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Internet Message Format | 1990-12-28 | 25.8 KB

From: davidsen@crdos1.crd.ge.COM (Wm E Davidsen Jr) Newsgroups: alt.sources Subject: le, a versatile replacement for ls Message-ID: <2187@crdos1.crd.ge.COM> Date: 29 Mar 90 19:37:45 GMT This was rejected for publication in comp.sources.misc for reasons I don't totally inderstand. Anyway it's a file listing program with a number of options to control what characteristics are displayed, and how they are displayed. For example, the date changed, modified, or accessed may be displayed, in human readable format or as yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss so "sort" will put things in order. I like this because the dates don't change format as the file ages, while ls starts including the year after a while. Awk scripts which read the dates get complex quickly. Original by Peter DaSilva many years ago, changes and some documentation by me. #!/bin/sh # shar: Shell Archiver (v1.27) # # Run the following text with /bin/sh to create: # le.doc # le.1 # le.c # echo "x - extracting le.doc (Text)" sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > le.doc && XArticle 2687 (43 more) in net.sources: XFrom: peter@baylor.UUCP (Peter da Silva) XSubject: le.c XMessage-ID: <506@baylor.UUCP> XDate: 21 Aug 85 19:05:15 GMT XDate-Received: 28 Aug 85 08:22:21 GMT XDistribution: net XOrganization: The Power Elite, Houston, TX XLines: 82 X Xle is an extended ls, designed to please all the people who want to get Xweird info on a file. It dumps reliable info in reliable positions, for Xexample it won't stick the major/minor device #s in the file size feild Xof the output. Let me see about the options... X X XWithout any flags it outputs the same info as ls... X X Usage: le [-A|-N] [-diMmlUuGgrsatc] [-Ttab] [-Hh] [-D] [file]... X X -d Toggle 'dev' flag. X -i Toggle 'inode' flag. X -m Toggle 'mode' flag. X -M Toggle 'short mode' (octal mode) flag. X -l Toggle 'links' flag. X -u Toggle 'user' flag. X -U Toggle 'short user' (userid) flag. X -g Toggle 'group' flag. X -G Toggle 'short group' (groupid) flag. X -r Toggle 'rdev' flag. X -s Toggle 'size' flag. X -k Toggle 'ksize' flag. X -a Toggle 'atime' flag. X -t Toggle 'mtime' flag. X -c Toggle 'ctime' flag. X -h Print help and exit. X -H Force output of the header. X -N (None) Clear all flags. X -A (All) Set all flags. X -D Dont list directories (like ls -d). X -Ttab Use the string 'tab' to seperate feilds instead of space. X -f Format dates so they will sort in ascending order X X The flags can be included in any order but having any of X[dimMluUgGrsatc] before [AN] is kind of useless, and having [Hh] Xbefore [dimMluUgGrsatc] can be misleading. You can intersperse Xoptions with files if you want to list different directories Xdifferently. I don't see any reason to do this but I also see no Xgood reason to prevent this (no, I don't use getopt). X XAs an example: here is 'ls -al' compared with 'le' X XNote that feild 7 varies between a time and a year, and that 4 varies Xbetween a size and a device #... while this is more useful for humans Xit's kind of hard on awk... le isn't a replacement for 'ls', just for Xls in shell scripts so you can keep awk and relatives happy. X X% ls -al /dev Xtotal 4 Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 5, 0 Aug 21 13:46 aux1 Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 5, 1 May 20 09:50 aux2 Xcrw--w--w- 1 root 0, 8 Aug 20 13:52 console X... Xcrw-rw-rw- 1 root 1, 23 Aug 18 1982 hsix7 Xcrw------- 1 root 2, 1 Aug 20 13:52 kmem X-rw-rw-r-- 1 root 1635 Jul 11 17:39 lp Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 5, 0 Aug 21 13:46 lp1 Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 5, 1 May 20 09:50 lp2 X... Xcrw--w--w- 1 root 0, 15 Jul 23 15:38 tty7 X% le /dev Xdrwxr-xr-x 2 root 928 11 Jul 85 16:40 /dev/. Xdrwxr-xr-x 11 root 368 20 Aug 85 13:52 /dev/.. Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 0 21 Aug 85 13:46 /dev/aux1 Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 0 20 May 85 9:50 /dev/aux2 Xcrw--w--w- 1 root 0 20 Aug 85 13:52 /dev/console X... Xcrw-rw-rw- 1 root 0 18 Aug 82 11:11 /dev/hsix7 Xcrw------- 1 root 0 20 Aug 85 13:52 /dev/kmem X-rw-rw-r-- 1 root 1635 11 Jul 85 17:39 /dev/lp Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 0 21 Aug 85 13:46 /dev/lp1 Xc-w--w--w- 2 root 0 20 May 85 9:50 /dev/lp2 X... Xcrw--w--w- 1 root 0 23 Jul 85 15:38 /dev/tty7 X XThere is a problem: le expands control characters to '^X', which may cause Xproblems in some cases... le -N is thus not exactly the equivalent of ls -A. XThis code can be easily changed if this proves a problem. Don't ask me why X/dev/lp is a regular file, I didn't create it... :-> Time to go do some sa-type Xstuff. X-- X Peter (Made in Australia) da Silva X UUCP: ...!shell!neuro1!{hyd-ptd,baylor,datafac}!peter X MCI: PDASILVA; CIS: 70216,1076 X________________________________________________________________ X XNotes from bill davidsen: X XThe original version had one flag which toggled having the headers on Xand print the header after the options were evaluated, and another which Xforced the header out when parsed, sometimes before other options Xmodified the display format. Now -H prints the headers after all options Xare evaluated. X XI wanted to be able to sort the information on time modified, accessed, Xetc, so I added the -f option to output the date in yyyy-mm-dd format, Xsuch as 1988-12-08, so that 'sort' will correctly sort the output, and Xmy little database program will find things by date. X XI added -h as help, because I can't remember the more obscure options of Xthe program, I frequently don't have a manual handy, and at the time I Xadded help there was no man page and I may not find time to write one. SHAR_EOF chmod 0644 le.doc || echo "restore of le.doc fails" echo "x - extracting le.1 (Text)" sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > le.1 && X'\" @(#)skeleton 3.3 - 12/21/83 X'\" [c][e][t] (only if preprocessing by cw, eqn, and/or tbl required) X.TH LE 1 local X'\" Heading: name(sect) center (paren) name(sect) X.SH NAME Xle - display directory infomation with format control X.SH SYNOPSIS Xle [-A|-N] [-diMmlUuGgrsatc] [-Ttab] [-Hh] [-D] [file]... X.SH DESCRIPTION X.B le XGives much the same information as 'ls' but does so with full user Xcontrol. ls makes format changes, such as having the year in the date Xsometimes, or putting the major and minor device numbers in place of Xfile size. These are excelent choices for humans, but they confuse X\fIsed\fR and \fIawk\fR. X\fBle\fR allows the user full control of the output contents, including Xheaders. All fields have the same format and width for all items. X.SS Options XOptions are parsed left to right, which allows options which affect the Xentire format to be modified by specifying exceptions, rather than by Xlisting all of the defaults individually. X.ne 10 X.SS "Options affecting more than one field X.TS Xtab(@); Xlbw(.5i) l. X-A@T{ XDisplay \fIall\fR information on this file. This will produce a