes
12x20.fnt 12 20 no good for 1024 modes & small CRTs
12x24.fnt 12 24 no good for 1024 or 1280 modes
15x25.fnt 15 25 no best for 1280 modes & small CRTs
16x30.fnt 16 30 no only useful for 1280 modes
NOTE: The international font files are the only ones that will work
satisfactorily with 3D Studio. All others may have strange
characters instead of the arrows that you are used to seeing. This
is perfectly OK, but often a little confusing. Most of the arrow
heads needed to make the 12x20.fnt work with 3DS have been added,
but it has NOT a full 8 bit international font.
Screen Layout
--------------
AutoCAD Screen layout -
1. Current Color Display - The rectangle in the top left of the screen
displays the current drawing color.
2. Logo - This is used to display the manufacturers logo.
3. Display Status Area - This area is present only when display list has
been enabled.
Memory Status - This provides a percentage of total system memory that
is being used by AutoCAD. AutoCAD may start to slow down when this
display exceeds 100%. After this figure exceeds 150%, "paging" will
occur.
Display/Screen Lists Memory Status - This shows the amount of memory
being used by the display list and screen list. When this line reads
"Empty", this means that there is no drawing in memory (new drawing).
Display List Status -
D 32 bit display list data is in use.
d 16 bit display list data has been selected.
Z Zooming from the display list is allowed.
z Pspace and perspective zooms by AutoCAD. Birds-eye will not
work in viewport.
P Page alarm enabled and paging occurred recently.
p Page alarm enabled and no paging has occurred.
E Edge-pan enabled. Edge pan is impending.
e Edge-pan enabled but none impending.
Graphics Flip Screen -
When enabled, the Graphics Flip Screen will emulate the VGA text window.
Use the F1 key to toggle between modes. If you wish to execute any DOS
commands, the driver will switch the screen to a full screen text mode
which allows for a full DOS compatibility. If you are using a plot
spooler or other TSR which requires a compatible "pop-up" window, this
option must be disabled.
Birds-Eye View -
MasterCAD provides you with an advanced Birds-Eye that is rich in
features.
Lockable Birds-Eye mode anchors the Birds-Eye to the screen for ready
access.
Powerful Dynamic PAN & ZOOM mode allows easy movement around the drawing.
A Motif-style interface makes moving and re-sizing the Bird's-Eye a breeze.
Quick Icons provide fast access to features.
Birds-Eye Shortcuts
Enable Birds-Eye
To display the birds-eye window, double click the right mouse button.
Disable Birds-Eye
To remove the birds-eye window, simply move your mouse until the cursor is
no longer inside the birds-eye. If this does not work, the birds-eye is in
static mode. To remove a static birds-eye, click on the window close
button in the top left corner of the birds-eye.
Pan / Zoom
To switch between pan and zoom, press the right mouse button.
Real time pan and zoom
Press the left mouse button (pick button), while pressing either shift
key. The middle mouse button on a 3 button mouse also works.
Zoom vmax
Click on the zoom extents icon at the top of the birds-eye window.
Birds-Eye Usage -
This is one of the most simple and intuitive means of panning and zooming
within a drawing possible. A bird's eye window is analogous to the "You
are here" maps in shopping malls. It give you an overall view of the
drawing, showing you exactly where you are in that drawing. It also lets
you change the zoom factor and offset (panning) without entering any
AutoCAD commands, and your hand never has to leave the digitizer puck
or mouse.
Bird's eye also works in multiple viewport drawings, and will appear in
the aspect ratio of the currently active viewport.
When activated, either by entering the "AQBIRD" command, or by double-
clicking the proper digitizer button, the bird's eye view will appear
under the current cursor location. In this window will appear a small
overall view of the amount of the drawing that AutoCAD has currently
placed in MasterCAD's display list. A highlighted rectangle will appear
within this window (filled white rectangle), indicating the currently
viewed area.
Also within this window is an outline rectangle that moves around with
the digitizer. This indicates the area that will be shown if a bird's eye
zoom is completed. If this rectangle contains an "X" in the middle, then
the bird's eye is in pan mode. If this rectangle contains an arrow, then
the bird's eye is in zoom mode. This is the same user interface presented
by AutoCAD in the "ZOOM DYNAMIC" command, and should be intuitive.
Pressing the pick button on your mouse or digitizer (left button with most
any mouse) allows you to toggle between zoom and pan modes in the bird's
eye window. You may move the pointing device around inside the new view.
Pressing the selection button on your digitizer causes the selected view
to be used in the currently active viewport.
Pressing the pick button on your mouse or digitizer while simultaneously
pressing the "Shift" key on your keyboard toggles the birds-eye between
static and dynamic zoom modes. When in Dynamic zoom mode, MasterCAD
will instantly update the current viewport as you move the mouse.
Moving the cursor outside the bird's eye window cancels the function, and
does not affect the current view.
Bird's Eye Icons -
Lock Icon
This Icon locks the Birds-Eye on to the screen. When selected, this Icon
will be replaced by the UnLock Icon and the Birds-Eye will remain on the
screen. When the Birds-Eye is locked you can freely move back and forth
between AutoCAD and the Birds-Eye.
