home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
/ Source Code 1992 March / Source_Code_CD-ROM_Walnut_Creek_March_1992.iso / unix_c / usenet / news2_11.tar < prev    next >
Tape Archive  |  1988-07-06  |  2.1 MB

open in: MacOS 8.1     |     Win98     |     DOS

view JSON data     |     view as text

This file was processed as: Tape Archive (archive/tar).

You can browse this item here: news2_11.tar

ConfidenceProgramDetectionMatch TypeSupport
100% dexvert Tape Archive (archive/tar) magic Supported
100% file tar archive default
99% file tar archive (V7), file Makefile, mode 444 , uid 44112 , gid 0 , size 1131 , seconds 4246133261 default
98% file data default
100% siegfried x-fmt/265 Tape Archive Format default
100% lsar Tar default
100% gt2 TAR Archiv gefunden (Auflistung ist deaktiviert) default
100% disktype Pre-POSIX tar archive default



hex view
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| 4d 61 6b 65 66 69 6c 65 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |Makefile|........|
|00000010| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000020| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000030| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000040| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000050| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000060| 00 00 00 00 20 20 20 34 | 34 34 20 00 20 34 34 31 |.... 4|44 . 441|
|00000070| 31 32 20 00 20 20 20 20 | 20 30 20 00 20 20 20 20 |12 . | 0 . |
|00000080| 20 20 20 31 31 33 31 20 | 20 34 32 34 36 31 33 33 | 1131 | 4246133|
|00000090| 32 36 31 20 20 20 35 35 | 35 34 00 20 00 00 00 00 |261 55|54. ....|
|000000a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000000b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000000c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000000d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000000e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000000f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000100| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000110| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000120| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000130| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000140| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000150| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000160| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000170| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000180| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000190| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000200| 23 0a 23 20 54 6f 70 20 | 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 4d 61 |#.# Top |level Ma|
|00000210| 6b 65 66 69 6c 65 20 66 | 6f 72 20 6e 65 77 73 20 |kefile f|or news |
|00000220| 32 2e 31 31 20 61 74 20 | 50 55 43 43 0a 23 0a 23 |2.11 at |PUCC.#.#|
|00000230| 20 52 69 63 68 20 4b 75 | 6c 61 77 69 65 63 2c 20 | Rich Ku|lawiec, |
|00000240| 50 55 43 43 0a 23 0a 0a | 53 55 42 44 49 52 3d 20 |PUCC.#..|SUBDIR= |
|00000250| 73 72 63 20 72 6e 20 6e | 6e 74 70 0a 0a 4c 4f 4f |src rn n|ntp..LOO|
|00000260| 50 3d 09 66 6f 72 20 69 | 20 69 6e 20 24 7b 53 55 |P=.for i| in ${SU|
|00000270| 42 44 49 52 7d 3b 20 64 | 6f 5c 0a 09 09 65 63 68 |BDIR}; d|o\...ech|
|00000280| 6f 20 24 24 69 3a 3b 5c | 0a 09 09 63 64 20 24 24 |o $$i:;\|...cd $$|
|00000290| 69 3b 5c 0a 09 09 5b 20 | 2d 66 20 4d 61 6b 65 66 |i;\...[ |-f Makef|
|000002a0| 69 6c 65 20 5d 20 7c 7c | 20 63 6f 20 4d 61 6b 65 |ile ] ||| co Make|
|000002b0| 66 69 6c 65 3b 5c 0a 09 | 09 6d 61 6b 65 20 24 7b |file;\..|.make ${|
|000002c0| 4d 46 4c 41 47 53 7d 20 | 24 40 3b 5c 0a 09 09 63 |MFLAGS} |$@;\...c|
|000002d0| 64 20 2e 2e 3b 5c 0a 09 | 64 6f 6e 65 0a 0a 61 6c |d ..;\..|done..al|
|000002e0| 6c 3a 09 46 52 43 0a 09 | 24 7b 4c 4f 4f 50 7d 0a |l:.FRC..|${LOOP}.|
|000002f0| 0a 6e 65 77 73 3a 09 73 | 72 63 2f 4d 61 6b 65 66 |.news:.s|rc/Makef|
|00000300| 69 6c 65 0a 09 63 64 20 | 73 72 63 3b 20 6d 61 6b |ile..cd |src; mak|
|00000310| 65 20 24 7b 4d 46 4c 41 | 47 53 7d 0a 0a 6e 6e 74 |e ${MFLA|GS}..nnt|
|00000320| 70 3a 09 6e 6e 74 70 2f | 4d 61 6b 65 66 69 6c 65 |p:.nntp/|Makefile|
|00000330| 0a 09 63 64 20 6e 6e 74 | 70 3b 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 |..cd nnt|p; make |
|00000340| 24 7b 4d 46 4c 41 47 53 | 7d 0a 0a 72 6e 3a 09 72 |${MFLAGS|}..rn:.r|
|00000350| 6e 2f 4d 61 6b 65 66 69 | 6c 65 0a 09 63 64 20 72 |n/Makefi|le..cd r|
|00000360| 6e 3b 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 | 24 7b 4d 46 4c 41 47 53 |n; make |${MFLAGS|
|00000370| 7d 0a 0a 63 6c 65 61 6e | 3a 20 46 52 43 0a 09 72 |}..clean|: FRC..r|
|00000380| 6d 20 2d 66 20 65 72 72 | 73 20 63 6f 72 65 0a 09 |m -f err|s core..|
|00000390| 24 7b 4c 4f 4f 50 7d 0a | 0a 64 65 70 65 6e 64 3a |${LOOP}.|.depend:|
|000003a0| 20 46 52 43 0a 09 24 7b | 4c 4f 4f 50 7d 0a 0a 69 | FRC..${|LOOP}..i|
|000003b0| 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 3a 20 | 46 52 43 0a 09 24 7b 4c |nstall: |FRC..${L|
|000003c0| 4f 4f 50 7d 0a 0a 6c 69 | 6e 74 3a 20 46 52 43 0a |OOP}..li|nt: FRC.|
|000003d0| 09 40 65 63 68 6f 20 22 | 54 6f 6f 20 6d 75 63 68 |.@echo "|Too much|
|000003e0| 20 43 50 55 20 75 73 61 | 67 65 22 0a 0a 70 72 69 | CPU usa|ge"..pri|
|000003f0| 6e 74 3a 20 46 52 43 0a | 09 40 65 63 68 6f 20 22 |nt: FRC.|.@echo "|
|00000400| 59 6f 75 20 6d 75 73 74 | 20 62 65 20 6b 69 64 64 |You must| be kidd|
|00000410| 69 6e 67 2e 20 54 6f 6f | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6f 75 |ing. Too| much ou|
|00000420| 74 70 75 74 2e 22 0a 0a | 73 70 6f 74 6c 65 73 73 |tput."..|spotless|
|00000430| 3a 20 46 52 43 0a 09 24 | 7b 4c 4f 4f 50 7d 0a 0a |: FRC..$|{LOOP}..|
|00000440| 74 61 67 73 3a 20 46 52 | 43 0a 09 24 7b 4c 4f 4f |tags: FR|C..${LOO|
|00000450| 50 7d 0a 0a 46 52 43 3a | 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |P}..FRC:|........|
|00000460| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000470| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000480| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000490| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000500| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000510| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000520| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000530| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000540| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000550| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000560| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000570| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000580| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000590| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000005a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000005b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000005c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000005d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000005e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000005f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000600| 63 76 74 2f 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |cvt/....|........|
|00000610| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000620| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000630| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000640| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000650| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000660| 00 00 00 00 20 20 20 37 | 35 35 20 00 20 34 34 31 |.... 7|55 . 441|
|00000670| 31 32 20 00 20 20 20 20 | 20 30 20 00 20 20 20 20 |12 . | 0 . |
|00000680| 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 20 | 20 34 32 36 34 34 31 32 | 0 | 4264412|
|00000690| 31 33 36 20 20 20 34 36 | 33 32 00 20 00 00 00 00 |136 46|32. ....|
|000006a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000700| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000710| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000720| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000730| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000740| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000750| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000760| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000770| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000780| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000790| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000800| 64 6f 63 2f 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |doc/....|........|
|00000810| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000820| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000830| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000840| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000850| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000860| 00 00 00 00 20 20 20 37 | 35 35 20 00 20 34 34 31 |.... 7|55 . 441|
|00000870| 31 32 20 00 20 20 20 20 | 20 30 20 00 20 20 20 20 |12 . | 0 . |
|00000880| 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 20 | 20 34 32 36 34 34 31 32 | 0 | 4264412|
|00000890| 31 34 32 20 20 20 34 36 | 30 30 00 20 00 00 00 00 |142 46|00. ....|
|000008a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000900| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000910| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000920| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000930| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000940| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000950| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000960| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000970| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000980| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000990| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009f0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a00| 64 6f 63 2f 4d 61 6b 65 | 66 69 6c 65 00 00 00 00 |doc/Make|file....|
|00000a10| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a30| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a50| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a60| 00 00 00 00 20 20 20 34 | 34 34 20 00 20 34 34 31 |.... 4|44 . 441|
|00000a70| 31 32 20 00 20 20 20 20 | 20 30 20 00 20 20 20 20 |12 . | 0 . |
|00000a80| 20 20 20 20 35 35 32 20 | 20 34 32 34 30 31 33 37 | 552 | 4240137|
|00000a90| 37 30 31 20 20 20 36 33 | 30 34 00 20 00 00 00 00 |701 63|04. ....|
|00000aa0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ab0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ac0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ad0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ae0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000af0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b10| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b30| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b50| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b70| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b90| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ba0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000bb0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000bc0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000bd0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000be0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000bf0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000c00| 23 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 76 61 72 69 6f |# make t|he vario|
|00000c10| 75 73 20 64 6f 63 75 6d | 65 6e 74 73 0a 0a 52 4f |us docum|ents..RO|
|00000c20| 46 46 3d 6e 72 6f 66 66 | 0a 0a 61 6c 6c 3a 20 68 |FF=nroff|..all: h|
|00000c30| 6f 77 74 6f 20 6d 61 6e | 6e 65 72 20 73 74 61 6e |owto man|ner stan|
|00000c40| 64 61 72 64 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 69 |dard cop|yright i|
|00000c50| 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 0a 0a | 69 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 3a |nstall..|install:|
|00000c60| 20 69 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c | 2e 6d 6e 20 74 6d 61 63 | install|.mn tmac|
|00000c70| 2e 6e 0a 09 24 28 52 4f | 46 46 29 20 74 6d 61 63 |.n..$(RO|FF) tmac|
|00000c80| 2e 6e 20 69 6e 73 74 61 | 6c 6c 2e 6d 6e 0a 0a 68 |.n insta|ll.mn..h|
|00000c90| 6f 77 74 6f 3a 20 68 6f | 77 74 6f 2e 6d 6e 20 74 |owto: ho|wto.mn t|
|00000ca0| 6d 61 63 2e 6e 0a 09 24 | 28 52 4f 46 46 29 20 74 |mac.n..$|(ROFF) t|
|00000cb0| 6d 61 63 2e 6e 20 68 6f | 77 74 6f 2e 6d 6e 0a 0a |mac.n ho|wto.mn..|
|00000cc0| 6d 61 6e 6e 65 72 3a 20 | 6d 61 6e 6e 65 72 2e 6d |manner: |manner.m|
|00000cd0| 6e 20 74 6d 61 63 2e 6e | 0a 09 24 28 52 4f 46 46 |n tmac.n|..$(ROFF|
|00000ce0| 29 20 74 6d 61 63 2e 6e | 20 6d 61 6e 6e 65 72 2e |) tmac.n| manner.|
|00000cf0| 6d 6e 0a 0a 73 74 61 6e | 64 61 72 64 3a 20 73 74 |mn..stan|dard: st|
|00000d00| 61 6e 64 61 72 64 2e 6d | 6e 20 74 6d 61 63 2e 6e |andard.m|n tmac.n|
|00000d10| 0a 09 24 28 52 4f 46 46 | 29 20 74 6d 61 63 2e 6e |..$(ROFF|) tmac.n|
|00000d20| 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 | 64 2e 6d 6e 0a 0a 63 6f | standar|d.mn..co|
