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Path: comp-sources-3b1 From: thad@btr.com (Thaddeus P. Floryan) Subject: v02i020: tprobe: tape saveset analyzer and duplicator, Part01/01 Newsgroups: comp.sources.3b1 Approved: dave@galaxia.network23.com X-Checksum-Snefru: f20c84c6 bb9657c6 a066ce14 8881e749 Submitted-by: thad@btr.com (Thaddeus P. Floryan) Posting-number: Volume 2, Issue 20 Archive-name: tprobe/part01 T P R O B E -- Tape Saveset Analyzer and Duplicator, Version 1.0 tprobe is a utility which succeeds duplicating boot/install tapes that are not easily copied by other means. One of its features is operation over a pipeline utilizing multiple tape drives whereever they exist on a network or a system. tprobe can also (indirectly) perform media conversions, though the only verified conversions have been from QIC-120 and QIC-150 to QIC-24 and vice versa; there is no inherent limitation, so other conversions are definitely possible. Another feature is that a tape may be processed without disk space being usurped for intermediate staging. Thus, a full 150MB tape can be duplicated even if one's system has only, say, 20MB free. tprobe's basic operation reveals a tape's existing saveset layout and stored capacity, and requires only a single tape drive for this analysis. tprobe was intended to be a one-time-only program, but it is useful in its present incarnation and does solve others' immediate and present problems. Systems on which tprobe has been installed and tested include CTIX, Sun-3, Sun-4, 3B1 (with QIC-02, *NOT* the /dev/rft3 floppy tape), and an AT&T 3B2 (with a SCSI tapedrive). Accompanying this source distribution is complete nroff-/troff-ready documentation and additional notes and anecdotes not appropriate for the "man" page. Additional README.* files contain extracts from some of my recent Usenet postings concerning tapes, their formats, their setup and their handling per: README.2150 concerning Archive 2060S/2150S jumper settings README.5945 concerning Archive 5945C, SCSI, and Emulex MT02 setup README.exb concerning Exabyte EXB-8200 capacities and setup README.qic concerning QIC compatibility README.tzk10 concerning DEC's TZK10 and Archive's ST525 drives This program has functioned satisfactorily for the author, but no guarantees or warrantees are given or implied that tprobe will be suitable for your applications; this software is distributed "AS IS." Any error detection and correction, such as may exist, is limited to that available with the standard system I/O calls open(2), read(2) and write(2). By installing tprobe on your system, you assume all risks and liabilities for its use. Thad Floryan [ thad@btr.com (OR) {decwrl, mips, fernwood}!btr!thad ] ---- Cut Here and feed the following to sh ---- #!/bin/sh # This is a shell archive (produced by shar 3.49) # To extract the files from this archive, save it to a file, remove # everything above the "!/bin/sh" line above, and type "sh file_name". # # made 02/18/1992 21:43 UTC by thad@cosmic # Source directory /usr/local/src/tprobe # # existing files will NOT be overwritten unless -c is specified # # This shar contains: # length mode name # ------ ---------- ------------------------------------------ # 1211 -rw-r--r-- Makefile # 1140 -rw-r--r-- Makefile.3b1 # 3465 -rw-r--r-- README # 1675 -rw-r--r-- README.2150 # 2440 -rw-r--r-- README.5945 # 1931 -rw-r--r-- README.exb # 2742 -rw-r--r-- README.qic # 1657 -rw-r--r-- README.tzk10 # 11058 -rw-r--r-- tprobe.c # 9992 -rw-r--r-- tprobe.man # # ============= Makefile ============== if test -f 'Makefile' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping Makefile (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting Makefile (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'Makefile' && X# Generic Makefile for tprobe X# X# make will create the tprobe executable in the current directory X# make catman will create catman-style documentation in the current directory X# make install will mv(1) the executable to the specified $(DEST) directory X# make clean will tidy-up the current directory after a link or install X# make lint will check the source for programming irregularities X# make lintp will check the source for portability considerations X# X# Several options can be uncommented for configuration on your system. X XCC = cc X X# Uncomment or change as appropriate for your system: X# XCOPT = -O X#CDBG = -g X#CPROF = -p -g X# XCFLAGS = $(COPT) $(CDBG) $(CPROF) X XLDFLAGS = -s X X# Uncomment or change as appropriate for your system: X# X#LSVR3 = -lc_s X# XLIBS = $(LSVR3) X XNAME = tprobe XOBJS = tprobe.o XSRCS = tprobe.c XMANF = tprobe.man XMANEXT = 1 X XDEST = /usr/local/bin XFMODE = 555 X X$(NAME) : $(OBJS) X $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LIBS) X Xinstall : $(NAME) X mv $(NAME) $(DEST)/ X chmod $(FMODE) $(DEST)/$(NAME) X Xcatman : $(NAME).$(MANEXT) X X$(NAME).$(MANEXT) : $(MANF) X nroff -man $(MANF) > $(NAME).$(MANEXT) X Xclean : X rm -f core *~ $(OBJS) X Xlint : X lint $(SRCS) X Xlintp : X lint -p $(SRCS) SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 Makefile || echo 'restore of Makefile failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'Makefile'`" test 1211 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'Makefile: original size 1211, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= Makefile.3b1 ============== if test -f 'Makefile.3b1' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping Makefile.3b1 (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting Makefile.3b1 (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'Makefile.3b1' && X# 3B1 Makefile for tprobe X# X# make will create the tprobe executable in the current directory X# make cat will create catman-style documentation in the current directory X# make install will mv(1) the executable to the specified $(DEST) directory X# make clean will tidy-up the current directory after a link or install X# make lint will check the source for programming irregularities X# make lintp will check the source for portability considerations X# X# Several options can be uncommented for configuration on your system. X XCC = gcc X X# Uncomment or change as appropriate for your system: X# XCOPT = -O X#CDBG = -g X#CPROF = -p -g X# XCFLAGS = $(COPT) $(CDBG) $(CPROF) X XLDFLAGS = -s X XLIBS = /lib/crt0s.o /lib/shlib.ifile X XNAME = tprobe XOBJS = tprobe.o XSRCS = tprobe.c XMANF = tprobe.man XMANEXT = 1 X XDEST = /usr/local/bin XFMODE = 555 X X$(NAME) : $(OBJS) X $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LIBS) X Xinstall : $(NAME) X mv $(NAME) $(DEST)/ X chmod $(FMODE) $(DEST)/$(NAME) X Xcat : $(NAME).