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-
-
- Authored 11/95 by Jonathan Katz. Fixed/revised April 10, 1996, not to
- mention slightly updated June 25, 1996 and "completed" October 26,
- 1996, all by Jonathan Katz, jkatz@in.net
-
- _1 Introduction_
-
- Many people have recently bought new machines, which (unfortunatly)
- come pre-loaded with Windows 95. After exploring the Internet, many
- users find the likes of Linux, and want to run a better OS at a much
- better price. There are many different issues to address, because new
- computers usually come with large EIDE hard drives, and Windows 95 has
- extentions on the old FAT filesystem. Linux understands these issues
- and can handle these challenges in hardware and software.
-
- _2 Let's get Ready to Rumble!_
-
- Linux and Windows 95 can get along quite well on the same hard disk.
- You can also install Linux onto a separate hard disk on the same
- machine. If you have the money to spare to get a second hard disk, go
- ahead and do that. Although it is safe and reliable to run Windows 95
- and Linux on the same hard disk, it is safer to have a second disk.
- But, since I am a poor student, (and so are most of the people I know)
- we are stuck with one large disk.
-
- I assume your hard disk looks like this:
-
- +---------------------------------
- C: | 800M or so, maybe bigger?
- |
- +---------------------------------
-
-
-
- and Windows 95 and MS-Office and Qmodem Pro, and whatever DOS/Windows
- software you have only takes up around 400M + Swap (this is a big,
- sarcastic assumption)! I take it you don't want to lose all this
- software you've spent a lot of time configuring and installing, so you
- don't want to delete this partition and restart all over again.
-
- _3 Ok, I have this partition I want to spare!_
-
- Don't lose hope. There is a program called FIPS, which can
- re-partition your Hard Disk without destroying data. HOWEVER, make
- sure before you use it, you defrag your hard disk (with the optimum
- defrag method). Use the defrag that came with Win95 and use it in the
- GUI-- otherwise you will loose your long file names. After you are all
- defraged, run FIPS and make your disk look something like the
- following:
-
-
- +-------------------------------------
- C: | This is your FAT/VFAT/Win95 partition
- 450M |
- +------------------------------------
- ??? | This is empty space that starts BELOW the 1024th
- | cylander
- +------------------------------------
-
-
-
- FIPS can be found at your favorite Linux FTP sites (sunsite.unc.edu,
- tsx-11.mit.edu, ftp.redhat.com) usually in the /pub/utils/msdos
- directory. If you have a CD for Linux, there is usually a \utils\msdos
- or \utils directory that has FIPS in it as well.
-
- It is _VERY IMPORTANT_ that your Linux partition start before (below)
- the 1024th cylander, otherwise you will be unable to boot it (and
- that's not a good thing).
-
- What exactly is the 1024th cylander? That's where IDE ends and EIDE
- begins-- that's the 528M "mark" on your hard disk. Start your Linux
- partition at around 520M, so the entire kernel and other boot/loader
- files will completely reside below that cylander.
-
- _4 What Next?_
-
- Go ahead and install Linux to that new free space. If you are
- paranoid, when the Linux install proceedure goes to boot, you can boot
- into Windows 95 and mak sure it still runs OK. PLEASE, PLEASE, PLEASE
- listen to the advice given in the tail of section number three. You
- will be unable to use Linux otherwise.
-
- When it comes to piecing out the disk, if you are like most people,
- you'll make a 400M Linux partition (which is pretty comfortable) as
- well as 30M of SWAP (which is more than enough).
-
- At this point, you should be able to install whatever distribution of
- Linux you have without any troubles.
-
- _5 Using your new system!_
-
- Linux can mount, read, and write to Win95's VFAT partitions serveral
- ways. You can use the stock msdos filesystem support that has been
- included in all kernels greater than 1.0. However, using commands
- like:
-
- litterbox~#: mount -t msdos /dev/hda1 /mnt
-
- will only get you as far as filenames with the 8.3 standard. Yick! You
- have Windows 95 so you can use those nifty long file names.
-
- Some Linux users still run kernels that are anchient (by Linux
- standards). In other words, 1.2.xx kernels. Someone coded a module for
- this series of kernels so a user can read files that do not conform to
- the old 8.3 standard. FTP to
- ftp://mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/ and pick up
- a copy of README before doing anything.