report Xwider than 80 columns. XT} X X-N@T{ XDisplay only the filename. Additional information may be added by use of Xfollowing options. XT} X X-h@Generate a help listing of options X X-f@T{ XChange date format for sorting. The default format for dates is X.tr ~ Xdd~mmm~yy, for human readability. The \fB-f\fR changes this to Xyyyy-mm-dd, which allows sorting by \fIsort\fR or other programs using Xan alphabetic or numeric sort. XT} X X-D@T{ XDon't expand directories. Information is printed about the directory, Xrather than the contents of it. XT} X X-Tx@Separate fields by \fIx\fR instead of blanks. X X-H@Output a header describing the contents of each field. X.TE X.sp X.ne 10 X.SS "Options which toggle the display of selected information X.TS Xtab(@); Xlbw(.5i) l. X-m@T{ Xcontrols the display of mode information in alphabetic format, such as X"drwx--x--x" which is produced by "ls~-l". XT} X X-M@T{ Xcontrols the display of "short mode" information, shown as an octal Xvalue such as is given by listing the contents of a \fItar\fR or X\fIcpio\fR dump on most systems. XT} X X-l@controls the display of the number of links to the inode. X X-i@controls display of the inode number. X X-d@T{ Xcontrols display of the inode device. This is the major and minor device Xnumbers for the device on which the inode is stored. XT} X X-r@T{ Xcontrols the display of the major and minor device numbers of cataloged Xdevices. This will be the same information displayed in place of the Xsize by "ls~-l". XT} X X-u@controls display of the UID by name. X X-U@controls the display of the UID by number. X X-g@controls the display of the GID by name. X X-G@controls the display of the GID by number. X X-s@controls display of the filesize in bytes. X X-k@controls display of the filesize in k. X X-a@controls display of the date last accessed. X X-c@controls display of the date the inode was last modified. X X-t@controls display of the date the file was last modofied. X.TE X.ne 15 X.SH EXAMPLES X.nf X.in +.5i X\" change to constant width font or use .cs X.ft CW X$ le -Hr X Rdev Long mode Lnx User Size Modify time File name X 2,224 drwxr-xr-x 3 bin 2688 9 Nov 88 14:52 /dev/. X 2,232 drwxr-xr-x 17 bin 496 29 Nov 88 8:36 /dev/.. X103, 73 drwxrwxrwx 2 root 592 10 Sep 87 14:49 /dev/EXOS X 8, 0 crw-r--r-- 1 root 0 5 Dec 88 18:18 /dev/clock X 7, 0 crw-r--r-- 1 sysinfo 0 30 May 86 17:52 /dev/cmos X 0, 0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root 0 8 Dec 88 9:45 /dev/console X 1, 47 brw------- 1 sysinfo 0 4 Mar 88 18:51 /dev/d1057all X 1,119 brw-r--r-- 1 root 0 30 May 86 19:12 /dev/dh1d X.ft R X.in -.5i X.fi X.SH WARNINGS XThere may be special device types which \fBle\fR will not handle. In Xthis case the device type will be shown as a "?" in the mode. X.SH FILES X.SH SEE ALSO Xls. X.SH DIAGNOSTICS XVery large directories may produce a diagnostic as internal table Xoverflow. X.SH LIMITATIONS X.SH AUTHOR XPeter da Silva (peter@baylor.uucp), changes and man page by Bill XDavidsen (davidsen@crdos1.uucp). SHAR_EOF chmod 0666 le.1 || echo "restore of le.1 fails" echo "x - extracting le.c (Text)" sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > le.c && X/* LE.C - enhanced version of ls X X From net.sources 28 Aug 1985, by Peter da Silva (peter@baylor.uucp). X X Modifications by bill davidsen (davidsen@crdos1.uucp) 3/28/90. X*/ X Xstatic char *SCCSid = "@(#)le.c v1.8 - 3/29/90"; X X#include <stdio.h> X#include <sys/types.h> X#include <sys/stat.h> X#include <sys/dir.h> X#include <pwd.h> X#include <grp.h> X#include <time.h> X#ifdef M_XENIX X#include <sys/sysmacros.h> X#endif X X#define D_DEV 01 X#define D_INO 02 X#define D_MODE 04 X#define D_LINKS 010 X#define D_UID 020 X#define D_GID 040 X#define D_RDEV 0100 X#define D_SIZE 0200 X#define D_ATIME 0400 X#define D_MTIME 01000 X#define D_CTIME 02000 X X#define D_SMODE 04000 X#define D_SUID 010000 X#define D_SGID 020000 X#define D_KSIZE 040000 X X#define FALSE 0 X#define TRUE 1 X X#define MAXENTS 512 X#define MAXID 64 X Xstruct entry { X struct direct e_dir; X char filler; X struct stat e_stat; X} entries[MAXENTS]; Xint nentries; X Xchar *errname; Xextern int errno; Xint xerrno; Xchar *tab=" "; Xlong maxsize; Xchar sizstr[2][10] = {"%6lu%s","%6s%s"}; Xint dohead=0, dodir=1; Xint flags = D_MODE|D_LINKS|D_UID|D_SIZE|D_MTIME; Xint datefmt = 0; X Xchar *emesg[3]={ X "No such error", X#define TOO_MANY 1 X "Too many directory entries", X 0 X}; X Xgetdir(dir) Xchar *dir; X{ X int entcmp(); X char *nameof(); X FILE *fp; X int valid; X X if(!(fp = fopen(dir, "r"))) { X errname=dir; X return FALSE; X } X X maxsize=0L; X for(nentries=0; X nentries<MAXENTS && X fread((char *)&entries[nentries].e_dir, X sizeof entries[nentries].e_dir, 1, fp)>0; X nentries += valid) { X if(valid=entries[nentries].e_dir.d_ino?1:0) { X entries[nentries].filler=0; X if(stat(nameof(entries[nentries].e_dir.d_name, dir), X &entries[nentries].e_stat X )==-1 X ) { X fclose(fp); X errname=nameof(entries[nentries].e_dir.d_name, X dir); X return FALSE; X } X if(entries[nentries].e_stat.st_size>maxsize) X maxsize=entries[nentries].e_stat.st_size; X } X } X X if(nentries>=MAXENTS) { X errno=0; X xerrno=TOO_MANY; X errname=dir; X return FALSE; X } X X fclose(fp); X X qsort(entries, nentries, sizeof(struct entry), entcmp); X X setsize(maxsize); X X return TRUE; X} X Xsetsize(size) Xlong size; X{ X char tmp[32]; X int siz; X sprintf(tmp, "%lu", size); X siz=strlen(tmp); X if(siz<6) siz=6; X sprintf(sizstr[0], "%%%dlu%%s", siz); X sprintf(sizstr[1], "%%%ds%%s", siz); X if(dohead) { X header(); X dohead=0; X } X} X Xchar * Xnameof(name, dir) Xchar *name, *dir; X{ X char nambuf[BUFSIZ]; X X if(!dir[0]) X return name; X if(dir[0]=='.' && !dir[1]) X return name; X else if(dir[0]=='/' && !dir[1]) { X sprintf(nambuf, "/%s", name); X return nambuf; X } else { X sprintf(nambuf, "%s/%s", dir, name); X return nambuf; X } X} X Xpname(name) Xchar *name; X{ X int len = 0; X X for(;*name; name++) X if(*name<' ') { printf("^%c", *name+'@'); len+=2; } X else if(*name=='\177') { printf("^?"); len+=2; } X else if(*name>'\177') { printf("\\%03o", *name); len += 4; } X else { putchar(*name); len++; } X return len; X} X Xentcmp(e1, e2) Xstruct entry *e1, *e2; X{ X return strcmp(e1->e_dir.d_name, e2->e_dir.d_name); X} X Xfdump(dir) Xchar *dir; X{ X struct stat sbuf; X X if(stat(dir, &sbuf)==-1) { X errname=dir; X return FALSE; X } else X if(dodir && (sbuf.st_mode&S_IFMT)==S_IFDIR) { X if(getdir(dir)) X return dump(dir); X else X return FALSE; X } else { X setsize(sbuf.st_size); X statout(dir, &sbuf, "."); X return TRUE; X } X} X Xdump(dir) Xchar *dir; X{ X int i, j; X int chars; X X if(flags==0) { X for(i=0; i<=nentries/5; i++) { X chars = 0; X for(j=0; j<5; j++) { X if(i+j*nentries/5<nentries) X chars += X pname(entries[i+j*nentries/5].e_dir.d_name); X if(chars<8) { putchar('\t'); chars=8; } X if(chars<16) { putchar('\t'); chars=16; } X else { putchar(' '); chars++; } X chars %= 16; X } X putchar('\n'); X } X } X else for(i=0; i<nentries; i++) X statout(entries[i].e_dir.d_name, X &entries[i].e_stat, dir); X return