$(MANEXT) X X$(NAME).$(MANEXT) : $(MANF) X nroff -man $(MANF) > $(NAME).$(MANEXT) X Xclean : X rm -f core *~ $(OBJS) X Xlint : X lint $(SRCS) X Xlintp : X lint -p $(SRCS) SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 Makefile.3b1 || echo 'restore of Makefile.3b1 failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'Makefile.3b1'`" test 1140 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'Makefile.3b1: original size 1140, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= README ============== if test -f 'README' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping README (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting README (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'README' && X T P R O B E X X Tape Saveset Analyzer and Duplicator X X @(#)README V1.0, 12-Feb-1992, Thad Floryan [ thad@btr.com ] X X Xtprobe is a utility which succeeds duplicating boot/install tapes that are not Xeasily copied by other means. One of its features is operation over a pipeline Xutilizing multiple tape drives whereever they exist on a network or a system. X Xtprobe can also (indirectly) perform media conversions, though the only Xverified conversions have been from QIC-120 and QIC-150 to QIC-24 and vice Xversa; there is no inherent limitation, so other conversions are definitely Xpossible. X XAnother feature is that a tape may be processed without disk space being Xusurped for intermediate staging. Thus, a full 150MB tape can be duplicated Xeven if one's system has only, say, 20MB free. X Xtprobe's basic operation reveals a tape's existing saveset layout and stored Xcapacity, and requires only a single tape drive for this analysis. X Xtprobe was intended to be a one-time-only program, but it is useful in its Xpresent incarnation and does solve immediate and present problems. X Xtprobe was conceived when it was realized the SunOS 4.1.1 Sun-3 SUNBIN install Xtape was to be the last ever from Sun for that architecture and that a backup Xwas essential to prevent disaster if the tape should be "bad" when most needed Xto boot into a miniroot. X XComplete nroff-/troff-ready documentation accompanies this distribution. XAdditional notes and anecdotes not appropriate for the "man" page follow. X Xtprobe began as a Kwik'N'Dirty program to ascertain the saveset layout of Xtapes to discover why "obvious" means of tape duplication were not successful; Xvarying record sizes were found to be the problem whose solution (for my Xpurposes) is the present release. X XAn obvious but often neglected fact is that tape drives need to be kept clean. XMany tape subsystem enclosures are poorly-designed, with fans sucking in dust Xand atmospheric contaminants over the heads and operating parts. It's my Xopinion that tape drive housings should be constructed with fan(s) blowing Xfiltered air IN to maintain a positive pressure inside the enclosure as a Xbarrier to pollution (per the guidelines of clean rooms used in semiconductor Xmanufacture). Systems with externally-replaceable filters are the best. X XFor optimum performance and reliability, tapes should also be retensioned Xprior to use. Retensioning (one high speed rewind cycle from end to end) Xassures a even tape pack and facilitates accurate tape handling by the tape Xdrive transport. X XAlways, ALWAYS write-protect a tape after removing it from a drive. All QIC Xand 1/2" cartridges have a tab that can be turned or flipped to a "SAFE" Xposition; DO IT! The number of laments posted to Usenet after someone Xoverwrites a crucial backup is increasing; be SAFE, not SORRY. X XRemember: the most dangerous command on UNIX, or any system for that matter, Xis the RETURN. Very few commands are retractable. Be careful! X XAccompanying this README are extracts from some of my recent Usenet postings Xconcerning tapes, their formats, their setup and their handling per: X XREADME.qic concerning QIC compatibility XREADME.2150 concerning Archive 2060S/2150S jumper settings XREADME.5945 concerning Archive 5945C, SCSI, and Emulex MT02 setup XREADME.exb concerning Exabyte EXB-8200 capacities and setup XREADME.tzk10 concerning DEC's TZK10 and Archive's ST525 drives X X XThad Floryan [ thad@btr.com (OR) {decwrl, mips, fernwood}!btr!thad ] SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 README || echo 'restore of README failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'README'`" test 3465 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'README: original size 3465, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= README.2150 ============== if test -f 'README.2150' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping README.2150 (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting README.2150 (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'README.2150' && X Viper 2060S and 2150S hardware setup X X XHardware setup amongst the 9 sets of jumpers includes: X X SCSI ID: 3 sets of jumpers X Serial: this should NOT be set X Diagnostic: this should NOT be set X Parity Enable: setting depends on your interface; either EVERYTHING X or NOTHING on the bus should be checking parity. X Buffer Disc: 3 sets of jumpers select 