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Assembly Source File | 1987-05-05 | 14.3 KB | 550 lines

Title 'Wolfware Assembler Sample Program', 'Resident Time Display' ;============================================================================= ; Resident Time Display ; ; A RAM resident utility which, if active, constantly displays the time in the ; the upper right corner. Once the utility is installed, the time is activated ; or deactivated with Alt-1 (hold down the Alt key and type 1 on the numeric ; keypad, then release the Alt key). The program is inactive when first ; installed. To install, just type: ; ; RTIME ; ; The time is updated about three times a second, in the backround of whatever ; program is presently being executed. The time display overwrites whatever is ; on the screen at that location. The display can only be activated or ; deactivated when the foreground program does keyboard I/O via interrupt 16H. ; This program should be compatible with with most other programs, resident or ; not, but be warned that memory resident programs exist in a world of hazy ; definitions (i.e. they might not work even when they ought to). This utility ; uses about 1065 bytes of memory. ; ; For simplicity, the program assumes that there are 65535 ticks in an hour, ; which is not accurate, as there are actually 65543. This means that the ; displayed time is 8 ticks fast for each hour past midnight. The most that ; the clock is in error occurs just before midnight, when it is 8 * 23 = 184 ; ticks, or about 10 seconds fast. As result of this, the time actually runs ; to about 24:00:10 before switching to 00:00:00. ; ; RTIME does not check for graphics modes. If your computer is in graphics ; mode, rather than showing the time, RTIME with show a bunch of random dots. ; You should probably disable RTIME before going into a graphics mode. Proc Far Jmp Install ;skip to installation routine ;--- version number Ver_Hi Equ 1 ;ones digit of version Ver_Lo Equ 11 ;decimal digit of version ;================================================ ; Equates. True Equ -1 ;true flag False Equ 0 ;false flag ;--- display location, location of first character of 8 byte string Row Equ 1 ;row, 1 to 25 Column Equ 73 ;column, 1 to 80 ;--- execution parameters Key Equ 0001h ;int 16H key code to activate, Alt-1 Attribute Equ 70h ;display attribute, reverse video Count_Set Equ 6 ;wait count, updated 18.2/COUNT_SET = 3/sec ;--- BIOS data, at segment 0 Equip_Flag Equ 0410h ;equipment word Screen_Col Equ 044ah ;CRT columns ;--- interrupt location, at segement 0 Keyboard Equ 58h ;keyboard fetch, interrupt 16 Timer_Tick Equ 70h ;timer tick vector location, interrupt 1C ;--- clock information Timer_Low Equ 046ch ;low word of timer, at segment 0 Timer_High Equ 046eh ;high word of timer, at segment 0 Counts_Sec Equ 18 ;counts in second Counts_Min Equ 1092 ;counts in minute Counts_Hor Equ 0ffffh ;counts in hour ;--- local stack size, stack just has to handle ;--- local routines and any hardware interrupts Stack Equ 20 + 20 ;size ;================================================ ; Data. Activated Db False ;activation status, initially off Counter Db ? ;execution counter, set when activated Time_Row Dw Row - 1 ;display row Time_Col Dw Column - 1 ;display column Stack_Off Dw ? ;storage for stack offset Stack_Seg Dw ? ;storage for stack segment Local_Stk Dw Offset End + Stack ;local stack top Screen_Off Dw ? ;screen offset Screen_Seg Dw ? ;screen segment Temp Dw ? ;temporary storage ;--- display string Tdisplay Label Byte ;start of string Db '--:--:--' Tdisplay_End Label Byte ;end of string (to calculate length) ;--- original interrupts Old_Int16 Label Dword Dw ? ;offset Dw ? ;segment Old_Int1c Label Dword Dw ? ;offset Dw ? ;segment ;================================================ ; Alternate interrupt 16H (keyboard I/O) to handle ; normal function calls while intercepting display ; activation/deactivation commands. Check for ; command only if read key or get keyboard status ; (functions 0 and 1). Int16 Proc Far Sti ;interrupts on Pushf ;save entry flags ;--- read next key Or Ah, Ah ;check if read key Jnz Nonkey ;jump if not I16get Seg Cs ;code segment Call Old_Int16 ;keyboard interrupt Cmp Ax, Key ;check scan code Je Subkey ;jump if activate key Iret ;--- activation key on read Subkey Call Toggle_Act ;toggle present setting Sub Sp, 2 ;simulate flags for interrupt call Sub Ah, Ah ;read next key function Jmps I16get ;try again ;--- keyboard status Nonkey Cmp Ah, 1 ;check if keyboard status Jne Nonstat ;jump if not Popf ;restore entry flags Pushf ;flags for interrupt call Seg Cs ;code segment Call Old_Int16 ;keyboard interrupt Pushf Jnz I16chksk ;jump if key in buffer Popf Ret 2 ;throw away flags in stack on return I16chksk Cmp Ax, Key ;check scan code Je I16fact ;jump if activate key Popf Ret 2 ;throw away flags in stack on return ;--- activation key on status I16fact Sub Ah, Ah ;get key function Sub Sp, 2 ;simulate flags for interrupt call Seg Cs ;code segment Call Old_Int16 ;keyboard interrupt, get key Call Toggle_Act ;toggle present setting Mov Ah, 1 ;status function Jmps Nonkey ;try again, flags still on stack ;--- keyboard shift status or unknown function Nonstat Seg Cs ;code segment Call Old_Int16 ;keyboard interrupt, (flags on stack) Iret Endp ;Int16 ;================================================ ; Toggle active setting and reset screen info. ; Clears time display (sets to dashes). Toggle_Act Proc Near Seg Cs Cmp Activated, True ;check if on Je Actoff ;jump if so, turn off ;--- activate Seg Cs Mov Activated, True ;activate Seg Cs Mov Counter, Count_Set ;reset counter Jmps Screenres ;--- deactivate Actoff Seg Cs Mov Activated, False ;activate off ;--- reset screen information and clear display ;--- switch to local stack Screenres Seg Cs Mov Stack_Seg, Ss ;save stack segment Seg Cs Mov Temp, Cs Seg Cs Mov Ss, Temp ;new stack segment Seg Cs Mov Stack_Off, Sp ;save stack pointer Seg Cs Mov Sp, Local_Stk ;new stack ;--- save all registers Push Ax Push Bx Push Cx Push Dx Push Di Push Si Push Ds Push Es Cld ;forward direction ;--- set screen information Sub Ax, Ax Mov Ds, Ax ;segement 0 Mov Bx, [Screen_Col] ;screen columns Mov Ax, 0b800h ;graphics segment Mov Dx, [Equip_Flag] ;get equipment flag And Dx, 30h ;mask CRT bits Cmp Dx, 30h ;check if BW card Jne Notbw ;jump if not Mov Ax, 0b000h ;BW segement Notbw Mov Dx, Cs Mov Ds, Dx Mov Es, Dx ;set data segment registers Mov Screen_Seg, Ax ;save segment ;--- calculate screen offset Mov Ax, Bx Sub Dx, Dx Mul Ax, Time_Row ;row offset Add Ax, Time_Col ;add for columns Shl Ax ;times two, account for attribute bytes Mov Screen_Off, Ax ;save ;--- clear time display (set numbers to dashes) Mov Ax, 2d2dh ;dashes to clear time and date Cli ;interrupts off while display Mov Di, Offset Tdisplay;dislay line Stosw ;hours Inc Di Stosw ;minutes Inc Di Stosw ;seconds Call Display ;display new string Sti ;interrupts back on ;--- restore registers Pop Es Pop Ds Pop Si Pop Di Pop Dx Pop Cx Pop Bx Pop Ax ;--- restore stack Seg Cs Mov Sp, Stack_Off ;stack pointer Seg Cs Mov Ss, Stack_Seg ;stack segment Ret Endp ;Toggle_Act ;================================================ ; Alternate interrupt 1CH (timer tick). Executed ; every timer tick (about 18.2 times a second). ; ; One out of COUNT_SET cycles the time is displayed ; to its predetermined location, so the time is ; actually updated 18.2/COUNT_SET times per second. ; ; Each interrupt calls the original timer tick ; interrupt for the benefit of any other routines ; that were using it. Int1c Proc Near Cli ;interrupts off ;--- check if activated Seg Cs Cmp Activated, True ;check if activated Je Redischk ;jump if so Exit Pushf ;flags for interrupt call Seg Cs Call Old_Int1c ;call original interrupt Iret Redischk Seg Cs Dec Counter ;decrement counter Jnz Exit ;jump if not zero ;--- redisplay time ;--- switch to internal stack Seg Cs Mov Activated, False ;deactivate Seg Cs Mov Stack_Seg, Ss ;save stack segment Seg Cs Mov Temp, Cs Seg Cs Mov