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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28 V116
- Copyright (C) 1989 - 1994 by McAfee Associates
- All rights reserved.
-
- Documentation by Aryeh Goretsky.
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- McAfee Associates, Inc. (408) 988-3832 office
- 2710 Walsh Avenue, Suite 200 (408) 970-9727 fax
- Santa Clara, CA 95051-0963 (408) 988-4004 BBS (25 lines)
- U.S.A. USR HST/v.32/v.42bis/MNP1-5
- CompuServe GO MCAFEE
- InterNet support@mcafee.COM
- America Online MCAFEE
-
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS:
-
- WHAT'S NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
- - New features and viruses in this release
- - System Requirements
-
- OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
- - Detection of known viruses
- - Detection of new and unknown viruses
-
- SYNOPSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
- - Technical description of known virus detection
- - Technical description of new/unknown virus detection
-
- AUTHENTICITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
- - How to verify the SCAN.EXE program file
-
- COMMAND SUMMARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
- - One-line description of switches
-
- OPTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
- - Detailed explanation of switches
-
- EXAMPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
- - Samples of frequently-used options
-
- EXIT CODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
- - Running VIRUSCAN from batch files
-
- VIRUS REMOVAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
- - How to manually remove a virus
-
- REGISTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
- - How to register VIRUSCAN
-
- TECHNICAL SUPPORT INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
- - Information you should have ready when calling
-
- OBTAINING THE LATEST VERSION OF VIRUSCAN . . . . . . . . . . .18
- - BBS, CompuServe, and Internet access to SCAN
-
- APPENDIX A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
- - Creating a virus string file with the /EXT option
-
- APPENDIX B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
- - How to check only memory for viruses
- - Validation codes: Tips and Tricks
- - Reformatting infected floppies with DOS 5.00 & 6.00
- - Creating a Recovery Disk
-
- APPENDIX C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
- - Foreign Language Support
-
- Page 1
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 2
-
-
- WHAT'S NEW
-
- This is Version 9.28V116 of VIRUSCAN (SCAN.EXE). This
- release adds detection of 21 new viruses and 5 variants,
- bringing the total number of known viruses to 1,942, or counting
- variants, 2,928 viruses.
-
- Beginning with Version 111, we will now be using PKZIP
- Version 2.04g to archive our files.
-
- For a complete list of known viruses, refer to the enclosed
- VIRLIST.TXT file. For a description of known viruses please
- refer to Patricia Hoffman's Hypertext VSUM.
-
-
- SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
-
- SCAN requires 411Kb of free RAM and DOS 2.0 or above.
- Additional memory is required for foriegn language support (see
- APPENDIX C for details).
-
- VIRUSCAN works with 3Com 3/Share and 3/Open, Artisoft LanTastic,
- AT&T StarLAN, Banyan VINES, DEC Pathworks, IBM LAN Server,
- Microsoft LAN Manager, Novell NetWare, and any other IBMNET or
- NETBIOS compatible network operating systems. Contact McAfee
- Associates or your local Authorized Agent if you do not see your
- network listed.
-
- SCAN is designed to check floppy, hard, CD-ROM, and
- compressed (SuperStor, Stacker, Doublespace, etc.) disks on
- both stand-alone and networked PC's as well as network file
- servers for pre-existing infections of known and unknown
- viruses. If you have a Novell NetWare file server, you may
- wish to use the NETSHIELD virus prevention NetWare Loadable
- Module instead.
-
- SCAN displays messages in English (default); foreign
- language support is available for many other languages. Please
- refer to APPENDIX C for information on foreign language support.
-
- NOTE: WRITE-PROTECT THE FLOPPY DISK CONTAINING THE VIRUSCAN
- (SCAN.EXE) PROGRAM BEFORE SCANNING TO PREVENT VIRUSCAN
- FROM BECOMING INFECTED BY A COMPUTER VIRUS.
-
-
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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 3
-
-
- OVERVIEW (Known Virus Detection)
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 (filename SCAN.EXE)
- identifies all 1,942 known computer viruses and their
- variants. Some viruses have been modified so that more
- than one "strain" exists. Counting such modifications,
- 2,928 viruses exist.
-
- All known viruses infect one or more of the following
- areas: the hard disk partition table (alias Master Boot Record);
- the DOS Boot Sector of disks; or one or more executable files on
- the system. Executable files include operating system files,
- .COM files, .EXE files, overlay files, or any other files
- containing program code. A virus that infects more than one
- area, such as a boot sector and an executable file is called
- a multipartite virus.
-
- SCAN checks files, subdirectories, diskettes or entire
- systems for pre-existing computer virus infections. In the
- case of infection by a known virus, it will identify the virus
- infecting the system, the area(s) it was found, and the I.D.
- code used by CLEAN-UP to remove it.
-
- Infected files can be removed using the /D switch in SCAN
- to erase the file, or with the CLEAN-UP universal virus removal
- (disinfection) program. CLEAN-UP is recommended because in most
- cases it will eliminate the virus and fully restore infected
- programs or system areas to normal operation.
-
- The accompanying VIRLIST.TXT file lists describes all
- viruses identified by SCAN and their associated I.D. codes for
- removal by CLEAN-UP.
-
-
- OVERVIEW (Unknown and New Virus Detection)
-
- SCAN has three separate methods of detecting unknown and
- new viruses:
-
- · Validation codes which can be periodically checked against
- to look for the changes made by a virus to files or system
- areas.