|00000d30| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 3a | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |pyright:| copyrig|
|00000d40| 68 74 2e 6d 6e 20 74 6d | 61 63 2e 6e 0a 09 24 28 |ht.mn tm|ac.n..$(|
|00000d50| 52 4f 46 46 29 20 74 6d | 61 63 2e 6e 20 63 6f 70 |ROFF) tm|ac.n cop|
|00000d60| 79 72 69 67 68 74 2e 6d | 6e 0a 4d 46 4c 41 47 53 |yright.m|n.MFLAGS|
|00000d70| 7d 0a 0a 63 6c 65 61 6e | 3a 20 46 52 43 0a 09 72 |}..clean|: FRC..r|
|00000d80| 6d 20 2d 66 20 65 72 72 | 73 20 63 6f 72 65 0a 09 |m -f err|s core..|
|00000d90| 24 7b 4c 4f 4f 50 7d 0a | 0a 64 65 70 65 6e 64 3a |${LOOP}.|.depend:|
|00000da0| 20 46 52 43 0a 09 24 7b | 4c 4f 4f 50 7d 0a 0a 69 | FRC..${|LOOP}..i|
|00000db0| 6e 73 74 61 6c 6c 3a 20 | 46 52 43 0a 09 24 7b 4c |nstall: |FRC..${L|
|00000dc0| 4f 4f 50 7d 0a 0a 6c 69 | 6e 74 3a 20 46 52 43 0a |OOP}..li|nt: FRC.|
|00000dd0| 09 40 65 63 68 6f 20 22 | 54 6f 6f 20 6d 75 63 68 |.@echo "|Too much|
|00000de0| 20 43 50 55 20 75 73 61 | 67 65 22 0a 0a 70 72 69 | CPU usa|ge"..pri|
|00000df0| 6e 74 3a 20 46 52 43 0a | 09 40 65 63 68 6f 20 22 |nt: FRC.|.@echo "|
|00000e00| 64 6f 63 2f 63 6f 70 79 | 72 69 67 68 74 2e 6d 6e |doc/copy|right.mn|
|00000e10| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e30| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e50| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e60| 00 00 00 00 20 20 20 34 | 34 34 20 00 20 34 34 31 |.... 4|44 . 441|
|00000e70| 31 32 20 00 20 20 20 20 | 20 30 20 00 20 20 20 20 |12 . | 0 . |
|00000e80| 20 20 35 35 35 35 35 20 | 20 34 32 34 30 31 33 37 | 55555 | 4240137|
|00000e90| 37 30 33 20 20 20 37 32 | 36 37 00 20 00 00 00 00 |703 72|67. ....|
|00000ea0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000eb0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ec0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ed0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ee0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ef0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f10| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f30| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f50| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f70| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f90| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000fa0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000fb0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000fc0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000fd0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000fe0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ff0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00001000| 2e 64 73 20 2e 66 20 63 | 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 |.ds .f c|opyright|
|00001010| 2e 6d 6e 0a 2e 64 73 20 | 68 30 20 22 43 6f 70 79 |.mn..ds |h0 "Copy|
|00001020| 72 69 67 68 74 20 4c 61 | 77 0a 2e 64 73 20 68 31 |right La|w..ds h1|
|00001030| 0a 2e 64 73 20 68 32 20 | 25 0a 2e 64 73 20 66 30 |..ds h2 |%..ds f0|
|00001040| 20 22 5c 2a 28 76 72 0a | 2e 64 73 20 66 31 0a 2e | "\*(vr.|.ds f1..|
|00001050| 64 73 20 66 32 20 22 46 | 65 62 72 75 61 72 79 20 |ds f2 "F|ebruary |
|00001060| 32 36 2c 20 31 39 38 36 | 0a 2e 6d 74 0a 43 6f 70 |26, 1986|..mt.Cop|
|00001070| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 4c | 61 77 0a 2e 61 75 0a 4a |yright L|aw..au.J|
|00001080| 6f 72 64 61 6e 20 4a 2e | 20 42 72 65 73 6c 6f 77 |ordan J.| Breslow|
|00001090| 0a 2e 61 69 0a 31 32 32 | 35 20 41 6c 70 69 6e 65 |..ai.122|5 Alpine|
|000010a0| 20 52 6f 61 64 2c 20 53 | 75 69 74 65 20 32 30 30 | Road, S|uite 200|
|000010b0| 0a 57 61 6c 6e 75 74 20 | 43 72 65 65 6b 2c 20 43 |.Walnut |Creek, C|
|000010c0| 41 20 39 34 35 39 36 0a | 2b 31 20 34 31 35 20 39 |A 94596.|+1 415 9|
|000010d0| 33 32 20 34 38 32 38 0a | 2e 62 74 0a 2e 66 6e 0a |32 4828.|.bt..fn.|
|000010e0| 5c 28 63 6f 20 43 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 31 |\(co Cop|yright 1|
|000010f0| 39 38 36 20 42 72 65 73 | 6c 6f 77 2c 20 52 65 64 |986 Bres|low, Red|
|00001100| 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 | 65 64 20 62 79 20 70 65 |istribut|ed by pe|
|00001110| 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e | 0a 2e 65 66 0a 2e 70 67 |rmission|..ef..pg|
|00001120| 0a 49 20 61 6d 20 61 6e | 20 61 74 74 6f 72 6e 65 |.I am an| attorne|
|00001130| 79 20 70 72 61 63 74 69 | 63 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 70 |y practi|cing cop|
|00001140| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6c | 61 77 20 61 6e 64 20 63 |yright l|aw and c|
|00001150| 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 0a | 6c 61 77 2e 20 20 49 20 |omputer.|law. I |
|00001160| 72 65 61 64 20 61 20 73 | 65 72 69 65 73 20 6f 66 |read a s|eries of|
|00001170| 20 71 75 65 72 69 65 73 | 20 69 6e 20 6e 65 74 2e | queries| in net.|
|00001180| 6c 65 67 61 6c 20 61 62 | 6f 75 74 0a 63 6f 70 79 |legal ab|out.copy|
|00001190| 72 69 67 68 74 20 6c 61 | 77 20 61 6e 64 20 77 61 |right la|w and wa|
|000011a0| 73 20 64 69 73 6d 61 79 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 66 69 |s dismay|ed to fi|
|000011b0| 6e 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 77 |nd that |people w|
|000011c0| 68 6f 0a 68 61 64 20 6e | 6f 20 69 64 65 61 20 77 |ho.had n|o idea w|
|000011d0| 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 79 | 20 77 65 72 65 20 74 61 |hat they| were ta|
|000011e0| 6c 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 62 | 6f 75 74 20 77 65 72 65 |lking ab|out were|
|000011f0| 20 73 70 72 65 61 64 69 | 6e 67 0a 6d 69 73 69 6e | spreadi|ng.misin|
|00001200| 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 6f 76 65 72 20 74 |formatio|n over t|
|00001210| 68 65 20 6e 65 74 77 6f | 72 6b 2e 20 20 43 6f 6e |he netwo|rk. Con|
|00001220| 73 69 64 65 72 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 |sidering| that th|
|00001230| 65 0a 70 65 6e 61 6c 74 | 69 65 73 20 66 6f 72 20 |e.penalt|ies for |
|00001240| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 69 6e 66 72 69 6e |copyrigh|t infrin|
|00001250| 67 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 63 | 61 6e 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 |gement c|an inclu|
|00001260| 64 65 0a 24 35 30 2c 30 | 30 30 2e 30 30 20 64 61 |de.$50,0|00.00 da|
|00001270| 6d 61 67 65 73 20 70 65 | 72 20 69 6e 66 72 69 6e |mages pe|r infrin|
|00001280| 67 65 64 20 77 6f 72 6b | 2c 20 61 74 74 6f 72 6e |ged work|, attorn|
|00001290| 65 79 73 20 66 65 65 73 | 2c 0a 63 6f 75 72 74 20 |eys fees|,.court |
|000012a0| 63 6f 73 74 73 2c 20 63 | 72 69 6d 69 6e 61 6c 20 |costs, c|riminal |
|000012b0| 66 69 6e 65 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 69 6d 70 72 69 73 |fines an|d impris|
|000012c0| 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 0a 63 6f 6e 73 |onment, |and.cons|
|000012d0| 69 64 65 72 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 69 67 6e |idering |that ign|
|000012e0| 6f 72 61 6e 63 65 20 69 | 73 20 6e 6f 20 65 78 63 |orance i|s no exc|
|000012f0| 75 73 65 20 61 6e 64 20 | 69 6e 6e 6f 63 65 6e 74 |use and |innocent|
|00001300| 0a 69 6e 74 65 6e 74 20 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 65 |.intent |is not e|
|00001310| 76 65 6e 20 61 20 72 65 | 63 6f 67 6e 69 7a 65 64 |ven a re|cognized|
|00001320| 20 64 65 66 65 6e 73 65 | 2c 20 49 20 63 72 69 6e | defense|, I crin|
|00001330| 67 65 20 74 6f 20 73 65 | 65 0a 74 68 65 20 6e 65 |ge to se|e.the ne|
|00001340| 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 75 73 | 65 64 20 61 73 20 61 20 |twork us|ed as a |
|00001350| 73 6f 61 70 62 6f 78 20 | 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 |soapbox |for the |
|00001360| 69 6c 6c 2d 69 6e 66 6f | 72 6d 65 64 2e 20 20 46 |ill-info|rmed. F|
|00001370| 6f 72 0a 74 68 61 74 20 | 72 65 61 73 6f 6e 2c 20 |or.that |reason, |
|00001380| 74 68 69 73 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 20 77 69 6c |this art|icle wil|
|00001390| 6c 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 | 73 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 |l discus|s copyri|
|000013a0| 67 68 74 20 6c 61 77 20 | 61 6e 64 0a 6c 69 63 65 |ght law |and.lice|
|000013b0| 6e 73 65 20 6c 61 77 20 | 61 73 20 74 68 65 79 20 |nse law |as they |
|000013c0| 70 65 72 74 61 69 6e 20 | 74 6f 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 |pertain |to compu|
|000013d0| 74 65 72 20 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 2e 0a 2e 70 |ter soft|ware...p|
|000013e0| 67 0a 4d 79 20 67 6f 61 | 6c 20 69 73 20 74 6f 20 |g.My goa|l is to |
|000013f0| 65 6e 61 62 6c 65 20 72 | 65 61 64 65 72 73 20 74 |enable r|eaders t|
|00001400| 6f 20 64 65 74 65 72 6d | 69 6e 65 20 77 68 65 6e |o determ|ine when|
|00001410| 20 74 68 65 79 0a 73 68 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 | they.sh|ould be |
|00001420| 63 6f 6e 63 65 72 6e 65 | 64 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 |concerne|d about |
|00001430| 69 6e 66 72 69 6e 67 69 | 6e 67 20 61 6e 64 20 77 |infringi|ng and w|
|00001440| 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 79 | 20 63 61 6e 0a 72 65 6c |hen they| can.rel|
|00001450| 61 78 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | 20 69 74 2e 20 20 49 20 |ax about| it. I |
|00001460| 61 6c 73 6f 20 77 61 6e | 74 20 74 6f 20 6c 65 74 |also wan|t to let|
|00001470| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 6d 65 72 73 20 6b 6e 6f | program|mers kno|
|00001480| 77 20 68 6f 77 0a 74 6f | 20 6f 62 74 61 69 6e 20 |w how.to| obtain |
|00001490| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 |copyrigh|t for th|
|000014a0| 65 69 72 20 77 6f 72 6b | 2e 20 20 49 27 6c 6c 20 |eir work|. I'll |
|000014b0| 65 78 70 6c 61 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 0a 70 75 72 70 |explain |the.purp|
|000014c0| 6f 73 65 20 6f 66 20 73 | 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 |ose of s|oftware |
|000014d0| 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 73 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 64 69 |licenses|, and di|
|000014e0| 73 63 75 73 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 |scuss th|e effect|
|000014f0| 0a 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 |.that th|e licens|
|00001500| 65 20 68 61 73 20 6f 6e | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |e has on| copyrig|
|00001510| 68 74 2e 20 20 46 6f 72 | 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 6f |ht. For| those o|
|00001520| 66 20 79 6f 75 20 77 68 | 6f 0a 61 72 65 20 70 72 |f you wh|o.are pr|
|00001530| 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 | 73 2c 20 49 27 6c 6c 20 |ogrammer|s, I'll |
|00001540| 68 65 6c 70 20 79 6f 75 | 20 64 65 63 69 64 65 20 |help you| decide |
|00001550| 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 | 79 6f 75 20 6f 77 6e 0a |whether |you own.|
|00001560| 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 73 20 79 6f 75 |the prog|rams you|
|00001570| 20 77 72 69 74 65 20 6f | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6a 6f | write o|n the jo|
|00001580| 62 20 6f 72 20 79 6f 75 | 72 20 62 6f 73 73 20 6f |b or you|r boss o|
|00001590| 77 6e 73 0a 74 68 65 6d | 2e 20 20 49 20 77 69 6c |wns.them|. I wil|
|000015a0| 6c 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 6d | 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 |l also m|ention t|
|000015b0| 72 61 64 65 6d 61 72 6b | 20 6c 61 77 20 61 6e 64 |rademark| law and|
|000015c0| 20 70 61 74 65 6e 74 20 | 6c 61 77 0a 62 72 69 65 | patent |law.brie|
|000015d0| 66 6c 79 2c 20 69 6e 20 | 6f 72 64 65 72 20 74 6f |fly, in |order to|
|000015e0| 20 63 6c 61 72 69 66 79 | 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 63 6f | clarify| some co|
|000015f0| 6e 66 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 61 62 6f 75 74 20 77 68 |nfusion |about wh|
|00001600| 69 63 68 0a 69 73 20 77 | 68 69 63 68 2e 20 20 49 |ich.is w|hich. I|
|00001610| 6e 63 69 64 65 6e 74 61 | 6c 6c 79 2c 20 69 66 20 |ncidenta|lly, if |
|00001620| 79 6f 75 20 72 65 61 64 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 65 6e |you read| this en|
|00001630| 74 69 72 65 20 65 73 73 | 61 79 2c 0a 79 6f 75 20 |tire ess|ay,.you |
|00001640| 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 | 61 62 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 |will be |able to |
|00001650| 64 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e | 65 20 77 68 65 74 68 65 |determin|e whethe|
|00001660| 72 20 6f 72 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 65 73 73 |r or not| the ess|
|00001670| 61 79 0a 69 73 20 63 6f | 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 65 |ay.is co|pyrighte|
|00001680| 64 20 61 6e 64 20 77 68 | 65 74 68 65 72 20 6f 72 |d and wh|ether or|
|00001690| 20 6e 6f 74 20 79 6f 75 | 20 63 61 6e 20 6d 61 6b | not you| can mak|
|000016a0| 65 20 61 0a 70 72 69 6e | 74 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 |e a.prin|tout of |
|000016b0| 69 74 2e 0a 2e 70 67 0a | 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 |it...pg.|This is |
|000016c0| 61 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 61 | 72 74 69 63 6c 65 2c 20 |a long a|rticle, |
