<LI><A HREF="#perl practical extraction and report language">perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perlfaq frequently asked questions about perl ($date: 1999/05/23">perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perlfaq1 general questions about perl ($revision: 1.23 $, $date:">perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perlfaq2 obtaining and learning about perl ($revision: 1.32 $,">perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perlmod perl modules (packages and symbol tables)">perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perlmodlib constructing new perl modules and finding existing ones">perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perlnumber semantics of numbers and numeric operations in perl">perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perldebguts guts of perl debugging">perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#perldiag various perl diagnostics">perldiag - various Perl diagnostics</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#attrs set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)">attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#re perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour">re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#attributes get/set subroutine or variable attributes">attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#attrs set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)">attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#autouse postpone load of modules until a function is used">autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#base establish isa relationship with base class at compile time">base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#blib use makemaker's uninstalled version of a package">blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#bytes perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character">bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#charnames define character names for \n{named} string literal">charnames - define character names for <CODE>\N{named}</CODE> string literal</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#constant perl pragma to declare constants">constant - Perl pragma to declare constants</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#diagnostics perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning">diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#fields compiletime class fields">fields - compile-time class fields</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#filetest perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators">filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#integer perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of">integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#less perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler">less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#lib manipulate @inc at compile time">lib - manipulate @INC at compile time</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#locale perl pragma to use and avoid posix locales for builtin">locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#open perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output">open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#ops perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling">ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#overload package for overloading perl operations">overload - Package for overloading perl operations</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#re perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour">re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sigtrap perl pragma to enable simple signal handling">sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#strict perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs">strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#subs perl pragma to predeclare sub names">subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#utf8 perl pragma to enable/disable utf8 in source code">utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#vars perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)">vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#warnings perl pragma to control optional warnings">warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#anydbm_file provide framework for multiple dbms">AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#autoloader load subroutines only on demand">AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#autosplit split a package for autoloading">AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#b the perl compiler">B - The Perl Compiler</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#b::asmdata autogenerated data about perl ops, used to generate">B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi simple common gateway interface class">CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::apache backward compatibility module for cgi.pm">CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::carp, cgi::carp cgi routines for writing to the httpd (or">CGI::Carp, <STRONG>CGI::Carp</STRONG> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::cookie interface to netscape cookies">CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::fast cgi interface for fast cgi">CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::pretty module to produce nicely formatted html code">CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::push simple interface to server push">CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cgi::switch backward compatibility module for defunct cgi::switch">CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cpan query, download and build perl modules from cpan sites">CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cpan::firsttime utility for cpan::config file initialization">CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cpanox, cpan::nox wrapper around cpan.pm without using any xs">CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#carp, carp warn of errors (from perspective of caller)">Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cwd, getcwd get pathname of current working directory">Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#db programmatic interface to the perl debugging api (draft,">DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#db_file perl5 access to berkeley db version 1.x">DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#data::dumper stringified perl data structures, suitable for both">Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#devel::dprof a perl code profiler">Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#devel::peek a data debugging tool for the xs programmer">Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#devel::selfstubber generate stubs for a selfloading module">Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#dirhandle supply object methods for directory handles">DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#dumpvalue provides screen dump of perl data.">Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#dynaloader dynamically load c libraries into perl code">DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#dynaloader::xsloader, xsloader dynamically load c libraries into">DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#english use nice english (or awk) names for ugly punctuation">English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#env perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or">Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#errno system errno constants">Errno - System errno constants</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#exporter implements default import method for modules">Exporter - Implements default import method for modules</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::command utilities to replace common unix commands in">ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::embed utilities for embedding perl in c/c++ applications">ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::install install files from here to there">ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::installed inventory management of installed modules">ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::liblist determine libraries to use and how to use them">ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mm_cygwin methods to override un*x behaviour in">ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mm_os2 methods to override un*x behaviour in">ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mm_unix methods used by extutils::makemaker">ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mm_vms methods to override un*x behaviour in">ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mm_win32 methods to override un*x behaviour in">ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::makemaker create an extension makefile">ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::manifest utilities to write and check a manifest file">ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::miniperl, writemain write the c code for perlmain.c">ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mkbootstrap make a bootstrap file for use by dynaloader">ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::mksymlists write linker options files for dynamic">ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#extutils::testlib add blib/* directories to @inc">ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#fatal replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die">Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#fcntl load the c fcntl.h defines">Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::basename, fileparse split a pathname into pieces">File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::checktree, validate run many filetest checks on a tree">File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::compare compare files or filehandles">File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::copy copy files or filehandles">File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::dosglob dos like globbing and then some">File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::find, find traverse a file tree">File::Find, find - traverse a file tree</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::glob perl extension for bsd glob routine">File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::path create or remove directory trees">File::Path - create or remove directory trees</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec portably perform operations on file names">File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec::functions portably perform operations on file names">File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec::mac file::spec for macos">File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec::os2 methods for os/2 file specs">File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec::unix methods used by file::spec">File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec::vms methods for vms file specs">File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::spec::win32 methods for win32 file specs">File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#file::stat byname interface to perl's builtin stat() functions">File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_stat"><CODE>stat()</CODE></A> functions</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#filecache keep more files open than the system permits">FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#filehandle supply object methods for filehandles">FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#findbin locate directory of original perl script">FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#gdbm_file perl5 access to the gdbm library.">GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#getopt::long extended processing of command line options">Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#getopt::std, getopt process singlecharacter switches with switch">Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#i18n::collate compare 8bit scalar data according to the current">I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io load various io modules">IO - load various IO modules</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::dir supply object methods for directory handles">IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::file supply object methods for filehandles">IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::handle supply object methods for i/o handles">IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::pipe supply object methods for pipes">IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::poll object interface to system poll call">IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::seekable supply seek based methods for i/o objects">IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::select oo interface to the select system call">IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::socket object interface to socket communications">IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::socket::inet object interface for af_inet domain sockets">IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::socket::unix object interface for af_unix domain sockets">IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::dir, io::dir supply object methods for directory">IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::file, io::file supply object methods for filehandles">IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::handle, io::handle supply object methods for i/o">IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::pipe, io::pipe supply object methods for pipes">IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::poll, io::poll object interface to system poll call">IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::seekable, io::seekable supply seek based methods for">IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::select, io::select oo interface to the select system">IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#io::lib::io::socket, io::socket object interface to socket">IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#ipc::open2, open2 open a process for both reading and writing">IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#ipc::open3, open3 open a process for reading, writing, and error">IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#ndbm_file tied access to ndbm files">NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#net::ping check a remote host for reachability">Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#net::hostent byname interface to perl's builtin gethost*()">Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#net::netent byname interface to perl's builtin getnet*()">Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#net::protoent byname interface to perl's builtin getproto*()">Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#net::servent byname interface to perl's builtin getserv*()">Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#o generic interface to perl