-
- · Generic and Family virus detectors to look for new viruses
- which are derivatives of older viruses.
-
- · External virus signatures to insert new virus signature
- strings on a temporary basis to SCAN.
-
-
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 4
-
-
- SYNOPSIS (technical description of known virus detection)
-
- SCAN detects known viruses by searching the system for
- strings (sequences of bytes) unique to each computer virus and
- reporting their presence if found. For viruses which encrypt or
- cipher their code so that every infection of the virus is
- different, SCAN uses detection algorithms (programs) that work
- by statistical analysis, heuristics, or code disassembly.
-
-
- SYNOPSIS (technical description of new/unknown virus detection)
-
- SCAN checks for new or unknown viruses by comparing
- files against previously-recorded validation (checksum) data.
- SCAN has two levels of validation which are stored in three
- separate ways:
-
- · A simple 10-byte long validation checksum may be appended
- to .COM and .EXE files. If a file has been modified, it
- no longer matches the checksum and SCAN will report the
- file may have become infected. (/AV, /CV, /RV switches)
-
- · An enhanced 52-byte validation and recovery data checksum
- can also be created. This can be appended to the end of
- files like the 10-byte checksum, or stored in a separate
- log file which can be offline (e.g., on floppies) for
- recovery purposes. CLEAN-UP can restore infected files,
- partition tables, or boot sectors using this information.
- (/AG, /CG, /RG switches and /AF, /CF, /RF switches)
-
- NOTE: If validation codes are attached to files, SCAN will NOT
- add codes to the partition table, boot sector, or system
- files. Instead, a separate hidden file will be created
- in the root directory named SCANVAL.VAL containing data
- for these areas.
-
- NOTE: Files which are self-checking (e.g., Lotus 1-2-3) should
- not be validated with the /AV (Add Validation) or /AG
- (Add Generic) switches which modify files. Instead, use
- the /AF (Add File) switch.
-
- SCAN also checks for new or unknown viruses by searching
- for Generic or Family virus strings. These are strings that
- have been found repeatedly in different viruses. Since virus
- writers may use the older pieces of code for new viruses, this
- allows SCAN to detect viruses which have not been written yet.
-
- VIRUSCAN can be updated to search for new viruses by an
- External Virus Data File, which allows the user to input new
- search strings for viruses. (/EXT switch)
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 5
-
-
- AUTHENTICITY
-
- Before using SCAN for the first time, verify that it has
- not been tampered with or infected by a virus by using the
- the enclosed VALIDATE program. For instructions on using
- VALIDATE, please read the VALIDATE.DOC file.
-
- The validation results for Version 9.28V116 should be:
-
- FILENAME: SIZE: DATE: CHECK METHOD:
-
- SCAN.EXE 164,247 6-15-1994 M1: 0BC7 M2: 1E18
-
- If your copy of SCAN differs, it may have been damaged or have
- options stored in it with the /SAVE switch. Run SCAN with only
- the /SAVE option to remove any stored options and then re-run
- VALIDATE. Always obtain your copy of VIRUSCAN from a known
- source. The latest version of VIRUSCAN and validation data for
- SCAN.EXE can be obtained from McAfee Associates' BBS at (408)
- 988-4004, from the McAfee Virus Help Forum on CompuServe (GO
- MCAFEE), the mcafee.COM anonymous ftp site on the Internet, or
- the McAfee area on America Online.
-
- VIRUSCAN performs a self-check when run. If SCAN has been
- modified in any way, a warning will be displayed and the user
- will be prompted to either continue or quit. SCAN can still
- check for viruses, however, if SCAN reports that it has been
- damaged, it is recommended that a clean copy be obtained.
-
- All of McAfee Associates' programs are archived with
- Version 2.04g of PKWare's PKZIP Authentic File Verification.
- When unzipped with Version 2.04g of PKWare's PKUNZIP program,
- an "-AV" will be displayed after each file is unzipped and an
- "Authentic files Verified! # FZW807 McAFEE ASSOCIATES" will
- appear once all files are unzipped.
-
- NOTE: If you do not receive the Authentic File Verification
- messages, you may be using a different version of
- PKUNZIP, such as V1.10 or V1.93A. Use PKUNZIP Version
- 2.04g to unzip files if you wish to have Authenticity
- Verification displayed as files are unzipped.
-
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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 6
-
-
- COMMAND SUMMARY
-
- IMPORTANT NOTE: WRITE PROTECT YOUR FLOPPY DISK BEFORE SCANNING
- TO PREVENT INFECTION OF THE VIRUSCAN PROGRAM.
-
- VIRUSCAN checks files and other areas of the system that
- can contain a computer virus. When a virus is found, SCAN
- identifies the virus and the file or system area where it was
- found.
- SCAN examines files based on their extension. The default
- extensions supported by SCAN are .APP, .BIN, .COM, .EXE, .OV?,
- .PGM, .PIF, .PRG, .SWP, .SYS, and .XTP. Additional extensions
- can be added with the /A to check all files.
