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- ¢1mDirectory¢22m ¢1mLayout¢22m ¢1mand¢22m ¢1mPATH¢22m ¢1min¢22m ¢1mC¢22m ¢1mNews¢22m
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- ¢4mHenry¢24m ¢4mSpencer¢24m
- Dept. of Zoology
- University of Toronto
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- ¢1mIntro¢22m
- C News is constrained by historical compatibility with B
- News, but we also want to provide more flexibility for local
- news administrators. Accordingly, our directory organiza¡
- tion is a little different from that of B News. We also
- make a lot of use of subordinate programs rather than lump¡
- ing everything into a few giant lumps, and this means we
- need a notion of search paths.
- See also ``Configuration Mechanisms in C News'', which talks
- about how to alter the defaults for these paths and such.
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- ¢1mDirectory¢22m ¢1morganization¢22m
- We retain the notion that a single directory (usually
- /usr/spool/news) is the top of the news¡article database.
- We also use subdirectories of this directory, using names
- including `.' to ensure that they cannot collide with news¡
- group names, to hold incoming batches and outgoing batch
- control files. One can debate whether this is the right
- place for these activities, but in practice /usr/spool/news
- tends to be where people want to put potentially¡big traf¡
- fic¡handling directories, and it's not worth providing for
- separate variation of the location.
- We do split the former /usr/lib/news into two, however. We
- reserve /usr/lib/news itself for control files that are log¡
- ically part of the database. (It would make sense to put
- those under some subdirectory of /usr/spool/news, but that
- would break a lot of programs that think these files live in
- /usr/lib/news.) The programs¡¡those which don't need to be
- directly executable by users or ¢4muucp¢24m¡¡live in
- /usr/lib/newsbin. Actually, they usually live in subdirec¡
- tories thereof, with each significant subsystem having its
- own subdirectory to keep the individual directories manage¡
- able in complexity. There are occasional general¡purpose
- utilities at the top level; there aren't enough of them to
- be worth a separate directory.
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- ¢1mPATH¢22m
- In general, things are organized to permit sharing of
- /usr/lib/newsbin among multiple databases. It doesn't make
- sense to share /usr/lib/news among multiple databases, as
- much of the stuff that lives there is logically part of the
- database.
- There is a possibility that an individual database will want
- to override specific decisions made by the programs, i.e.
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- 12 Dec 1988
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- will want its own version of some programs. Accordingly,
- provision is made for a `bin' directory under /usr/lib/news.
- News software should set its PATH to something on the order
- of
- /usr/lib/news/bin:/usr/lib/newsbin/xxx:/usr/lib/newsbin:/bin:/usr/bin
- (See the ``Configuration Mechanisms'' document for how this
- should ¢4mactually¢24m be written, to facilitate configuration
- changes and local customization.) That is, first look in
- the database's bin directory for overrides, then in some
- subdirectory of /usr/lib/newsbin for the subsystem's pro¡
- grams, then in newsbin itself for news¡wide utilities, then
- in the standard system directories for standard Unix utili¡
- ties.
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- 12 Dec 1988
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