UnLock Icon
Depressing this Icon unlocks the Birds-Eye on screen. When the Birds-Eye
is unlocked, it is automatically removed from the screen when you execute
a command or exit Bird's-Eye.
Dynamic Mode On Icon
By depressing this Icon you enable Dynamic PAN & ZOOM. As you move the
cursor around the Birds-Eye, the contents of the cursor are zoomed into
your current viewport. Dynamic Mode can also be toggled on and off by
pressing the pick button on the mouse while holding down either SHIFT
key.
Dynamic Mode Off Icon
Depressing this Icon will disable the Dynamic Pan & Zoom modes.
Zoom All Icon
The Zoom All Icon is provided to allow you to zoom to the extents of the
local display list. Unlike AutoCAD's Zoom All or Zoom Extents commands,
this command will not force a regen. It is very useful when zooming back
out to the extents of the drawing.
Sync Icon
The Sync Icon allows for the synchronization of the Birds-Eye with the
current viewport. Occasionally it is useful to have the Birds-Eye match
the current viewport. Executing this Icon will force AutoCAD to perform
a regen on the Viewport followed by the Bird's-Eye resetting itself to
match the viewport.
Repaint Icon
Depressing the Repaint Icon allows the Birds-Eye to be brought up to
date. The Birds-Eye will get out of sync with the viewport when blocks
are moved or deleted.
Edge Pan -
Edge-pan is used to move around while zoomed into a drawing. By leaving
the cursor near the border of the currently active viewport, this driver
will automatically begin to pan in that direction. This only begins if the
cursor is left idle for a predetermined length of time. There are a
number of configuration settings to use, and they can be changed within
AutoCAD. Experimentation will yield the best results for your needs.
Paging Alarm -
When AutoCAD's memory requirements exceed the amount of physical memory
available in your machine, it begins "paging", in order to gain extra
memory. Paging means that certain memory areas are traded back and forth
with a "swap file" on the hard drive. Due to the difference in access
speed between main memory, and this "virtual" memory that is on the hard
drive, AutoCAD begins to slow down, often to the point of being unusable.
To combat this, memory is used very sparingly, and only when absolutely
necessary. As a second line of defense against paging, when the amount
of memory paged out to disk exceeds several preset thresholds, the driver
begins shutting down extra functions, and returns the memory to AutoCAD.
When paging activity exceeds the first threshold, the screen-list feature
is disabled and all associated memory is returned to AutoCAD. At this
point, the screen list status line will disappear from the status window.
Should paging activity continue, the driver will disable the display list
feature and return all of the memory to AutoCAD. When this happens, the
second line of the status window will say "Disabled", to indicate that all
display list functionality has been terminated.
The driver will continue to function as normal, but redraws will be slower.
However, AutoCAD itself will now be much faster than it was when the paging
was occurring. This allows you to complete your drawing session in much
less time.
Icon Menu System
MasterCAD Icon menus provide powerful tools to automate your use of
AutoCAD. MasterCAD contains a number of features:
Icon Library Manager allows you to create and maintain Icon libraries
without leaving AutoCAD.
Icon Menu Manager allows for the building of individual menus. These menus
may be linked.
Chained Menus - Icon menus maybe chained up to three levels deep. Icons
maybe created using either AutoCAD .SLD files or using Windows .BMP files.
You can link Icon libraries to create an unlimited number of menus.
MasterCAD comes with a number of pre-configured menus. This allows you to
become immediately productive.
Icon Tablet
Invoking Icon Tablet
Press either shift key while clicking the pick button on your mouse or
tablet.
The Icon tablet is initiated using the AQICON command. Executing this
command will display the first menu found in the Icon file. A specific
menu within the Icon file can be executed by attaching a menu name to the
AQICON command (that is, AQICON=Display.)
When moving the cursor around the tablet, the current icon will be
depressed and the command help will be displayed in the upper left corner
of the screen.
Some Icons may invoke other Icon tablets. To cancel out of an Icon Pop-up
tablet, simply move the cursor out of the Icon window. You may exit the
main Icon tablet window by depressing the "close" Icon in the Title Bar.
Creating New Icons & Libraries
New Icons may be added to an existing library or a new Icon library may be
created. Adding Icons to a library is a three step process.
Create the Icon.
Add the Icon to the library using the Icon Library Manager.
Associate an Icon with a menu using the Icon Menu Manager.
Creating Icons
Icons maybe created with AutoCAD. In AutoCAD, draw the Icon you want.
Then zoom in to the full size of the Viewport. Create a slide file of the
view using the MSLIDE function. This slide can be added to the Icon
library.
For best results create your Icons using a square Viewport on the screen.
Slides created in a square viewport will not appear distorted when drawn as
a square Icon.
If you wish to have Black vectors on the Gray Icon, draw your Icons using
Color 255. This color will be translated to Black when drawn as an Icon.