-
-
- Valid options for VIRUSCAN are:
-
- SCAN {drive(s)} {options}
-
- {drive(s)} - Indicates a drive or drives to be scanned
-
- Options are:
-
- \ - Scan root directory and boot area only
- /? /H or /HELP - Displays help screen
- /A - Scan all files, including data, for viruses
- /AD{x} - Scan all drives {L = Local, N = Network}
- /AF {filename} - Store recovery & validation data to {filename}
- /AG {filename} - Add recovery & validation data to files
- EXCEPT for those listed in {filename}
- /AV {filename} - Add validation codes to files EXCEPT for
- those listed in {filename}
- /BELL - Beep whenever a virus is found
- /BMP - Scan OS/2 Boot Manager partition ONLY
- /CERTIFY - List files that do not have a validation code
- /CF {filename} - Check for viruses using recovery & validation
- data stored in {filename}
- /CHKHI - Check memory from 0Kb to 1,088Kb
- /CG - Check recovery & validation data on files
- /CV - Check validation codes on files
- /D - Overwrite and delete infected files
- /DATE - Save the date and time SCAN was last run
- (use /SHOWDATE to display)
- /EXT {filename} - Scan using external virus data from {filename}
- /FAST - Speed up VIRUSCAN's output
- (see below for specifics)
- /HISTORY {fname} - Create infection log {fname} appending to old log
- /M - Scan memory for all viruses
- (see below for specifics)
-
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 7
-
-
- /MAINT - Scan "invalid media" error (damaged) disk
- /MANY - Scan multiple disks
- /NLZ - Skip internal scan of LZEXE-compressed files
- /NOBREAK - Disable Ctrl-C and Ctrl-Brk during scanning
- /NOEXPIRE - Do not display expiration notice
- /NOMEM - Disable memory check
- /NOPAUSE - Disable screen pause when scanning
- /NPKL - Skip internal scan of PKLITE-compressed files
- /REPORT {fname} - Create infection log {fname} deleting the old log
- /RF {filename} - Remove recovery & validation data from {filename}
- /RG - Remove recovery & validation data from files
- /RV - Remove validation codes from specified files
- /SAVE - Save specified options as new default options
- /SHOWDATE - Display the date and time SCAN was last run
- (use /DATE to save date and time)
- /SUB - Scan all subdirectories inside a subdirectory
- @{filename} - Scan using options from {filename}
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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 8
-
-
- OPTIONS
-
- Following is a detailed description of VIRUSCAN's options.
-
- NOTE: The /AV and /AG switches modify executable files, the
- /SAVE switch modifies the SCAN.EXE file. If SCAN is
- run against a network drive, it must be run from an
- account with rights to modify files.
-
- NOTE: Changes made by the /AV, /AG, and /SAVE switches may
- cause other anti-viral programs to generate a warning.
-
- /A - This option checks all files on the drive scanned and also
- examines a greater portion of files. This substantially
- increases the time required to scan disks and also increases
- VIRUSCAN's ability to detect viruses in overlay files. It is
- recommended this switch only be used when installing software
- or if a file-infecting virus has been found.
-
- /AD{x} - This option scans all drives for viruses. If /ADL
- is used, all local drives are checked, including compressed
- drives and CD-ROM's. If /ADN is used, all networked drives
- are checked. To scan local and network drives, use /AD by
- itself.
-
- /AF {filename} - This option logs recovery and validation
- data for .COM and .EXE files, boot sector, and partition table
- of a disk to a user-specified file. The log file size is about
- 20Kb per 1,000 files validated. Recovery from a virus using the
- /AF information requires the CLEAN-UP (CLEAN.EXE) program.
-
- /AG {filename} - This option allows the user to store recovery
- and validation data for .COM and .EXE files, boot sector, and
- partition table of a disk. Recovery information adds 52 bytes
- to files. The recovery information for the partition table,
- boot sector, COMMAND.COM and system files is stored separately
- in a hidden file called SCANVAL.VAL in the root directory of the
- drive being scanned. {filename} is an optional ASCII text file
- listing files NOT to add recovery and validation data to (see
- NOTE below). Recovery from a virus using the /AG information
- requires the CLEAN-UP (CLEAN.EXE) program.
-
- /AV {filename} - This option allows the user to store validation
- codes for .COM and .EXE files, boot sector, and partition table
- of a disk. Validation information adds 10 bytes to files. The
- validation codes for the partition table, boot sector, system
- files and COMMAND.COM is stored separately in a hidden file
- named SCANVAL.VAL in the root directory of the drive being
- scanned. {filename} is an optional ASCII text file listing the
- files NOT to add validation codes to (see note below).
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 9
-
-
- NOTE: Files which are immunized against viruses or contain
- self-modifying code should not have validation codes
- added to them. To prevent SCAN from adding validation
- codes to these files, a validation exception list must be
- created with the path and filename of each file NOT to be
- validated listed on each line (only one filename for each
- line). To put a comment in, start the line with an "*"
- character. This sample file contains a list of programs
- NOT to validate:
-
- *LIST OF FILES NOT TO USE /AV OR /AG OPTIONS WITH
- *
- *This is Nantucket Corp's database program, Clipper
- C:\CLIPPER\BIN\CLIPPER.EXE
- *This is Lotus Development Corp's spreadsheet program, 1-2-3
- C:\123\123.COM
- *This is Microsoft's database program, FoxPro
- C:\FOX\FOXPROLX.EXE
- *This is MS-DOS 5.00's self-modifying program, SETVER
- C:\DOS\SETVER.EXE
- *PKWare's data compression programs already perform a self-check
- C:\PKWARE\PKLITE.EXE
- C:\PKWARE\PKZIP.EXE
- C:\PKWARE\PKUNZIP.EXE
- *SemWare's QEdit text editor (which I am writing this with now)
- C:\SEMWARE\Q.EXE
- *Stac Technologies hard disk swapping program
- C:\SWAPVOL.COM
- *Symantec's Norton Utilities V6.01 disk caching program
- C:\NORTON\NCACHE.EXE
- *WordStar Corp's word processor is self-modifying
- C:\WORDSTAR\WS.EXE
-
- The validation exception list should be an ASCII or DOS
- text file. If a word processor is used to create the list, be
- sure to save the file as ASCII or DOS Text.