|000016d0| 61 6e 64 20 79 6f 75 20 | 6d 61 79 20 6e 6f 74 20 |and you |may not |
|000016e0| 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 0a | 72 65 61 64 20 61 6c 6c |want to.|read all|
|000016f0| 20 6f 66 20 69 74 2e 20 | 20 48 65 72 65 20 69 73 | of it. | Here is|
|00001700| 20 61 6e 20 6f 75 74 6c | 69 6e 65 20 74 6f 20 68 | an outl|ine to h|
|00001710| 65 6c 70 20 79 6f 75 20 | 64 65 63 69 64 65 0a 77 |elp you |decide.w|
|00001720| 68 61 74 20 74 6f 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 61 6e 64 20 |hat to r|ead and |
|00001730| 77 68 61 74 20 74 6f 20 | 69 67 6e 6f 72 65 3a 0a |what to |ignore:.|
|00001740| 2e 6e 66 0a 2e 73 69 20 | 31 30 0a 31 2e 09 54 68 |.nf..si |10.1..Th|
|00001750| 65 20 4d 65 61 6e 69 6e | 67 20 6f 66 20 43 6f 70 |e Meanin|g of Cop|
|00001760| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 |yright f|rom the |
|00001770| 56 69 65 77 70 6f 69 6e | 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |Viewpoin|t of the|
|00001780| 20 53 6f 66 74 77 61 72 | 65 20 55 73 65 72 0a 31 | Softwar|e User.1|
|00001790| 2e 31 09 41 20 62 69 74 | 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 74 |.1.A bit| of hist|
|000017a0| 6f 72 79 0a 31 2e 32 09 | 54 68 65 20 6d 65 61 6e |ory.1.2.|The mean|
|000017b0| 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 5c | 66 32 63 6f 70 79 72 69 |ing of \|f2copyri|
|000017c0| 67 68 74 5c 66 50 0a 31 | 2e 33 09 54 68 65 20 6d |ght\fP.1|.3.The m|
|000017d0| 65 61 6e 69 6e 67 20 6f | 66 20 5c 66 32 70 75 62 |eaning o|f \f2pub|
|000017e0| 6c 69 63 20 64 6f 6d 61 | 69 6e 5c 66 50 0a 31 2e |lic doma|in\fP.1.|
|000017f0| 34 09 41 20 68 79 70 6f | 74 68 65 74 69 63 61 6c |4.A hypo|thetical|
|00001800| 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 | 65 20 70 75 72 63 68 61 | softwar|e purcha|
|00001810| 73 65 0a 31 2e 35 09 43 | 61 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 75 |se.1.5.C|an you u|
|00001820| 73 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 | 69 67 68 74 65 64 20 73 |se copyr|ighted s|
|00001830| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 3f | 0a 31 2e 36 09 43 61 6e |oftware?|.1.6.Can|
|00001840| 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 61 6b | 65 20 61 20 62 61 63 6b | you mak|e a back|
|00001850| 75 70 20 63 6f 70 79 3f | 0a 31 2e 37 09 4c 69 63 |up copy?|.1.7.Lic|
|00001860| 65 6e 73 65 73 20 6d 61 | 79 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 |enses ma|y change|
|00001870| 20 74 68 65 20 72 75 6c | 65 73 0a 31 2e 38 09 43 | the rul|es.1.8.C|
|00001880| 61 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 6d | 6f 64 69 66 79 20 74 68 |an you m|odify th|
|00001890| 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 3f 0a 31 2e 39 09 43 |e progra|m?.1.9.C|
|000018a0| 61 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 62 | 72 65 61 6b 20 74 68 65 |an you b|reak the|
|000018b0| 20 63 6f 70 79 20 70 72 | 6f 74 65 63 74 69 6f 6e | copy pr|otection|
|000018c0| 20 73 63 68 65 6d 65 3f | 0a 31 2e 31 30 09 53 75 | scheme?|.1.10.Su|
|000018d0| 6d 6d 61 72 79 0a 2e 73 | 70 0a 32 2e 09 43 6f 70 |mmary..s|p.2..Cop|
|000018e0| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 53 | 6f 75 6e 64 73 20 4e 65 |yright S|ounds Ne|
|000018f0| 61 74 20 2d 2d 20 48 6f | 77 20 44 6f 20 49 20 47 |at -- Ho|w Do I G|
|00001900| 65 74 20 4f 6e 65 3f 20 | 4f 72 2c 20 48 6f 77 20 |et One? |Or, How |
|00001910| 44 6f 20 49 20 4b 6e 6f | 77 20 49 66 0a 09 74 68 |Do I Kno|w If..th|
|00001920| 69 73 20 50 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 20 69 73 20 43 6f |is Progr|am is Co|
|00001930| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 65 | 64 3f 0a 32 2e 31 09 48 |pyrighte|d?.2.1.H|
|00001940| 6f 77 20 64 6f 20 79 6f | 75 20 67 65 74 20 61 20 |ow do yo|u get a |
|00001950| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 3f 0a 32 2e 32 09 48 |copyrigh|t?.2.2.H|
|00001960| 6f 77 20 64 6f 20 79 6f | 75 20 6c 6f 73 65 20 61 |ow do yo|u lose a|
|00001970| 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | 68 74 3f 0a 32 2e 33 09 | copyrig|ht?.2.3.|
|00001980| 48 6f 77 20 64 6f 20 79 | 6f 75 20 77 61 73 74 65 |How do y|ou waste|
|00001990| 20 61 20 73 74 61 6d 70 | 3f 0a 32 2e 34 09 44 6f | a stamp|?.2.4.Do|
|000019a0| 20 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 | 65 20 74 6f 20 72 65 67 | you hav|e to reg|
|000019b0| 69 73 74 65 72 3f 0a 32 | 2e 35 09 48 6f 77 20 63 |ister?.2|.5.How c|
|000019c0| 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 | 20 63 6f 6d 65 73 20 69 |opyright| comes i|
|000019d0| 6e 74 6f 20 65 78 69 73 | 74 65 6e 63 65 0a 32 2e |nto exis|tence.2.|
|000019e0| 36 09 54 68 65 20 63 6f | 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 |6.The co|pyright |
|000019f0| 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 0a 32 | 2e 37 09 41 64 76 61 6e |notice.2|.7.Advan|
|00001a00| 74 61 67 65 73 20 6f 66 | 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 72 |tages of| registr|
|00001a10| 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a 32 2e | 38 09 41 20 74 65 73 74 |ation.2.|8.A test|
|00001a20| 20 74 6f 20 73 65 65 20 | 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 75 | to see |if you u|
|00001a30| 6e 64 65 72 73 74 61 6e | 64 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 |nderstan|d this a|
|00001a40| 72 74 69 63 6c 65 0a 2e | 73 70 0a 33 2e 09 57 68 |rticle..|sp.3..Wh|
|00001a50| 6f 20 4f 77 6e 73 20 54 | 68 65 20 50 72 6f 67 72 |o Owns T|he Progr|
|00001a60| 61 6d 20 59 6f 75 20 57 | 72 6f 74 65 3f 0a 33 2e |am You W|rote?.3.|
|00001a70| 31 09 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 | 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 0a 33 |1.Introd|uction.3|
|00001a80| 2e 32 09 50 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 73 20 77 72 69 74 |.2.Progr|ams writ|
|00001a90| 74 65 6e 20 61 73 20 61 | 6e 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 |ten as a|n employ|
|00001aa0| 65 65 0a 33 2e 33 09 50 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 |ee.3.3.P|rograms |
|00001ab0| 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 | 61 73 20 61 20 63 6f 6e |written |as a con|
|00001ac0| 74 72 61 63 74 6f 72 0a | 2e 73 70 0a 34 2e 09 41 |tractor.|.sp.4..A|
|00001ad0| 20 42 72 69 65 66 20 57 | 6f 72 64 20 61 62 6f 75 | Brief W|ord abou|
|00001ae0| 74 20 4c 69 63 65 6e 73 | 65 73 0a 34 2e 31 09 57 |t Licens|es.4.1.W|
|00001af0| 68 79 20 61 20 6c 69 63 | 65 6e 73 65 3f 0a 34 2e |hy a lic|ense?.4.|
|00001b00| 32 09 49 73 20 69 74 20 | 76 61 6c 69 64 3f 0a 2e |2.Is it |valid?..|
|00001b10| 73 70 0a 2e 35 09 49 20 | 48 61 76 65 20 61 20 4e |sp..5.I |Have a N|
|00001b20| 65 61 74 20 49 64 65 61 | 2e 20 20 43 61 6e 20 49 |eat Idea|. Can I|
|00001b30| 20 54 72 61 64 65 6d 61 | 72 6b 20 69 74 3f 20 57 | Tradema|rk it? W|
|00001b40| 68 61 74 20 61 62 6f 75 | 74 20 61 20 50 61 74 65 |hat abou|t a Pate|
|00001b50| 6e 74 3f 0a 35 2e 31 09 | 54 72 61 64 65 6d 61 72 |nt?.5.1.|Trademar|
|00001b60| 6b 20 6c 61 77 20 65 78 | 70 6c 61 69 6e 65 64 0a |k law ex|plained.|
|00001b70| 35 2e 32 09 50 61 74 65 | 6e 74 20 6c 61 77 0a 2e |5.2.Pate|nt law..|
|00001b80| 73 70 0a 36 2e 09 43 6f | 6e 63 6c 75 73 69 6f 6e |sp.6..Co|nclusion|
|00001b90| 0a 2e 65 69 0a 2e 66 69 | 0a 2e 73 70 20 32 0a 2e |..ei..fi|..sp 2..|
|00001ba0| 68 6e 20 31 0a 54 68 65 | 20 4d 65 61 6e 69 6e 67 |hn 1.The| Meaning|
|00001bb0| 20 6f 66 20 43 6f 70 79 | 72 69 67 68 74 20 66 72 | of Copy|right fr|
|00001bc0| 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 56 | 69 65 77 70 6f 69 6e 74 |om the V|iewpoint|
|00001bd0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 53 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 | of the |Software|
|00001be0| 20 55 73 65 72 0a 2e 68 | 6e 20 32 0a 41 20 62 69 | User..h|n 2.A bi|
|00001bf0| 74 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 | 74 6f 72 79 0a 2e 70 67 |t of his|tory..pg|
|00001c00| 0a 49 66 20 79 6f 75 27 | 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 69 |.If you'|re not i|
|00001c10| 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 65 | 64 20 69 6e 20 68 69 73 |ntereste|d in his|
|00001c20| 74 6f 72 79 2c 20 79 6f | 75 20 63 61 6e 0a 73 6b |tory, yo|u can.sk|
|00001c30| 69 70 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 70 61 72 61 67 72 61 70 |ip this |paragrap|
|00001c40| 68 2e 0a 2e 69 20 4d 6f | 64 65 72 6e 0a 63 6f 70 |h...i Mo|dern.cop|
|00001c50| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6c | 61 77 20 66 69 72 73 74 |yright l|aw first|
|00001c60| 20 63 61 6d 65 0a 69 6e | 74 6f 20 65 78 69 73 74 | came.in|to exist|
|00001c70| 65 6e 63 65 20 69 6e 20 | 31 35 37 30 2c 20 20 62 |ence in |1570, b|
|00001c80| 79 20 61 6e 20 61 63 74 | 20 6f 66 20 50 61 72 6c |y an act| of Parl|
|00001c90| 69 61 6d 65 6e 74 20 63 | 61 6c 6c 65 64 0a 74 68 |iament c|alled.th|
|00001ca0| 65 20 53 74 61 74 75 74 | 65 20 6f 66 20 41 6e 6e |e Statut|e of Ann|
|00001cb0| 65 2e 20 20 4c 69 6b 65 | 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 6c 61 |e. Like| most la|
|00001cc0| 77 73 2c 20 69 74 20 68 | 61 73 6e 27 74 20 63 68 |ws, it h|asn't ch|
|00001cd0| 61 6e 67 65 64 0a 6d 75 | 63 68 20 73 69 6e 63 65 |anged.mu|ch since|
|00001ce0| 2e 20 20 49 74 20 77 61 | 73 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 |. It wa|s writte|
|00001cf0| 6e 20 77 69 74 68 20 62 | 6f 6f 6b 73 20 61 6e 64 |n with b|ooks and|
|00001d00| 20 70 69 63 74 75 72 65 | 73 20 69 6e 0a 6d 69 6e | picture|s in.min|
|00001d10| 64 2e 20 20 50 61 72 6c | 69 61 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 |d. Parl|iament, |
|00001d20| 6c 61 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 6f 72 65 |lacking |the fore|
|00001d30| 73 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f | 20 70 72 65 64 69 63 74 |sight to| predict|
|00001d40| 20 74 68 65 0a 73 75 63 | 63 65 73 73 20 6f 66 20 | the.suc|cess of |
|00001d50| 74 68 65 20 49 6e 74 65 | 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 49 42 |the Inte|l and IB|
|00001d60| 4d 20 63 6f 72 70 6f 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 |M corpor|ations, |
|00001d70| 66 61 69 6c 65 64 20 74 | 6f 0a 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 |failed t|o.consid|
|00001d80| 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 69 | 73 73 75 65 20 6f 66 20 |er the i|ssue of |
|00001d90| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 6d |copyrigh|ting com|
|00001da0| 70 75 74 65 72 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 2e 20 |puter pr|ograms. |
|00001db0| 0a 2e 70 67 0a 41 74 20 | 66 69 72 73 74 2c 20 63 |..pg.At |first, c|
|00001dc0| 6f 75 72 74 73 20 71 75 | 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 65 64 |ourts qu|estioned|
|00001dd0| 20 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 | 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | whether| program|
|00001de0| 73 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 | 62 65 0a 63 6f 70 79 72 |s could |be.copyr|
|00001df0| 69 67 68 74 65 64 20 61 | 74 20 61 6c 6c 2e 20 20 |ighted a|t all. |
|00001e00| 54 68 65 20 70 72 6f 62 | 6c 65 6d 20 77 61 73 20 |The prob|lem was |
|00001e10| 74 68 61 74 20 6a 75 64 | 67 65 73 0a 63 6f 75 6c |that jud|ges.coul|
|00001e20| 64 6e 27 74 20 72 65 61 | 64 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 |dn't rea|d the pr|
|00001e30| 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 79 20 |ograms a|nd they |
|00001e40| 66 69 67 75 72 65 64 20 | 74 68 65 0a 43 6f 70 79 |figured |the.Copy|
|00001e50| 72 69 67 68 74 20 4c 61 | 77 20 77 61 73 20 6f 6e |right La|w was on|
|00001e60| 6c 79 20 6d 65 61 6e 74 | 20 74 6f 20 61 70 70 6c |ly meant| to appl|
|00001e70| 79 20 74 6f 20 74 68 69 | 6e 67 73 20 68 75 6d 61 |y to thi|ngs huma|
|00001e80| 6e 73 0a 28 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 61 72 67 75 61 62 |ns.(whic|h arguab|
|00001e90| 6c 79 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 | 64 65 73 20 6a 75 64 67 |ly inclu|des judg|
|00001ea0| 65 73 29 20 63 6f 75 6c | 64 20 72 65 61 64 20 77 |es) coul|d read w|
|00001eb0| 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 74 | 68 65 0a 61 69 64 20 6f |ithout t|he.aid o|
|00001ec0| 66 20 61 20 6d 61 63 68 | 69 6e 65 2e 20 20 49 20 |f a mach|ine. I |
|00001ed0| 73 61 77 20 73 6f 6d 65 | 20 6d 79 74 68 69 63 61 |saw some| mythica|
|00001ee0| 6c 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 | 73 69 6f 6e 20 61 62 6f |l discus|sion abo|
|00001ef0| 75 74 0a 74 68 61 74 20 | 69 6e 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 |ut.that |in some |
|00001f00| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 74 2e 6c 65 67 61 6c |of the n|et.legal|
|00001f10| 20 64 72 69 76 65 6c 2e | 20 20 4c 65 74 27 73 20 | drivel.| Let's |
|00001f20| 6c 61 79 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 6f 0a 72 65 73 74 |lay that| to.rest|
|00001f30| 3a 20 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 73 20 61 72 65 20 |: progr|ams are |
|00001f40| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 61 62 6c 65 20 61 73 |copyrigh|table as|