Icons may also be created using Windows image editors that create .BMP
files. The Icon Library Manager recognizes .BMP files with the following
format:
Sixteen or 256 colors -- The Icon Library Manager remaps the colors, to
avoid problems with AutoCAD color map. All colors above 10 are remapped
into the first 10 colors in AutoCAD.
32 x 32 Pixel format.
Uncompressed pixel data.
These files may be created using Window Paint or one of a number of Icon
editors.
Icon Library Manager
The Icon Library Manager can be invoked with the command AQLIB. This
function allows you to add, modify or delete Icons in an Icon library.
You are provided with a menu that allows you to change the icon image,
commands used, and help menu prompt to use for each icon in the library.
Selecting an Icon
Upon entry into the window you are presented with the first icon in the
Library. You may scroll through the library using the icon bar. The left
and right buttons page you trough the Icon library. To activate an Icon to
edit, simply select an Icon on the bar. You can create a new Icon by
selecting an empty Icon. You can insert a new icon into a specific
location or delete icons from the library. These operations are performed
using the Insert or Delete buttons.
Modifying an Icon
An Icon is composed of three pieces of information, the Icon data, Help,
and Command strings. Click on the file field to enter the name of the .SLD
or .BMP file that defines the Icon.
Once you have defined the Icon, you attach a Help message and a command
string to it. The Help string provides up to 40 characters of help to
clarify the meaning of the Icon. This is useful when creating new Icon
menus and passing them around to others. It also makes a halpful reminder
of the icon's function when creating a new icon library.
Icon Command
The Icon Command is a string of up to 200 characters that is sent to
AutoCAD when the Icon is pressed. AutoCAD does not process the command
using the Menu processor. As a result you can not use the same strings as
used in an AutoCAD menu file. For example the "\" (backslash) character
is not supported for collecting user input in the middle of a command.
MasterCAD does provide several special characters or springs to control
processing of the command's strings.
^ The caret character is a signal that the next character is
interpreted as a control character.
; The Semicolon is translated to a space character. This is
necessary at the end of command strings. All blank characters
are stripped from the end of the command string.
$P=menuname This command string allows you to execute pop-up menus.
The menuname must be a valid menu within the current Icon
Library. Popup tablets may be nested up to a maximum of
three levels.
$S= This command string signals the command processor to buffer up
commands. When executed, the tablet menu will remain on the screen
and the command placed in a buffer. The maximum buffer size is 200
characters.
$E= This string removes the tablet menu from the screen and sends the
contents of the buffer to AutoCAD.
Chaining Icon Libraries
Icon Libraries can be chained together by placing pointer Icons in each
Library that point to the other library. The command string for the icon
pointing to another library would contain:
aqiconload=libraryname;aqicon;
This command would load in the new library and bring up the first menu in
the file. Icon libraries are specifically designed to load quickly to
allow the easy movement between libraries.
Icon Menu Manager
Once you have entered all the Icons you want, use the Icon Menu Manager to
organize your icons into menus. An individual Icon Menu may be composed of
up to 50 Icons.
To Create a new menu.
Tab through the menus to a blank menu.
Click on the menu name field to give the menu a name.
Click on an Icon in the Icon selection and drag it down to the menu area.
Click on the menu and the Icon will fall into place.
Removing Icons from Menus
You can remove an icon from the menu by selecting the icon, moving off the
menu and dropping the icon. The selected icon will be removed and the menu
will collapse.
Moving Icons In Menus
You can move an Icon from one position to another in a menu. Click on the
Icon to move. Move to the new location and drop the Icon.
Custom Menu Design -
The following is an example of how to write a menu of useful functions
for MasterCAD that will work with Release 12. It should be added to your
standard "ACAD.MNU" file, and then recompiled. Please see the "Custom
Menus" chapter of the "AutoCAD Customization Manual" for more information.
***POP10
[MasterCAD]
[--]
[Driver Status]AQDRQ
[Dlist Status]'textscr;AQDLQ
[--]
[->Edge Pan]
[On/Off]AQEPAN
[Fast Pan]AQPANTM1=18;AQPANTM2=1
[Bump Pan]AQPANTM1=10;AQPANTM2=18
[--]
[->Border Size]
[Narrow]AQPANBRD=5
[Medium]AQPANBRD=20
[<-Wide]AQPANTM2=40
[->Delay]
[Fast ]AQPANTM1=10
[Medium]AQPANTM1=27
[<-Slow]AQPANTM1=60
[->Repeat Rate]
[Fast ]AQPANTM2=1
[Medium]AQPANTM2=3
[<-<-Slow]AQPANTM2=9
[->Birds Eye]
[On]'aqbird
[Small]AQBESZ=15
[Medium]AQBESZ=30
[<-Large]AQBESZ=50
[--]
[->Zooms]
[In]AQZI
[Out]AQZO
[Way In]AQZWI
[Way Out]AQZWO
[<-Birds Eye]'_zoom _extents AQZWI
[->Pans]
[Left]AQPL
[Right]AQPR
[Up]AQPU
[<-Down]AQPD
Appendix
Icon Menu System Details
The Icon menu system has been designed to provide maximum flexibility for
the user, but like every thing in this world, there are some limitations.