compiler backends">O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#odbm_file tied access to odbm files">ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#opcode disable named opcodes when compiling perl code">Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#opcode::safe, safe compile and execute code in restricted">Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#opcode::ops, ops perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when">Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#posix perl interface to ieee std 1003.1">POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::checker, podchecker() check pod documents for syntax errors">Pod::Checker, <CODE>podchecker()</CODE> - check pod documents for syntax errors</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::find find pod documents in directory trees">Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::html module to convert pod files to html">Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::inputobjects objects representing pod input paragraphs,">Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::man convert pod data to formatted *roff input">Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::parseutils helpers for pod parsing and conversion">Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::parser base class for creating pod filters and translators">Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::plainer perl extension for converting pod to old style pod.">Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::select, podselect() extract selected sections of pod from">Pod::Select, <CODE>podselect()</CODE> - extract selected sections of POD from</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::text convert pod data to formatted ascii text">Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::text::color convert pod data to formatted color ascii text">Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::text::termcap, pod::text::color convert pod data to ascii">Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#pod::usage, pod2usage() print a usage message from embedded pod">Pod::Usage, <CODE>pod2usage()</CODE> - print a usage message from embedded pod</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sdbm_file tied access to sdbm files">SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#safe compile and execute code in restricted compartments">Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#search::dict, look search for key in dictionary file">Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#selectsaver save and restore selected file handle">SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#selfloader load functions only on demand">SelfLoader - load functions only on demand</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#shell run shell commands transparently within perl">Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa load the c">Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#symbol manipulate perl symbols and their names">Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#sys::hostname try every conceivable way to get hostname">Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#term::ansicolor color screen output using ansi escape sequences">Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#term::complete perl word completion module">Term::Complete - Perl word completion module</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#term::readline perl interface to various readline packages. if">Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_readline"><CODE>readline</CODE></A> packages. If</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#test provides a simple framework for writing test scripts">Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#test::harness run perl standard test scripts with statistics">Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#text::abbrev, abbrev create an abbreviation table from a list">Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#text::parsewords parse text into an array of tokens or array of">Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#text::soundex implementation of the soundex algorithm as described">Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#text::tabs expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and">Text::Tabs - expand and unexpand tabs per the unix <CODE>expand(1)</CODE> and</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#text::wrap line wrapping to form simple paragraphs">Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#thread manipulate threads in perl (experimental, subject to">Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#thread::signal start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably">Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#tie::array base class for tied arrays">Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#tie::handle, tie::stdhandle base class definitions for tied">Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#tie::hash, tie::stdhash base class definitions for tied hashes">Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#tie::refhash use references as hash keys">Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#tie::scalar, tie::stdscalar base class definitions for tied">Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#time::local efficiently compute time from local and gmt time">Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#time::gmtime byname interface to perl's builtin gmtime()">Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_gmtime"><CODE>gmtime()</CODE></A></A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#time::localtime byname interface to perl's builtin localtime()">Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_localtime"><CODE>localtime()</CODE></A></A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#time::tm internal object used by time::gmtime and time::localtime">Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#universal base class for all classes (blessed references)">UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#user::grent byname interface to perl's builtin getgr*()">User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#user::pwent byname interface to perl's builtin getpw*()">User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#xsloader dynamically load c libraries into perl code">XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code</A></LI>
<H2><A NAME="perlfaq frequently asked questions about perl ($date: 1999/05/23 20:38:02 $)">perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
20:38:02 $)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq1.html">the perlfaq1 manpage</A>: General Questions
About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it
free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What
is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl
compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can
I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the
difference between ``perl'' and ``Perl''?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl
script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?,
How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq2.html">the perlfaq2 manpage</A>: Obtaining and
Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How
can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my
system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine
to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to
compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make
it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is
CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified
version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl
newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post
source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW
Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of
comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where
do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq3.html">the perlfaq3 manpage</A>: Programming Tools,
How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl
shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl
programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a
pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there
an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where
can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I
use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI
or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How
can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a
pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program
shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the
source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte
code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get <CODE>#!perl</CODE> to
work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command
line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can
I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about
object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with
Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't
embed perl inmy C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my
script, I got this message. What does itmean?, What's MakeMaker?,
<A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq4.html">the perlfaq4 manpage</A>: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg,
19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?,
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a <A HREF="#item_round"><CODE>round()</CODE></A>
function? What about <CODE>ceil()</CODE> and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I
convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I
multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?,
How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How
do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current
century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the
difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How
can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have
a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How
do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?,
How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting
anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?,
How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters
of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I
count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I
capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character]
delimited string except when inside[character]? (Comma-separated files),
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I
pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract
selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a
string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with
always quoting ``$vars''?, Why don't my <<HERE documents work?, What is the
difference between a list and an array?, What is the difference between
$array[1] and @array[1]?, How can I remove duplicate elements from a list
or array?, How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain
element?, How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute
the intersection of two arrays?, How do I test whether two arrays or hashes
are equal?, How do I find the first array element for which a condition is
true?, How do I handle linked lists?, How do I handle circular lists?, How
do I shuffle an array randomly?, How do I process/modify each element of an
array?, How do I select a random element from an array?, How do I permute N
elements of a list?, How do I sort an array by (anything)?, How do I
manipulate arrays of bits?, Why does <A HREF="#item_defined"><CODE>defined()</CODE></A> return true on empty arrays
and hashes?, How do I process an entire hash?, What happens if I add or
remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?, How do I look up a hash
element by value?, How can I know how many entries are in a hash?, How do I
sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?, How can I always keep my
hash sorted?, What's the difference between ``delete'' and ``undef'' with
hashes?, Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?, How
do I reset an <A HREF="#item_each"><CODE>each()</CODE></A> operation part-way through?, How can I get the unique
keys from two hashes?, How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM
file?, How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?,
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?,
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array
of hashes or arrays?, How can I use a reference as a hash key?, How do I
handle binary data correctly?, How do I determine whether a scalar is a
number/whole/integer/float?, How do I keep persistent data across program
calls?, How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?, How do I
define methods for every class/object?, How do I verify a credit card
checksum?, How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?,
<A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq5.html">the perlfaq5 manpage</A>: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output
filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete
a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the
beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do
I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length
files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?,
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to
be used with write()?, How can I <A HREF="#item_write"><CODE>write()</CODE></A> into a string?, How can I output
my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a
filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do
I sometimes get an ``Argument list too long'' when I use <*>?, Is there a
leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ``>'' or trailing
blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why
can't I just open(FH, ``>file.lock'')?, I still don't get locking. I just
want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I
randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?,
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one
file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I
read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a
file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character
waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a <CODE>tail -f</CODE> in perl?, How do I <A HREF="#item_dup"><CODE>dup()</CODE></A>
a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why
can't I use ``C:\temp\foo'' in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe`
work?, Why doesn't <A HREF="#item_glob"><CODE>glob(``*.*'')</CODE></A> get all the files?, Why does Perl let me
delete read-only files? Why does <CODE>-i</CODE> clobber protected files? Isn't
this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I
get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq6.html">the perlfaq6 manpage</A>: Regexps, How
can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and
unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line.