|00001f50| 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 61 73 | 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 69 | long as| there i|
|00001f60| 73 0a 65 76 65 6e 20 61 | 20 6d 69 6e 69 6d 61 6c |s.even a| minimal|
|00001f70| 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 63 72 65 61 74 | amount |of creat|
|00001f80| 69 76 69 74 79 2e 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 69 73 73 75 |ivity. |The issu|
|00001f90| 65 20 77 61 73 20 6c 61 | 69 64 0a 74 6f 20 72 65 |e was la|id.to re|
|00001fa0| 73 74 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 74 68 65 20 53 6f 66 74 |st with |the Soft|
|00001fb0| 77 61 72 65 20 41 63 74 | 20 6f 66 20 31 39 38 30 |ware Act| of 1980|
|00001fc0| 2e 20 20 54 68 61 74 20 | 41 63 74 0a 6d 6f 64 69 |. That |Act.modi|
|00001fd0| 66 69 65 64 20 74 68 65 | 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |fied the| Copyrig|
|00001fe0| 68 74 20 41 63 74 20 28 | 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 73 |ht Act (|which is|
|00001ff0| 20 61 20 46 65 64 65 72 | 61 6c 20 6c 61 77 20 62 | a Feder|al law b|
|00002000| 79 0a 74 68 65 20 77 61 | 79 29 2c 20 69 6e 20 73 |y.the wa|y), in s|
|00002010| 75 63 68 20 61 20 77 61 | 79 20 61 73 20 74 6f 20 |uch a wa|y as to |
|00002020| 6d 61 6b 65 20 69 74 20 | 63 6c 65 61 72 20 74 68 |make it |clear th|
|00002030| 61 74 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 73 20 61 72 65 20 |at.progr|ams are |
|00002040| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 61 62 6c 65 2e 20 20 |copyrigh|table. |
|00002050| 54 68 65 20 66 65 77 20 | 65 78 63 65 70 74 69 6f |The few |exceptio|
|00002060| 6e 73 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 69 73 0a 72 75 6c 65 20 |ns to th|is.rule |
|00002070| 77 69 6c 6c 20 72 61 72 | 65 6c 79 20 63 6f 6e 63 |will rar|ely conc|
|00002080| 65 72 6e 20 61 6e 79 6f | 6e 65 2e 20 20 54 68 65 |ern anyo|ne. The|
|00002090| 20 6e 65 78 74 20 71 75 | 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 | next qu|estion t|
|000020a0| 6f 0a 61 72 69 73 65 20 | 77 61 73 20 77 68 65 74 |o.arise |was whet|
|000020b0| 68 65 72 20 61 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 77 61 |her a pr|ogram wa|
|000020c0| 73 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 | 67 68 74 61 62 6c 65 20 |s copyri|ghtable |
|000020d0| 69 66 20 69 74 20 77 61 | 73 0a 73 74 6f 72 65 64 |if it wa|s.stored|
|000020e0| 20 69 6e 20 52 4f 4d 20 | 72 61 74 68 65 72 20 74 | in ROM |rather t|
|000020f0| 68 61 6e 20 6f 6e 20 70 | 61 70 65 72 2e 20 20 20 |han on p|aper. |
|00002100| 54 68 65 20 64 65 63 69 | 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 0a |The deci|sion in.|
|00002110| 74 68 65 20 41 70 70 6c | 65 20 76 2e 20 46 72 61 |the Appl|e v. Fra|
|00002120| 6e 6b 6c 69 6e 20 63 61 | 73 65 20 6c 61 69 64 20 |nklin ca|se laid |
|00002130| 74 68 61 74 20 74 6f 20 | 72 65 73 74 3a 20 20 69 |that to |rest: i|
|00002140| 74 20 69 73 2e 0a 2e 68 | 6e 20 32 0a 54 68 65 20 |t is...h|n 2.The |
|00002150| 6d 65 61 6e 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 66 20 5c 66 32 63 6f |meaning |of \f2co|
|00002160| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 5c | 66 50 0a 2e 70 67 0a 4e |pyright\|fP..pg.N|
|00002170| 6f 77 2c 20 77 68 61 74 | 20 69 73 20 63 6f 70 79 |ow, what| is copy|
|00002180| 72 69 67 68 74 3f 20 20 | 41 73 20 69 74 20 69 73 |right? |As it is|
|00002190| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 6c | 79 0a 75 6e 64 65 72 73 | commonl|y.unders|
|000021a0| 74 6f 6f 64 2c 20 69 74 | 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 |tood, it| is the |
|000021b0| 72 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f | 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 63 6f |right to| make co|
|000021c0| 70 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 | 73 6f 6d 65 74 68 69 6e |pies of |somethin|
|000021d0| 67 0a 2d 2d 20 6f 72 20 | 74 6f 20 70 75 74 20 69 |g.-- or |to put i|
|000021e0| 74 20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 | 68 65 72 20 77 61 79 20 |t the ot|her way |
|000021f0| 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 2c 20 | 69 74 20 69 73 20 74 68 |around, |it is th|
|00002200| 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 20 | 74 6f 0a 70 72 6f 68 69 |e right |to.prohi|
|00002210| 62 69 74 20 6f 74 68 65 | 72 20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 |bit othe|r people|
|00002220| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 6d 61 | 6b 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 70 | from ma|king cop|
|00002230| 69 65 73 2e 20 20 54 68 | 69 73 20 69 73 20 6b 6e |ies. Th|is is kn|
|00002240| 6f 77 6e 0a 61 73 20 61 | 6e 20 65 78 63 6c 75 73 |own.as a|n exclus|
|00002250| 69 76 65 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 2d 2d 20 74 68 65 |ive righ|t -- the|
|00002260| 20 65 78 63 6c 75 73 69 | 76 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 | exclusi|ve right|
|00002270| 20 74 6f 0a 2e 69 20 72 | 65 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 | to..i r|eproduce|
|00002280| 20 2c 0a 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 62 69 6f 6c 6f 67 | ,.in th|e biolog|
|00002290| 69 63 61 6c 20 6c 61 6e | 67 75 61 67 65 20 6f 66 |ical lan|guage of|
|000022a0| 20 74 68 65 20 43 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 41 | the Cop|yright.A|
|000022b0| 63 74 20 2d 2d 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 68 61 74 20 6d |ct -- an|d what m|
|000022c0| 6f 73 74 20 70 65 6f 70 | 6c 65 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 |ost peop|le don't|
|000022d0| 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 69 73 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 63 6f | know is| that co|
|000022e0| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a | 69 6e 76 6f 6c 76 65 73 |pyright.|involves|
|000022f0| 20 6e 6f 74 20 6f 6e 65 | 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 74 77 | not one|, not tw|
|00002300| 6f 2c 20 62 75 74 20 66 | 69 76 65 20 65 78 63 6c |o, but f|ive excl|
|00002310| 75 73 69 76 65 20 72 69 | 67 68 74 73 2e 20 20 20 |usive ri|ghts. |
|00002320| 0a 54 68 65 73 65 20 61 | 72 65 20 28 31 29 20 74 |.These a|re (1) t|
|00002330| 68 65 20 65 78 63 6c 75 | 73 69 76 65 20 72 69 67 |he exclu|sive rig|
|00002340| 68 74 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 | 6b 65 20 63 6f 70 69 65 |ht to ma|ke copie|
|00002350| 73 2c 20 28 32 29 0a 74 | 68 65 20 65 78 63 6c 75 |s, (2).t|he exclu|
|00002360| 73 69 76 65 20 72 69 67 | 68 74 20 74 6f 20 64 69 |sive rig|ht to di|
|00002370| 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 | 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 20 |stribute| copies |
|00002380| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 75 62 6c 69 63 2c 0a 28 |to the p|ublic,.(|
|00002390| 33 29 20 74 68 65 20 65 | 78 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 |3) the e|xclusive|
|000023a0| 20 72 69 67 68 74 20 74 | 6f 20 70 72 65 70 61 72 | right t|o prepar|
|000023b0| 65 20 0a 2e 69 20 22 64 | 65 72 69 76 61 74 69 76 |e ..i "d|erivativ|
|000023c0| 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 22 | 0a 28 49 27 6c 6c 20 65 |e works"|.(I'll e|
|000023d0| 78 70 6c 61 69 6e 2c 20 | 6a 75 73 74 20 6b 65 65 |xplain, |just kee|
|000023e0| 70 20 72 65 61 64 69 6e | 67 29 2c 20 28 34 29 20 |p readin|g), (4) |
|000023f0| 74 68 65 20 65 78 63 6c | 75 73 69 76 65 0a 72 69 |the excl|usive.ri|
|00002400| 67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 70 | 65 72 66 6f 72 6d 20 74 |ght to p|erform t|
|00002410| 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 | 69 6e 20 70 75 62 6c 69 |he work |in publi|
|00002420| 63 20 28 74 68 69 73 20 | 6d 61 69 6e 6c 79 20 61 |c (this |mainly a|
|00002430| 70 70 6c 69 65 73 0a 74 | 6f 20 70 6c 61 79 73 2c |pplies.t|o plays,|
|00002440| 20 64 61 6e 63 65 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 | dances |and the |
|00002450| 6c 69 6b 65 2c 20 62 75 | 74 20 69 74 20 63 6f 75 |like, bu|t it cou|
|00002460| 6c 64 20 61 70 70 6c 79 | 20 74 6f 0a 73 6f 66 74 |ld apply| to.soft|
|00002470| 77 61 72 65 29 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 28 35 29 20 74 |ware), a|nd (5) t|
|00002480| 68 65 20 65 78 63 6c 75 | 73 69 76 65 20 72 69 67 |he exclu|sive rig|
|00002490| 68 74 20 74 6f 20 64 69 | 73 70 6c 61 79 20 74 68 |ht to di|splay th|
|000024a0| 65 0a 77 6f 72 6b 20 69 | 6e 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 |e.work i|n public|
|000024b0| 20 28 73 75 63 68 20 61 | 73 20 73 68 6f 77 69 6e | (such a|s showin|
|000024c0| 67 20 61 20 66 69 6c 6d | 29 2e 0a 2e 68 6e 20 32 |g a film|)...hn 2|
|000024d0| 0a 54 68 65 20 6d 65 61 | 6e 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 |.The mea|ning of |
|000024e0| 5c 66 32 70 75 62 6c 69 | 63 20 64 6f 6d 61 69 6e |\f2publi|c domain|
|000024f0| 5c 66 50 0a 2e 70 67 0a | 42 65 66 6f 72 65 20 77 |\fP..pg.|Before w|
|00002500| 65 20 67 6f 20 61 6e 79 | 20 66 75 72 74 68 65 72 |e go any| further|
|00002510| 2c 20 77 68 61 74 20 69 | 73 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 |, what i|s public|
|00002520| 0a 64 6f 6d 61 69 6e 3f | 20 20 49 20 73 61 77 20 |.domain?| I saw |
|00002530| 73 6f 6d 65 20 64 69 73 | 63 75 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 |some dis|cussion |
|00002540| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 74 20 61 62 6f 75 74 |on the n|et about|
|00002550| 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 0a | 64 6f 6d 61 69 6e 20 73 | public.|domain s|
|00002560| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 | 62 65 69 6e 67 20 63 6f |oftware |being co|
|00002570| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 65 | 64 2e 20 20 4e 6f 6e 73 |pyrighte|d. Nons|
|00002580| 65 6e 73 65 2e 20 20 54 | 68 65 0a 70 68 72 61 73 |ense. T|he.phras|
|00002590| 65 20 0a 2e 69 20 22 70 | 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f |e ..i "p|ublic do|
|000025a0| 6d 61 69 6e 2c 22 0a 77 | 68 65 6e 20 75 73 65 64 |main,".w|hen used|
|000025b0| 20 63 6f 72 72 65 63 74 | 6c 79 2c 20 6d 65 61 6e | correct|ly, mean|
|000025c0| 73 20 74 68 65 0a 61 62 | 73 65 6e 63 65 20 6f 66 |s the.ab|sence of|
|000025d0| 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | 68 74 20 70 72 6f 74 65 | copyrig|ht prote|
|000025e0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 | 49 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 |ction. |It means|
|000025f0| 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e | 20 63 6f 70 79 0a 70 75 | you can| copy.pu|
|00002600| 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f 6d | 61 69 6e 20 73 6f 66 74 |blic dom|ain soft|
|00002610| 77 61 72 65 20 74 6f 20 | 79 6f 75 72 20 68 65 61 |ware to |your hea|
|00002620| 72 74 27 73 20 63 6f 6e | 74 65 6e 74 2e 20 20 49 |rt's con|tent. I|
|00002630| 74 0a 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 |t.means |that the|
|00002640| 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 20 | 68 61 73 20 6e 6f 6e 65 | author |has none|
|00002650| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 65 78 63 6c 75 73 69 76 | of the |exclusiv|
|00002660| 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 73 | 0a 6c 69 73 74 65 64 20 |e rights|.listed |
|00002670| 61 62 6f 76 65 2e 20 20 | 49 66 20 73 6f 6d 65 6f |above. |If someo|
|00002680| 6e 65 20 75 73 65 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 70 68 72 61 |ne uses |the phra|
|00002690| 73 65 0a 2e 69 20 22 70 | 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f |se..i "p|ublic do|
|000026a0| 6d 61 69 6e 22 0a 74 6f | 20 72 65 66 65 72 20 74 |main".to| refer t|
|000026b0| 6f 0a 2e 69 20 66 72 65 | 65 77 61 72 65 0a 28 73 |o..i fre|eware.(s|
|000026c0| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 | 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 73 |oftware |which is|
|000026d0| 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | 68 74 65 64 20 62 75 74 | copyrig|hted but|
|000026e0| 20 69 73 20 64 69 73 74 | 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 20 | is dist|ributed |
|000026f0| 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 | 61 64 76 61 6e 63 65 20 |without |advance |
|00002700| 70 61 79 6d 65 6e 74 0a | 62 75 74 20 77 69 74 68 |payment.|but with|
|00002710| 20 61 20 72 65 71 75 65 | 73 74 20 66 6f 72 20 61 | a reque|st for a|
|00002720| 20 64 6f 6e 61 74 69 6f | 6e 29 2c 20 68 65 20 6f | donatio|n), he o|
|00002730| 72 20 73 68 65 20 69 73 | 20 75 73 69 6e 67 0a 74 |r she is| using.t|
|00002740| 68 65 20 74 65 72 6d 20 | 69 6e 63 6f 72 72 65 63 |he term |incorrec|
|00002750| 74 6c 79 2e 20 20 50 75 | 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f 6d |tly. Pu|blic dom|
|00002760| 61 69 6e 20 6d 65 61 6e | 73 20 6e 6f 20 63 6f 70 |ain mean|s no cop|
|00002770| 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 2d | 2d 20 6e 6f 20 65 78 63 |yright.-|- no exc|
|00002780| 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 72 | 69 67 68 74 73 2e 0a 2e |lusive r|ights...|
|00002790| 68 6e 20 32 0a 41 20 68 | 79 70 6f 74 68 65 74 69 |hn 2.A h|ypotheti|
|000027a0| 63 61 6c 20 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 20 70 75 72 |cal soft|ware pur|