-
- /BELL - This option causes SCAN to beep when a virus is found.
-
- /BMP - This option tells SCAN to check the OS/2 Boot Manager
- partition. When run with this option, SCAN checks the Boot
- Manager partition and boot sector only.
-
- /CERTIFY - This option will audit a system for files that have
- validation codes added to them with the /AG or /AV switches.
- Files that have no validation code will be reported as being
- uncertified by VIRUSCAN and an ERRORLEVEL of 3 will be returned
- after SCAN is run.
-
-
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 10
-
-
- /CF {filename} - This option checks recovery and validation data
- stored by the /AF option in {filename}. If a file or system
- area has changed, SCAN reports that a viral infection may have
- occurred. Using the /CF option adds about 25% more time to
- scanning.
-
- /CG - This options checks recovery and validation data added by
- the /AG option. If a file or system area has changed, SCAN
- reports that a viral infection may have occurred. Using the /CG
- option adds about 25% more time to scanning. This option takes
- priority over the /CV option.
-
- /CHKHI - This option checks the memory from 640Kb to 1,088Kb
- which can be used on 286 and 386 systems by computer viruses.
- On XT systems, memory may be scanned twice. Memory above 1,088
- is not addressed directly by the CPU and can not contain viral
- code. This option cannot be used with the /NOMEM option.
-
- /CV - This option checks validation codes inserted by the /AV
- option. If a file or system area has been changed, SCAN will
- report that the file or system area has been modified and a
- viral infection may have occurred. Using the /CV option adds
- about 20% more time to scanning.
-
- NOTE: Some older Hewlett Packard and Zenith PC's modify the
- boot sector each time the system is booted. This causes
- SCAN to continually report that the boot sector has been
- modified if the /CF, /CG, or /CV switches are used.
- Check your system's manual to determine if your PC has
- self-modifying boot code.
-
- /D - This option tells SCAN to prompt the user to overwrite
- and delete an infected files. Files erased by the /D option
- can not be recovered. If the CLEAN-UP program is available,
- it can be used to disinfect the file. Partition table and boot
- sector viruses can not be removed by the /D option and require
- the CLEAN-UP virus removal program.
-
- NOTE: If the /D switch is used against a network drive, SCAN
- must be run from an account with erase or delete rights.
-
- /DATE - This option stores the time and date SCAN was last run.
- This is done by changing the date on the SCANVAL.VAL file. If
- no SCANVAL.VAL file exists, SCAN will create a 0-byte long one
- in the currently-logged directory.
-
-
-
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-
-
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-
-
- /EXT {filename} - This option tells SCAN to search for viruses
- using virus search strings from ASCII text file {filename}, in
- addition to the viruses that SCAN looks for. For instructions
- creating an external virus data file, refer to Appendix A.
-
- NOTE: The /EXT option provides users with the ability to add
- strings for detection of viruses on an interim or
- emergency basis. When used with the /D option, it will
- overwrite-and-delete infected files. This option is not
- for general use and should be used with caution.
-
- /FAST - This option speeds SCAN up by displaying less on the
- the screen, skipping checking inside of LZEXE- and PKLITE-
- compressed files, and examining a smaller portion of files
- during scanning. This may reduce the accuracy of SCAN.
-
- /HISTORY {filename} - This option saves the output of SCAN
- to {filename} in ASCII text file format. If {filename} exists,
- SCAN will add the results of the current scan to the end.
-
- /M - This option tells VIRUSCAN to check system memory for all
- known computer viruses that can inhabit memory. SCAN by default
- only checks memory for critical and "stealth" viruses, which are
- viruses which can cause catastrophic damage or spread the virus
- infection during the scanning process. By default, SCAN will
- check memory for the following viruses:
-
- 1024 1253 1530 15xx variant
- 1963 1971 2153 2560
- 3040 337 3445-Stealth 4096
- 500 512 557 702
- ABC Agena Anthrax Antitelefonica
- Aragon arcv B3 Blood Rage
- Brain Budo Caz CD
- Chang Coffee Shop Copyr-ug Cracky
- Crusher Dark Avenger Davis Dir-2
- DM-330 Doom II EEL Empire
- End-of Evil Genius ExeBug Fam
- Feist Fish Flu FORM
- Frodo Soft Fune Futhark Geek
- Greemlin Green HA HBT
- Hellween 1182 Hi Highland Horror
- Ice9 Iernim IOU Jeru Variant
- Joanna Joshi Jump4Joy Kersplat
- L1 Larry Leech LixoNuke
- Lozinsky Lycee Magnum Malaga
- Malaise Microbes Mirror Mocha
- Monkey Mugshot Mummy Murphy
-
-
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-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 12
-
-
- NCU Li Ninja Nomemklatura NOP
- No-Int Nygus Nygus-KL Ontario-3
- Otto P1R PCBB11 Penza
- Phantom Piazzola Plastique Pogue
- Pojer Problem Radyum Rattle
- Reaper Reklama Rocko Sandwich
- SBC Scr-2 Scroll Scythe
- Sentinel Sergant Silence Sk
- Sk1 Sma-108a Soyun Stealthb
- Sticky Stoned (Vari) Sunday-2 SVC
- Tabulero Taiwan3 Ten Bytes Tequila
- Thursday 12th Turbo Turkey Twin-351
- V2100 V2P6 V600 Vietnamese
- Walker Whale Windmill Yan2050a
- Youth Zaragoza
-
- If any of the above viruses is found in memory, SCAN will stop,
- tell the user to power down and reboot the system from a virus-
- free system-bootable disk. This option can not be used with the
- /NOMEM option.