What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are
themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it
didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the
LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make <CODE>\w</CODE> match national
character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of <CODE>/[a-zA-Z]/</CODE>?,
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is <CODE>/o</CODE> really for?,
How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?,
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it
mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process
each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or
line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I
efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't
word-boundary searches with <CODE>\b</CODE> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or
$' slow my program down?, What good is <CODE>\G</CODE> in a regular expression?, Are
Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with
using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with
multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the
user?, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq7.html">the perlfaq7 manpage</A>: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE
for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how
do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or
use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I
temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators
have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a
structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I
tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide
and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle,
Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's
the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between
<A HREF="#item_local"><CODE>local()</CODE></A> and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly
named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow
binding?, Why doesn't ``my($foo) = <FILE>;'' work right?, How do I redefine a
builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between
calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case
statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined
variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file
be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a
large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a
variable as a variable name?, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq8.html">the perlfaq8 manpage</A>: System Interaction, How do I
find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come <A HREF="#item_exec"><CODE>exec()</CODE></A> doesn't
return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I
print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting
for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?,
How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the
user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I
decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the
background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the
shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?,
How can I <A HREF="#item_sleep"><CODE>sleep()</CODE></A> or <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_alarm"><CODE>alarm()</CODE></A> for under a second?, How can I measure time
under a second?, How can I do an <A HREF="#item_atexit"><CODE>atexit()</CODE></A> or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception
handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)?
What does the error message ``Protocol not supported'' mean?, How can I call
my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files
to do <A HREF="#item_ioctl"><CODE>ioctl()</CODE></A> or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about
kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why
can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture
STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't <A HREF="#item_open"><CODE>open()</CODE></A> return an error when a
pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How
can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read
from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I
convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp
session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's
command line from programs such as ``ps''?, I {changed directory, modified my
environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I
exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close
a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a
daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I
find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow
event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?,
How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a <A HREF="#item_system"><CODE>system()</CODE></A> exit on control-C?,
How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from
CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own
module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in
to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include
path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfaq9.html">the perlfaq9 manpage</A>:
Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser.
(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI
program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How
do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on
another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an
HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or
create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?,
How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and
.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into
a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail
header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?,
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail
address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my
hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the
active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in
Perl?
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_to_get_this_document">Where to get this document</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_to_contribute_to_this_document">How to contribute to this document</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_will_happen_if_you_mail_your_Perl_programming">What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
<H2><A NAME="perlfaq1 general questions about perl ($revision: 1.23 $, $date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)">perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_Perl%3F">What is Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Who_supports_Perl%3F_Who_develops_it%3F_Why_is_it_">Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Which_version_of_Perl_should_I_use%3F">Which version of Perl should I use?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_are_perl4_and_perl5%3F">What are perl4 and perl5?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_perl6%3F">What is perl6?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_stable_is_Perl%3F">How stable is Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_Perl_difficult_to_learn%3F">Is Perl difficult to learn?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_does_Perl_compare_with_other_languages_like_Ja">How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
Scheme, or Tcl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Can_I_do_%5Btask%5D_in_Perl%3F">Can I do [task] in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_When_shouldn%27t_I_program_in_Perl%3F">When shouldn't I program in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_the_difference_between_%22perl%22_and_%22">What's the difference between ``perl'' and ``Perl''?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_it_a_Perl_program_or_a_Perl_script%3F">Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_a_JAPH%3F">What is a JAPH?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_get_a_list_of_Larry_Wall_witticisms%3F">Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_version">How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_AUTHOR_AND_COPYRIGHT">AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="perlfaq2 obtaining and learning about perl ($revision: 1.32 $, $date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)">perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_machines_support_Perl%3F_Where_do_I_get_it%3F">What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_get_a_binary_version_of_Perl%3F">How can I get a binary version of Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I_don%27t_have_a_C_compiler_on_my_system%2E_How_ca">I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I_copied_the_Perl_binary_from_one_machine_to_anoth">I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
don't work.</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I_grabbed_the_sources_and_tried_to_compile_but_gdb">I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_modules_and_extensions_are_available_for_Perl">What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
What does CPAN/src/... mean?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_there_an_ISO_or_ANSI_certified_version_of_Perl%">Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_get_information_on_Perl%3F">Where can I get information on Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_are_the_Perl_newsgroups_on_Usenet%3F_Where_do">What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_should_I_post_source_code%3F">Where should I post source code?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_do">How do I do (anything)?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_use_Perl_interactively%3F">How can I use Perl interactively?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_there_a_Perl_shell%3F">Is there a Perl shell?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_debug_my_Perl_programs%3F">How do I debug my Perl programs?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_profile_my_Perl_programs%3F">How do I profile my Perl programs?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_cross%2Dreference_my_Perl_programs%3F">How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_printer">Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_there_a_ctags_for_Perl%3F">Is there a ctags for Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_there_an_IDE_or_Windows_Perl_Editor%3F">Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_get_Perl_macros_for_vi%3F">Where can I get Perl macros for vi?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_get_perl%2Dmode_for_emacs%3F">Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_use_curses_with_Perl%3F">How can I use curses with Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_use_X_or_Tk_with_Perl%3F">How can I use X or Tk with Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_generate_simple_menus_without_using_CGI_">How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_undump%3F">What is undump?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_my_Perl_program_run_faster%3F">How can I make my Perl program run faster?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_my_Perl_program_take_less_memory%3F">How can I make my Perl program take less memory?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_it_unsafe_to_return_a_pointer_to_local_data%3F">Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_free_an_array_or_hash_so_my_program_shri">How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_my_CGI_script_more_efficient%3F">How can I make my CGI script more efficient?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_hide_the_source_for_my_Perl_program%3F">How can I hide the source for my Perl program?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_compile_my_Perl_program_into_byte_code_o">How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_compile_Perl_into_Java%3F">How can I compile Perl into Java?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_get_%23%21perl_to_work_on_%5BMS%2DDOS%2C">How can I get <CODE>#!perl</CODE> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Can_I_write_useful_Perl_programs_on_the_command_li">Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_don%27t_Perl_one%2Dliners_work_on_my_DOS%2FMac">Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_learn_about_CGI_or_Web_programming_in_">Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_learn_about_object%2Doriented_Perl_pro">Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_can_I_learn_about_linking_C_with_Perl%3F_%5B">Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I%27ve_read_perlembed%2C_perlguts%2C_etc%2E%2C_but">I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