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 and X 32K buffer sizes. Factory default is 16K. This is X the number of bytes transferred over the bus in a X single operation. A mininum of 16K is required for X the SCSI "COPY" command. X X XWhere to find all this at the back of the drive: X X [OOOO] TTTTTTTT TTTTTTTT TTTTTTTT X [JJ] SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS X X Where: [OOOO] is the power connector X [JJ] is the jumper block X TTTTTT are the three 8-pin terminators X SSSSSS is the 25x2 SCSI connector X X The jumper block looks like this (in the orientation as above): X X [ SERIAL ] [ CF2 ] [ ID2 ] X [ DIAG. ] [ CF1 ] [ ID1 ] X [ PARITY ] [ CF0 ] [ ID0 ] X X SERIAL: no jumper X DIAG: no jumper X PARITY: jumper to enable X X ============================= BUFFER ============================== X X SIZE: 2K 4K 6K 8K 12K 16K 24K 32K X X CF2: o o o o o o o o [o=o] [o=o] [o=o] [o=o] X CF1: o o o o [o=o] [o=o] o o o o [o=o] [o=o] X CF0: o o [o=o] o o [o=o] o o [o=o] o o [o=o] X X X ============================= SCSI ID ============================= X X ID: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 X X ID2: o o o o o o o o [o=o] [o=o] [o=o] [o=o] X ID1: o o o o [o=o] [o=o] o o o o [o=o] [o=o] X ID0: o o [o=o] o o [o=o] o o [o=o] o o [o=o] X X =================================================================== SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 README.2150 || echo 'restore of README.2150 failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'README.2150'`" test 1675 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'README.2150: original size 1675, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= README.5945 ============== if test -f 'README.5945' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping README.5945 (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting README.5945 (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'README.5945' && X>I have a surplus Archive 5945C QIC tape drive intended for an X>NCR Tower computer. The drive assembly includes an interface X>board of some kind. The adapter board, which is separate from X>the tape drive, has a 50 pin edge connector. X> X>Is this a SCSI assembly? X XNo, it is not a SCSI assembly. X XI have identical drives/cards on my Britton-Lee/ShareBase boxes, and on X3B1, CT MiniFrame, and CT MightyFrame systems. X XThe drive is QIC-02; the interface card accompanying it (assuming it's Xmfd by Archive) is most likely a QIC-36 to QIC-02 adapter/translator. X XOn the 50-wire edge connector, not many of the "pins" are used. In fact, Xwhen used in external tape-drive-only shoeboxes, Archive has two interface Xcards which adapt an external connector to the 50-wire edge connector per: X X D-37 connector to 50-wire edge: 80332-001 X DB25 connector to 50-wire edge: 80221-001 X XThese connector-adapter cards are about 1" x 3", and are intended to be Xmounted on the "wall" of an enclosure case. X XWhen that tape-drive/card is (typically) mounted inside a computer, a 50-wire Xribbon connector is usually used to connect the drive to either a motherboard Xor an internal expansion card. This is why "pulls" (a surplussed drive from Xan old computer) are often mistaken for being a SCSI drive. X XIf the accompanying card is an Emulex MT02 (as used on Sun3 systems, for Xexample), then you could use that drive on a SCSI bus. The 25x2 SCSI connector Xand the two 14-PIN 220/330 Ohm terminator sockets would be obvious; the ID Xselection is not obvious (due to use of an unlabelled 8-pos'n DIP switch): X X SW-1 thru SW-3 select SCSI ID per: X SW-3 is bit "2", SW-2 is bit "1", SW-1 is bit "0" X X SW-4 is not used. X X SW-5 must be ON ("tach" rate), SW-6 and SW-7 must be OFF X X SW-8 enables parity checking X XSUMMARY: if the card accompanying the drive is mfd by Archive, it's NOT SCSI, Xand you risk damage attempting to adapt a cable to plug it into a SCSI-based Xsystem. X XWITHOUT EXCEPTION, of the 100's of HDs, tape drives, and other peripherals XI've seen, SCSI ones will have a 25x2 dual-row pin connector whose pins are Xon 0.100" centers, and they'll also have an "obvious" location for SCSI Xterminators (either 14-/16-pin DIP sockets, several SIP sockets, or one Xlarge 24-DIP socket), and either a DIP switch or jumpers for selecting other XSCSI and mfr-specific parameters (such as parity, buffer sizes, delayed power- Xon, "PIN 26" TERMPWR selections, etc.). SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 README.5945 || echo 'restore of README.5945 failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'README.5945'`" test 2440 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'README.5945: original size 2440, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= README.exb ============== if test -f 'README.exb' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping README.exb (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting README.exb (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'README.exb' && X>Could someone tell me if an Exabyte 8200 puts 2.3GB on X>a 90 or 120 minute tape? X XDepends what cartridge TYPE you're using, and whether you're operating the Xdrive in "international mode" or not. X XFrom Exabyte's "Product Specification" manual, they identify the P5 and P6 Xcartridges, and they list the track and total block capacities from which Xthe following table is an extract. The block count represents the number Xof 1024-byte blocks. Their table is in hex, but I just happen to have my XCasio fx-451 calculator handy for conversions to decimal! X XCartridge Blocks (LBOT to LEOT) X XP5-15 5C100H = 377,088 * 1024 = 386,138,112 bytes XP5-30 BC2B8H = 770,744 * 1024 = 789,241,856 bytes XP5-60 172FF8H = 1,519,608 * 1024 = 1,556,078,592 bytes XP5-90 22C668H = 2,279,016 * 1024 = 2,333,712,384 bytes X XP6-15 407E0H = 264,160 * 1024 = 270,499,840 bytes XP6-30 80FC0H = 528,320 * 1024 = 540,999,680 