-
- NOTE: Using the /M option with another anti-viral software
- package may result in false alarms if the other package
- does not remove or cipher (hide or otherwise encrypt) its
- virus search strings in memory.
-
- /MAINT - This option is used to scan hard disks partitioned
- with DOS 4.0 or above that have been damaged by a boot sector
- or partition table infecting virus or non-DOS partitions, such
- as those created by Novell NetWare/386 or IBM OS/2 V2.0 HPFS.
- Attempts to access damaged or non-DOS disks result in an
- "Invalid media" message being displayed. When SCAN is run with
- this option, only the partition table and boot sector will be
- scanned.
-
- NOTE: The /MAINT switch can only be used on a local drive. If
- you wish to scan the boot sector or partition table of a
- network drive, SCAN must be run from the file server, not
- a workstation.
-
- /MANY - This option is used to scan multiple diskettes placed
- in a given drive. If the user has more than one floppy disk to
- check for viruses, the /MANY option will allows the user to
- check disks without having to re-run SCAN multiple times. After
- the system has been disinfected, the /MANY and /NOMEM options
- options can be used together to speed up the scanning of disks.
-
- /NLZ - This option tells SCAN not to look inside files
- compressed with LZEXE, a file compression program. SCAN will
- still check LZEXE-compressed files for viruses that may have
- become infected after LZEXE compression.
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 13
-
-
- /NOBREAK - This option prevents Ctrl-C or Ctrl-Brk from aborting
- the scanning process.
-
- /NOMEM - This option turns off all memory checks for viruses
- in order to speed up the scanning process. It should only be
- used when a system is known to be virus-free. This option can
- not be used with the /CHKHI or /M options.
-
- /NOEXPIRE - This option prevents SCAN from displaying a warning
- message after 7 months warning that it may no longer be current
- with respect to known computer viruses.
-
- /NOPAUSE - This option disables the "More? (H = Help )" prompt
- displayed when SCAN fills up a screen with 24 lines of text.
- This allows SCAN to run on PC's with severe infections without
- requiring operator assistance.
-
- /NPKL - This option tells SCAN not to look inside files
- compressed with PKLITE, a file compression program. SCAN will
- still check PKLITE-compressed files for viruses that may have
- become infected after PKLITE compression.
-
- /REPORT {filename} - This option saves the output of SCAN
- to {filename} in ASCII text file format. If {filename} exists,
- SCAN will erase it and replace with the current scan results.
-
- /RF {filename} - This option removes recovery and validation
- data from log file {filename} created by the /AF option.
-
- /RG - This option removes validation and recovery data from a
- file or files validated with the /AG option. Using the /RG
- switch against a drive removes the SCANVAL.VAL file. This
- option can not be used with the /AG option.
-
- /RV - This option removes validation codes from a file or files
- validated with the /AV option. Using the /RV switch against a
- drive removes the SCANVAL.VAL file. This option can not
- be used with the /AV option.
-
- /SAVE - This option stores any listed options for subsequent
- executions of SCAN. The options are stored by modifying the
- SCAN.EXE executable file itself. For example:
-
- SCAN /NOMEM /REPORT C:\SCAN.LOG /NOPAUSE /SAVE
-
- saves the default options to /NOMEM, /REPORT C:\SCAN.LOG and
- /NOPAUSE and will cause SCAN to use these options the next time
- it is run. If SCAN is run with only the /SAVE switch, all saved
- options are removed and the SCAN.EXE is returned to normal. If
- you do not wish to modify the SCAN.EXE file, use the @{filename}
- option instead.
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 14
-
-
- NOTE: VALIDATE 0.4 must be used to validate SCAN V89 or above
- if the /SAVE option is used. /SAVE directly modifies
- SCAN.EXE in such a manner that validate codes will not
- match if an older version of VALIDATE is used. VALIDATE
- 0.4 generates correct validation results if the /SAVE
- option is used.
-
-
- /SHOWDATE - This option displays the time and date SCAN was last
- run on the specified drive. No virus checking is performed.
-
- NOTE: When run with /SHOWDATE, SCAN only displays the last run
- date. Viruses will *NOT* be checked for.
-
- /SUB - This option scans all subdirectories inside a
- subdirectory. Previously, SCAN would only recursively check
- subdirectories if a drive was scanned at the root level (e.g.,
- C:). Do not use the /SUB switch if you are scanning a drive
- from the root level.
-
- @{filename} - This option allows the user to store a list of
- options and drives to be scanned in a configuration file.
- Options need to be separated by a space, while drives (disks,
- subdirectories, or files) need to be listed on separate lines.
- A sample file might look like this:
-
- /A /BELL /CV /NOMEM /REPORT C:\VIRUSCAN\SCAN.LOG
- C:
- D:\BBS
- E:\MCAFEE\CLEAN-UP\CLEAN.EXE
-
- The first line contains the SCAN options while other lines list
- the names of disks, subdirectories, or files to scan. The file
- should be an ASCII text file. If a word processor is used to
- create the list, be sure to save it as ASCII or DOS text.