Once you are aware of the limitations of the MasterCAD menu system, you
will be able to create a wide variety of menus to suit your needs.
30 menus per menu file.
50 icons per menu.
512 icons per file.
Please note that if your requirements exceed these limitations, you may
chain menus together to achieve the desired effect.
Menu Files
The following files are involved in the creation and use of icon menus:
*.BMP files. These files can be read into the MasterCAD icon menus. Once
loaded into a menu file and saved, the bitmap files are not needed anymore,
and may be deleted to conserve disk space.
*.SLD files. These files can be read into the MasterCAD icon menus. Once
loaded into a menu file and saved, the slide files are not needed anymore,
and may be deleted to conserve disk space.
*.ICN files. These are the Icon Menu files that are loaded into MasterCAD.
These files are created with the aid of the MasterCAD Icon Library Manager
and the MasterCAD Icon Menu Manager.
Menu Sizes
The size of each menu will vary, according to the number of icons in each
menu. The following information is useful in designing your own menu
layouts.
Width
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5
2 6 7,8 10 13 17,18
3 9 11,12 14,15 21 26,27
Height 4 16 19,20 22,-24 28 31,32 36
5 29,30 33-35 37-40 43-45 50
6 25 41,42
7 49
8 46-48
Erase buffer -
When AutoCAD erases objects from the drawing database, it erases them from
the screen as well. Sometimes this action causes other objects to appear
erased as well. The "redraw" command has no effect, but a "regen" causes
the objects to appear correctly.
This problem can be solved by using the erase buffer to correct the display
corruption that occurs when objects are erased from the drawing. Normally,
AutoCAD will request that the driver erase a line from the screen by drawing
it in black. This causes the erased object to flash on and off the screen
during redraws.
Another side effect is that objects near the erased one may appear to be
incomplete. To correct this in the fastest manner possible, the driver will
keep a list of erased vectors, and erase them only when the buffer fills.
This speeds up block erasures considerably.
There are certain after market software packages for AutoCAD, such as CAD
Overlay, which rely upon the ability to draw objects in black (background
color). If you are using one of these packages and the screen images keep
coming up distorted, you may need to disable the erase buffer.
Band-Free Rendering -
When using the 15 or 16 bit rendering modes, often times the images appear
"banded". This banding or staircasing occurs most often on objects with
large sloping or gently curving surfaces. Band-Free rendering improves the
image quality in these modes.
The "Band-Free" effect can be controlled as well. It may be set to "Low",
"Medium", or "High", depending upon how much of the banding you want to
eliminate. This feature will be of limited use to users of AutoShade,
but is beneficial to users of Autodesk RenderMan and 3D Studio.
Driver status (^L)
Typing a ^L at the AutoCAD command prompt will give the user a display of
the current display resolution, and memory allocation statistics. If
invoked from the text screen, the command used to provide help on the
driver local commands will also be displayed.
Help screen (AQHLP)
The help screen function displays a list and brief description of all the
driver local commands. This command is best executed from the text screen
(flip screen), as the list will be much longer than the 3 lines allowed
inside the drawing editor.
AQSCR
This command brings up a menu of all the menu colors used inside AutoCAD.
You may change individual colors, or choose among different color schemes.
By using this command, you can change the colors used by MasterCAD in
various areas of the AutoCAD screen.
AQCTL
The Control Panel feature allows you to set a number of features and save
them away for future use. These include screen saver settings, coordinate
alignment, birds eye cursor appearance, and digitizer button remappings.
AQBUT
This command brings up a menu of all the commands assigned to puck buttons
by MasterCAD. You may save any button commands you wish, and vary the
double click delay as well.
AQPAL
This command brings up a menu of all the colors available in the drawing
area. You will be allowed to change individual colors, or select entire
new color schemes.
AQSTAT=x
This command allows you to change the appearance of the logo and status
area (lower right corner of screen). The changes you make to the
appearance will not take effect until the next time that you start AutoCAD.
The changes will also be saved in the configuration file, so they are
permanent from AutoCAD session to the next.
AQSTAT=0 disables logo and status display.
AQSTAT=1 status display only, normal appearance
AQSTAT=3 status only, window appearance
AQSTAT=4 logo only, normal appearance
AQSTAT=5 status and logo, normal appearance
AQSTAT=6 logo only, window appearance
AQSTAT=7 status and logo, window appearance
AQCOORDJ=x
Using the options of this command, you can relocate the coordinate display
on the top line of the screen. "AQCOORDJ=0" sets the coordinate display to
a left-hand justified mode. "AQCOORDJ=1" sets MasterCAD to a center-
justified mode. "AQCOORD=2" sets MasterCAD to draw coordinates with right-
hand justification
AQCOORDL=x
This command sets the location (left column) for the coordinates that
appear on the top line of the AutoCAD screen. This is ignored if centered
or right-justified coordinates are used, but will take effect if left-
justified ("AQCOORDJ=0") are used. If a negative number is used, the
coordinates will appear with the correct number of columns from the right
side of the coordinate area.
