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<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec</TITLE> <LINK REL="stylesheet" HREF="../../../Active.css" TYPE="text/css"> <LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:"> </HEAD> <BODY> <TABLE BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=0 WIDTH=100%> <TR><TD CLASS=block VALIGN=MIDDLE WIDTH=100% BGCOLOR="#cccccc"> File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec </TD></TR> </TABLE> <A NAME="__index__"></A>  <UL> <LI><A HREF="#name">NAME</A></LI><LI><A HREF="#supportedplatforms">SUPPORTED PLATFORMS</A></LI> <LI><A HREF="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</A></LI> <LI><A HREF="#description">DESCRIPTION</A></LI> <LI><A HREF="#methods">METHODS</A></LI> <LI><A HREF="#see also">SEE ALSO</A></LI> </UL>  <HR> <H1><A NAME="name">NAME</A></H1> File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec <HR> <H1><A NAME="supportedplatforms">SUPPORTED PLATFORMS</A></H1> <UL> <LI>Linux</LI> <LI>Solaris</LI> <LI>Windows</LI> </UL> <HR> <H1><A NAME="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</A></H1> <PRE> require File::Spec::Unix; # Done automatically by File::Spec</PRE> <HR> <H1><A NAME="description">DESCRIPTION</A></H1> Methods for manipulating file specifications. <HR> <H1><A NAME="methods">METHODS</A></H1> <DL> <DT><A NAME="item_canonpath">canonpath</A> <DD> No physical check on the filesystem, but a logical cleanup of a path. On UNIX eliminated successive slashes and successive ``/.''. <PRE> $cpath = File::Spec->canonpath( $path ) ;</PRE> <DT><A NAME="item_catdir">catdir</A> <DD> Concatenate two or more directory names to form a complete path ending with a directory. But remove the trailing slash from the resulting string, because it doesn't look good, isn't necessary and confuses OS2. Of course, if this is the root directory, don't cut off the trailing slash :-) <DT><A NAME="item_catfile">catfile</A> <DD> Concatenate one or more directory names and a filename to form a complete path ending with a filename <DT><A NAME="item_curdir">curdir</A> <DD> Returns a string representation of the current directory. ``.'' on UNIX. <DT><A NAME="item_devnull">devnull</A> <DD> Returns a string representation of the null device. ``/dev/null'' on UNIX. <DT><A NAME="item_rootdir">rootdir</A> <DD> Returns a string representation of the root directory. ``/'' on UNIX. <DT><A NAME="item_tmpdir">tmpdir</A> <DD> Returns a string representation of the first writable directory from the following list or ``'' if none are writable: <PRE> $ENV{TMPDIR} /tmp</PRE> <DT><A NAME="item_updir">updir</A> <DD> Returns a string representation of the parent directory. ``..'' on UNIX. <DT><A NAME="item_no_upwards">no_upwards</A> <DD> Given a list of file names, strip out those that refer to a parent directory. (Does not strip symlinks, only '.', '..', and equivalents.) <DT><A NAME="item_case_tolerant">case_tolerant</A> <DD> Returns a true or false value indicating, respectively, that alphabetic is not or is significant when comparing file specifications. <DT><A NAME="item_file_name_is_absolute">file_name_is_absolute</A> <DD> Takes as argument a path and returns true, if it is an absolute path. <DT><A NAME="item_path">path</A> <DD> Takes no argument, returns the environment variable PATH as an array. <DT><A NAME="item_join">join</A> <DD> join is the same as catfile. <DT><A NAME="item_splitpath">splitpath</A> <DD> <PRE> ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path ); ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path, $no_file );</PRE> Splits a path in to volume, directory, and filename portions. On systems with no concept of volume, returns undef for volume. For systems with no syntax differentiating filenames from directories, assumes that the last file is a path unless $no_file is true or a trailing separator or /. or /.. is present. On Unix this means that $no_file true makes this return ( '', $path, '' ). The directory portion may or may not be returned with a trailing '/'. The results can be passed to <A HREF="#catpath()">catpath()</A> to get back a path equivalent to (usually identical to) the original path. <DT><A NAME="item_splitdir">splitdir</A> <DD> The opposite of <A HREF="#catdir()">catdir()</A>. <PRE> @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir( $directories );</PRE> $directories must be only the directory portion of the path on systems that have the concept of a volume or that have path syntax that differentiates files from directories. Unlike just splitting the directories on the separator, empty directory names (<CODE>''</CODE>) can be returned, because these are significant on some OSs (e.g. MacOS). On Unix, <PRE> File::Spec->splitdir( "/a/b//c/" );</PRE> Yields: <PRE> ( '', 'a', 'b', '', 'c', '' )</PRE> <DT><A NAME="item_catpath">catpath</A> <DD> Takes volume, directory and file portions and returns an entire path. Under Unix, $volume is ignored, and directory and file are catenated. A '/' is inserted if need be. On other OSs, $volume is significant. <DT><A NAME="item_abs2rel">abs2rel</A> <DD> Takes a destination path and an optional base path returns a relative path from the base path to the destination path: <PRE> $rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $destination ) ; $rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $destination, $base ) ;</PRE> If $base is not present or '', then cwd() is used. If $base is relative, then it is converted to absolute form using <A HREF="#rel2abs()">rel2abs()</A>. This means that it is taken to be relative to cwd(). On systems with the concept of a volume, this assumes that both paths are on the $destination volume, and ignores the $base volume. On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the $base filename as well. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be directories. If $path is relative, it is converted to absolute form using <A HREF="#rel2abs()">rel2abs()</A>. This means that it is taken to be relative to cwd(). Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi. No checks against the filesystem are made. <DT><A NAME="item_rel2abs">rel2abs</A> <DD> Converts a relative path to an absolute path. <PRE> $abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $destination ) ; $abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $destination, $base ) ;</PRE> If $base is not present or '', then cwd() is used. If $base is relative, then it is converted to absolute form using <A HREF="#rel2abs()">rel2abs()</A>. This means that it is taken to be relative to cwd(). On systems with the concept of a volume, this assumes that both paths are on the $base volume, and ignores the $destination volume. On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the $base filename as well. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be directories. If $path is absolute, it is cleaned up and returned using <A HREF="#canonpath()">canonpath()</A>. Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi. No checks against the filesystem are made. </DL> <HR> <H1><A NAME="see also">SEE ALSO</A></H1> <A HREF="../../../lib/File/Spec.html">the File::Spec manpage</A> <TABLE BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=0 WIDTH=100%> <TR><TD CLASS=block VALIGN=MIDDLE WIDTH=100% BGCOLOR="#cccccc"> File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec </TD></TR> </TABLE> </BODY> </HTML>