|000027b0| 63 68 61 73 65 0a 2e 70 | 67 0a 4c 65 74 27 73 20 |chase..p|g.Let's |
|000027c0| 6c 6f 6f 6b 20 61 74 20 | 74 68 6f 73 65 20 65 78 |look at |those ex|
|000027d0| 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 | 72 69 67 68 74 73 20 66 |clusive |rights f|
|000027e0| 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 0a | 76 69 65 77 70 6f 69 6e |rom the.|viewpoin|
|000027f0| 74 20 6f 66 20 73 6f 6d | 65 6f 6e 65 20 77 68 6f |t of som|eone who|
|00002800| 20 68 61 73 20 6c 65 67 | 69 74 69 6d 61 74 65 6c | has leg|itimatel|
|00002810| 79 20 70 75 72 63 68 61 | 73 65 64 20 61 0a 73 69 |y purcha|sed a.si|
|00002820| 6e 67 6c 65 20 63 6f 70 | 79 20 6f 66 20 61 20 63 |ngle cop|y of a c|
|00002830| 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 | 65 64 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 |opyright|ed compu|
|00002840| 74 65 72 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 2e 20 20 46 6f |ter prog|ram. Fo|
|00002850| 72 20 74 68 65 0a 6d 6f | 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 77 65 |r the.mo|ment, we|
|00002860| 27 6c 6c 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 74 6f 20 69 67 6e 6f |'ll have| to igno|
|00002870| 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 61 63 74 20 74 68 61 74 |re the f|act that|
|00002880| 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 0a 69 73 20 | the pro|gram.is |
|00002890| 73 75 70 70 6f 73 65 64 | 6c 79 20 6c 69 63 65 6e |supposed|ly licen|
|000028a0| 73 65 64 2c 20 62 65 63 | 61 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 |sed, bec|ause the|
|000028b0| 20 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 | 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 73 | license| changes|
|000028c0| 0a 74 68 69 6e 67 73 2e | 20 20 49 27 6c 6c 20 65 |.things.| I'll e|
|000028d0| 78 70 6c 61 69 6e 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 6c 61 74 65 |xplain t|hat late|
|000028e0| 72 2e 20 20 46 6f 72 20 | 6e 6f 77 2c 20 61 73 73 |r. For |now, ass|
|000028f0| 75 6d 65 20 79 6f 75 0a | 77 65 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 |ume you.|went to |
|00002900| 46 72 65 64 27 73 20 44 | 69 6e 65 72 20 61 6e 64 |Fred's D|iner and|
|00002910| 20 53 6f 66 74 77 61 72 | 65 20 4d 61 72 74 20 61 | Softwar|e Mart a|
|00002920| 6e 64 20 62 6f 75 67 68 | 74 20 61 0a 64 6f 7a 65 |nd bough|t a.doze|
|00002930| 6e 20 65 67 67 73 2c 20 | 63 61 74 20 66 6f 6f 64 |n eggs, |cat food|
|00002940| 20 61 6e 64 20 61 20 77 | 6f 72 64 20 70 72 6f 63 | and a w|ord proc|
|00002950| 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2e 20 |essing p|rogram. |
|00002960| 20 41 6e 64 0a 66 6f 72 | 20 6e 6f 77 2c 20 61 73 | And.for| now, as|
|00002970| 73 75 6d 65 20 74 68 65 | 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d |sume the| program|
|00002980| 20 69 73 20 63 6f 70 79 | 72 69 67 68 74 65 64 2e | is copy|righted.|
|00002990| 0a 2e 68 6e 20 32 0a 43 | 61 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 75 |..hn 2.C|an you u|
|000029a0| 73 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 | 69 67 68 74 65 64 20 73 |se copyr|ighted s|
|000029b0| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 3f | 0a 2e 70 67 0a 57 68 61 |oftware?|..pg.Wha|
|000029c0| 74 20 63 61 6e 20 79 6f | 75 20 64 6f 20 77 69 74 |t can yo|u do wit|
|000029d0| 68 20 74 68 69 73 20 63 | 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 |h this c|opyright|
|000029e0| 65 64 0a 73 6f 66 74 77 | 61 72 65 3f 20 20 4c 65 |ed.softw|are? Le|
|000029f0| 74 27 73 20 73 74 61 72 | 74 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 |t's star|t with t|
|00002a00| 68 65 20 6f 62 76 69 6f | 75 73 3a 20 20 63 61 6e |he obvio|us: can|
|00002a10| 20 79 6f 75 20 75 73 65 | 20 69 74 0a 6f 6e 20 79 | you use| it.on y|
|00002a20| 6f 75 72 20 70 6f 77 65 | 72 66 75 6c 20 54 69 6d |our powe|rful Tim|
|00002a30| 65 78 20 50 43 3f 20 20 | 49 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 |ex PC? |Is this |
|00002a40| 61 20 6a 6f 6b 65 3f 20 | 20 4e 6f 2e 20 20 50 72 |a joke? | No. Pr|
|00002a50| 69 6f 72 0a 74 6f 20 31 | 39 38 30 2c 20 6d 79 20 |ior.to 1|980, my |
|00002a60| 61 6e 73 77 65 72 20 6d | 69 67 68 74 20 68 61 76 |answer m|ight hav|
|00002a70| 65 20 62 65 65 6e 20 4e | 6f 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 63 |e been N|o, you c|
|00002a80| 61 6e 27 74 20 75 73 65 | 20 69 74 21 0a 2e 70 67 |an't use| it!..pg|
|00002a90| 0a 50 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 | 61 63 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 |.People |actually|
|00002aa0| 20 70 61 79 20 6d 65 20 | 66 6f 72 20 61 64 76 69 | pay me |for advi|
|00002ab0| 63 65 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 | 74 68 61 74 21 20 20 57 |ce like |that! W|
|00002ac0| 65 6c 6c 0a 74 68 69 6e | 6b 3a 20 20 79 6f 75 20 |ell.thin|k: you |
|00002ad0| 74 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65 | 20 66 6c 6f 70 70 79 20 |take the| floppy |
|00002ae0| 64 69 73 6b 20 6f 75 74 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |disk out| of the |
|00002af0| 7a 69 70 20 6c 6f 63 6b | 0a 62 61 67 67 79 2c 20 |zip lock|.baggy, |
|00002b00| 69 6e 73 65 72 74 20 69 | 74 20 69 6e 20 64 72 69 |insert i|t in dri|
|00002b10| 76 65 20 41 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6c 6f 61 64 20 74 68 |ve A and| load th|
|00002b20| 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 20 69 6e 74 6f 0a 52 |e progra|m into.R|
|00002b30| 41 4d 2e 20 20 57 68 61 | 74 20 68 61 76 65 20 79 |AM. Wha|t have y|
|00002b40| 6f 75 20 6a 75 73 74 20 | 64 6f 6e 65 3f 20 20 59 |ou just |done? Y|
|00002b50| 6f 75 27 76 65 20 6d 61 | 64 65 20 61 20 63 6f 70 |ou've ma|de a cop|
|00002b60| 79 20 69 6e 0a 52 41 4d | 20 2d 2d 20 69 6e 20 6c |y in.RAM| -- in l|
|00002b70| 65 67 61 6c 65 73 65 2c | 20 79 6f 75 27 76 65 20 |egalese,| you've |
|00002b80| 72 65 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 77 |reproduc|ed the w|
|00002b90| 6f 72 6b 2c 20 69 6e 0a | 76 69 6f 6c 61 74 69 6f |ork, in.|violatio|
|00002ba0| 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |n of the| copyrig|
|00002bb0| 68 74 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 | 27 73 20 65 78 63 6c 75 |ht owner|'s exclu|
|00002bc0| 73 69 76 65 20 72 69 67 | 68 74 20 74 6f 0a 72 65 |sive rig|ht to.re|
|00002bd0| 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 2e | 20 20 28 49 20 62 65 74 |produce.| (I bet|
|00002be0| 74 65 72 20 63 6c 61 72 | 69 66 79 20 73 6f 6d 65 |ter clar|ify some|
|00002bf0| 74 68 69 6e 67 20 68 65 | 72 65 3a 20 20 74 68 65 |thing he|re: the|
|00002c00| 0a 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | 68 74 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 |.copyrig|ht owner|
|00002c10| 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 65 72 73 6f 6e 20 6f | is the |person o|
|00002c20| 72 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e | 79 20 77 68 6f 73 65 20 |r compan|y whose |
|00002c30| 6e 61 6d 65 0a 61 70 70 | 65 61 72 73 20 69 6e 20 |name.app|ears in |
|00002c40| 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 79 | 72 69 67 68 74 20 6e 6f |the copy|right no|
|00002c50| 74 69 63 65 20 6f 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 62 6f 78 2c |tice on |the box,|
|00002c60| 20 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 64 69 73 6b 0a 6f 72 20 | or the |disk.or |
|00002c70| 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 | 74 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e |the firs|t screen|
|00002c80| 20 6f 72 20 77 68 65 72 | 65 76 65 72 2e 20 20 49 | or wher|ever. I|
|00002c90| 74 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 72 |t may be| the per|
|00002ca0| 73 6f 6e 0a 77 68 6f 20 | 77 72 6f 74 65 20 74 68 |son.who |wrote th|
|00002cb0| 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 2c 20 6f 72 20 69 74 |e progra|m, or it|
|00002cc0| 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | 68 69 73 20 62 6f 73 73 | may be |his boss|
|00002cd0| 2c 20 6f 72 20 69 74 20 | 6d 61 79 0a 62 65 20 61 |, or it |may.be a|
|00002ce0| 20 70 75 62 6c 69 73 68 | 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 6d 70 | publish|ing comp|
|00002cf0| 61 6e 79 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 62 6f 75 67 68 74 20 |any that| bought |
|00002d00| 74 68 65 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 73 20 74 6f 20 74 68 |the righ|ts to th|
|00002d10| 65 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 2e 20 20 42 75 74 20 |e.progra|m. But |
|00002d20| 69 6e 20 61 6e 79 20 63 | 61 73 65 2c 20 69 74 27 |in any c|ase, it'|
|00002d30| 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 79 6f | 75 2e 20 57 68 65 6e 20 |s not yo|u. When |
|00002d40| 79 6f 75 20 62 75 79 20 | 61 0a 63 6f 70 79 20 6f |you buy |a.copy o|
|00002d50| 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 2c 20 79 |f the pr|ogram, y|
|00002d60| 6f 75 20 64 6f 20 6e 6f | 74 20 62 65 63 6f 6d 65 |ou do no|t become|
|00002d70| 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 6f | the cop|yright.o|
|00002d80| 77 6e 65 72 2e 20 20 59 | 6f 75 20 6a 75 73 74 20 |wner. Y|ou just |
|00002d90| 6f 77 6e 20 6f 6e 65 20 | 63 6f 70 79 2e 29 0a 2e |own one |copy.)..|
|00002da0| 70 67 0a 41 6e 79 77 61 | 79 2c 20 6c 6f 61 64 69 |pg.Anywa|y, loadi|
|00002db0| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 |ng the p|rogram i|
|00002dc0| 6e 74 6f 20 52 41 4d 20 | 6d 65 61 6e 73 0a 6d 61 |nto RAM |means.ma|
|00002dd0| 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 20 63 | 6f 70 79 2e 20 20 54 68 |king a c|opy. Th|
|00002de0| 65 20 53 6f 66 74 77 61 | 72 65 20 41 63 74 20 6f |e Softwa|re Act o|
|00002df0| 66 20 31 39 38 30 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 65 64 |f 1980 a|ddressed|
|00002e00| 20 74 68 69 73 0a 61 62 | 73 75 72 64 69 74 79 20 | this.ab|surdity |
|00002e10| 62 79 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 | 69 6e 67 20 79 6f 75 20 |by allow|ing you |
|00002e20| 74 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 | 61 20 63 6f 70 79 20 69 |to make |a copy i|
|00002e30| 66 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f | 70 79 20 5c 2a 28 6c 71 |f the co|py \*(lq|
|00002e40| 69 73 0a 63 72 65 61 74 | 65 64 20 61 73 20 61 6e |is.creat|ed as an|
|00002e50| 20 65 73 73 65 6e 74 69 | 61 6c 20 73 74 65 70 20 | essenti|al step |
|00002e60| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 75 | 74 69 6c 69 7a 61 74 69 |in the u|tilizati|
|00002e70| 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 0a 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 |on of th|e.comput|
|00002e80| 65 72 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 20 69 6e 20 63 6f |er progr|am in co|
|00002e90| 6e 6a 75 6e 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 |njunctio|n with a|
|00002ea0| 20 6d 61 63 68 69 6e 65 | 20 61 6e 64 20 2e 2e 2e | machine| and ...|
|00002eb0| 0a 69 73 20 75 73 65 64 | 20 69 6e 20 6e 6f 20 6f |.is used| in no o|
|00002ec0| 74 68 65 72 20 6d 61 6e | 6e 65 72 20 2e 2e 2e 2e |ther man|ner ....|
|00002ed0| 5c 2a 28 72 71 20 20 42 | 79 20 74 68 65 20 77 61 |\*(rq B|y the wa|
|00002ee0| 79 2c 0a 73 6f 6d 65 62 | 6f 64 79 20 74 65 6c 6c |y,.someb|ody tell|
|00002ef0| 20 6d 65 20 77 68 61 74 | 20 0a 2e 69 20 22 61 20 | me what| ..i "a |
|00002f00| 6d 61 63 68 69 6e 65 22 | 0a 6d 65 61 6e 73 2e 20 |machine"|.means. |
|00002f10| 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 | 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 0a | If you |connect.|
|00002f20| 35 20 50 43 27 73 20 6f | 6e 20 61 20 6e 65 74 77 |5 PC's o|n a netw|
|00002f30| 6f 72 6b 20 69 73 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 0a 2e 69 20 |ork is t|hat ..i |
|00002f40| 22 61 20 6d 61 63 68 69 | 6e 65 22 0a 6f 72 0a 2e |"a machi|ne".or..|
|00002f50| 69 20 22 73 65 76 65 72 | 61 6c 20 6d 61 63 68 69 |i "sever|al machi|
|00002f60| 6e 65 73 22 20 3f 0a 41 | 20 72 65 6c 61 74 65 64 |nes" ?.A| related|
|00002f70| 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | 6e 20 69 73 20 77 68 65 | questio|n is whe|
|00002f80| 74 68 65 72 20 6f 72 20 | 6e 6f 74 20 72 75 6e 6e |ther or |not runn|
|00002f90| 69 6e 67 0a 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 20 6f 6e 20 |ing.soft|ware on |
|00002fa0| 61 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 63 6f 6e 73 74 69 |a networ|k consti|
|00002fb0| 74 75 74 65 73 20 61 20 | 70 65 72 66 6f 72 6d 61 |tutes a |performa|
|00002fc0| 6e 63 65 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 0a 63 6f 70 79 72 69 |nce. Th|e.copyri|
|00002fd0| 67 68 74 20 6f 77 6e 65 | 72 20 68 61 73 20 74 68 |ght owne|r has th|
|00002fe0| 65 20 65 78 63 6c 75 73 | 69 76 65 20 72 69 67 68 |e exclus|ive righ|
|00002ff0| 74 20 74 6f 20 64 6f 20 | 74 68 61 74 2c 0a 72 65 |t to do |that,.re|
|00003000| 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 3f 0a | 2e 68 6e 20 32 0a 43 61 |member?.|.hn 2.Ca|
|00003010| 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 61 | 6b 65 20 61 20 62 61 63 |n you ma|ke a bac|
|00003020| 6b 75 70 20 63 6f 70 79 | 3f 0a 2e 70 67 0a 4f 4b |kup copy|?..pg.OK|
|00003030| 2c 20 73 6f 20 79 6f 75 | 20 62 6f 75 67 68 74 20 |, so you| bought |