AQSS=x
This command enables or disables MasterCAD's built in screen saver. To
disable the screen saver (default when shipped), use the command "AQSS=0".
To set the screen saver to 5 minutes, enter "AQSS=5". Valid values are
from 0 to 60 minutes.
AQDLQ
This command will give a printout of all the viewports currently in use,
along with some useful statistics about each one. Perspective or
paperspace viewports will be listed as such, and the current viewport
will be indicated. Each viewport will list the amount of memory used by
it, as well as the number of erased vectors.
In multiple viewport drawings this will print out a large number of lines,
so it is better to perform this command from the text screen.
AQDRQ
This command will indicate the status of many features of the driver, and
will perform exactly the same as the driver status command.
AQCLN
When editing drawings, sometimes you may notice a flashing of erased or
moved objects on the screen during redraws. This command will remove those
objects from the display list by initiating a "cleaning" cycle. This can
be executed at any time, even if the Erase Buffer has been disabled.
AQCOLOR=index,red,green,blue
This allows you to change the appearance of each color on the screen. It
may be useful when trying to match screen colors to plotter pens. The
valid range for all values is 0 - 255.
AQICON=menu
This will cause an icon menu to be displayed on the screen. If no parameter
is given, the default icon menu is displayed. If the parameter passed is
the name of a sub-menu, it will be displayed as the main menu. This may be
used to activate different submenus with different digitizer buttons.
AQICONLOAD=filename
Loads a new icon library into memory, over the top of the existing menu.
If filename does not exist the icon menu is disabled.
AQLIB
This will bring up the Icon Library Manager screen. You may add or remove
icons from or to the loaded menu.
AQMENU
This will bring up the Icon Menu Manager screen. With this screen you may
combine icons defined in the library into menus.
AQBIRD
This will cause the bird's eye window to appear underneath the current
cursor location. The window will display an overall view of the contents
of the currently active viewport. If the current viewport is a paperspace
or perspective viewport, the bird's eye will not appear.
AQEPAN
Entering this command will toggle on & off the edge pan feature. It may
be disabled and re-enabled at any time during an AutoCAD session. The
bottom line in the status window will be updated to reflect the change.
AQPL
This will pan the current viewport to the left by 25 percent. Regens
are never authorized by this command.
AQPR
This will pan the current viewport to the right by 25 percent. Regens
are never authorized by this command.
AQPU
This will pan the current viewport up by 25 percent. Regens are never
authorized by this command.
AQPD
This will pan the current viewport down by 25 percent. Regens are never
authorized by this command.
AQZI
This will zoom in the current viewport by 50 percent. Regens are never
authorized by this command.
AQZO
This will zoom out the current viewport by 50 percent. Regens are never
authorized by this command.
AQZX
This will zoom the current viewport to the extents (extreme edges) of
the display list. Regens are never authorized by this command.
AQZWI
Only available under Release 12, this special zoom command performs a
"ZOOM WAY IN", while keeping the same scale factor on the screen. This
will cause a regen to occur. Upon completion, you will be able to zoom
in futher before another regen will occur. Careful use of this command
upon loading a drawing can eliminate subsequent regens.
When finished, the viewport will look exactly as it did before. The
difference is that now you will be able to zoom in much farther before
a regen occurs. In the case of 32 bit display lists, subsequent regens
may never occur.
By performing a "ZOOM ALL", followed by an "AQZWI" command, you will be
able to zoom in and out of your drawing as much as possible without
causing further regens. This can also be used to eliminate the small
bird's eye image that is present when loading drawings in Release 12.
AQZWO
Only available under Release 12, this special zoom command performs a
"ZOOM WAY OUT", while keeping the same scale factor on the screen. This
is the conceptual opposite of the AQZWI command.
This will cause a regen to occur. Upon completion, you will be able to
zoom out as far as possible before another regen will occur. This can be
very useful when making large additions to your drawings, such as array
copying, or cross referencing other drawing files.
To get the most out of this command, zoom in as far as you will need into
your drawing. Then enter "AQZWO". When finished with the regen cycle, you
will be able to pan and zoom out as much as possible without incurring
further regens. This will allow you to add large blocks of data to your
drawing without limiting your ability to zoom around it.
AQSPY=xx
This command can be used to change the size of the Spy Glass windows. This
is the area around the cursor that is magnified in the Spy Glass. The
default window size is 25 pixels. To change the window to 50 pixels,
"AQSPY=50" would be used.
AQPANSCR=xx
Changing the amount of the viewport scrolled by the edge pan feature is
accomplished here. The value must be between 10 and 80, and is a
percentage of the viewport size. Example- to set the scroll distance to
one quarter of the viewport size, "AQPANSCR=25" would be used.
AQPANBRD=xx
This will change the width of the edge pan border. The value must be
between 5 and 50, and is in number of pixels. Example- to set the edge
pan scroll zone to 16 pixels, "AQPANBRD=16" would be used.