my C program, what am I doing wrong?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_When_I_tried_to_run_my_script%2C_I_got_this_messag">When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_the_week%2Dof%2Dthe%2Dyear%2Fday%2Do">How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_the_current_century_or_millennium%3F">How do I find the current century or millennium?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_compare_two_dates_and_find_the_differenc">How can I compare two dates and find the difference?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_take_a_string_and_turn_it_into_epoch_sec">How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_find_the_Julian_Day%3F">How can I find the Julian Day?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_yesterday%27s_date%3F">How do I find yesterday's date?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Does_Perl_have_a_Year_2000_problem%3F_Is_Perl_Y2K_">Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_validate_input%3F">How do I validate input?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_unescape_a_string%3F">How do I unescape a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_remove_consecutive_pairs_of_characters%3F">How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_expand_function_calls_in_a_string%3F">How do I expand function calls in a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_matching%2Fnesting_anything%3F">How do I find matching/nesting anything?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_reverse_a_string%3F">How do I reverse a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_expand_tabs_in_a_string%3F">How do I expand tabs in a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_reformat_a_paragraph%3F">How do I reformat a paragraph?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_access%2Fchange_the_first_N_letters_of_a">How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_change_the_Nth_occurrence_of_something%3F">How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_count_the_number_of_occurrences_of_a_sub">How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_capitalize_all_the_words_on_one_line%3F">How do I capitalize all the words on one line?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_split_a_%5Bcharacter%5D_delimited_string">How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_strip_blank_space_from_the_beginning%2Fen">How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_pad_a_string_with_blanks_or_pad_a_number_">How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_extract_selected_columns_from_a_string%3F">How do I extract selected columns from a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_the_soundex_value_of_a_string%3F">How do I find the soundex value of a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_expand_variables_in_text_strings%3F">How can I expand variables in text strings?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_wrong_with_always_quoting_%22%24vars%22%3">What's wrong with always quoting ``$vars''?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_don%27t_my_%3C%3CHERE_documents_work%3F">Why don't my <<HERE documents work?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_the_difference_between_a_list_and_an_array">What is the difference between a list and an array?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_the_difference_between_%24array%5B1%5D_and">What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_remove_duplicate_elements_from_a_list_or">How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:(this assumes all true
values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like
(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any
loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive
integers:
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_tell_whether_a_list_or_array_contains_a_">How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_compute_the_difference_of_two_arrays%3F_H">How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
intersection of two arrays?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_test_whether_two_arrays_or_hashes_are_equ">How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_the_first_array_element_for_which_a_">How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_handle_linked_lists%3F">How do I handle linked lists?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_handle_circular_lists%3F">How do I handle circular lists?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_shuffle_an_array_randomly%3F">How do I shuffle an array randomly?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_process%2Fmodify_each_element_of_an_array">How do I process/modify each element of an array?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_select_a_random_element_from_an_array%3F">How do I select a random element from an array?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_permute_N_elements_of_a_list%3F">How do I permute N elements of a list?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_by">How do I sort an array by (anything)?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_manipulate_arrays_of_bits%3F">How do I manipulate arrays of bits?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_defined">Why does <CODE>defined()</CODE> return true on empty arrays and hashes?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_process_an_entire_hash%3F">How do I process an entire hash?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_happens_if_I_add_or_remove_keys_from_a_hash_w">What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_look_up_a_hash_element_by_value%3F">How do I look up a hash element by value?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_know_how_many_entries_are_in_a_hash%3F">How can I know how many entries are in a hash?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_hash">How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_always_keep_my_hash_sorted%3F">How can I always keep my hash sorted?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_the_difference_between_%22delete%22_and_%">What's the difference between ``delete'' and ``undef'' with hashes?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_don%27t_my_tied_hashes_make_the_defined%2Fexis">Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_each">How do I reset an <CODE>each()</CODE> operation part-way through?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_get_the_unique_keys_from_two_hashes%3F">How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_store_a_multidimensional_array_in_a_DBM_">How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_my_hash_remember_the_order_I_put_el">How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_does_passing_a_subroutine_an_undefined_element">Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_the_Perl_equivalent_of_a_C_structur">How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
array of hashes or arrays?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_use_a_reference_as_a_hash_key%3F">How can I use a reference as a hash key?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_handle_binary_data_correctly%3F">How do I handle binary data correctly?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_determine_whether_a_scalar_is_a_number%2F">How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_keep_persistent_data_across_program_calls">How do I keep persistent data across program calls?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_print_out_or_copy_a_recursive_data_struct">How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_define_methods_for_every_class%2Fobject%3">How do I define methods for every class/object?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_verify_a_credit_card_checksum%3F">How do I verify a credit card checksum?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_pack_arrays_of_doubles_or_floats_for_XS_c">How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_flush%2Funbuffer_an_output_filehandle%3F_">How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_change_one_line_in_a_file%2Fdelete_a_line">How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_count_the_number_of_lines_in_a_file%3F">How do I count the number of lines in a file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_make_a_temporary_file_name%3F">How do I make a temporary file name?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_manipulate_fixed%2Drecord%2Dlength_files">How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_a_filehandle_local_to_a_subroutine%">How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_use_a_filehandle_indirectly%3F">How can I use a filehandle indirectly?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_write">How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>How can I <CODE>write()</CODE> into a string?</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_output_my_numbers_with_commas_added%3F">How can I output my numbers with commas added?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_tildes">How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_come_when_I_open_a_file_read%2Dwrite_it_wipes_">How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_do_I_sometimes_get_an_%22Argument_list_too_lon">Why do I sometimes get an ``Argument list too long'' when I use <*>?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_glob">Is there a leak/bug in glob()?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_open_a_file_with_a_leading_%22%3E%22_or_">How can I open a file with a leading ``>'' or trailing blanks?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_reliably_rename_a_file%3F">How can I reliably rename a file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_lock_a_file%3F">How can I lock a file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_open">Why can't I just open(FH, ``>file.lock'')?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I_still_don%27t_get_locking%2E_I_just_want_to_incr">I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
the file. How can I do this?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_randomly_update_a_binary_file%3F">How do I randomly update a binary file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_get_a_file%27s_timestamp_in_perl%3F">How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_set_a_file%27s_timestamp_in_perl%3F">How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_print_to_more_than_one_file_at_once%3F">How do I print to more than one file at once?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_read_in_an_entire_file_all_at_once%3F">How can I read in an entire file all at once?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_read_in_a_file_by_paragraphs%3F">How can I read in a file by paragraphs?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_read_a_single_character_from_a_file%3F_F">How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_tell_whether_there%27s_a_character_waiti">How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_do_a_tail_%2Df_in_perl%3F">How do I do a <CODE>tail -f</CODE> in perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_dup">How do I <CODE>dup()</CODE> a filehandle in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_close_a_file_descriptor_by_number%3F">How do I close a file descriptor by number?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_can%27t_I_use_%22C%3A%5Ctemp%5Cfoo%22_in_DOS_p">Why can't I use ``C:\temp\foo'' in DOS paths? What doesn't
