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- JPEGTRAN(1) JPEGTRAN(1)
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- NAME
- jpegtran - lossless transcoding of JPEG files
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- SYNOPSIS
- jpegtran [ options ] [ filename ]
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- DESCRIPTION
- jpegtran translates JPEG files from one variant of JPEG to
- another, for example from baseline JPEG to progressive
- JPEG. The transformation is lossless: no image degrada
- tion occurs, which would not be true if you used djpeg
- followed by cjpeg. However, you cannot alter the image
- quality, because that would not be a lossless operation.
- jpegtran reads the named JPEG/JFIF file, or the standard
- input if no file is named, and produces a JPEG/JFIF file
- on the standard output.
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- OPTIONS
- jpegtran accepts a subset of the switches recognized by
- cjpeg. If you specify no switches, you get a plain base
- line JPEG output file.
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- All switch names may be abbreviated; for example, -opti
- mize may be written -opt or -o. Upper and lower case are
- equivalent. British spellings are also accepted (e.g.,
- -optimise), though for brevity these are not mentioned
- below.
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- The basic switches are:
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- -optimize
- Perform optimization of entropy encoding parame
- ters. Without this, default encoding parameters
- are used. -optimize usually makes the JPEG file a
- little smaller, but at the price of slower compres
- sion. Note that -progressive implies -optimize.
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- -progressive
- Create progressive JPEG file (see below).
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- The -progressive switch creates a "progressive JPEG" file.
- In this type of JPEG file, the data is stored in multiple
- scans of increasing quality. If the file is being trans
- mitted over a slow communications link, the decoder can
- use the first scan to display a low-quality image very
- quickly, and can then improve the display with each subse
- quent scan. The final image is exactly equivalent to a
- standard JPEG file of the same quality setting, and the
- total file size is about the same --- often a little
- smaller. Caution: progressive JPEG is not yet widely
- implemented, so many decoders will be unable to view a
- progressive JPEG file at all.
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- Switches for advanced users:
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- -restart N
- Emit a JPEG restart marker every N MCU rows, or
- every N MCU blocks if "B" is attached to the num
- ber. -restart 0 (the default) means no restart
- markers.
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- -maxmemory N
- Set limit for amount of memory to use in processing
- large images. Value is in thousands of bytes, or
- millions of bytes if "M" is attached to the number.
- For example, -max 4m selects 4000000 bytes. If
- more space is needed, temporary files will be used.
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- -outfile name
- Send output image to the named file, not to stan
- dard output.
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- -verbose
- Enable debug printout. More -v's give more output.
- Also, version information is printed at startup.
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- -debug Same as -verbose.
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- The -restart option inserts extra markers that allow a
- JPEG decoder to resynchronize after a transmission error.
- Without restart markers, any damage to a compressed file
- will usually ruin the image from the point of the error to
- the end of the image; with restart markers, the damage is
- usually confined to the portion of the image up to the
- next restart marker. Of course, the restart markers
- occupy extra space. We recommend -restart 1 for images
- that will be transmitted across unreliable networks such
- as Usenet.
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- Switches for wizards:
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- -scans file
- Use the scan script given in the specified text
- file.
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- The "wizard" switches are intended for experimentation
- with JPEG. If you don't know what you are doing, don't
- use them. These switches are documented further in the
- file wizard.doc.
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- EXAMPLES
- This example converts a baseline JPEG file to progressive
- form:
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- jpegtran -progressive foo.jpg > fooprog.jpg
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- ENVIRONMENT
- JPEGMEM
- If this environment variable is set, its value is
- the default memory limit. The value is specified
- as described for the -maxmemory switch. JPEGMEM
- overrides the default value specified when the pro
- gram was compiled, and itself is overridden by an
- explicit -maxmemory.
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- SEE ALSO
- cjpeg(1), djpeg(1), rdjpgcom(1), wrjpgcom(1)
- Wallace, Gregory K. "The JPEG Still Picture Compression
- Standard", Communications of the ACM, April 1991 (vol. 34,
- no. 4), pp. 30-44.
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- AUTHOR
- Independent JPEG Group
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- BUGS
- Arithmetic coding is not supported for legal reasons.
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- Still not as fast as we'd like.
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