AQPANTM1=xx
This command allows you to change the amount of initial delay used before
the edge pan begins to happen. This is given in number of "clicks", or
fractions of a second. There are 18 "clicks" to a second. Valid range
for this command is between 10 and 64. Example- to set the initial delay
to 1.5 seconds, "AQPANTM1=27" would be used.
AQPANTM2=xx
This command allows you to change the amount of repeating delay used
after the edge pan begins. This is given in number of "clicks", or
fractions of a second. There are 18 "clicks" to a second. Valid range
for this command is between 1 and 18. Example- to set the repeating rate
to twice a second, "AQPANTM2=9" would be used.
AQEBUF=xx
This command is used to change the size of the Erase Buffer. If zero is
used, the buffer is turned off. Example- to set the Erase Buffer to 25
objects, "AQEBUF=25" would be used. Valid range for this command is 0
(zero) to 32000.
Orchid Graphics Driver Commands -
AQHLP The help screen function displays a list of all the driver
local commands, and gives a brief description of each.
AQLIB This will bring up the Icon Library Manager screen.
AQMENU This will bring up the Icon Menu Manager screen.
AQDLQ Displays on a text or flipscreen all the viewports currently
in use, along with some useful statistics about each one.
AQDRQ Displays current display resolution and memory allocation
statistics (CTRL-L provides the same function).
AQCLN Removes objects from display list.
AQBIRD Displays Birds-eye window underneath current cursor location.
AQEPAN Toggles on and off the Edge-pan feature.
AQPL Pan to the left by 25 percent.
AQPR Pan to the right by 25 percent.
AQPU Pan up by 25 percent.
AQPD Pan down by 25 percent.
AQZI Zoom in by 50 percent.
AQZO Zoom out by 50 percent.
AQZWI "Zoom way in" while using the same scale factor. Only available
in AutoCAD 12. Zooms in as much as possible before another
regen will occur.
AQZWO "Zoom way out". Only available in AutoCAD 12.
AQBESZ=xx Resize the Birds-eye window. Valid number is between 10 and
50, and it is a percentage of the graphics creen size.
AQCOLOR=x,x,x,x Index,RED,GREEN,BLUE ; The value range is 0-255
AQICONLOAD=file Loads a new icon library into memory, over the top of the
existing menu.
AQICON=menu This will cause an icon menu to be displayed on the screen.
AQPANSCR=xx Amount of the viewport scrolled by the edge-pan feature.
Valid number must be between 10 and 80, and it is a
percentage of the viewport size.
AQSPY=xx This command can be used to change the size of the Spy
Glass window.
AQSS=x This command enables or disables MasterCAD's built in
screen saver.
AQPANBRD=xx Width of the edge-pan border given in number of pixels.
Valid number must be between 5 and 50.
AQPANTM1=xx Amount of initial delay given in number of "clicks" or
fractions of a second used before the edge-pan begins.
Valid range is 10 to 64.
AQPANTM2=xx Amount of time before another edge-pan begins. Valid number
is between 1 to 18.
AQEBUF=xx Size of the erase buffer. Using 0 turns off the buffer.
AutoCAD Performance Tuning
Memory -
AutoCAD Releases 11 and 12 have a ravenous appetite for memory. In order
for AutoCAD to run at its best, you should have a large amount of DRAM
(Dynamic Random Access Memory) in your system. Both AutoCAD and MasterCAD
are designed to work at their best when a large amount of memory is
available. There is no fixed rule, but the following general formula is
a good guideline:
Anything less than 4 megabytes is not recommended. 4 MB is barely usable.
For the user who spends less than 2 hours a day using AutoCAD, 8MB is
probably sufficient.
If you are impatient, have large drawings, use AME or 3rd party software,
or spend most of your workday using AutoCAD, 12 to 16MB is reasonable
and 32 megabytes is ideal. The increase in productivity will quickly
offset the cost.
Disk optimization -
A disk drive will operate at its fastest when all files are located in
physically contiguous areas on the drive. Over the course of time these
files become "fragmented", which means that different parts of the file
may be in physically different locations on the drive. The act of
"seeking" to all these different locations increases the time it takes
for the machine to load these files.
Files can become fragmented by being written to and saved again. To
correct this problem, there are a number of 3rd party hard drive utility
packages that are capable of "de-fragging" your hard drive or drives.
Used on a regular basis, they will keep your filesystem operating at
peak efficiency.
The process of installing AutoCAD causes the entire "\ACAD" subdirectory
structure to become very fragmented. The first thing that should be done
after an AutoCAD installation or update is to de-frag the disk drive.
Due to the large amount of data that will need to be moved, this may take
some time.
Disk cache -
AutoCAD systems with more memory (10 MB and up) should reserve some of
the memory for use by a disk caching utility, such as SMARTDRV. This will
speed up drawing file access, as well as the amount of time it takes
to load AutoCAD.
Finding the right amount of memory to set aside for disk cache will take
some experimentation, but it should be at least 512Kb to be effective.
If too much memory is taken away from AutoCAD by the caching software,
AutoCAD will slow down considerably.