`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>Why doesn't <CODE>glob(``*.*'')</CODE> get all the files?</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_does_Perl_let_me_delete_read%2Donly_files%3F_W">Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does <CODE>-i</CODE> clobber
protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_select_a_random_line_from_a_file%3F">How do I select a random line from a file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_do_I_get_weird_spaces_when_I_print_an_array_of">Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_hope_to_use_regular_expressions_without_">How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
and unmaintainable code?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I%27m_having_trouble_matching_over_more_than_one_l">I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_pull_out_lines_between_two_patterns_that">How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
different lines?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I_put_a_regular_expression_into_%24%2F_but_it_didn">I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_substitute_case_insensitively_on_the_LHS%">How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving
case on the RHS?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_make_%5Cw_match_national_character_sets%">How can I make <CODE>\w</CODE> match national character sets?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_match_a_locale%2Dsmart_version_of_%2F%5B">How can I match a locale-smart version of <CODE>/[a-zA-Z]/</CODE>?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_quote_a_variable_to_use_in_a_regex%3F">How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_%2Fo_really_for%3F">What is <CODE>/o</CODE> really for?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_use_a_regular_expression_to_strip_C_style">How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Can_I_use_Perl_regular_expressions_to_match_balanc">Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_does_it_mean_that_regexes_are_greedy%3F_How_c">What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_process_each_word_on_each_line%3F">How do I process each word on each line?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_print_out_a_word%2Dfrequency_or_line%2Df">How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_do_approximate_matching%3F">How can I do approximate matching?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_efficiently_match_many_regular_expression">How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_don%27t_word%2Dboundary_searches_with_%5Cb_wor">Why don't word-boundary searches with <CODE>\b</CODE> work for me?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_does_using_%24%26%2C_%24%60%2C_or_%24%27_slow_">Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_good_is_%5CG_in_a_regular_expression%3F">What good is <CODE>\G</CODE> in a regular expression?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Are_Perl_regexes_DFAs_or_NFAs%3F_Are_they_POSIX_co">Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_wrong_with_using_grep_or_map_in_a_void_co">What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_match_strings_with_multibyte_characters%">How can I match strings with multibyte characters?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_match_a_pattern_that_is_supplied_by_the_u">How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="perlfaq7 perl language issues ($revision: 1.28 $, $date: 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)">perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Can_I_get_a_BNF%2Fyacc%2FRE_for_the_Perl_language%">Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_are_all_these_%24%40%25%26%2A_punctuation_sig">What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
use them?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Do_I_always%2Fnever_have_to_quote_my_strings_or_us">Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
commas?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_skip_some_return_values%3F">How do I skip some return values?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_temporarily_block_warnings%3F">How do I temporarily block warnings?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_an_extension%3F">What's an extension?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_do_Perl_operators_have_different_precedence_th">Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_declare%2Fcreate_a_structure%3F">How do I declare/create a structure?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_create_a_module%3F">How do I create a module?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_create_a_class%3F">How do I create a class?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_tell_if_a_variable_is_tainted%3F">How can I tell if a variable is tainted?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_a_closure%3F">What's a closure?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_variable_suicide_and_how_can_I_prevent_it%">What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_pass%2Freturn_a_%7BFunction%2C_FileHandl">How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
Regex}?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
Passing Methods
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_create_a_static_variable%3F">How do I create a static variable?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_lexical">What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
Between <A HREF="#item_local"><CODE>local()</CODE></A> and my()?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_access_a_dynamic_variable_while_a_simila">How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
is in scope?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_the_difference_between_deep_and_shallow_b">What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_my">Why doesn't ``my($foo) = <FILE>;'' work right?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_redefine_a_builtin_function%2C_operator%2">How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_foo">What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_create_a_switch_or_case_statement%3F">How do I create a switch or case statement?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_catch_accesses_to_undefined_variables%2F">How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_can%27t_a_method_included_in_this_same_file_be">Why can't a method included in this same file be found?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_find_out_my_current_package%3F">How can I find out my current package?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_comment_out_a_large_block_of_perl_code%3">How can I comment out a large block of perl code?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_clear_a_package%3F">How do I clear a package?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_use_a_variable_as_a_variable_name%3F">How can I use a variable as a variable name?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="perlfaq8 system interaction ($revision: 1.39 $, $date: 1999/05/23 18:37:57 $)">perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
18:37:57 $)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_out_which_operating_system_I%27m_run">How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_exec">How come <CODE>exec()</CODE> doesn't return?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_do_fancy_stuff_with_the_keyboard%2Fscreen">How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_print_something_out_in_color%3F">How do I print something out in color?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_read_just_one_key_without_waiting_for_a_r">How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_check_whether_input_is_ready_on_the_keybo">How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_clear_the_screen%3F">How do I clear the screen?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_get_the_screen_size%3F">How do I get the screen size?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_ask_the_user_for_a_password%3F">How do I ask the user for a password?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_read_and_write_the_serial_port%3F">How do I read and write the serial port?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_decode_encrypted_password_files%3F">How do I decode encrypted password files?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_start_a_process_in_the_background%3F">How do I start a process in the background?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_trap_control_characters%2Fsignals%3F">How do I trap control characters/signals?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_modify_the_shadow_password_file_on_a_Unix">How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_set_the_time_and_date%3F">How do I set the time and date?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_sleep">How can I <CODE>sleep()</CODE> or <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_alarm"><CODE>alarm()</CODE></A> for under a second?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_measure_time_under_a_second%3F">How can I measure time under a second?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_atexit">How can I do an <CODE>atexit()</CODE> or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_V">Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
does the error message ``Protocol not supported'' mean?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_call_my_system%27s_unique_C_functions_fr">How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_ioctl">Where do I get the include files to do <CODE>ioctl()</CODE> or syscall()?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_do_setuid_perl_scripts_complain_about_kernel_p">Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_open_a_pipe_both_to_and_from_a_command%3">How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_system">Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_capture_STDERR_from_an_external_command%">How can I capture STDERR from an external command?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>Why doesn't <CODE>open()</CODE> return an error when a pipe open fails?</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_wrong_with_using_backticks_in_a_void_cont">What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_call_backticks_without_shell_processing%">How can I call backticks without shell processing?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_EOF">Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
^Z on MS-DOS)?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_convert_my_shell_script_to_perl%3F">How can I convert my shell script to perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Can_I_use_perl_to_run_a_telnet_or_ftp_session%3F">Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_write_expect_in_Perl%3F">How can I write expect in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Is_there_a_way_to_hide_perl%27s_command_line_from_">Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
``ps''?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_I_%7Bchanged_directory%2C_modified_my_environment%">I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
changes to be visible?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Unix