bytes XP6-60 102020H = 1,056,800 * 1024 = 1,082,163,200 bytes XP6-90 182EA0H = 1,584,800 * 1024 = 1,622,835,200 bytes XP6-120 1FF0E0H = 2,093,280 * 1024 = 2,143,518,720 bytes X X-------------------- X XSo far I've seen two styles of EXB-8200 drives whose external option jumperings Xdo NOT resemble those depicted in the Exabyte manuals (various forms of the XEXABYTE CORP EXB-8200 8MM Cartridge Tape Subsystem Product Specification, Xpart number MKT-015-03). X XAnother Exabyte manual is their "Interface User's Manual", MKT-016-04, which Xon pages 115-117 show how to set (or check) parity, even/odd byte disconnect, Xdomestic/international cartridges, fixed/variable block modes, etc.) on an XINTERNAL (to the drive) PC card [ and it's a bear to open the drive's card Xcage due to cheap tin (putty? :-) screws whose heads disintegrate even with a Xproper ISO metric screwdriver (same problem with Japanese audio gear; Xdifficult to believe that with the world's most modern steel mills, their Xsteel is the worse (too soft)) ] SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 README.exb || echo 'restore of README.exb failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'README.exb'`" test 1931 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'README.exb: original size 1931, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= README.qic ============== if test -f 'README.qic' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping README.qic (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting README.qic (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'README.qic' && X[concerning QIC compatibility] X XSeems some clarification is required here. Irrespective of the drive's Xinterface (QIC-02, SCSI, etc.) there are several TRACK formats common to all XQIC (Quarter Inch Cartridge) tapes with several levels of upward-compatible XREAD conformance. X XAll the QIC drives perform "serpentine" (hence Archive's Viper, Cobra, etc.) Xrecording meaning one track at a time is recorded in one direction, then the Xheads move and subsequent recording occurs in the opposite direction, etc. X XMuch like the compatibility between {mono, stereo, quad} Philips "Compact XCassettes" (tm) for audio, the QIC manufacturers have agreed upon: X XQIC-11 4 tracks X XQIC-24 9 tracks. 60MB with DC600A tape. X Tracks 0-3 are READ-compatible with the 4 tracks of QIC-11 X XQIC-120 15 (??) tracks [see below] 120MB with DC6150 tape. X Tracks 0-3 are READ-compatible with the 4 tracks of QIC-11 X Tracks 0-8 are READ-compatible with the 9 tracks of QIC-24 X XHP 16 tracks. Pre-formatted from H-P and incompatible with everything. X XQIC-150 18 tracks. 150MB with DC6150 tape; 250MB with DC6250 tape. X Tracks 0-3 are READ-compatible with the 4 tracks of QIC-11 X Tracks 0-8 are READ-compatible with the 9 tracks of QIC-24 X Tracks 0-14 are READ-compatible with the 15 tracks of QIC-120 X XQIC-525 ?? tracks. 525MB with DC6525 tape. X Tracks 0-8 are READ-compatible with the 9 tracks of QIC-24 X Tracks 0-14 are READ-compatible with the 15 tracks of QIC-120 X Tracks 0-17 are READ-compatible with the 18 tracks of QIC-150 X XNOTE that Sun publishes "A Tutorial on 1/4 Inch Tape Drives", Part Number X800-1315-02, which describes all the operational characteristics of such Xdrives and graphically depicts the track layouts illustrating the WHY and XHOW of the read compatibilities. X XNOTE the QIC-150 drive can write 250MB using a longer tape (DC6250) analogous Xto the difference between C-90 and C-120 audio cassettes. X XNOTE the QIC-525 drive is NOT read-compatible with QIC-11. X XNOTE it wasn't made clear to me by Maynard (Archive's end-user and support Xorganization) the "true" differences between QIC-120 and QIC-150 drives; it's Xeither or both the number of tracks and/or the recording density, so take the X"15-tracks of QIC-120" with a grain of salt until someone else posts the Xdefinitive answer. X XThe newer drives are able to automatically sense the recording density and Xmake internal adjustments for read-compatibility. X XBut, whew, the extra calendaring of the tape's surface and the exotic coating Xfor the DC6525 media have pushed its list price (from Archive) up to $79 (this Xfrom a price list at UniForum in January 1992) per cartridge. X XIf you want the info direct from THE manufacturer: X X uunet!maynhbd!info (OR) info@maynhbd.UUCP X 1-800-821-8782 SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 README.qic || echo 'restore of README.qic failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'README.qic'`" test 2742 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'README.qic: original size 2742, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= README.tzk10 ============== if test -f 'README.tzk10' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping README.tzk10 (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting README.tzk10 (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'README.tzk10' && X>[...] X>DEC now offers a 1/4" tape drive - TZK10, which can be used X>for backup, etc. The tapes can hold up to 525Mb. This is X>significantly more than SUN tape drives, but I heard that the X>drives are compatible, i.e. you can read SUN tapes on the TZK10 (tar). X>Is this true? Also, does anyone know the type of tapes that hold X>up to 525Mb and their ballpark price. I currently have a TK50 and X>would like to move to something with more capacity and not too much $$. X>[...] X XWhat you're describing sounds much like Archive's new ST525 series which Xuse the QIC-525 "format" for 525MB. X XIf this IS, in fact, the situation, then the drive would be READ compatible Xwith QIC-24 (60MB with DC600A tape, 9 tracks), QIC-120, and QIC-150(150MB with XDC6150 tapes or 250MB with DC6250 tapes, 18 tracks) as used on Sun (and other) Xsystems. X XFrom Archive's latest pricing sheet (just received last week from Maynard, XArchive's end-user