DOS extender
Release 11 uses Phar Laps' DOS extender version 2.2b as default, but can
be upgraded to version 2.6 by using the NEWDX utility provided on the
"Dxfix / Newdx / B1step" utility disk. Follow the directions, and install
the updated DOS extender. This will allow AutoCAD to use more memory, and
will make AutoCAD compatible with Microsoft Windows' HIMEM.SYS memory
manager. This step is essential if you're are planning to use Windows on
the same machine as AutoCAD. Then use the "CFIGPHAR" program to set the
"DEMANDLOAD" option to "ON".
Release 12 uses Phar Laps' latest (4.0) DOS extender, and is has the
"demandload" option turned on as a default.
Troubleshooting -
Here are some of the most commonly asked technical support questions.
- AutoCAD has a white square in the top left corner of the screen.
This indicates the current drawing color, and is not a bug. This
is not present on many VGA drivers (such as Autodesk's), but it
is OK for it to be there. It will change color to whatever the
current drawing color is.
- The display list is enabled in the configuration, but no status window
is present, and redraws are not as fast as they should be.
MasterCAD has detected that the graphics card being used is not
fully compatible with this driver. This may also be confirmed by
the logo used in the menu zone- if this is an insect then MasterCAD
has detected an incompatible device. To solve this problem, please
buy a graphics device that includes MasterCAD.
- The Paging Alarm may have been tripped. If the logo in the menu area is
normal, then this is the case. To reset the Paging Alarm and enable
display list capabilities again, you must exit and re-enter AutoCAD.
- Using a digitizer tablet causes my drawing to scroll off the screen.
This is caused by the Edge-Pan feature. To keep this from
happening, you must re-configure the driver. As a default the
Edge-Pan is disabled, but you may have enabled this feature. To
disable it, use the command "AQEPAN".
- Release 12 does not have an option to use MasterCAD.
Toggling to the flip screen always uses the text screen, instead
of the text window in the middle of the AutoCAD screen.
- 3D Studio ignores the font I have selected.
Yes. This is because 3D Studio requires at least 80 columns and
30 lines to run. To accomplish this, the selected font may be
disabled and replaced with the standard VGA font.
- After rendering in AutoShade, the main graphics window is blank.
AutoShade has been incorrectly configured. You must tell AutoShade
that a redraw is needed when returning from shading and RenderMan
screens.
- The Birds-Eye view refuses to appear, and it is enabled.
The Birds-Eye will only appear in zoomable viewports, and is not
available in paperspace or perspective viewports.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
AutoCAD Release 11 configuration
MasterCAD Configuration
AutoCAD
ChipSet: VGA
-------------------------------------------------
Resolution: undefined Font File :vga
Dual Monitors:Off Edge Pan :Off
DOS Window : Percentage :10
Delay1 :24
Display List :On Delay2 :1
Format : Border :12
Storage :Dynamic
Usage :Performance Bird's-Eye :On
Memory : Size :30
Erase Buffer :2
Page Alarm :Off
[F10] Accept [ESC] Abort [TAB] Next Field
AutoCAD Release 11 configuration screen
Start AutoCAD by moving to the "\ACAD" directory and typing "ACAD".
Select option #5 "Configure AutoCAD".
Select option #3 "Configure video display".
Select option #1 "ADI P386 v4.0/4.1 display".
The MasterCAD configuration menu (see above example) will appear next.
Choose the resolution mode to use (menu options 1). MasterCAD will
detect which graphics card you are using, and provide you with a list of
resolution modes that will be valid for your graphics card. If this is the
first time, it may take MasterCAD a minute or two to try all the
possible combinations; during this time, the screen will go blank, but
will come back.
Select all other options by tabbing through them and making the correct
choices.
Exit the MasterCAD configuration menu (by pressing F10).
Configure pointer (mouse or tablet), printer and plotter as needed.
Return to the main AutoCAD menu, saving the configuration results.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
AutoCAD Release 12 configuration
MasterCAD Configuration
AutoCAD
ChipSet: VGA
Resolution: undefined Font File :vga
Dual Monitors:Off Edge Pan :Off
DOS Window :On Percentage :10
Delay1 :24
Display List :On Delay2 :1
Format :32 Bit Border :12
Storage :Dynamic
Usage :Performance Bird's-Eye :On
Memory : Size :30
Erase Buffer :2
Page Alarm :Off
[F10] Accept [ESC] Abort [TAB] Next Field
AutoCAD Release 12 configuration screen
AutoCAD Release 12 uses a much different method of locating device drivers
than Release 11. Release 12 will search directories for device files, and
ignores the "DSPADI=" environment variable. If you are installing or
configuring Release 12 for the first time, please pay careful attention to
following setup instructions:
Set the environment variable as follows:
"set ACADDRV=C:\ACAD\DRV".
Start AutoCAD by moving to the "\ACAD" directory.
Enter "ACAD -r".
Select the video display driver "MasterCAD Driver" from the menu.
The MasterCAD configuration menu (see above example) will appear next.