|00003040| 74 68 69 73 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 65 64 |this cop|yrighted|
|00003050| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 0a 61 6e 64 20 79 6f 75 | program|.and you|
|00003060| 20 6c 6f 61 64 65 64 20 | 69 74 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 | loaded |it into |
|00003070| 52 41 4d 20 6f 72 20 6f | 6e 74 6f 20 61 20 68 61 |RAM or o|nto a ha|
|00003080| 72 64 20 64 69 73 6b 20 | 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 0a |rd disk |without.|
|00003090| 74 68 65 20 46 42 49 20 | 6b 6e 6f 63 6b 69 6e 67 |the FBI |knocking|
|000030a0| 20 6f 6e 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 64 6f 6f 72 2e 20 20 | on your| door. |
|000030b0| 4e 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 79 6f 75 20 6d 61 6b 65 |Now can |you make|
|000030c0| 20 61 0a 62 61 63 6b 75 | 70 20 63 6f 70 79 3f 20 | a.backu|p copy? |
|000030d0| 0a 2e 62 20 59 45 53 20 | 2e 0a 54 68 65 20 53 6f |..b YES |..The So|
|000030e0| 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 41 | 63 74 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 |ftware A|ct also |
|000030f0| 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64 | 20 74 68 61 74 0a 79 6f |provided| that.yo|
|00003100| 75 20 63 61 6e 20 6d 61 | 6b 65 20 61 20 62 61 63 |u can ma|ke a bac|
|00003110| 6b 75 70 20 63 6f 70 79 | 2c 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 |kup copy|, provid|
|00003120| 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 69 74 20 5c 2a 28 6c 71 |ed that |it \*(lq|
|00003130| 69 73 20 66 6f 72 0a 61 | 72 63 68 69 76 61 6c 20 |is for.a|rchival |
|00003140| 70 75 72 70 6f 73 65 73 | 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 2e 2e |purposes| only ..|
|00003150| 2e 2e 5c 2a 28 72 71 20 | 20 57 68 61 74 20 79 6f |..\*(rq | What yo|
|00003160| 75 20 63 61 6e 6e 6f 74 | 20 64 6f 2c 0a 68 6f 77 |u cannot| do,.how|
|00003170| 65 76 65 72 2c 20 69 73 | 20 67 69 76 65 20 74 68 |ever, is| give th|
|00003180| 65 20 61 72 63 68 69 76 | 65 20 63 6f 70 79 20 74 |e archiv|e copy t|
|00003190| 6f 20 79 6f 75 72 20 66 | 72 69 65 6e 64 20 73 6f |o your f|riend so|
|000031a0| 20 74 68 61 74 0a 79 6f | 75 20 61 6e 64 20 79 6f | that.yo|u and yo|
|000031b0| 75 72 20 70 61 6c 20 62 | 6f 74 68 20 67 6f 74 20 |ur pal b|oth got |
|000031c0| 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 20 66 6f 72 20 |the prog|ram for |
|000031d0| 74 68 65 20 70 72 69 63 | 65 20 6f 66 0a 6f 6e 65 |the pric|e of.one|
|000031e0| 2e 20 20 54 68 61 74 20 | 76 69 6f 6c 61 74 65 73 |. That |violates|
|000031f0| 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6f | the cop|yright o|
|00003200| 77 6e 65 72 27 73 20 65 | 78 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 |wner's e|xclusive|
|00003210| 0a 72 69 67 68 74 20 74 | 6f 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 |.right t|o distri|
|00003220| 62 75 74 65 20 63 6f 70 | 69 65 73 20 74 6f 20 74 |bute cop|ies to t|
|00003230| 68 65 20 70 75 62 6c 69 | 63 2e 20 20 47 65 74 20 |he publi|c. Get |
|00003240| 69 74 3f 20 20 59 6f 75 | 0a 63 61 6e 2c 20 6f 6e |it? You|.can, on|
|00003250| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 68 | 65 72 20 68 61 6e 64 2c | the oth|er hand,|
|00003260| 20 67 69 76 65 20 62 6f | 74 68 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | give bo|th your |
|00003270| 6f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 6c | 20 61 6e 64 0a 62 61 63 |original| and.bac|
|00003280| 6b 75 70 20 74 6f 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 66 72 69 65 |kup to y|our frie|
|00003290| 6e 64 20 2d 2d 20 6f 72 | 20 73 65 6c 6c 20 69 74 |nd -- or| sell it|
|000032a0| 20 74 6f 20 68 69 6d 2c | 20 6f 72 20 6c 65 6e 64 | to him,| or lend|
|000032b0| 20 69 74 0a 74 6f 20 68 | 69 6d 2c 20 61 73 20 6c | it.to h|im, as l|
|000032c0| 6f 6e 67 20 61 73 20 79 | 6f 75 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 |ong as y|ou don't|
|000032d0| 20 72 65 74 61 69 6e 20 | 61 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6f | retain |a copy o|
|000032e0| 66 20 74 68 65 0a 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 79 6f |f the.pr|ogram yo|
|000032f0| 75 20 61 72 65 20 73 65 | 6c 6c 69 6e 67 2e 20 20 |u are se|lling. |
|00003300| 41 6c 74 68 6f 75 67 68 | 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 |Although| the cop|
|00003310| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6f | 77 6e 65 72 0a 68 61 73 |yright o|wner.has|
|00003320| 20 74 68 65 20 65 78 63 | 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 72 | the exc|lusive r|
|00003330| 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 | 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 |ight to |distribu|
|00003340| 74 65 20 28 73 65 6c 6c | 29 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 |te (sell|) copies|
|00003350| 20 6f 66 0a 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2c | of.the |program,|
|00003360| 20 74 68 61 74 20 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 6f 6e 6c 79 | that ri|ght only|
|00003370| 20 61 70 70 6c 69 65 73 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 | applies| to the |
|00003380| 66 69 72 73 74 20 73 61 | 6c 65 0a 6f 66 20 61 6e |first sa|le.of an|
|00003390| 79 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 | 75 6c 61 72 20 63 6f 70 |y partic|ular cop|
|000033a0| 79 2e 20 20 42 79 20 61 | 6e 61 6c 6f 67 79 2c 20 |y. By a|nalogy, |
|000033b0| 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 62 | 75 79 20 61 0a 63 6f 70 |if you b|uy a.cop|
|000033c0| 79 72 69 67 68 74 65 64 | 20 62 6f 6f 6b 2c 20 79 |yrighted| book, y|
|000033d0| 6f 75 20 61 72 65 20 66 | 72 65 65 20 74 6f 20 73 |ou are f|ree to s|
|000033e0| 65 6c 6c 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 62 6f 6f 6b 20 74 6f |ell your| book to|
|000033f0| 20 61 0a 66 72 69 65 6e | 64 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | a.frien|d. The |
|00003400| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 20 |copyrigh|t owner |
|00003410| 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 68 |does not| have th|
|00003420| 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 20 | 74 6f 0a 63 6f 6e 74 72 |e right |to.contr|
|00003430| 6f 6c 20 72 65 73 61 6c | 65 73 2e 20 20 0a 2e 68 |ol resal|es. ..h|
|00003440| 6e 20 32 0a 4c 69 63 65 | 6e 73 65 73 20 6d 61 79 |n 2.Lice|nses may|
|00003450| 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 72 75 6c 65 | change |the rule|
|00003460| 73 0a 2e 70 67 0a 41 74 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 70 6f |s..pg.At| this po|
|00003470| 69 6e 74 2c 20 6c 65 74 | 20 6d 65 20 72 65 6d 69 |int, let| me remi|
|00003480| 6e 64 20 79 6f 75 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 77 65 20 68 |nd you t|hat we h|
|00003490| 61 76 65 0a 61 73 73 75 | 6d 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 |ave.assu|med that|
|000034a0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 20 79 6f 75 | the pro|gram you|
|000034b0| 20 67 6f 74 20 61 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 6f 72 | got at |the stor|
|000034c0| 65 20 77 61 73 20 73 6f | 6c 64 0a 74 6f 20 79 6f |e was so|ld.to yo|
|000034d0| 75 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 6c | 69 63 65 6e 73 65 64 20 |u, not l|icensed |
|000034e0| 74 6f 20 79 6f 75 2e 20 | 20 4c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 |to you. | License|
|000034f0| 73 20 6d 61 79 20 63 68 | 61 6e 67 65 20 74 68 65 |s may ch|ange the|
|00003500| 0a 72 75 6c 65 73 2e 0a | 2e 68 6e 20 32 0a 43 61 |.rules..|.hn 2.Ca|
|00003510| 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 6f | 64 69 66 79 20 74 68 65 |n you mo|dify the|
|00003520| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 3f 0a 2e 70 67 0a 4e 6f | program|?..pg.No|
|00003530| 77 2c 20 79 6f 75 27 72 | 65 20 61 20 63 6c 65 76 |w, you'r|e a clev|
|00003540| 65 72 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 6d 65 72 2c 20 61 |er progr|ammer, a|
|00003550| 6e 64 20 79 6f 75 20 6b | 6e 6f 77 0a 74 68 65 20 |nd you k|now.the |
|00003560| 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 | 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 75 |program |could ru|
|00003570| 6e 20 66 61 73 74 65 72 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 73 6f |n faster| with so|
|00003580| 6d 65 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 | 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 |me modif|ications|
|00003590| 2e 20 0a 59 6f 75 20 63 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 61 6c 73 |. .You c|ould als|
|000035a0| 6f 20 61 64 64 20 67 72 | 61 70 68 69 63 73 20 61 |o add gr|aphics a|
|000035b0| 6e 64 20 61 6e 20 69 6e | 74 65 72 61 63 74 69 76 |nd an in|teractiv|
|000035c0| 65 20 6d 6f 64 65 20 61 | 6e 64 0a 6c 6f 74 73 20 |e mode a|nd.lots |
|000035d0| 6f 66 20 6f 74 68 65 72 | 20 73 74 75 66 66 2e 20 |of other| stuff. |
|000035e0| 20 57 68 61 74 20 64 6f | 65 73 20 63 6f 70 79 72 | What do|es copyr|
|000035f0| 69 67 68 74 20 6c 61 77 | 20 73 61 79 20 61 62 6f |ight law| say abo|
|00003600| 75 74 0a 79 6f 75 72 20 | 70 6c 61 6e 73 3f 20 20 |ut.your |plans? |
|00003610| 57 65 6c 6c 20 2e 2e 2e | 20 73 65 76 65 72 61 6c |Well ...| several|
|00003620| 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 | 6e 74 20 74 68 69 6e 67 | differe|nt thing|
|00003630| 73 2c 0a 61 63 74 75 61 | 6c 6c 79 2e 20 20 46 69 |s,.actua|lly. Fi|
|00003640| 72 73 74 2c 20 72 65 63 | 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 61 74 |rst, rec|all that|
|00003650| 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6f | the cop|yright o|
|00003660| 77 6e 65 72 20 68 61 73 | 0a 74 68 65 20 65 78 63 |wner has|.the exc|
|00003670| 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 72 | 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 |lusive r|ight to |
|00003680| 6d 61 6b 65 20 64 65 72 | 69 76 61 74 69 76 65 20 |make der|ivative |
|00003690| 77 6f 72 6b 73 2e 20 20 | 41 0a 64 65 72 69 76 61 |works. |A.deriva|
|000036a0| 74 69 76 65 20 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 69 73 20 61 20 77 |tive wor|k is a w|
|000036b0| 6f 72 6b 20 62 61 73 65 | 64 20 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 65 |ork base|d on one|
|000036c0| 20 6f 72 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 0a 70 72 65 65 78 69 73 | or more|.preexis|
|000036d0| 74 69 6e 67 20 77 6f 72 | 6b 73 2e 20 20 49 74 27 |ting wor|ks. It'|
|000036e0| 73 20 65 61 73 79 20 74 | 6f 20 72 65 63 6f 67 6e |s easy t|o recogn|
|000036f0| 69 7a 65 20 64 65 72 69 | 76 61 74 69 76 65 0a 77 |ize deri|vative.w|
|00003700| 6f 72 6b 73 20 77 68 65 | 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 74 68 |orks whe|n you th|
|00003710| 69 6e 6b 20 61 62 6f 75 | 74 20 6d 75 73 69 63 20 |ink abou|t music |
|00003720| 6f 72 20 62 6f 6f 6b 73 | 2e 20 20 49 66 20 61 20 |or books|. If a |
|00003730| 62 6f 6f 6b 20 69 73 0a | 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 |book is.|copyrigh|
|00003740| 74 65 64 2c 20 64 65 72 | 69 76 61 74 69 76 65 20 |ted, der|ivative |
|00003750| 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 63 6f | 75 6c 64 20 69 6e 63 6c |works co|uld incl|
|00003760| 75 64 65 20 61 0a 73 63 | 72 65 65 6e 70 6c 61 79 |ude a.sc|reenplay|
|00003770| 2c 20 61 6e 20 61 62 72 | 69 64 67 65 64 20 65 64 |, an abr|idged ed|
|00003780| 69 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 6f | 72 20 61 20 74 72 61 6e |ition, o|r a tran|
|00003790| 73 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 74 6f 0a 61 6e 6f |slation |into.ano|
|000037a0| 74 68 65 72 20 6c 61 6e | 67 75 61 67 65 2e 20 20 |ther lan|guage. |
|000037b0| 44 65 72 69 76 61 74 69 | 76 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 |Derivati|ve works|
|000037c0| 20 6f 66 20 73 6f 6e 67 | 73 20 6d 69 67 68 74 20 | of song|s might |
|000037d0| 62 65 0a 6e 65 77 20 61 | 72 72 61 6e 67 65 6d 65 |be.new a|rrangeme|
|000037e0| 6e 74 73 20 28 6c 69 6b | 65 20 74 68 65 20 6a 61 |nts (lik|e the ja|
|000037f0| 7a 7a 20 76 65 72 73 69 | 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 4c 6f |zz versi|on of Lo|
|00003800| 76 65 20 50 6f 74 69 6f | 6e 0a 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 |ve Potio|n.Number|
|00003810| 20 39 29 2c 20 61 20 6d | 6f 76 69 65 20 73 6f 75 | 9), a m|ovie sou|
|00003820| 6e 64 74 72 61 63 6b 2c | 20 6f 72 20 61 20 77 72 |ndtrack,| or a wr|
|00003830| 69 74 74 65 6e 0a 74 72 | 61 6e 73 63 72 69 70 74 |itten.tr|anscript|
|00003840| 69 6f 6e 2c 20 6f 72 20 | 61 20 0a 2e 69 20 22 6c |ion, or |a ..i "l|
|00003850| 6f 6e 67 20 76 65 72 73 | 69 6f 6e 22 20 2c 0a 28 |ong vers|ion" ,.(|
|00003860| 73 75 63 68 20 61 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 69 66 74 |such as |the fift|
|00003870| 65 65 6e 20 6d 69 6e 75 | 74 65 20 76 65 72 73 69 |een minu|te versi|
|00003880| 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 5c 2a | 28 6c 71 57 69 70 65 20 |on of \*|(lqWipe |
|00003890| 4f 75 74 5c 2a 28 72 71 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 6e |Out\*(rq| with an|