-
- Finally, newer kernels (1.3.4x) as well as the long awaited 2.0
- RELEASE have internal vfat support that you can compile in. These
- kernels allow safe read/writes to your VFAT partitions.
-
- _NOTE:_ A word of caution!
-
- IF you are running a "newer" version of Windows 95-- i.e., possibly
- one that ships on computers made after June 1996 as well as the P5-MMX
- series please listen to the following.
-
- Check to see what version of Win95 you are really running. To do this,
- open up a DOS box and type: "ver /r". Here's some sample output:
-
-
- C:\> ver /r
-
- Mircosoft Windows 95 [4.00.1034]
- (C) 1981-1996 Microsoft Corporation.
-
-
-
- Note the minor revision number. If the number is GREATER than 950 you
- may be running a version of the FAT partition type known as FAT32. If
- that is the case, you can still use Linux and Win95, HOWEVER, there is
- NO support to read/write a FAT32 partition. You are SOL if that is the
- case.
-
- Just because you are running a newer version of Win95 doesn't mean
- that you are running FAT32. Load up "fdisk" and use the "display
- partition information" option to show indeed if you are using FAT32.
-
- _5.1 HELP!, I'm stuck with FAT32!_
-
- _5.1.2.1 I have this brand new box that I got from (unamed
- chain/retail store)_
-
- If you are installing Linux onto a drive with FAT32 follow the steps
- from above about installing Linux onto a Win95 system, but do NOT
- install LILO. Instead, skip to section 5.1.3 entitled "linload, what's
- that?" and read the step-by-step workaround for this unfortunate
- situation.
-
- _5.1.2.2 I messed up-- big time!_
-
- This happened to me-- I was running a Win95 beta with FAT32 installed,
- I upgrade Win95, and my system died. I didn't have a Win95 boot disk
- for the version of Win95 I just upgraded to. Here's a little work
- around.
-
- Find ANY MS boot disk made using DOS version 5.0 or greater. Under
- Linux mount the Win95 Beta CD. Mount the floppy as well.
-
-
- litterbox~# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /cdrom
- litterbox~# mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt
-
-
-
- On the CD find the "beta stuff" directory. The MS people move this
- location around... try /cdrom/admin/beta/floppy,
- /cdrom/betaonly/floppy. cp the files io.sys, msdos.sys, and
- command.com to the floppy. "sync" and unmount the disks you mounted.
- Do a reboot and that boot disk *should* work.
-
- _5.1.3 Linload, What's That?_
-
- Linload is a DOS execuatble which loads a kernel image from a DOS HD
- (or floppy) and then boots the rest of the Linux Operating System from
- an appropriate root partition. If you're really a good hacker, you can
- do a floppyless Linux install this way, but today we are going to do
- more traditional uses. When booting into Windows 95 hit the F8 key
- (when:
-
- Starting Windows 95...
-
- is displayed) and select "Safe mode, command prompt only." Go to your
- directory where you put your kernel and run
-
- C:\LINUX> linload.exe zimage root=/dev/hda2 ro"
-
- from there. If you are any good with MS-DOS setups, you can code
- multiple AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files, so that you have a menu
- setup and can choose which OS to boot.
-
- _6 Problems?_
-
- In the reverse of the begining scenario (you have a working Linux box
- and are forced by some power to install Windows 95) Windows 95 WILL
- overwrite your MBR, and thus crush LILO. You have two options: use
- loadlin.exe to load your kernel, and use that to run Linux, or boot
- Linux using a floppy and/or loadlin, then re-install LILO.
-
- Best of luck with your new system!
-
- -Jon
- jkatz@mac.edu
- +1 217 479-7309
- Box 4454 MacMurray College
- Jacksonville, Illinois 62650
- Personal: http://www.in.net/~jkatz
- Corinne: http://corinne.mac.edu
- Resume: http://www.in.net/~jkatz/resume.html
- Room-101: http://room-101.1984.org
- HOWTO: http://www.in.net/~jkatz/win95/Linux-HOWTO.html
-