Choose the resolution mode to use (menu option 1) MasterCAD will detect
which Orchid graphics card you are using, and provide you with a list of
resolution modes that will be valid for your Orchid graphics card. If this
is the first time, it may take MasterCAD a minute or two to try all the
possible combinations; during this time, the screen may go blank, but it
will come back.
Select all other options by tabbing through them and making the correct
choices.
Exit the MasterCAD configuration menu (by pressing F10).
Configure pointer (mouse or tablet), printer and plotter as needed.
Upon saving the configuration results, you will be placed in the AutoCAD
graphics screen.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
AutoShade Configuration
Start up AutoShade, with the special configuration command "SHADE /R".
Select the correct pointing device.
Select option #2 "P386 Autodesk Device Interface display driver".
Choose a display resolution mode. This is the display mode that will be
used for the interactive screen.
Choose the colors to use in the various parts of the screen. (Menus,
Pop-ups, Background, etc.)
Save and exit the colors menu when finished selecting colors.
Select option #2 "P386 Autodesk Device Interface rendering driver".
Choose a rendering resolution mode. This is the display mode that will be
used for the rendering (shading and RenderMan) screen.
If you select the 32768 or 65535 color modes, you will be asked if you
wish to enable "Band-Free" mode. This allows the best color quality
possible in a 15 or 16 bit device. Select Low, Medium or High.
Answer the next 3 questions with a "YES", since only one screen is used,
and must be redrawn upon switching.
Select a hard copy device option.
At this point, AutoShade will be configured, and you will find yourself
in the interactive screen.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
3D Studio 1.0 Configuration
Go to the "\3DS" directory, and edit the file "3DS.SET" file.
Change the line that starts with "DEFAULT-DISPLAY = VGA320X200" to read
"DEFAULT-DISPLAY = RCPADI".
Change the line that begins with "MAIN-DISPLAY =" to read "MAIN-DISPLAY
= RCPADI". Delete any leading semicolon (;) that may be present.
Change the line that begins with "MATERIAL-DISPLAY = VGA320X200" to read
"MATERIAL-DISPLAY = RCPADI".
Save the file and exit the editor.
Delete the file "3DADI.CFG", if present.
Start 3D Studio with the command "3DS".
Select a resolution mode for the Main display. This is the mode that will
be used for the 2D Shaper, 3D Lofter, 3D Editor, and Keyframer. There is
no benefit to selecting a very high resolution mode, as these screens will
not use any more than 16 colors, but you may choose to experiment with
this.
Select a resolution for the Materials Editor. This must be a 256 color
mode. Use of a 16 color mode will cause 3D Studio to crash in a horribly
painful manner. Use of a resolution greater than 640 x 480 will not
increase the usefulness of the Materials Editor at all.
You should now find yourself inside the 3D Editor of 3D Studio.
The first time that you try to render a drawing or view an image, you will
be asked to select a resolution for the Rendering Device.
If you select the 32768 or 65535 color modes, you will be asked if you
wish to enable "Band-Free" mode. This allows the best color quality
possible in a 15 or 16 bit device. Select Low, Medium or High.
Configuration is now complete.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
3D Studio 2.0 Configuration
Go to the "\3DS" directory, and edit the file "3DS.SET" file.
Change the line that starts with "RENDER-DISPLAY = VGA320X200" to read
"RENDER-DISPLAY = RCPADI".
Change the line that begins with "MAIN-DISPLAY =" to read "MAIN-DISPLAY
= RCPADI". Delete any leading semicolon (;) that may be present.
Change the line that begins with "MATERIAL-DISPLAY = VGA320X200" to read
"MATERIAL-DISPLAY = RCPADI".
Save the file and exit the editor.
Delete the file "3DADI.CFG", if present.
Start 3D Studio with the command "3DS".
Answer the question about having a VGA or SVGA.
Select a resolution mode for the "ADI main display". This is the mode that
will be used for the 2D Shaper, 3D Lofter, 3D Editor, and Keyframer. There
is no benefit to selecting a very high resolution mode, as these screens
will not use any more than 16 colors, but you may choose to experiment with
this.
Select a resolution for the "ADI MEDIT". This must be a 256 color mode.
Use of a 16 color mode will cause 3D Studio to crash. Use of a resolution
greater than 640 x 480 will not increase the usefulness of the Materials
Editor at all.
Answer the question about "Will RDPADI render to a separate screen?".
The answer is always "no".
Select a resolution mode for the Rendering "RDPADI" Device.
If you select the 32768 or 65535 color modes, you will be asked if you
wish to enable "Band-Free" mode. This allows the best color quality
possible in a 15 or 16 bit device. Select Low, Medium or High.
Answer the question about "Will RCPADI render to a separate screen?".
If using MasterCAD for an 8514/A, the answer is "yes", for all others, the
answer is "no".
Select a resolution mode for the Rendering "RCPADI" Device.
If you select the 32768 or 65535 color modes, you will be asked if you
wish to enable "Band-Free" mode. This allows the best color quality
possible in a 15 or 16 bit device. Select Low, Medium or High.
You should now find yourself inside the 3D Editor of 3D Studio.
Configuration is now complete.