|000038a0| 20 65 78 74 65 6e 64 65 | 64 0a 64 72 75 6d 20 73 | extende|d.drum s|
|000038b0| 6f 6c 6f 20 66 6f 72 20 | 64 61 6e 63 65 20 70 61 |olo for |dance pa|
|000038c0| 72 74 69 65 73 29 2e 20 | 20 49 6e 20 6d 79 20 6f |rties). | In my o|
|000038d0| 70 69 6e 69 6f 6e 2c 20 | 79 6f 75 20 61 72 65 20 |pinion, |you are |
|000038e0| 6d 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 | 0a 64 65 72 69 76 61 74 |making a|.derivat|
|000038f0| 69 76 65 20 77 6f 72 6b | 20 77 68 65 6e 20 79 6f |ive work| when yo|
|00003900| 75 20 74 61 6b 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 74 6f 72 65 |u take t|he store|
|00003910| 2d 62 6f 75 67 68 74 20 | 77 6f 72 64 0a 70 72 6f |-bought |word.pro|
|00003920| 63 65 73 73 6f 72 20 61 | 6e 64 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 |cessor a|nd modif|
|00003930| 79 20 69 74 20 74 6f 20 | 70 65 72 66 6f 72 6d 20 |y it to |perform |
|00003940| 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e | 74 6c 79 2e 20 20 54 68 |differen|tly. Th|
|00003950| 65 0a 73 61 6d 65 20 77 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 |e.same w|ould be |
|00003960| 74 72 75 65 20 69 66 20 | 79 6f 75 20 0a 2e 69 20 |true if |you ..i |
|00003970| 74 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 | 65 64 0a 61 20 43 4f 42 |translat|ed.a COB|
|00003980| 4f 4c 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 0a 69 6e 74 6f 20 |OL progr|am.into |
|00003990| 42 41 53 49 43 2e 20 20 | 54 68 6f 73 65 20 61 72 |BASIC. |Those ar|
|000039a0| 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 69 6e 66 72 |e copyri|ght infr|
|000039b0| 69 6e 67 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 73 20 2d 2d 20 79 6f 75 |ingement|s -- you|
|000039c0| 27 76 65 0a 68 6f 72 6e | 65 64 20 69 6e 20 6f 6e |'ve.horn|ed in on|
|000039d0| 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6f | the cop|yright o|
|000039e0| 77 6e 65 72 27 73 20 65 | 78 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 |wner's e|xclusive|
|000039f0| 20 72 69 67 68 74 20 74 | 6f 0a 6d 61 6b 65 20 64 | right t|o.make d|
|00003a00| 65 72 69 76 61 74 69 76 | 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 2e |erivativ|e works.|
|00003a10| 20 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 | 69 73 2c 20 68 6f 77 65 | There |is, howe|
|00003a20| 76 65 72 2c 20 73 6f 6d | 65 0a 62 72 65 61 74 68 |ver, som|e.breath|
|00003a30| 69 6e 67 20 72 6f 6f 6d | 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 53 |ing room|. The S|
|00003a40| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 | 41 63 74 20 67 65 6e 65 |oftware |Act gene|
|00003a50| 72 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 61 | 6c 6c 6f 77 73 20 79 6f |rously a|llows yo|
|00003a60| 75 0a 74 6f 20 0a 2e 69 | 20 61 64 61 70 74 0a 74 |u.to ..i| adapt.t|
|00003a70| 68 65 20 63 6f 64 65 20 | 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 61 |he code |if the a|
|00003a80| 64 61 70 74 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 5c 2a 28 6c 71 69 |daptatio|n \*(lqi|
|00003a90| 73 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 | 64 20 61 73 20 61 6e 0a |s create|d as an.|
|00003aa0| 65 73 73 65 6e 74 69 61 | 6c 20 73 74 65 70 20 69 |essentia|l step i|
|00003ab0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 75 74 | 69 6c 69 7a 61 74 69 6f |n the ut|ilizatio|
|00003ac0| 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 |n of the| compute|
|00003ad0| 72 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 20 69 6e 20 63 6f 6e |r.progra|m in con|
|00003ae0| 6a 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e | 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 |junction| with a |
|00003af0| 6d 61 63 68 69 6e 65 20 | 2e 2e 2e 2e 5c 2a 28 72 |machine |....\*(r|
|00003b00| 71 20 20 46 6f 72 0a 65 | 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 |q For.e|xample, |
|00003b10| 79 6f 75 20 6d 69 67 68 | 74 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 |you migh|t have t|
|00003b20| 6f 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 79 | 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 64 |o modify| the cod|
|00003b30| 65 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 6b | 65 20 69 74 0a 63 6f 6d |e to mak|e it.com|
|00003b40| 70 61 74 69 62 6c 65 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 79 6f 75 |patible |with you|
|00003b50| 72 20 6d 61 63 68 69 6e | 65 2e 0a 2e 68 6e 20 32 |r machin|e...hn 2|
|00003b60| 0a 43 61 6e 20 79 6f 75 | 20 62 72 65 61 6b 20 74 |.Can you| break t|
|00003b70| 68 65 20 63 6f 70 79 20 | 70 72 6f 74 65 63 74 69 |he copy |protecti|
|00003b80| 6f 6e 20 73 63 68 65 6d | 65 3f 0a 2e 70 67 0a 4d |on schem|e?..pg.M|
|00003b90| 6f 76 69 6e 67 20 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 61 6c 6f 6e |oving ri|ght alon|
|00003ba0| 67 2c 20 6c 65 74 27 73 | 20 61 73 73 75 6d 65 20 |g, let's| assume |
|00003bb0| 79 6f 75 72 20 73 74 6f | 72 65 0a 62 6f 75 67 68 |your sto|re.bough|
|00003bc0| 74 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 20 69 73 20 63 6f 70 |t progra|m is cop|
|00003bd0| 79 20 70 72 6f 74 65 63 | 74 65 64 2c 20 61 6e 64 |y protec|ted, and|
|00003be0| 20 79 6f 75 27 64 20 72 | 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 6c 69 | you'd r|eally li|
|00003bf0| 6b 65 0a 74 6f 20 6d 61 | 6b 65 20 61 20 62 61 63 |ke.to ma|ke a bac|
|00003c00| 6b 75 70 20 63 6f 70 79 | 2e 20 20 59 6f 75 20 6b |kup copy|. You k|
|00003c10| 6e 6f 77 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 6e 69 6e 65 2d 79 65 |now this| nine-ye|
|00003c20| 61 72 2d 6f 6c 64 20 77 | 68 69 7a 0a 77 68 6f 20 |ar-old w|hiz.who |
|00003c30| 63 61 6e 20 63 72 61 63 | 6b 20 61 6e 79 20 63 6f |can crac|k any co|
|00003c40| 70 79 2d 70 72 6f 74 65 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 63 |py-prote|ction sc|
|00003c50| 68 65 6d 65 20 66 61 73 | 74 65 72 20 74 68 61 6e |heme fas|ter than|
|00003c60| 20 79 6f 75 0a 63 61 6e | 20 72 65 61 72 72 61 6e | you.can| rearran|
|00003c70| 67 65 20 61 20 52 75 62 | 69 78 20 63 75 62 65 2e |ge a Rub|ix cube.|
|00003c80| 20 20 49 73 20 74 68 65 | 72 65 20 61 20 63 6f 70 | Is the|re a cop|
|00003c90| 79 72 69 67 68 74 0a 76 | 69 6f 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e |yright.v|iolation|
|00003ca0| 20 69 66 20 68 65 20 73 | 75 63 63 65 65 64 73 3f | if he s|ucceeds?|
|00003cb0| 20 20 54 68 65 72 65 27 | 73 20 72 6f 6f 6d 20 74 | There'|s room t|
|00003cc0| 6f 20 61 72 67 75 65 20 | 68 65 72 65 2e 20 0a 57 |o argue |here. .W|
|00003cd0| 68 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 | 74 72 79 20 74 6f 20 66 |hen you |try to f|
|00003ce0| 69 67 75 72 65 20 6f 75 | 74 20 69 66 20 73 6f 6d |igure ou|t if som|
|00003cf0| 65 74 68 69 6e 67 20 69 | 73 20 61 6e 0a 69 6e 66 |ething i|s an.inf|
|00003d00| 72 69 6e 67 65 6d 65 6e | 74 2c 20 61 73 6b 20 79 |ringemen|t, ask y|
|00003d10| 6f 75 72 73 65 6c 66 2c | 20 77 68 61 74 20 65 78 |ourself,| what ex|
|00003d20| 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 | 72 69 67 68 74 20 61 6d |clusive |right am|
|00003d30| 20 49 0a 76 69 6f 6c 61 | 74 69 6e 67 3f 20 20 49 | I.viola|ting? I|
|00003d40| 6e 20 74 68 69 73 20 63 | 61 73 65 2c 20 6e 6f 74 |n this c|ase, not|
|00003d50| 20 74 68 65 20 72 69 67 | 68 74 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 | the rig|ht to ma|
|00003d60| 6b 65 20 63 6f 70 69 65 | 73 2c 0a 61 6e 64 20 6e |ke copie|s,.and n|
|00003d70| 6f 74 20 74 68 65 20 72 | 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 |ot the r|ight to |
|00003d80| 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 | 74 65 20 63 6f 70 69 65 |distribu|te copie|
|00003d90| 73 2e 20 20 50 75 62 6c | 69 63 0a 70 65 72 66 6f |s. Publ|ic.perfo|
|00003da0| 72 6d 61 6e 63 65 20 61 | 6e 64 20 64 69 73 70 6c |rmance a|nd displ|
|00003db0| 61 79 20 68 61 76 65 20 | 6e 6f 20 72 65 6c 65 76 |ay have |no relev|
|00003dc0| 61 6e 63 65 2e 20 20 53 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6b 65 |ance. S|o the ke|
|00003dd0| 79 0a 71 75 65 73 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 77 68 |y.questi|on is wh|
|00003de0| 65 74 68 65 72 20 79 6f | 75 20 61 72 65 20 6d 61 |ether yo|u are ma|
|00003df0| 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 20 0a | 2e 69 20 22 64 65 72 69 |king a .|.i "deri|
|00003e00| 76 61 74 69 76 65 20 77 | 6f 72 6b 22 20 2e 0a 4d |vative w|ork" ..M|
|00003e10| 79 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 61 74 |y answer| to that|
|00003e20| 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | 6e 20 69 73 2c 20 5c 2a | questio|n is, \*|
|00003e30| 28 6c 71 49 20 64 6f 75 | 62 74 20 69 74 2e 5c 2a |(lqI dou|bt it.\*|
|00003e40| 28 72 71 20 20 4f 6e 20 | 74 68 65 0a 6f 74 68 65 |(rq On |the.othe|
|00003e50| 72 20 68 61 6e 64 2c 20 | 49 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 64 |r hand, |I also d|
|00003e60| 6f 75 62 74 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 62 72 65 61 6b 69 |oubt tha|t breaki|
|00003e70| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 72 6f 74 65 63 74 69 6f |ng the p|rotectio|
|00003e80| 6e 0a 73 63 68 65 6d 65 | 20 77 61 73 20 5c 2a 28 |n.scheme| was \*(|
|00003e90| 6c 71 61 6e 20 65 73 73 | 65 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 73 |lqan ess|ential s|
|00003ea0| 74 65 70 5c 2a 28 72 71 | 20 69 6e 20 75 73 69 6e |tep\*(rq| in usin|
|00003eb0| 67 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 6e |g the pr|ogram in|
|00003ec0| 0a 63 6f 6e 6a 75 6e 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 74 |.conjunc|tion wit|
|00003ed0| 68 20 61 20 6d 61 63 68 | 69 6e 65 2e 20 20 49 74 |h a mach|ine. It|
|00003ee0| 20 6d 69 67 68 74 20 62 | 65 20 61 20 5c 2a 28 6c | might b|e a \*(l|
|00003ef0| 71 66 61 69 72 20 75 73 | 65 2c 5c 2a 28 72 71 0a |qfair us|e,\*(rq.|
|00003f00| 62 75 74 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 68 61 |but that| will ha|
|00003f10| 76 65 20 74 6f 20 77 61 | 69 74 20 66 6f 72 20 61 |ve to wa|it for a|
|00003f20| 6e 6f 74 68 65 72 20 61 | 72 74 69 63 6c 65 2e 20 |nother a|rticle. |
|00003f30| 20 41 6e 79 6f 6e 65 0a | 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 | Anyone.|interest|
|00003f40| 65 64 20 69 6e 20 73 74 | 72 65 74 63 68 69 6e 67 |ed in st|retching|
|00003f50| 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 6d | 69 74 73 20 6f 66 20 74 | the lim|its of t|
|00003f60| 68 65 20 5c 2a 28 6c 71 | 66 61 69 72 20 75 73 65 |he \*(lq|fair use|
|00003f70| 5c 2a 28 72 71 0a 64 65 | 66 65 6e 73 65 20 73 68 |\*(rq.de|fense sh|
|00003f80| 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 65 61 | 64 20 74 68 65 20 53 6f |ould rea|d the So|
|00003f90| 6e 79 20 0a 2e 69 20 42 | 65 74 61 6d 61 78 0a 63 |ny ..i B|etamax.c|
|00003fa0| 61 73 65 2e 0a 2e 68 6e | 20 32 0a 53 75 6d 6d 61 |ase...hn| 2.Summa|
|00003fb0| 72 79 0a 2e 70 67 0a 4c | 65 74 20 6d 65 20 73 75 |ry..pg.L|et me su|
|00003fc0| 6d 6d 61 72 69 7a 65 2e | 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |mmarize.| Copyrig|
|00003fd0| 68 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 | 20 74 68 65 0a 63 6f 70 |ht means| the.cop|
|00003fe0| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6f | 77 6e 65 72 20 68 61 73 |yright o|wner has|
|00003ff0| 20 74 68 65 20 65 78 63 | 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 72 | the exc|lusive r|
|00004000| 69 67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 | 64 6f 20 63 65 72 74 61 |ight to |do certa|
|00004010| 69 6e 0a 74 68 69 6e 67 | 73 2e 20 43 6f 70 79 72 |in.thing|s. Copyr|
|00004020| 69 67 68 74 20 69 6e 66 | 72 69 6e 67 65 6d 65 6e |ight inf|ringemen|
|00004030| 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 | 79 6f 75 20 64 69 64 20 |t means |you did |
|00004040| 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 0a 74 | 68 6f 73 65 20 65 78 63 |one of.t|hose exc|
|00004050| 6c 75 73 69 76 65 20 74 | 68 69 6e 67 73 20 28 75 |lusive t|hings (u|
|00004060| 6e 6c 65 73 73 20 79 6f | 75 20 64 69 64 20 69 74 |nless yo|u did it|
|00004070| 20 77 69 74 68 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 0a 6c 69 6d 69 | within |the.limi|
|00004080| 74 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 53 6f 66 74 77 61 |ts of th|e Softwa|
|00004090| 72 65 20 41 63 74 2c 20 | 69 2e 65 2e 2c 20 61 73 |re Act, |i.e., as|
|000040a0| 20 61 6e 20 65 73 73 65 | 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 73 74 | an esse|ntial st|
|000040b0| 65 70 20 2e 2e 2e 2e 29 | 2e 0a 2e 68 6e 20 31 0a |ep ....)|...hn 1.|
|000040c0| 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 53 6f 75 6e 64 73 |Copyrigh|t Sounds|
|000040d0| 20 4e 65 61 74 20 2d 2d | 20 48 6f 77 20 44 6f 20 | Neat --| How Do |
|000040e0| 49 20 47 65 74 20 4f 6e | 65 3f 20 20 4f 72 2c 20 |I Get On|e? Or, |
|000040f0| 48 6f 77 20 44 6f 20 49 | 20 4b 6e 6f 77 20 69 66 |How Do I| Know if|
|00004100| 20 74 68 69 73 20 50 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 73 | this Pr|ogram is|
|00004110| 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | 68 74 65 64 3f 0a 2e 68 | Copyrig|hted?..h|
|00004120| 6e 20 32 0a 48 6f 77 20 | 64 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 67 |n 2.How |do you g|