-
-
-
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-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 15
-
-
- EXAMPLES
-
- The following examples show different option settings:
-
- SCAN C:
- To scan drive C:
-
- SCAN F:
- To scan drive F: on a Novell NetWare LAN for viruses
-
- SCAN F: G: H: /A /D
- Scans all files on network drives F:, G:, and H:, and
- prompt for erasure of any infected files, if found.
-
- SCAN C: D: E: /AV /NOMEM
- Scan for viruses, add validation codes to files on
- drives C:, D:, and E:, and skip memory checking.
-
- SCAN C: D: /M /A
- Scan all files on C: and D:, memory for all viruses.
-
- SCAN C: /EXT A:SAMPLE.ASC /BELL
- To scan drive C: for known computer viruses and also
- for viruses added by the user via the external virus
- data file option, and beep whenever a virus is found.
-
- SCAN M: /M /NOPAUSE /REPORT A:INFECTN.RPT
- To scan for all viruses in memory and network drive M:
- without stopping, and create a log file INFECTN.RPT on
- drive A:
-
- SCAN E:\USER\DUNN E:\USER\LUCAS E:\USER\THOMAS /SUB
- To scan all subdirectories inside the directories
- USER\DUNN, USER\LUCAS, and USER\THOMAS on drive E:
-
- SCAN C: D: E: /FAST /CERTIFY
- To perform a fast scan of drives C:, D:, and E: and
- check for any files that do not have validation codes.
-
- SCAN @C:\SCANOPTN.LST
- To run SCAN using configuration file SCANOPTN.LST
- located in the root directory of drive C:.
-
- SCAN /AD /M
- Scan all local hard drives, network drives, and memory.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 16
-
-
- EXIT CODES
-
- After VIRUSCAN has finished running, it will set the DOS
- ERRORLEVEL. ERRORLEVEL's are used in batch files to pass the
- results of a program's actions. The ERRORLEVEL's returned by
- SCAN are:
-
- ERRORLEVEL │ DESCRIPTION
- ═══════════╪══════════════════════════════════════════════
- 0 │ No viruses found
- 1 │ One or more viruses found
- 2 │ Abnormal termination (program error)
- 3 │ One or more uncertified files found
- 4 │ Ctrl-C or Ctrl-Break aborted scan
-
- If a user stops the scanning process, SCAN will set the
- ERRORLEVEL to 4. If you wish to prevent users from stopping the
- scanning process, then run SCAN with the /NOBREAK option.
-
-
- VIRUS REMOVAL
-
- What do you do if a virus is found? You can contact McAfee
- Associates for help, their authorized agents, or use the CLEAN-UP
- program.
-
- McAfee Associates can be reached by BBS, CompuServe, FAX,
- Internet, or Telephone and there is no charge for support calls
- to McAfee Associates (Authorized agents may charge normal McAfee
- Associates consulting rates.).
-
- The CLEAN-UP universal virus disinfection program can
- disinfect virtually all reported computer viruses. It is
- updated with each release of the SCAN program to remove new
- viruses. CLEAN-UP can be downloaded from McAfee Associates'
- BBS, the McAfee Virus Help Forum on CompuServe, the mcafee.COM
- and Oak.Oakland.EDU sites on the Internet, the McAfee area on
- America Online, or from any of the agents' BBSes listed in the
- enclosed AGENTS.TXT text file.
-
- It is strongly recommended that you get experienced help in
- dealing with viruses if you are unfamiliar with anti-virus
- software and methods. This is especially true for 'critical'
- viruses and partition table/boot sector infecting viruses as
- improper removal of these viruses can result in the loss of
- all data and the use of the infected disk(s). [For a listing of
- critical viruses, see the /M switch listed under OPTIONS above.]
-
- Before removing a boot sector or partition table-infecting
- virus, it is recommended that you cold boot the infected PC from
- a clean DOS disk and backup any critical data.
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 17
-
-
- For qualified assistance in removing a virus, contact
- McAfee Associates directly or any of the Authorized Agents in
- your area. Agents may charge McAfee Associates' normal consult
- rates for their services.
-
- If you wish to remove a file-infecting virus manually, cold
- boot the PC from a clean (virus-free) DOS system disk and run
- SCAN with the /A and /D switches to erase all infected files.
- Any files removed in this manner can not be recovered.
-
-
- REGISTRATION
-
- A registration fee of US$25.00 is required for the use of
- VIRUSCAN by individual home users. Registration entitles the
- holder to unlimited free upgrades from McAfee Associates' BBS,
- the Internet, CompuServe, and America Online as well as
- technical support for one year. When registering, a diskette
- containing the latest version may be requested for an
- additional US$9.00. Only one diskette mailing will be made.
- Registration is for home users only and does not apply to
- businesses, corporations, organizations, government agencies, or
- schools, which must obtain a license for use. Contact McAfee
- Associates directly or an Authorized Agent for more information.
-
-
- TECH SUPPORT
-
- For fast and accurate help, please have the following
- information ready when you contact McAfee Associates:
-
- · Program name and version number.
-
- · Type and brand of computer, hard disk, plus any
- peripherals.
-
- · Version of DOS plus any TSRs or device drivers in use.
-
- · Printouts of your AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files.
-
- · A printout of what is in memory from the MEM command
- (DOS 4 and above users only) or a similar utility.