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_close_a_process%27s_filehandle_without_wa">How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
complete?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_fork_a_daemon_process%3F">How do I fork a daemon process?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_make_my_program_run_with_sh_and_csh%3F">How do I make my program run with sh and csh?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_out_if_I%27m_running_interactively_o">How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_timeout_a_slow_event%3F">How do I timeout a slow event?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_set_CPU_limits%3F">How do I set CPU limits?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_avoid_zombies_on_a_Unix_system%3F">How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_use_an_SQL_database%3F">How do I use an SQL database?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>How do I make a <CODE>system()</CODE> exit on control-C?</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_open_a_file_without_blocking%3F">How do I open a file without blocking?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_install_a_module_from_CPAN%3F">How do I install a module from CPAN?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What%27s_the_difference_between_require_and_use%3F">What's the difference between require and use?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_keep_my_own_module%2Flibrary_directory%3F">How do I keep my own module/library directory?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_add_the_directory_my_program_lives_in_to_">How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
search path?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_add_a_directory_to_my_include_path_at_run">How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_is_socket%2Eph_and_where_do_I_get_it%3F">What is socket.ph and where do I get it?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_My_CGI_script_runs_from_the_command_line_but_not_t">My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
Server Error)</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_get_better_error_messages_from_a_CGI_pro">How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_remove_HTML_from_a_string%3F">How do I remove HTML from a string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_extract_URLs%3F">How do I extract URLs?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_download_a_file_from_the_user%27s_machine">How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
file on another machine?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_make_a_pop%2Dup_menu_in_HTML%3F">How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_fetch_an_HTML_file%3F">How do I fetch an HTML file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_automate_an_HTML_form_submission%3F">How do I automate an HTML form submission?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_decode_or_create_those_%25%2Dencodings_on">How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_redirect_to_another_page%3F">How do I redirect to another page?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_put_a_password_on_my_web_pages%3F">How do I put a password on my web pages?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_edit_my_%2Ehtpasswd_and_%2Ehtgroup_files_">How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_make_sure_users_can%27t_enter_values_into">How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
CGI script to do bad things?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_parse_a_mail_header%3F">How do I parse a mail header?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_decode_a_CGI_form%3F">How do I decode a CGI form?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_check_a_valid_mail_address%3F">How do I check a valid mail address?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_decode_a_MIME%2FBASE64_string%3F">How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_return_the_user%27s_mail_address%3F">How do I return the user's mail address?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_send_mail%3F">How do I send mail?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_read_mail%3F">How do I read mail?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_find_out_my_hostname%2Fdomainname%2FIP_ad">How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_fetch_a_news_article_or_the_active_newsgr">How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_fetch%2Fput_an_FTP_file%3F">How do I fetch/put an FTP file?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_can_I_do_RPC_in_Perl%3F">How can I do RPC in Perl?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="perldelta what's new for perl v5.6.0">perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0</A></H2>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Some_arrows_may_be_omitted_in_calls_through_refere">Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Boolean_assignment_operators_are_legal_lvalues">Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_exists"><CODE>exists()</CODE> is supported on subroutine names</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><CODE>exists()</CODE> and <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_delete"><CODE>delete()</CODE></A> are supported on array elements</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Pseudo%2Dhashes_work_better">Pseudo-hashes work better</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Automatic_flushing_of_output_buffers">Automatic flushing of output buffers</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Better_diagnostics_on_meaningless_filehandle_opera">Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Where_possible%2C_buffered_data_discarded_from_dup">Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_eof"><CODE>eof()</CODE> has the same old magic as <></A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_binmode"><CODE>binmode()</CODE> can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_%2DT_filetest_recognizes_UTF%2D8_encoded_files_as_"><CODE>-T</CODE> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as ``text''</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect <A HREF="#item_exec"><CODE>exec()</CODE></A> failure</STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_require_and_do_may_be_overridden"><A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_require"><CODE>require</CODE></A> and <A HREF="#item_do"><CODE>do</CODE></A> may be overridden</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_%24%5EX_variables_may_now_have_names_longer_than_o">$^X variables may now have names longer than one character</A></STRONG><BR>
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Format_of_%24English%3A%3APERL_VERSION_is_differen">Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Literals of the form <CODE>1.2.3</CODE> parse differently, Possibly changed
pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed,
<A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_undef"><CODE>undef</CODE></A> fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe
and socket handles, Writing <CODE>"$$1"</CODE> to mean <CODE>"${$}1"</CODE> is unsupported,
delete(), <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_values"><CODE>values()</CODE></A> and <CODE>\(%h)</CODE> operate on aliases to values, not copies,
<A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_vec"><CODE>vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS)</CODE></A> enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic
output has changed, <CODE>%@</CODE> has been removed, Parenthesized <CODE>not()</CODE> behaves
like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype <CODE>(*)</CODE> have changed
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Semantics_of_bit_operators_may_have_changed_on_64%">Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_More_builtins_taint_their_results">More builtins taint their results</A></STRONG><BR>
$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @-, <CODE>$`</CODE> is the same as <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_substr"><CODE>substr($var, 0, $-[0]</CODE></A>),
<CODE>$&</CODE> is the same as <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_substr"><CODE>substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]</CODE></A>), <CODE>$'</CODE> is the
same as <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_substr"><CODE>substr($var, $+[0]</CODE></A>), <CODE>$1</CODE> is the same as <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_substr"><CODE>substr($var, $-[1],
$+[1] - $-[1])</CODE></A>, <CODE>$2</CODE> is the same as <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_substr"><CODE>substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] -
$-[2])</CODE></A>, <CODE>$3</CODE> is the same as <CODE>substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]</CODE>),
<H2><A NAME="perlmodlib constructing new perl modules and finding existing ones">perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones</A></H2>
Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating
System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess
Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces,
User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages,
File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String
Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option,
Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing,
Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption,
World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities,
Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing,
and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and
exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities,
Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe,
North America, South America
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Modules%3A_Creation%2C_Use%2C_and_Abuse">Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Guidelines_for_Module_Creation">Guidelines for Module Creation</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new
module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select
what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?,
README and other Additional Files, A description of the
module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites
- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to
Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release,
especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in
the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a
version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take
care when changing a released module
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Guidelines_for_Converting_Perl_4_Library_Scripts_i">Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications,
Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started,
Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from '
to ::, Converts <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_die"><CODE>die(...)</CODE></A> to croak(...), Several other minor changes
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Guidelines_for_Reusing_Application_Code">Guidelines for Reusing Application Code</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many
applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the
reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity
to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application'
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Behavior_of_other_Perl_features_in_forked_pseudo%2">Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_chdir"><CODE>chdir()</CODE></A> and all other builtins that accept
filenames, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_wait"><CODE>wait()</CODE></A> and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