and support subsidiary): X X 90507 DC6250 media $69.00 X 90509 DC6525 media $79.00 X XThose prices are their "US Retail." Given that 3M DC6250 tapes are < $29 Xlocally (Silicon Valley: Fry's Electronics, a "consumer"-type store), you Xshould be able to adjust the (expected) price for 3M DC6525 accordingly. X XArchive's/Maynard's "US Retail" pricing for a "raw" ST525 drive is $1,528 Xfor their "ST525i internal 525MB SCSI drive kit" and $1,880 for their X"ST525e external 525MB SCSI drive kit." X XI dunno; as much as I like Archive drives (over 20 of them here), that X"list" pricing is comparable to Exabyte EXB-8200 drives which can store X4x more data (2.3GB on P5-90 cartridges). X X X[ NOTE: prices quoted above are circa January 1992 ] SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 README.tzk10 || echo 'restore of README.tzk10 failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'README.tzk10'`" test 1657 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'README.tzk10: original size 1657, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= tprobe.c ============== if test -f 'tprobe.c' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping tprobe.c (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting tprobe.c (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'tprobe.c' && X/* X * tprobe - tape analyzer and duplicator X * X * usage: tprobe [ -b N ] [ -r | -w ] /dev/tapedevice X * X * "-b N" specifies a buffersize N other than the default 65536 bytes. X * X * "-r" reads tapedevice and writes to stdout in a special form designed X * to be piped to another tprobe process (even across a net) for writing X * (i.e. duplicating) a tape onto a second tape drive. X * X * "-w" reads stdin specially formatted by another tprobe process and X * writes (i.e. duplicates) to tapedevice. X * X * with no options (other than -b), tprobe reads tapedevice and writes X * a brief analysis its findings to stdout. X * X * Adding switch "-d" for the read-side permits a file (instead of a tape) X * to be used for testing purposes; only works if compiled with -DDEBUG. X * X * In general, the tape should be rewound before the first use of tprobe. X * And the tapedevice "should" be the no-rewind on close device; for X * example: X * X * 3B1: /dev/rmt4 X * CTIX: /dev/rmt4 X * SunOS 4.1.1: /dev/nrst8 X * X * To rewind the tape (before and) after using tprobe: X * X * 3B1: qrewind (Thad's QIC-02 program) X * CTIX: tsioctl -c rewind /dev/rmt0 X * SunOS 4.1.1: mt -f /dev/rst8 rewind X * X * REVISION HISTORY: X * X * 1991 ---- T.Floryan, original Kwik'N'Dirty program for own use X * 12-Feb-1992 V1.0 T.Floryan, release to Usenet after lint-fixing, etc. X * Comments, suggestions, complaints to thad@btr.com X * X */ X X#include <stdio.h> X#include <fcntl.h> X#include <errno.h> X#include <malloc.h> /* added to suppress some of lint's whining */ X Xextern void exit(); Xextern char *strncpy(); Xextern int open(); Xextern int read(); Xextern int write(); Xextern int atoi(); X Xvoid probe_tape(); Xvoid read_tape(); Xvoid write_tape(); Xvoid usage(); X Xtypedef int MWORD; Xtypedef int LWORD; /* sizeof(int) must be sizeof(long) */ Xtypedef unsigned int UWORD; X X#define STDIN 0 /* for read() device */ X#define STDOUT 1 /* for write() device */ X#define BLKSIZE 512 /* QIC tape physical blocking */ X#define TBUFSIZ 65536 /* default R/W buffer size */ X#define MINBUF 512 /* minimum R/W buffer size: 2^9 */ X#define MAXBUF 1048576 /* maximum R/W buffer size: 2^20*/ X#define UMASK 0666 /* needed for creat(2) usage */ X#define VERSKIP 4 /* skip displacement in version string */ X X X/* The following headers represent the control information passed X * by a tape reader process to a tape writer process X */ X#define HDRSIZE 10 /* size of a control header */ X X#define SCANSTR "%8ld" X#define BUFHDR "B%08ld\n" X#define DATHDR "D%08ld\n" X#define SIZHDR "S%08ld\n" X#define CLSHDR "C00000000\n" X#define ERRHDR "E00000000\n" X#define EOTHDR "T00000000\n" X X X#define STATSTR "SS%4d: %7ld blocks, %10ld bytes\n" X#define GTTLSTR "GTotal: %7ld blocks, %10ld bytes\n" X X#ifdef DEBUG Xint debug = 0; Xchar *cmd_options = "b:rwd?hH"; X#else Xchar *cmd_options = "b:rw?hH"; X#endif X XLWORD tbufsize = TBUFSIZ; X Xchar *version = X "@(#)tprobe V1.0, 12-Feb-1992, Thad Floryan [ thad@btr.com ]"; X Xchar *usage_text[] = { X "usage: tprobe [-b N] [-r] tapedev [ | tprobe [-b N] -w tapedev ]", X "where: -b sets buffer size to N (overriding the default 65536)", X " -r specifies \"this\" process to be the tape reader", X " -w designates \"this\" process to be a tape writer", X 0 X}; X X Xmain(argc, argv) X int argc; X char *argv[]; X{ X extern int getopt(); X extern int optind; X extern char *optarg; X X MWORD mode = 0; /* 0=analysis, 1=read, 2=write */ X MWORD bufset = 0; /* non-zero if "-b" specified */ X MWORD optchr; X X X/* X * Quick check to see if the program CAN run on this system due X * to various assumptions. X */ X if (sizeof(int) != sizeof(long)) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, "Program won't run on this system\n"); X exit(1); X } X/* X * Process options X */ X X while ( ( optchr = getopt( argc, argv, cmd_options ) ) != EOF ) { X X switch (optchr) { X X case 'b': if (bufset != 0) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, X "%s: buffer size already set\n", argv[0]); X usage(); X } X ++bufset; X tbufsize = atoi(optarg); X if ((tbufsize < MINBUF) || (tbufsize > MAXBUF)) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, X "%s: unreasonable buffer size (%ld)\n", X argv[0], tbufsize); X usage(); X } X if ((tbufsize % BLKSIZE) != 0) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, X "%s: buffer size (%ld) not multiple of 512\n", X argv[0], tbufsize); X usage(); X } X break; X X case 'r': if (mode != 0) { X (void) fprintf(stderr,"%s: too many options\n", X argv[0]); X usage(); X } X mode = 1; X break; X X case 