Ss, Temp ;new stack segment Seg Cs Mov Stack_Off, Sp ;save stack pointer Seg Cs Mov Sp, Local_Stk ;new stack ;--- save all registers Push Ax Push Bx Push Cx Push Dx Push Di Push Si Push Ds Push Es Cld ;forward direction ;--- get time Sub Ax, Ax Mov Ds, Ax ;segment 0 Mov Dx,[Timer_High] ;timer high Mov Ax,[Timer_Low] ;timer low ;--- set time Mov Bx, Cs Mov Ds, Bx Mov Es, Bx ;set segment registers Mov Counter, Count_Set ;reset counter Mov Di, Offset Tdisplay ;start of time display string Mov Bx, Counts_Hor ;counts/hour Div Ax, Bx ;divide Call Number_Con ;convert to ASCII and store Inc Di ;skip colon Mov Ax, Dx ;remainder is new dividend Sub Dx, Dx Mov Bx, Counts_Min ;counts/minute Div Ax, Bx ;divide Call Number_Con ;convert to ASCII and store Inc Di ;skip colon Mov Ax, Dx ;remainder is new dividend Sub Dx, Dx Mov Bx, Counts_Sec ;counts/second Div Ax, Bx ;divide Call Number_Con ;convert to ASCII and store Call Display ;display string to screen ;--- restore registers Pop Es Pop Ds Pop Si Pop Di Pop Dx Pop Cx Pop Bx Pop Ax ;--- restore stack Seg Cs Mov Sp, Stack_Off ;restore stack pointer Seg Cs Mov Ss, Stack_Seg ;restore stack segment Seg Cs Mov Activated, True ;reactivate Jmp Exit ;exit routine Endp ;Int1c ;================================================ ; Convert number in AL to two digit ASCII string ; and store result to DI. Number must be in range ; 0 to 99. DI returns pointing to byte after new ; string. Number_Con Proc Near Shl Al Sub Ah, Ah ;AX gets relative offset Add Ax, Offset Numbers ;absolute offset Mov Si, Ax Movsw ;move word (two byte digits) Ret ;--- numbers 00 to 60, though the minutes and seconds should only reach ;--- 59, due to slightly inaccurate rounding, the times tend to get to 60 Numbers Label Byte Db '00010203040506070809' Db '10111213141516171819' Db '20212223242526272829' Db '30313233343536373839' Db '40414243444546474849' Db '50515253545556575859' Db '60' Endp ;Number_Con ;================================================ ; Display the time string to the screen by ; writing it directly to the screen buffer. Display Proc Near Mov Ah, Attribute ;display attribute Mov Cx, Offset Tdisplay_End - Offset Tdisplay ;length Mov Di, Screen_Off ;offset into screen Mov Si, Offset Tdisplay ;start of time string Mov Es, Screen_Seg ;segment of screen ;--- move string to screen buffer Disloop Lodsb ;load character Stosw ;store character and attribute Loop Disloop ;loop CX times Ret Endp ;Display End Label Byte ;end of code and data, start of stack space ;================================================ ; Install the alternate interrupts. Install Proc Near ;--- install new interrupt vectors Mov Ax, Offset Int16 ;keyboard offset Mov Bx, Cs ;present segement Mov Cx, Offset Int1c ;timer offset Mov Dx, Cs ;present segement ;--- get and save old interrupts Mov Ax, 3516h ;function and interrupt 16h Int 21h ;execute Mov Word Old_Int16, Bx ;offset Mov Word Old_Int16+2, Es ;segment Mov Ax, 351ch ;function and interrupt 1ch Int 21h ;execute Mov Word Old_Int1c, Bx ;offset Mov Word Old_Int1c+2, Es ;segment ;--- set new interrupts Mov Ax, 2516h ;function and interrupt 16h Mov Dx, Offset Int16 ;keyboard offset Int 21h ;execute Mov Ax, 251ch ;function and interrupt 1ch Mov Dx, Offset Int1c ;timer offset Int 21h ;execute (and it's activated!) ;--- display message Mov Dx, Offset Installm ;message location Mov Ah, 9 ;print string function Int 21h ;execute ;--- finish up Mov Dx, Local_Stk ;end of interrupt, top of local stack Mov Cl, 4 Shr Dx, Cl ;paragraph form Inc Dx ;allow for fraction of paragraph Mov Ax, 3100h ;exit function (stay resident) Int 21h ;execute ;--- message Installm Db 13,10 Db '[-------------------------------------------]', 13, 10 Db '[ Resident time display utility installed ]', 13, 10 Db '[----------------- Ver ' Db Ver_Hi+'0', '.', Ver_Lo/10+'0', Ver_Lo\10+'0' Db ' ----------------]', 13, 10 Db '[ press ALT-1 to activate/deactivate ]', 13, 10 Db '[-------------------------------------------]', 13, 10,'$' Endp ;Install Endp ;main program