<A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_require"><CODE>require</CODE></A>/<A HREF="#item_do"><CODE>do</CODE></A> trap using returned value, <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_split"><CODE>split</CODE></A> on empty string with
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Compiling_your_C_program">Compiling your C program</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Adding_a_Perl_interpreter_to_your_C_program">Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Calling_a_Perl_subroutine_from_your_C_program">Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Evaluating_a_Perl_statement_from_your_C_program">Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Performing_Perl_pattern_matches_and_substitutions_">Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Fiddling_with_the_Perl_stack_from_your_C_program">Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Maintaining_a_persistent_interpreter">Maintaining a persistent interpreter</A></STRONG><BR>
<H2><A NAME="attrs set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)">attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
method, locked
<P></P></DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="autouse postpone load of modules until a function is used">autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>WARNING</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="base establish isa relationship with base class at compile time">base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>HISTORY</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="blib use makemaker's uninstalled version of a package">blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="bytes perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics">bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
semantics</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="charnames define character names for \n{named} string literal escape.">charnames - define character names for <CODE>\N{named}</CODE> string literal
<H2><A NAME="fields compiletime class fields">fields - compile-time class fields</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
new, phash
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="filetest perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators">filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="integer perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of double">integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of
double</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="less perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler">less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="lib manipulate @inc at compile time">lib - manipulate @INC at compile time</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Adding_directories_to_%40INC">Adding directories to @INC</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Deleting_directories_from_%40INC">Deleting directories from @INC</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Restoring_original_%40INC">Restoring original @INC</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="locale perl pragma to use and avoid posix locales for builtin operations">locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
operations</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="open perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output">open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="subs perl pragma to predeclare sub names">subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="utf8 perl pragma to enable/disable utf8 in source code">utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="vars perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)">vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="warnings perl pragma to control optional warnings">warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
use warnings::register, warnings::enabled([$category]),
1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. Forexample,
-value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values,
3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values'
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_OBJECT">CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_CREATING_A_NEW_QUERY_OBJECT_FROM_AN_INPUT_FILE">CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_FETCHING_A_LIST_OF_KEYWORDS_FROM_THE_QUERY%3A">FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_FETCHING_THE_NAMES_OF_ALL_THE_PARAMETERS_PASSED_TO">FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_FETCHING_THE_VALUE_OR_VALUES_OF_A_SINGLE_NAMED_PAR">FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_VALUE">SETTING THE <CODE>VALUE(S)</CODE> OF A NAMED PARAMETER:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_APPENDING_ADDITIONAL_VALUES_TO_A_NAMED_PARAMETER%3">APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_IMPORTING_ALL_PARAMETERS_INTO_A_NAMESPACE%3A">IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_DELETING_A_PARAMETER_COMPLETELY%3A">DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_DELETING_ALL_PARAMETERS%3A">DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_DIRECT_ACCESS_TO_THE_PARAMETER_LIST%3A">DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_FETCHING_THE_PARAMETER_LIST_AS_A_HASH%3A">FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_SAVING_THE_STATE_OF_THE_SCRIPT_TO_A_FILE%3A">SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_CREATING_A_STANDARD_HTTP_HEADER%3A">CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_GENERATING_A_REDIRECTION_HEADER">GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_CREATING_THE_HTML_DOCUMENT_HEADER">CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<STRONG>Parameters:</STRONG>, 4, 5, 6..
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_ENDING_THE_HTML_DOCUMENT%3A">ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_CREATING_A_SELF%2DREFERENCING_URL_THAT_PRESERVES_S">CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_OBTAINING_THE_SCRIPT%27S_URL">OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL</A></STRONG><BR>
Matt Heffron (<A HREF="mailto:heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com">heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com</A>), James Taylor
(<A HREF="mailto:james.taylor@srs.gov">james.taylor@srs.gov</A>), Scott Anguish <<A HREF="mailto:sanguish@digifix.com">sanguish@digifix.com</A>>, Mike Jewell
(<A HREF="mailto:jh@axis.se">jh@axis.se</A>), Laurent Delfosse (<A HREF="mailto:delfosse@delfosse.com">delfosse@delfosse.com</A>), Richard Resnick
(<A HREF="mailto:applepi1@aol.com">applepi1@aol.com</A>), Craig Bishop (<A HREF="mailto:csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au">csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au</A>), Tony Curtis
(<A HREF="mailto:tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at">tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at</A>), Tim Bunce (<A HREF="mailto:Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk">Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk</A>), Tom Christiansen
(<A HREF="mailto:tchrist@convex.com">tchrist@convex.com</A>), Andreas Koenig (<A HREF="mailto:k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE">k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE</A>), Tim
MacKenzie (<A HREF="mailto:Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au">Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au</A>), Kevin B. Hendricks
(<A HREF="mailto:kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu">kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu</A>), Stephen Dahmen (<A HREF="mailto:joyfire@inxpress.net">joyfire@inxpress.net</A>), Ed
Jordan (<A HREF="mailto:ed@fidalgo.net">ed@fidalgo.net</A>), David Alan Pisoni (<A HREF="mailto:david@cnation.com">david@cnation.com</A>), Doug
MacEachern (<A HREF="mailto:dougm@opengroup.org">dougm@opengroup.org</A>), Robin Houston (<A HREF="mailto:robin@oneworld.org">robin@oneworld.org</A>),
...and many many more..
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_A_COMPLETE_EXAMPLE_OF_A_SIMPLE_FORM%2DBASED_SCRIPT">A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="cgi::apache backward compatibility module for cgi.pm">CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>ABSTRACT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR INFORMATION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="cgi::carp, cgi::carp cgi routines for writing to the httpd (or other) error log">CGI::Carp, <STRONG>CGI::Carp</STRONG> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
<H2><A NAME="cwd, getcwd get pathname of current working directory">Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="db programmatic interface to the perl debugging api (draft, subject to change)">DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Why_is_there_Perl_source_in_my_database%3F">Why is there Perl source in my database?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_How_do_I_store_complex_data_structures_with_DB_Fil">How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_does_%22Invalid_Argument%22_mean%3F">What does ``Invalid Argument'' mean?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_What_does_%22Bareword_%27DB_File%27_not_allowed%22">What does ``Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed'' mean?</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>REFERENCES</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>HISTORY</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AVAILABILITY</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="data::dumper stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and c<eval>">Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
printing and <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_eval"><CODE>eval</CODE></A></A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="dynaloader::xsloader, xsloader dynamically load c libraries into perl code">DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
Perl code</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="english use nice english (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables">English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
variables</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="env perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays">Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
<H2><A NAME="extutils::command utilities to replace common unix commands in makefiles etc.">ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
Makefiles etc.</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>cat</P>
<P>eqtime src dst</P>
<P>rm_f files...</P>
<P>rm_f files...</P>
<P>touch files ..</P>
<P>mv source... destination</P>
<P>cp source... destination</P>
<P>chmod mode files..</P>
<P>mkpath directory..</P>
<P>test_f file</P>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::embed utilities for embedding perl in c/c++ applications">ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::liblist determine libraries to use and how to use them">ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
<H2><A NAME="extutils::mm_cygwin methods to override un*x behaviour in extutils::makemaker">ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
<P></P></DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::mm_os2 methods to override un*x behaviour in extutils::makemaker">ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::mm_unix methods used by extutils::makemaker">ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker</A></H2>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Methods_to_actually_produce_chunks_of_text_for_the">Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
fixin
<P></P></DL>
<P>force (o)</P>
<P>guess_name</P>
<P>has_link_code</P>
<P>htmlifypods (o)</P>
<P>init_dirscan</P>
<P>init_main</P>
<P>init_others</P>
<P>install (o)</P>
<P>installbin (o)</P>
<P>libscan (o)</P>
<P>linkext (o)</P>
<P>lsdir</P>