'w': if (mode != 0) { X (void) fprintf(stderr,"%s: too many options\n", X argv[0]); X usage(); X } X mode = 2; X break; X X#ifdef DEBUG X case 'd': if (mode != 1) { /* must be spec'd after "-r" */ X usage(); X } X ++debug; X break; X#endif /* DEBUG */ X X case '?': X case 'h': X case 'H': X default: usage(); X } X } X X if ( optind == argc ) X usage(); X X if ( optind != (argc - 1)) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, X "%s: extraneous data on command line ``%s''\n", X argv[0], argv[optind + 1]); X usage(); X } X X switch (mode) { X case 0: probe_tape(argv[optind]); X break; X case 1: read_tape(argv[optind]); X break; X case 2: write_tape(argv[optind]); X break; X } X X return 0; X} X X Xvoid Xprobe_tape(tapedev) X char *tapedev; X{ X LWORD grandttl = 0; X LWORD numread = 0; X MWORD ssno = 0; X MWORD td = 0; X LWORD ttlread; X X char *bptr; X char errmsg[200]; X X X bptr = (char *) malloc(tbufsize + 4); X X while (td >= 0) { X X if ( (td = open(tapedev, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, "Cannot open tape unit %s", tapedev); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X X ttlread = 0; X X for (;;) { X numread = read(td, bptr, (UWORD) tbufsize); X if (numread != tbufsize) { X if (numread > 0) { X ttlread += numread; X } X break; X } X ttlread += numread; X } X X (void) printf(STATSTR, ssno, ttlread/BLKSIZE, ttlread); X ++ssno; X grandttl += ttlread; X X (void) close(td); X X if (numread < 0) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, "Read error = %d", errno); X perror(errmsg); X td = -1; X break; X } X if ((ttlread == 0) || (numread == 0)) { X (void) printf("End of tape\n"); X td = -1; X break; X } X } X X (void) free(bptr); X X (void) printf(GTTLSTR, grandttl/BLKSIZE, grandttl); X} X X Xvoid Xread_tape(tapedev) X char *tapedev; X{ X LWORD grandttl = 0; X LWORD numread = 0; X MWORD td = 0; X LWORD ttlread; X X char *bptr; X char *dataptr; X char errmsg[200]; X char header[HDRSIZE + 2]; X X X bptr = (char *) malloc(tbufsize + HDRSIZE + 2); X X if (bptr == NULL) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, X "Cannot allocate requested buffer size: %ld", X tbufsize); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X X dataptr = bptr + HDRSIZE; X X (void) sprintf(header, BUFHDR, tbufsize); X (void) write(STDOUT, header, HDRSIZE); X X while (td >= 0) { X X if ( (td = open(tapedev, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, "Cannot open tape unit %s", tapedev); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X X ttlread = 0; X X for (;;) { X numread = read(td, dataptr, (UWORD) tbufsize); X if (numread != tbufsize) { X if (numread > 0) { X ttlread += numread; X (void) sprintf(header, DATHDR, numread); X (void) strncpy(bptr, header, HDRSIZE); X (void) write(STDOUT, bptr, X (UWORD) (numread + HDRSIZE)); X } X break; X } X ttlread += numread; X (void) sprintf(header, DATHDR, numread); X (void) strncpy(bptr, header, HDRSIZE); X (void) write(STDOUT, bptr, (UWORD) (numread + HDRSIZE)); X } X grandttl += ttlread; X X (void) close(td); X (void) write(STDOUT, CLSHDR, HDRSIZE); /* close */ X X#ifdef DEBUG X if (debug) X td = (-1); X#endif /* ifdef DEBUG */ X X if (numread < 0) { X (void) write(STDOUT, ERRHDR, HDRSIZE); /* tape error */ X td = -1; X break; X } X if ((ttlread == 0) || (numread == 0)) { X (void) write(STDOUT, EOTHDR, HDRSIZE); /* end of tape */ X td = -1; X break; X } X } X (void) sprintf(header, SIZHDR, grandttl/BLKSIZE); X (void) write(STDOUT, header, HDRSIZE); X X (void) free(bptr); X} X X Xvoid Xwrite_tape(tapedev) X char *tapedev; X{ X LWORD grandttl = 0; X LWORD hdrvalue; X LWORD numleft; X LWORD numread = 0; X LWORD numwrote = 0; X MWORD process = 1; X MWORD satis = 0; X MWORD td = -1; X LWORD ttlread = 0; X X char *bptr; X char *dataptr; X char *readptr; X char errmsg[200]; X X X X bptr = (char *) malloc(tbufsize + HDRSIZE + 2); X X if (bptr == NULL) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, X "Cannot allocate requested buffer size: %ld", X tbufsize); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X X numread = read(STDIN, bptr, HDRSIZE); X X if (numread != HDRSIZE) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, X "We gotta problem; header size wrong: %ld", X numread); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X X if (*bptr == 'B') { X (void) sscanf(bptr + 1, SCANSTR, &hdrvalue); X if (hdrvalue != tbufsize) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, "Buffer disagreement: R=%ld, W=%ld", X hdrvalue, tbufsize); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X } else { X perror("First header not ``B''"); X exit(1); X } X X dataptr = bptr + HDRSIZE; X X while (process != 0) { X X numread = read(STDIN, bptr, HDRSIZE); X X if (numread != HDRSIZE) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, X "We gotta problem; header size wrong: %ld", X numread); X perror(errmsg); X exit(1); X } X (void) sscanf(bptr + 1, SCANSTR, &hdrvalue); X X switch (*bptr) { X case 'D': if (td < 0) { X if ( (td = creat(tapedev, UMASK)) < 0) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, X "Cannot open tape unit %s", X tapedev); X perror(errmsg); X process = 0; X } X } X X numleft = hdrvalue; X readptr = dataptr; X satis = 0; X X while (satis == 0) { X numread = read(STDIN, readptr, (UWORD) numleft); X if (numread != numleft) { X numleft -= numread; X readptr += numread; X ttlread += numread; X } else { X ttlread += numread; X ++satis; X } X } X X numwrote = write(td, dataptr, (UWORD) hdrvalue); X if (numwrote != hdrvalue) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, X "Tape size error: %ld should be %ld\n", X numwrote, hdrvalue); X (void) close(td); X process = 0; X } else { X grandttl += numwrote; X } X break; X case 'C': if (td < 0) { X if ( (td = creat(tapedev, UMASK)) < 0) { X (void) sprintf(errmsg, X "Cannot open tape unit %s", X tapedev); X perror(errmsg); X process = 0; X } X } X (void) close(td); X td = -1; X break; X case 'T': process = 0; /* Remote End-Of-Tape; all done */ X break; X case 'S': if (hdrvalue != (grandttl/BLKSIZE)) { X (void) fprintf(stderr, X "Grand total mismatch: %ld should be %ld\n", X grandttl, ttlread); X } X td = -1; X process = 0; X break; X case 'E': (void) fprintf(stderr, "Remote error detected\n"); X break; X default: (void) fprintf(stderr, "Header error: %c\n", *bptr); X if (td >= 0) { X (void) close(td); X td = -1; X } X process = 0; X } X } X X (void) free(bptr); X} X Xvoid Xusage() X{ X int ndx = 0; X X while ( usage_text[ndx] != 0 ) { X X (void) fprintf( stderr, "%s\n", usage_text[ndx++] ); X } X (void) fprintf( stderr, "%s\n", version + VERSKIP ); X exit(1); X} SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 tprobe.c || echo 'restore of tprobe.c failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'tprobe.c'`" test 11058 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'tprobe.c: original size 11058, current size' "$Wc_c" fi # ============= tprobe.man ============== if test -f 'tprobe.man' -a X"$1" != X"-c"; then echo 'x - skipping tprobe.man (File already exists)' else echo 'x - extracting tprobe.man (Text)' sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'tprobe.man' && X.TH TPROBE L "12-Feb-1992" X.\"@(#)tprobe.man V1.0, 12-Feb-1992, Thad Floryan [ thad@btr.com ] X.SH NAME Xtprobe \- tape saveset analyzer and duplicator X.SH SYNOPSIS Xtprobe [-b X.I n] X.I /dev/NRTD X.LP Xtprobe [-b X.I n] X-r X.I /dev/NRTD0 X| tprobe [-b X.I n] X-w X.I /dev/NRTD1 X.LP X.I [host] Xtprobe [-b X.I n] X-r X.I /dev/NRTD0 X| X.ti +23 X.I [host] Xtprobe [-b X.I n] X-w X.I /dev/NRTD1 X.sp X.ta +0.3i X.in +0.3i X.ti -0.3i X\(bu X.I ``/dev/NRTDn'' Xis typically the "no-rewind-on-close" tape device [See X.I OPERATING NOTES] X.sp X.ti -0.3i X\(bu X.I ``host'' Xis the system-dependent clause signifying remote tape Xoperation [See X.I OPERATING NOTES] X.in -0.3i X.SH DESCRIPTION X.I tprobe Xis a utility which succeeds duplicating boot/install tapes that are not Xeasily copied by other means. One of its features is operation over a Xpipeline utilizing multiple tape drives whereever they exist on a network Xor a system. X.sp X.I tprobe Xcan also (indirectly) perform media conversions, though the Xonly verified conversions have been from QIC-120 and QIC-150 to QIC-24 Xand vice versa; there is no inherent limitation, so other conversions Xare definitely possible. X.sp XAnother feature is that a tape may be processed without disk space being Xusurped for intermediate staging. Thus, a full 150MB tape can be duplicated Xeven if one's system has only, say, 20MB free. X.sp X.I tprobe's Xbasic operation reveals a tape's existing saveset layout and stored capacity, Xand requires only a single tape drive for this analysis. X.sp X.I tprobe Xwas intended to be a one-time-only program, but it is useful in its present Xincarnation and does solve immediate and present problems. XFor X.I tprobe's Xraison d'etre and anecdotes, see the X.I BACKGROUND Xsection. X.SH OPTIONS X.TP 8 X.I -b XSpecifies the buffering size to help maintain streaming operation. The Xdefault is 65536 bytes. A value must be stated in bytes; no abbreviations Xare recognized in this version. The buffer must be the same size at both Xends of the pipe else the "write" process will diagnose the error and abort. X.sp XFor 8mm EXB-8200 drives, 262144 (256KB) appears to be an optimal size. XExperiment! X.TP 8 X.I -r XDesignates "this" process to be the tape reader and head of the pipeline. X.TP 8 X.I -w XDesignates "this" process to be a tape writer and a tail of the pipeline X(see X.IB tee(1)). X.SH OPERATING NOTES XWith no options (other than -b), X.I tprobe Xreads a tape and writes a brief analysis of its findings to stdout. X.sp XThe tape device should be a "no-rewind-on-close" device per the following Xexamples: X.sp X.nf X.RS X/dev/nrst8 SunOS 4.1.1 with a SCSI tape X.br X/dev/rmt4 CTIX or 3B1 with a QIC-02 drive X.RE X.fi X.sp XIn general, a tape should be rewound before use. XSeveral examples of rewinding a tape on some systems are: X.sp X.nf X.RS XSunOS 4.1.1: mt -f /dev/rst8 rewind X.br XCTIX: tsioctl -c rewind /dev/rmt0 X.br X3B1: qrewind # (Thad's QIC-02 program) X.RE X.fi X.sp XThe "[host]" as shown in the X.I SYNOPSIS Xtakes the forms: X.sp X.RS X[rsh | remsh | rcmd] hostname X.RE X.sp Xas appropriate for the system on which the command is issued. XSpecification simply as "hostname" is permitted if /usr/hosts/MAKEHOSTS has Xbeen previously executed and "/usr/hosts" is present in $PATH. X.sp XNote that for remote system operation, the /etc/hosts.equiv and/or Xthe ~/.rhosts authentication file(s) must be previously established. X.I tprobe Xmust exist within the directories specified in all one's $PATH's, especially Xso for remote operation. X.sp XNote that not all systems' and/or applications' install tapes have two Xconsecutive file-marks to designate end-of-tape; X.I tprobe Xwill still correctly duplicate such tapes. X.SH EXAMPLES XTo duplicate a tape mounted on a remote Sun named "faraway" onto the local XSun, assuring that all tapes are rewound before and after the operation: X.sp X.in +0.5i Xrsh faraway mt -f /dev/rst8 rewind X.br Xmt -f /dev/rst8 rewind X.br Xrsh faraway tprobe -r /dev/nrst8 | tprobe -w /dev/nrst8 X.br Xrsh faraway mt -f /dev/rst8 rewind X.br Xmt -f /dev/rst8 rewind X.in -0.5i X.sp XTo duplicate a tape on a local Sun having two tape drives: X.sp X.ti +0.5i Xtprobe -r /dev/nrst8 | tprobe -w /dev/nrst9 X.sp XTo duplicate a tape between two remote Sun systems ("proxy" mode) Xwhere both remote systems have link entries in /usr/hosts: X.sp X.ti +0.5i Xhost1 tprobe -r /dev/nrst8 | host2 tprobe -w /dev/nrst8 X.SH BACKGROUND XIt appears there's confusion surrounding the "difficulty" making [legally Xpermissible] backup copies of one's boot/install tapes to assure continued Xoperation of one's