-
- · The exact problem you are having. Please be as
- specific as possible. Having a printout of the
- screen and/or being at your computer will be helpful.
-
- McAfee Associates can be contacted by America Online, BBS,
- CompuServe, FAX, or InterNet 24 hours a day, or by telephone
- at (408) 988-3832, Monday through Friday, 7:00AM to 5:30PM
- Pacific Time (GMT-7).
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 18
-
-
- If you are overseas, you can contact a McAfee Associates
- Authorized Agent. Agents are located in over 50 countries
- around the world and provide local sales and support for our
- software. Please refer to the AGENTS.TXT file for a complete
- list of McAfee Associates Agents.
-
-
- OBTAINING THE LATEST VERSION OF McAFEE ASSOCIATES PROGRAMS
-
- McAfee Associates regularly updates the VIRUSCAN series
- of programs every 4 to 6 weeks to add new virus detectors,
- new options, and fix reported bugs. To distribute these new
- versions, we run a multi-line BBS, CompuServe Forum, InterNet
- node, and America OnLine aea.
-
- BBS ACCESS
-
- Our 25-line BBS is accessible 24 hours a day, 365 days a
- year, except for scheduled downtime and maintenance. All lines
- run US Robotics Courier HST Dual Standard ASL modems operating
- from 1,200bps to 16,800bps with line settings of 8 data bits, no
- parity, and one stop bit.
-
-
- THE McAFEE VIRUS HELP FORUM ON COMPUSERVE
-
- We are now sponsoring the McAfee Virus Help Forum on
- CompuServe. To reach the McAfee Virus Help Forum type GO MCAFEE
- at any CompuServe prompt. A free introductory membership is
- available. For more information, please read the enclosed
- COMPUSER.TXT file.
-
-
- INTERNET ACCESS TO McAFEE ASSOCIATES SOFTWARE
-
- The latest versions of McAfee Associates' anti-viral
- software is now available by anonymous ftp (file transfer
- protocol over the Internet from the site mcafee.COM. If
- your domain resolver does not support names, use the IP#
- 192.187.128.1. Enter "anonymous" for your user I.D. and
- your own email address for the password. Programs are
- located in the pub/antivirus directory. If you have any
- questions, please send email to support@mcafee.COM
-
- McAfee Associates' anti-viral software may also be
- found at the SimTel Software Repository at the Oak.Oakland.EDU
- site in the pub/msdos/virus directory and its associated mirror
- sites ARCHIE.AU (Australia), FTP.FUNET.FI (Finland), FTP.SWITCH.CH
- (Switzerland), FTP.TECHNION.AC.IL (Israel), SRC.DOC.IC.AC.UK (UK),
- and at FTP.UU.NET and WUARCHIVE.WUSTL.EDU (USA).
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 19
-
-
- APPENDIX A: Creating a Virus String File with the /EXT Option
-
- NOTE: The /EXT option is intended for emergency and research
- use only. It is a temporary method for identifying new
- viruses prior to the subsequent release of SCAN. A
- thorough understanding of viruses and string-search
- techniques is advised for using this option. A string
- length of 10 to 15 bytes is recommended.
-
- The External Virus Data file should be created with an
- editor or a word processor and saved as an ASCII text file. Be
- sure each line ends with a Carriage Return/Line Feed pair.
-
-
- The virus string file uses the following format:
-
- #Comment about Virus_1
- "aabbccddeeff..." Virus_1_Name
- #Comment about Virus_2
- "gghhiijjkkll..." Virus_2_Name
- .
- .
- "uuvvwwxxyyzz..." Virus_n_Name
-
-
- Where aa, bb, cc, etc. are the hexadecimal bytes that you wish
- to scan for. Each line in the file represents one virus. The
- Virus Name for each virus is mandatory, and may be up to 25
- characters in length. The double quotes (") are required at the
- beginning and end of each hexadecimal string.
- SCAN will use the string file to search memory, the
- Partition Table, Boot Sector, System files, all .COM and .EXE
- files, and overlay files with the extension .APP, .BIN, .COM,
- .EXE, .OV?, .PGM, .PIF, .PRG, .SWP, .SYS, and .XTP.
- Virus strings may contain wild cards. The two wildcard
- options are:
-
- FIXED POSITION WILDCARD
- The question mark "?" may be used to represent a wildcard
- in a fixed position within the string. For example, the string:
-
- "E9 7C 00 10 ? 37 CB"
-
- would match "E9 7C 00 10 27 37 CB", "E9 7C 00 10 9C 37 CB", or
- any other similar string, regardless of the fifth byte.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 20
-
-
- RANGE WILDCARD
-
- The asterisk "*", followed by range number in parentheses
- "(" and ")" is used to represent a variable number of adjoining
- random bytes. For example, the string:
-
- "E9 7C *(4) 37 CB"
-
- would match "E9 7C 00 37 CB", "E9 7C 00 11 37 CB", and
- "E9 7C 00 11 22 37 CB". The string "E9 7C 00 11 22 33 44 37 CB"
- would not match since the distance between 7C and 37 is greater
- than four bytes. You may specify a range of up to 99 bytes.
- Up to 10 different wildcards of either kind may be used in one
- virus string.
-
-
- COMMENTS
- A pound sign "#" at the beginning of a line will denote a
- comment. Use this for adding notes to the external virus data
- file. For example:
-
- #New .COM virus found in file FRITZ.EXE from
- #Schneiderland on 01-22-91
- "53 48 45 45 50" Fritz-1 [F-1]
-
- gives a description of the virus, name of the infected file,
- where and when it was found, etc.