TRUE; X} X Xstatout(name, sbuf, dir) Xchar *name; Xstruct stat *sbuf; Xchar *dir; X{ X char *u_name(), *g_name(); X X if(flags&D_DEV) X printf("%3d,%3d%s", X major(sbuf->st_dev), X minor(sbuf->st_dev), X tab); X if(flags&D_RDEV) X printf("%3d,%3d%s", X major(sbuf->st_rdev), X minor(sbuf->st_rdev), X tab); X if(flags&D_INO) X printf("%5u%s", sbuf->st_ino, tab); X if(flags&D_SMODE) X printf("%6o%s", sbuf->st_mode, tab); X if(flags&D_MODE) { X int mode = sbuf->st_mode; X if((mode&S_IFMT)==S_IFCHR) putchar('c'); X else if((mode&S_IFMT)==S_IFBLK) putchar('b'); X else if((mode&S_IFMT)==S_IFDIR) putchar('d'); X else if((mode&S_IFMT)==S_IFREG) putchar('-'); X else if((mode&S_IFMT)==S_IFIFO) putchar('p'); X else putchar('?'); X triad((mode>>6)&7, mode&S_ISUID, 's'); X triad((mode>>3)&7, mode&S_ISGID, 's'); X triad(mode&7, mode&S_ISVTX, 't'); X printf("%s", tab); X } X if(flags&D_LINKS) X printf("%3u%s", sbuf->st_nlink, tab); X if(flags&D_SUID) X printf("%3d%s", sbuf->st_uid, tab); X if(flags&D_UID) X printf("%-8s%s", u_name(sbuf->st_uid), tab); X if(flags&D_SGID) X printf("%3d%s", sbuf->st_gid, tab); X if(flags&D_GID) X printf("%-8s%s", g_name(sbuf->st_gid), tab); X if(flags&D_SIZE) X printf(sizstr[0], sbuf->st_size, tab); X if(flags&D_KSIZE) X printf("%6dk%s", (int)(sbuf->st_size)/1024, tab); X if((flags&~(D_ATIME|D_MTIME|D_CTIME)) && X (flags&(D_ATIME|D_MTIME|D_CTIME))) putchar(' '); X if(flags&D_ATIME) X printime(&sbuf->st_atime); X if(flags&D_MTIME) X printime(&sbuf->st_mtime); X if(flags&D_CTIME) X printime(&sbuf->st_ctime); X pname(nameof(name, dir)); X putchar('\n'); X} X Xstruct idtab { X int id_id; X char id_name[10]; X} u_list[MAXID], g_list[MAXID]; Xint u_ptr=0, g_ptr=0; X Xchar * Xu_name(uid) Xint uid; X{ X int i; X struct passwd *pwptr, *getpwuid(); X X for(i=0; i<u_ptr; i++) X if(u_list[i].id_id==uid) X return u_list[i].id_name; X X u_list[u_ptr].id_id=uid; X X if(pwptr=getpwuid(uid)) { X for(i=0; pwptr->pw_name[i]>' '; i++) X u_list[u_ptr].id_name[i]=pwptr->pw_name[i]; X u_list[u_ptr].id_name[i]=0; X } else X sprintf(u_list[u_ptr].id_name, "%d", uid); X X return u_list[u_ptr++].id_name; X} X Xchar * Xg_name(gid) Xint gid; X{ X int i; X struct group *grptr, *getgrgid(); X X for(i=0; i<g_ptr; i++) X if(g_list[i].id_id==gid) X return g_list[i].id_name; X X g_list[g_ptr].id_id=gid; X X if(grptr=getgrgid(gid)) { X for(i=0; grptr->gr_name[i]>' '; i++) X g_list[g_ptr].id_name[i]=grptr->gr_name[i]; X g_list[g_ptr].id_name[i]=0; X } else X sprintf(g_list[g_ptr].id_name, "%d", gid); X X return g_list[g_ptr++].id_name; X} X Xprintime(clock) Xlong *clock; X{ X struct tm *tmbuf, *localtime(); X static char *months[12]= { X "Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun", X "Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec" X }; X X tmbuf=localtime(clock); X if (datefmt) { X printf("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d %s", X tmbuf->tm_year+1900, X tmbuf->tm_mon+1, X tmbuf->tm_mday, X tmbuf->tm_hour, X tmbuf->tm_min, X tab); X } X else { X printf("%2d %3s %02d %2d:%02d %s", X tmbuf->tm_mday, X months[tmbuf->tm_mon], X tmbuf->tm_year, X tmbuf->tm_hour, X tmbuf->tm_min, X tab); X } X} X Xheader() X{ X if(flags&D_DEV) X printf("%7s%s", "IDev", tab); X if(flags&D_RDEV) X printf("%7s%s", "Rdev", tab); X if(flags&D_INO) X printf("%5s%s", "Inode", tab); X if(flags&D_SMODE) X printf("%6s%s", "Mode", tab); X if(flags&D_MODE) X printf("%-10s%s", "Long mode", tab); X if(flags&D_LINKS) X printf("%3s%s", "Lnx", tab); X if(flags&D_SUID) X printf("%3s%s", "UID", tab); X