<P>macro (o)</P>
<P>makeaperl (o)</P>
<P>makefile (o)</P>
<P>manifypods (o)</P>
<P>maybe_command</P>
<P>maybe_command_in_dirs</P>
<P>needs_linking (o)</P>
<P>nicetext</P>
<P>parse_version</P>
<P>parse_abstract</P>
<P>pasthru (o)</P>
<P>path</P>
<P>perl_script</P>
<P>perldepend (o)</P>
<P>ppd</P>
<P>perm_rw (o)</P>
<P>perm_rwx (o)</P>
<P>pm_to_blib</P>
<P>post_constants (o)</P>
<P>post_initialize (o)</P>
<P>postamble (o)</P>
<P>prefixify</P>
<P>processPL (o)</P>
<P>realclean (o)</P>
<P>replace_manpage_separator</P>
<P>static (o)</P>
<P>static_lib (o)</P>
<P>staticmake (o)</P>
<P>subdir_x (o)</P>
<P>subdirs (o)</P>
<P>test (o)</P>
<P>test_via_harness (o)</P>
<P>test_via_script (o)</P>
<P>tool_autosplit (o)</P>
<P>tools_other (o)</P>
<P>tool_xsubpp (o)</P>
<P>top_targets (o)</P>
<P>writedoc</P>
<P>xs_c (o)</P>
<P>xs_cpp (o)</P>
<P>xs_o (o)</P>
<P>perl_archive</P>
<P>export_list</P>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::mm_vms methods to override un*x behaviour in extutils::makemaker">ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Static_Linking_of_a_new_Perl_Binary">Static Linking of a new Perl Binary</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Determination_of_Perl_Library_and_Installation_Loc">Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations</A></STRONG><BR>
make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
shdist, make zipdist, make ci</PRE>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Disabling_an_extension">Disabling an extension</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>ENVIRONMENT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
PERL_MM_OPT
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHORS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::manifest utilities to write and check a manifest file">ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file</A></H2>
<CODE>Not in MANIFEST:</CODE> <EM>file</EM>, <CODE>No such file:</CODE> <EM>file</EM>, <CODE>MANIFEST:</CODE> <EM>$!</EM>,
<CODE>Added to MANIFEST:</CODE> <EM>file</EM>
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::miniperl, writemain write the c code for perlmain.c">ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::mkbootstrap make a bootstrap file for use by dynaloader">ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="extutils::mksymlists write linker options files for dynamic extension">ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
extension</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_COPYRIGHT_AND_DISCLAIMER">COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="getopt::std, getopt process singlecharacter switches with switch clustering">Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
clustering</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="i18n::collate compare 8bit scalar data according to the current locale">I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
locale</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="io load various io modules">IO - load various IO modules</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="io::dir supply object methods for directory handles">IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="io::file supply object methods for filehandles">IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="io::lib::io::pipe, io::pipe supply object methods for pipes">IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>CONSTRUCTOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
new ( [READER, WRITER] )
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>METHODS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="io::lib::io::poll, io::poll object interface to system poll call">IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="io::lib::io::seekable, io::seekable supply seek based methods for i/o objects">IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
I/O objects</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>HISTORY</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="io::lib::io::select, io::select oo interface to the select system call">IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
FLAGS ] ), stat
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>COPYRIGHT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ipc::open2, open2 open a process for both reading and writing">IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>WARNING</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="ipc::open3, open3 open a process for reading, writing, and error handling">IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
<H2><A NAME="opcode::ops, ops perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling">Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
compiling</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="posix perl interface to ieee std 1003.1">POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="pod::checker, podchecker() check pod documents for syntax errors">Pod::Checker, <A HREF="#item_podchecker"><CODE>podchecker()</CODE></A> - check pod documents for syntax errors</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="pod::parser base class for creating pod filters and translators">Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="pod::plainer perl extension for converting pod to old style pod.">Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>EXPORT</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="pod::select, podselect() extract selected sections of pod from input">Pod::Select, <A HREF="#item_podselect"><CODE>podselect()</CODE></A> - extract selected sections of POD from
<H2><A NAME="pod::text::color convert pod data to formatted color ascii text">Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="pod::text::termcap, pod::text::color convert pod data to ascii text with format escapes">Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
text with format escapes</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="pod::usage, pod2usage() print a usage message from embedded pod documentation">Pod::Usage, <CODE>pod2usage()</CODE> - print a usage message from embedded pod
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Autoloading_and_package_lexicals">Autoloading and package lexicals</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_SelfLoader_and_AutoLoader">SelfLoader and AutoLoader</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item___DATA__%2C___END__%2C_and_the_FOOBAR%3A%3ADATA_fi">__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Classes_and_inherited_methods%2E">Classes and inherited methods.</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Multiple_packages_and_fully_qualified_subroutine_n">Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names</A></STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="shell run shell commands transparently within perl">Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa load the c socket.h defines and structure manipulators">Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
socket.h defines and structure manipulators</A></H2>
setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
closelog
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>EXAMPLES</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>SEE ALSO</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="term::ansicolor color screen output using ansi escape sequences">Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DIAGNOSTICS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
Invalid attribute name %s, Identifier %s used only once: possible typo, No
comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword %s not allowed while ``strict subs''
<H2><A NAME="term::complete perl word completion module">Term::Complete - Perl word completion module</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>DIAGNOSTICS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="term::readline perl interface to various readline packages. if no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.">Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_readline"><CODE>readline</CODE></A> packages. If
no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG><A NAME="item_Minimal_set_of_supported_functions">Minimal set of supported functions</A></STRONG><BR>
<H2><A NAME="text::abbrev, abbrev create an abbreviation table from a list">Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>EXAMPLE</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="text::parsewords parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays">Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
arrays</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>EXAMPLES</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
0a simple word, 1multiple spaces are skipped because of our $delim, 2use of
quotes to include a space in a word, 3use of a backslash to include a space
in a word, 4use of a backslash to remove the special meaning of a
double-quote, 5another simple word (note the lack of effect of the
backslashed double-quote)
<P></P>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHORS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="text::soundex implementation of the soundex algorithm as described by knuth">Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
by Knuth</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>EXAMPLES</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>LIMITATIONS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="text::tabs expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)">Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix <CODE>expand(1)</CODE> and
<CODE>unexpand(1)</CODE></A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="text::wrap line wrapping to form simple paragraphs">Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>EXAMPLE</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="thread manipulate threads in perl (experimental, subject to change)">Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
change)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>FUNCTIONS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
<H2><A NAME="thread::signal start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably">Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably</A></H2>
<H2><A NAME="time::local efficiently compute time from local and gmt time">Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>IMPLEMENTATION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>BUGS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="time::gmtime byname interface to perl's builtin gmtime() function">Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_gmtime"><CODE>gmtime()</CODE></A>
function</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>NOTE</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="time::localtime byname interface to perl's builtin localtime() function">Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in <A HREF="../../lib/Pod/perlfunc.html#item_localtime"><CODE>localtime()</CODE></A>
function</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>NOTE</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="time::tm internal object used by time::gmtime and time::localtime">Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="universal base class for all classes (blessed references)">UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
<P></P></DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="user::grent byname interface to perl's builtin getgr*() functions">User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
functions</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>DESCRIPTION</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>NOTE</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
<DT><STRONG>AUTHOR</STRONG><BR>
<DD>
</DL>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="user::pwent byname interface to perl's builtin getpw*() functions">User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()