-
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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 21
-
-
- APPENDIX B: Miscellaneous Application Notes
-
-
- CHECKING MEMORY FOR VIRUSES ONLY
-
- VIRUSCAN can perform a quick check for viruses in memory
- only. In this mode, SCAN will not check the disk for viruses.
- This option is useful for network administrators who need to
- check workstations for viruses before allowing them to log on to
- a LAN but cannot run the VSHIELD program due to memory
- constraints. The command for this is:
-
- SCAN NUL /M /CHKHI
-
- By designating NUL as the drive to be scanned, SCAN will check
- system memory for viruses (up to 1088Kb if the /CHKHI option is
- used) and then return to DOS without scanning any disks. SCAN
- returns the DOS ERRORLEVEL in the normal manner.
-
-
- VIRUSCAN VALIDATION CODES
-
- If you have installed any new software or programs on your
- system, and are running VIRUSCAN or VSHIELD with the /CF, /CG,
- or /CV validation codes options, you will need to reinstall
- validation codes to the new files with the /AF, /AG, or /AV
- add validation codes options of SCAN. In addition, the
- SCANVAL.VAL hidden file containing validation codes for the
- partition table, boot sector, COMMAND.COM, and system files may
- have to be replaced (unhide the file with the DOS ATTRIB command
- and then delete it).
- The quickest way to update the validation codes is to
- remove all validation codes from the hard disk and then add them
- back by running SCAN with the /RV and then the /AV options.
-
- NOTE: This applies to any new version of DOS, as well as any
- programs which you install on your system.
-
-
- REFORMATTING INFECTED FLOPPIES WITH DOS 5.00 or 6.00
-
- When reformatting infected floppy disks under DOS 5.0, be
- sure to add the /U switch to the FORMAT command. This tells DOS
- to do an Unconditional Format of the disk, without saving the
- original infected boot sector of the disk. This should be done
- to prevent the reinfection by unformatting the disk.
-
-
-
-
-
-
- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 22
-
-
- CREATING A RECOVERY DISK USING THE /AF OPTION
-
- The /AF switch added in Version 90 of SCAN creates a
- separate file to store recovery data and validation codes.
- This file can be stored off-line (on a floppy disk, network
- drive, tape drive, etc.) and accessed on-demand to check for,
- and recover from infection by unknown viruses.
- To create a Recovery Disk, format a system-bootable floppy
- diskette by typing "FORMAT A: /S" and pressing Enter. Then,
- copy the VIRUSCAN (SCAN.EXE) and CLEAN-UP (CLEAN.EXE) files on
- to it. Run SCAN against the hard disk with the /AF option.
- For example:
- SCAN C: D: /AF A:\SCANCRC.CRC
-
- will scan the C: and D: drives for known viruses and create
- a file named SCANCRC.CRC containing recovery data and validation
- codes. After SCAN finishes, write-protect the disk.
- To check for virus infection, turn the PC off, insert the
- Recovery Disk, and turn the power back on. The PC will now boot
- from the floppy disk. At the DOS prompt, type:
-
- SCAN C: D: /CF A:\SCANCRC.CRC
-
- to compare drives C: and D: against the recovery data stored
- in the SCANCRC.CRC file on the A: drive.
-
-
- To disinfect your system, turn your PC off, insert the
- Recovery Disk, and turn the power back on. The PC will now
- boot from the floppy disk. At the DOS prompt, type:
-
- CLEAN C: D: /GRF A:\SCANCRC.CRC
-
- to restore drives C: and D: with the recovery data stored in the
- SCANCRC.CRC file on the A: drive.
-
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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 23
-
-
- APPENDIX C: FOREIGN LANGUAGE SUPPORT
-
- VIRUSCAN can display messages in a foreign language by
- reading in a replacement set of messages from an external
- file named MCAFEE.MSG. When the MCAFEE.MSG file is placed in
- the same directory as the SCAN.EXE file, SCAN will display
- messages from the foreign language module instead of displaying
- messages in English (American). Currently, SCAN is bundled with
- two .MSG files, FRENCH.MSG and SPANISH.MSG, which contain
- messages in French (European) and Spanish (Latin America),
- respectively.
-
- NOTE: Using a foreign language module increases CLEAN-UP's memory
- requirements by the size of the foreign language file
- (typically 15 to 25Kb).
-
- To use a foreign language module, rename it to MCAFEE.MSG
- and place it in the same directory as the SCAN.EXE file. When
- SCAN is run, it will check for the MCAFEE.MSG file and use it,
- if found.
-
- Support for other languages such as Chinese, French (Canadian),
- Hungarian, Norwegian, Russian, Swahili, Swedish is planned for
- future releases. Contact your local McAfee Associates
- Authorized Agent or McAfee Associates directly for availability.
-
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- VIRUSCAN Version 9.28V116 Page 24
-
-
- IMPORTANT NOTICE - PLEASE READ!
-
- Due to the nature of anti-virus software, the slight chance
- exists that a virus may be reported in a file that is not
- infected by that virus.
-
- If you receive a report of a virus infection which you believe
- may be in error, please contact McAfee Associates by telephone
- at (408) 988-3832, by fax at (408) 970-9727, or upload the file
- to our BBS at (408) 988-4004 along with your name, address,
- daytime telephone number, and electronic mail address, if any.
-
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