if(flags&D_UID) X printf("%-8s%s", "User", tab); X if(flags&D_SGID) X printf("%3s%s", "GID", tab); X if(flags&D_GID) X printf("%-8s%s", "Group", tab); X if(flags&D_SIZE) X printf(sizstr[1], "Size", tab); X if(flags&D_KSIZE) X printf(" Size %s", tab); X if((flags&~(D_ATIME|D_MTIME|D_CTIME)) && X (flags&(D_ATIME|D_MTIME|D_CTIME))) putchar(' '); X if(flags&D_ATIME) X printf("%-*s%s", datefmt+16, "Access time", tab); X if(flags&D_MTIME) X printf("%-*s%s", datefmt+16, "Modify time", tab); X if(flags&D_CTIME) X printf("%-*s%s", datefmt+16, "Inode time", tab); X if(flags) X printf("%s\n", "File name"); X} X Xtriad(bits, special, code) Xint bits, special; Xchar code; X{ X if(bits&4) putchar('r'); X else putchar('-'); X X if(bits&2) putchar('w'); X else putchar('-'); X X if(special) putchar(code); X else if(bits&1) putchar('x'); X else putchar('-'); X} X Xmain(ac, av) Xint ac; Xchar **av; X{ X int i, j; X int exit_status = 0; X int filed=0; X X for(i=1; i<ac; i++) { X if(av[i][0]=='-') X for(j=1; av[i][j]; j++) X switch(av[i][j]) { X case 'T': X if(av[i][j+1]) X tab = &av[i][++j]; X else X tab = &av[++i][j=0]; X while(av[i][j]) j++; X j--; X break; X case 'N': flags = 0; break; X case 'A': flags = -1; break; X case 'D': dodir=!dodir; break; X case 'd': flags ^= D_DEV; break; X case 'i': flags ^= D_INO; break; X case 'm': flags ^= D_MODE; break; X case 'M': flags ^= D_SMODE; break; X case 'l': flags ^= D_LINKS; break; X case 'u': flags ^= D_UID; break; X case 'U': flags ^= D_SUID; break; X case 'g': flags ^= D_GID; break; X case 'G': flags ^= D_SGID; break; X case 'r': flags ^= D_RDEV; break; X case 's': flags ^= D_SIZE; break; X case 'k': flags ^= D_KSIZE; break; X case 'a': flags ^= D_ATIME; break; X case 't': flags ^= D_MTIME; break; X case 'c': flags ^= D_CTIME; break; X case 'f': datefmt = 1; break; X case 'H': dohead = 1; break; X default: printf("unknown option %c\n", av[i][j]); X case 'h': helpuser(); exit(0); X } X else { X filed=1; X if(!fdump(av[i])) { X fperror(av[0], errname); X exit_status=errno?errno:(-xerrno); X } X } X } X if(!filed) X if(!fdump(".")) { X fperror(av[0], errname); X exit_status=errno; X } X X if(dohead) header(); X exit(exit_status); X} X Xfperror(prog, file) Xchar *prog, *file; X{ X fprintf(stderr, "%s -- ", prog); X if(errno) X perror(file); X else X fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", file, emesg[xerrno]); X} X Xhelpuser() { X int n; X X static char *helpit[] = { X "", X "Usage: le [-A|-N] [-diMmlUuGgrsatc] [-Ttab] [-Hh] [-D] [file]...", X "", X "-d Toggle 'dev' flag. -r Toggle 'rdev' flag.", X "-i Toggle 'inode' flag. -s Toggle 'size' flag.", X "-m Toggle 'mode' flag. -k Toggle 'ksize' flag.", X "-M Toggle 'short mode' flag. -a Toggle 'atime' flag.", X "-l Toggle 'links' flag. -t Toggle 'mtime' flag.", X "-u Toggle 'user' flag. -c Toggle 'ctime' flag.", X "-U Toggle 'short user' flag. -f format dates yyyy-mm-dd", X "-g Toggle 'group' flag. to facilitate sorting", X "-G Toggle 'short group' flag.", X "", X "-H Force output of the header.", X "-N (None) Clear all flags.", X "-A (All) Set all flags.", X "-D Dont list directories (like ls -d).", X "-Ttab Use the string 'tab' to seperate fields instead of space.", X "", X "Options are evaluated *left to right!*", X NULL X }; X X for (n=0; helpit[n] != NULL; n++) X printf("\t%s\n", helpit[n]); X} SHAR_EOF chmod 0444 le.c || echo "restore of le.c fails" exit 0 -- bill davidsen (davidsen@crdos1.crd.GE.COM -or- uunet!crdgw1!crdos1!davidsen) "Stupidity, like virtue, is its own reward" -me