system(s). X.sp XMany people's attempts with X.IB dd(1), X.IB cat(1), Xetc. have failed (even though such Xattempts have worked duplicating, say, "pure" tar- or cpio-written tapes). X.sp XThe reason for the difficulty is due to the varying record sizes typically Xfound on boot/install tapes. In other words, it's difficult to specify an X.I efficient Xleast-common-denominator (LCD) block/record size to X.IB dd(1) Xfor a "raw" duplication [ although an intelligent shell script can get around Xthis, using X.IB dd(1)'s Xstats ]; note programs such as X.IB cat(1) Xtend to assume constantly-fixed record sizes. X.sp XFor the record, the LCD for QIC tapes is 512-bytes, which is the physical Xblocking size. But if you attempt to use that size, your data will be X``Shoe Shined'' into oblivion! :-) X.sp XThree representative samplings of the beginning layout of boot tapes Xanalyzed by X.I tprobe Xfor a Sun, a CTIX, and an AT&T boot/install tape are shown below. X"SS n" is the save-set number (a save-set being the data Xbetween file-marks on a tape). X"blocks" are the 512-byte physical records as written on QIC tapes. XThese examples show X.I tprobe Xoperation from a Sun system console: X.sp X.RS X% # SunOS 4.1.1 Sun-3 SUNBIN, tape 1 of 2 X.br X% # X.br X% tprobe /dev/nrst8 X.br XSS 0: 64 blocks, 32768 bytes X.br XSS 1: 16 blocks, 8192 bytes X.br XSS 2: 1425 blocks, 729600 bytes X.br XSS 3: 3200 blocks, 1638400 bytes X.br XSS 4: 14000 blocks, 7168000 bytes X.br XSS 5: 146 blocks, 74752 bytes X.br XSS 6: 22674 blocks, 11609088 bytes X.br X[...] X.sp X% # CTIX 6.2 MightyFrame RUNTIME/INSTALL X.br X% # X.br X% tprobe /dev/nrst8 X.br XSS 0: 128 blocks, 65536 bytes X.br XSS 1: 768 blocks, 393216 bytes X.br XSS 2: 1888 blocks, 966656 bytes X.br XSS 3: 2176 blocks, 1114112 bytes X.br XSS 4: 320 blocks, 163840 bytes X.br XSS 5: 384 blocks, 196608 bytes X.br XSS 6: 256 blocks, 131072 bytes X.br X[...] X.sp X% # AT&T 3B2 SVR3.2.2 LOAD 19 OS & UTILS X.br X% # X.br X% tprobe /dev/nrst8 X.br XSS 0: 4099 blocks, 2098688 bytes X.br XSS 1: 8610 blocks, 4408320 bytes X.br XSS 2: 3 blocks, 1536 bytes X.br XSS 3: 1422 blocks, 728064 bytes X.br XSS 4: 1422 blocks, 728064 bytes X.br XSS 5: 1422 blocks, 728064 bytes X.br XSS 6: 1422 blocks, 728064 bytes X.br X[...] X.RE X.sp X.I tprobe Xwas conceived when it was realized the SunOS 4.1.1 Sun-3 SUNBIN install tape Xwas to be the last ever from Sun for that architecture and that a backup was Xessential to prevent disaster if the tape should be "bad" when most needed Xto boot into a miniroot. X.sp X.I tprobe's Xmain purpose is to read one tape and write to another over Ethernet since Xsystems typically possess only one tape drive. X.sp X.I tprobe Xduplicates tapes X.I without consuming disk space Xand, as a side benefit, Xindirectly converts tape media between QIC-11/-24/-120/-150/-525 within Xthe storage capability of the output tape. X.sp XThe first test of X.I tprobe Xwas the duplication of a SunOS install tape by reading the original on a 3B1 Xwhile writing the duplicate on a CT MightyFrame, then booting and Xsuninstall'ing from the duplicated tape on a Sun-3/60. X.sp XSystems on which X.I tprobe Xhas been installed and tested include 3B1, CTIX, Sun-3, Sun-4, and an AT&T 3B2. X.SH AUTHOR XThad Floryan X.br Xthad@btr.com (OR) {decwrl,mips,fernwood}!btr!thad X.br X.ne 3 X.SH VERSION XThe present release of X.I tprobe Xis 1.0, dated 12-Feb-1992. X.SH FUTURE DEVELOPMENT X.ta +0.3i X.in +0.3i X.ti -0.3i X\(bu Add double buffering (for speed) along the lines of the X.IB ddd(1) Xprogram posted to comp.sources.unix/Volume15 by Tapani Lindgren, with two Xchild processes alternating pipe I/O with tape I/O. X.sp X.ti -0.3i X\(bu Devise a method of truly copying, say, a full 150MB tape onto Xthree 60MB tapes. Would require more tape "smarts" to detect EOM (end Xof media) and prompting for media change. Not certain of feasibility Xdue to unknown source media's genesis (e.g. tar, cpio, whatever). X.SH CAVEATS X.PP XThis program has functioned satisfactorily for the author, but no guarantees Xor warrantees are given or implied that X.I tprobe Xwill be suitable for your applications; this software is distributed X.I AS IS. X.sp XAny error detection and correction, such as may exist, is limited to that Xavailable with the standard system I/O calls X.IB open(2), X.IB read(2) Xand X.IB write(2). X.sp XBy installing X.I tprobe Xon your system, you assume all risks and liabilities for its use. X.SH BUGS X.PP XInternal counters and statistics are kept as "long" data; Xnewer tape drives whose media capacity exceeds a system's ability to Xretain a tally that large will definitely be troublesome. X.sp X.I tprobe Xassumes the user has specified a tape device as its object; anything else Xas X.I tprobe's Xobject will probably trigger unknown and bizarre side-effects. X.SH SEE ALSO XAll pertinent tape, mt, mtio, tsioctl, etc. commands as appropriate for Xyour system(s) to ascertain the correct tape device syntax and semantics Xfor your drive(s) operated per "no-rewind-on-close." X.sp XThe X.IB copytape(1) Xprogram by David S. Hayes (April 1985/July 1986) is also Xworthy of your consideration. On a system with one tape drive, it Xcreates a specially-formatted intermediate file whose size reflects the Xtape's contents; on a two-tape-drive system it can duplicate a tape in Xone pass. Because of its intermediate file, X.IB copytape(1) Xeasily produces multiple copies after a single read of the master tape. SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 tprobe.man || echo 'restore of tprobe.man failed' Wc_c="`wc -c < 'tprobe.man'`" test 9992 -eq "$Wc_c" || echo 'tprobe.man: original size 9992, current size' "$Wc_c" fi exit 0 -- David H. Brierley Home: dave@galaxia.network23.com; Work: dhb@quahog.ssd.ray.com Send comp.sources.3b1 submissions to comp-sources-3b1@galaxia.network23.com %% Can I be excused, my brain is full. **