|00004130| 65 74 20 61 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 3f 0a |et a cop|yright?.|
|00004140| 2e 70 67 0a 49 66 20 79 | 6f 75 27 76 65 20 77 72 |.pg.If y|ou've wr|
|00004150| 69 74 74 65 6e 20 61 6e | 20 6f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 |itten an| origina|
|00004160| 6c 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 2c 20 77 68 61 74 20 |l progra|m, what |
|00004170| 64 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 68 | 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 64 |do you h|ave to d|
|00004180| 6f 20 74 6f 20 67 65 74 | 20 61 0a 63 6f 70 79 72 |o to get| a.copyr|
|00004190| 69 67 68 74 3f 20 4e 6f | 74 68 69 6e 67 2e 20 59 |ight? No|thing. Y|
|000041a0| 6f 75 20 61 6c 72 65 61 | 64 79 20 68 61 76 65 20 |ou alrea|dy have |
|000041b0| 6f 6e 65 2e 0a 2e 68 6e | 20 32 0a 48 6f 77 20 64 |one...hn| 2.How d|
|000041c0| 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 6c 6f | 73 65 20 61 20 63 6f 70 |o you lo|se a cop|
|000041d0| 79 72 69 67 68 74 3f 0a | 2e 70 67 0a 49 66 20 79 |yright?.|.pg.If y|
|000041e0| 6f 75 27 76 65 20 77 72 | 69 74 74 65 6e 20 61 6e |ou've wr|itten an|
|000041f0| 20 6f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 | 6c 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | origina|l.progra|
|00004200| 6d 2c 20 77 68 61 74 20 | 64 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 68 |m, what |do you h|
|00004210| 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 64 | 6f 20 74 6f 20 6c 6f 73 |ave to d|o to los|
|00004220| 65 20 79 6f 75 72 20 63 | 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 |e your c|opyright|
|00004230| 0a 70 72 6f 74 65 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 3f 20 20 47 69 |.protect|ion? Gi|
|00004240| 76 65 20 63 6f 70 69 65 | 73 20 61 77 61 79 20 77 |ve copie|s away w|
|00004250| 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 74 | 68 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 |ithout t|he copyr|
|00004260| 69 67 68 74 0a 6e 6f 74 | 69 63 65 2e 0a 2e 68 6e |ight.not|ice...hn|
|00004270| 20 32 0a 48 6f 77 20 64 | 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 77 61 | 2.How d|o you wa|
|00004280| 73 74 65 20 61 20 73 74 | 61 6d 70 3f 0a 2e 70 67 |ste a st|amp?..pg|
|00004290| 0a 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 | 6d 61 69 6c 20 74 68 65 |.If you |mail the|
|000042a0| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 20 74 6f 20 79 6f 75 72 | program| to your|
|000042b0| 73 65 6c 66 0a 69 6e 20 | 61 20 73 65 61 6c 65 64 |self.in |a sealed|
|000042c0| 20 65 6e 76 65 6c 6f 70 | 65 2c 20 77 68 61 74 20 | envelop|e, what |
|000042d0| 68 61 76 65 20 79 6f 75 | 20 61 63 63 6f 6d 70 6c |have you| accompl|
|000042e0| 69 73 68 65 64 3f 20 0a | 59 6f 75 27 76 65 20 77 |ished? .|You've w|
|000042f0| 61 73 74 65 64 20 61 20 | 73 74 61 6d 70 20 61 6e |asted a |stamp an|
|00004300| 64 20 61 6e 20 65 6e 76 | 65 6c 6f 70 65 20 61 6e |d an env|elope an|
|00004310| 64 20 62 75 72 64 65 6e | 65 64 20 74 68 65 0a 70 |d burden|ed the.p|
|00004320| 6f 73 74 61 6c 20 73 79 | 73 74 65 6d 20 75 6e 6e |ostal sy|stem unn|
|00004330| 65 63 65 73 73 61 72 69 | 6c 79 2e 0a 2e 68 6e 20 |ecessari|ly...hn |
|00004340| 32 0a 44 6f 20 79 6f 75 | 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f |2.Do you| have to|
|00004350| 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 | 72 3f 0a 2e 70 67 0a 44 | registe|r?..pg.D|
|00004360| 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 74 6f 20 72 65 |o you ha|ve to re|
|00004370| 67 69 73 74 65 72 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 70 72 6f 67 |gister y|our prog|
|00004380| 72 61 6d 0a 77 69 74 68 | 20 74 68 65 20 55 2e 53 |ram.with| the U.S|
|00004390| 2e 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 4f 66 66 69 |. Copyri|ght Offi|
|000043a0| 63 65 3f 20 20 4e 6f 2c | 20 62 75 74 20 69 74 27 |ce? No,| but it'|
|000043b0| 73 20 61 20 64 61 6d 6e | 0a 67 6f 6f 64 20 69 64 |s a damn|.good id|
|000043c0| 65 61 2e 0a 2e 68 6e 20 | 32 0a 48 6f 77 20 63 6f |ea...hn |2.How co|
|000043d0| 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 | 63 6f 6d 65 73 20 69 6e |pyright |comes in|
|000043e0| 74 6f 20 65 78 69 73 74 | 65 6e 63 65 0a 2e 70 67 |to exist|ence..pg|
|000043f0| 0a 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | 68 74 20 70 72 6f 74 65 |.Copyrig|ht prote|
|00004400| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 28 6d | 65 61 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 |ction (m|eaning t|
|00004410| 68 65 20 66 69 76 65 0a | 65 78 63 6c 75 73 69 76 |he five.|exclusiv|
|00004420| 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 73 | 29 20 63 6f 6d 65 73 20 |e rights|) comes |
|00004430| 69 6e 74 6f 20 65 78 69 | 73 74 65 6e 63 65 20 74 |into exi|stence t|
|00004440| 68 65 20 6d 6f 6d 65 6e | 74 20 79 6f 75 0a 2e 69 |he momen|t you..i|
|00004450| 20 66 69 78 0a 79 6f 75 | 72 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | fix.you|r progra|
|00004460| 6d 20 69 6e 20 61 20 0a | 2e 69 20 22 74 61 6e 67 |m in a .|.i "tang|
|00004470| 69 62 6c 65 20 6d 65 64 | 69 75 6d 22 20 2e 0a 54 |ible med|ium" ..T|
|00004480| 68 61 74 20 6d 65 61 6e | 73 0a 77 72 69 74 65 20 |hat mean|s.write |
|00004490| 69 74 20 64 6f 77 6e 2c | 20 6f 72 20 73 74 6f 72 |it down,| or stor|
|000044a0| 65 20 69 74 20 6f 6e 20 | 61 20 66 6c 6f 70 70 79 |e it on |a floppy|
|000044b0| 20 64 69 73 6b 2c 20 6f | 72 20 64 6f 0a 73 6f 6d | disk, o|r do.som|
|000044c0| 65 74 68 69 6e 67 20 73 | 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 2e 20 |ething s|imilar. |
|000044d0| 20 52 65 67 69 73 74 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 | Registr|ation is|
|000044e0| 20 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 61 | 6c 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | optiona|l. The |
|000044f0| 6f 6e 65 0a 74 68 69 6e | 67 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 75 |one.thin|g you mu|
|00004500| 73 74 20 64 6f 2c 20 68 | 6f 77 65 76 65 72 2c 20 |st do, h|owever, |
|00004510| 69 73 20 70 72 6f 74 65 | 63 74 20 79 6f 75 72 20 |is prote|ct your |
|00004520| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 62 79 0a 69 6e 63 |copyrigh|t by.inc|
|00004530| 6c 75 64 69 6e 67 20 61 | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |luding a| copyrig|
|00004540| 68 74 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 | 65 20 6f 6e 20 65 76 65 |ht notic|e on eve|
|00004550| 72 79 20 63 6f 70 79 20 | 6f 66 20 65 76 65 72 79 |ry copy |of every|
|00004560| 0a 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 20 79 6f 75 20 73 65 6c |.program| you sel|
|00004570| 6c 2c 20 67 69 76 65 20 | 61 77 61 79 2c 20 6c 65 |l, give |away, le|
|00004580| 6e 64 20 6f 75 74 2c 20 | 65 74 63 2e 20 20 49 66 |nd out, |etc. If|
|00004590| 20 79 6f 75 0a 64 6f 6e | 27 74 2c 20 73 6f 6d 65 | you.don|'t, some|
|000045a0| 6f 6e 65 20 77 68 6f 20 | 68 61 70 70 65 6e 73 20 |one who |happens |
|000045b0| 61 63 72 6f 73 73 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 70 72 6f 67 |across y|our prog|
|000045c0| 72 61 6d 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 6e 6f 0a 6e 6f 74 69 |ram with| no.noti|
|000045d0| 63 65 20 6f 6e 20 69 74 | 20 63 61 6e 20 73 61 66 |ce on it| can saf|
|000045e0| 65 6c 79 20 61 73 73 75 | 6d 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 |ely assu|me that |
|000045f0| 69 74 20 69 73 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 70 75 62 |it is in| the pub|
|00004600| 6c 69 63 0a 64 6f 6d 61 | 69 6e 20 28 75 6e 6c 65 |lic.doma|in (unle|
|00004610| 73 73 20 68 65 20 61 63 | 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 6b |ss he ac|tually k|
|00004620| 6e 6f 77 73 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 |nows tha|t it is |
|00004630| 6e 6f 74 29 2e 20 20 0a | 2e 68 6e 20 32 0a 54 68 |not). .|.hn 2.Th|
|00004640| 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 6e 6f 74 69 |e copyri|ght noti|
|00004650| 63 65 0a 2e 70 67 0a 54 | 68 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 |ce..pg.T|he copyr|
|00004660| 69 67 68 74 20 6e 6f 74 | 69 63 65 20 68 61 73 20 |ight not|ice has |
|00004670| 74 68 72 65 65 20 70 61 | 72 74 73 2e 20 20 54 68 |three pa|rts. Th|
|00004680| 65 0a 66 69 72 73 74 20 | 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 65 |e.first |can be e|
|00004690| 69 74 68 65 72 20 61 20 | 63 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 |ither a |c with a|
|000046a0| 20 63 69 72 63 6c 65 20 | 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 | circle |around i|
|000046b0| 74 20 28 5c 28 63 6f 29 | 2c 20 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |t (\(co)|, or the|
|000046c0| 0a 77 6f 72 64 20 0a 2e | 62 20 43 6f 70 79 72 69 |.word ..|b Copyri|
|000046d0| 67 68 74 0a 6f 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 62 62 72 65 |ght.or t|he abbre|
|000046e0| 76 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 0a 2e 62 20 43 6f 70 72 |viation |..b Copr|
|000046f0| 2e 0a 54 68 65 20 63 0a | 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 63 |..The c.|with a c|
|00004700| 69 72 63 6c 65 20 61 72 | 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 74 20 |ircle ar|ound it |
|00004710| 69 73 20 70 72 65 66 65 | 72 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 62 |is prefe|rable, b|
|00004720| 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 69 | 74 20 69 73 0a 72 65 63 |ecause i|t is.rec|
|00004730| 6f 67 6e 69 7a 65 64 20 | 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 |ognized |around t|
|00004740| 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 | 3b 20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 |he world|; the ot|
|00004750| 68 65 72 73 20 61 72 65 | 20 6e 6f 74 2e 20 20 54 |hers are| not. T|
|00004760| 68 61 74 27 73 0a 69 6e | 63 72 65 64 69 62 6c 79 |hat's.in|credibly|
|00004770| 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 74 61 | 6e 74 2e 20 20 43 6f 75 | importa|nt. Cou|
|00004780| 6e 74 72 69 65 73 20 61 | 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 68 |ntries a|round th|
|00004790| 65 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 20 | 68 61 76 65 0a 61 67 72 |e world |have.agr|
|000047a0| 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 72 | 65 63 6f 67 6e 69 7a 65 |eed to r|ecognize|
|000047b0| 20 61 6e 64 20 75 70 68 | 6f 6c 64 20 65 61 63 68 | and uph|old each|
|000047c0| 20 6f 74 68 65 72 73 27 | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 | others'| copyrig|
|000047d0| 68 74 73 2c 0a 62 75 74 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 77 6f |hts,.but| this wo|
|000047e0| 72 6c 64 2d 77 69 64 65 | 20 70 72 6f 74 65 63 74 |rld-wide| protect|
|000047f0| 69 6f 6e 20 72 65 71 75 | 69 72 65 73 20 74 68 65 |ion requ|ires the|
|00004800| 20 75 73 65 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 63 0a 69 6e | use of |the c.in|
|00004810| 20 61 20 63 69 72 63 6c | 65 2e 20 20 4f 6e 20 64 | a circl|e. On d|
|00004820| 69 73 6b 20 6c 61 62 65 | 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 20 70 |isk labe|ls and p|
|00004830| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 70 | 61 63 6b 61 67 69 6e 67 |rogram p|ackaging|
|00004840| 2c 20 75 73 65 0a 74 68 | 65 20 65 6e 63 69 72 63 |, use.th|e encirc|
|00004850| 6c 65 64 20 63 2e 20 20 | 55 6e 66 6f 72 74 75 6e |led c. |Unfortun|
|00004860| 61 74 65 6c 79 2c 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 73 |ately, c|omputers|
|00004870| 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 64 | 72 61 77 0a 73 6d 61 6c | don't d|raw.smal|
|00004880| 6c 20 63 69 72 63 6c 65 | 73 20 77 65 6c 6c 2c 20 |l circle|s well, |
|00004890| 73 6f 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 6d 65 72 73 20 68 |so progr|ammers h|
|000048a0| 61 76 65 20 72 65 73 6f | 72 74 65 64 20 74 6f 20 |ave reso|rted to |
|000048b0| 61 20 63 0a 69 6e 20 70 | 61 72 65 6e 74 68 65 73 |a c.in p|arenthes|
|000048c0| 65 73 3a 20 28 63 29 2e | 20 20 54 6f 6f 20 62 61 |es: (c).| Too ba|
|000048d0| 64 2e 20 20 54 68 61 74 | 20 68 61 73 20 6e 6f 20 |d. That| has no |
|000048e0| 6c 65 67 61 6c 0a 6d 65 | 61 6e 69 6e 67 2e 20 20 |legal.me|aning. |
|000048f0| 57 68 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 | 20 70 75 74 20 79 6f 75 |When you| put you|
|00004900| 72 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |r notice| in the |
|00004910| 63 6f 64 65 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6f 6e 0a 74 68 65 20 |code and| on.the |
|00004920| 73 63 72 65 65 6e 2c 20 | 75 73 65 20 0a 2e 62 20 |screen, |use ..b |
|00004930| 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 0a 6f 72 20 0a 2e 62 |Copyrigh|t.or ..b|
|00004940| 20 43 6f 70 72 2e 0a 69 | 66 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 | Copr..i|f you ca|
|00004950| 6e 27 74 20 6d 61 6b 65 | 20 61 20 63 69 72 63 6c |n't make| a circl|
|00004960| 65 2e 0a 2e 70 67 0a 54 | 68 65 20 73 65 63 6f 6e |e...pg.T|he secon|
|00004970| 64 20 70 61 72 74 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 6e 6f |d part o|f the no|
|00004980| 74 69 63 65 20 69 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 5c 2a 28 6c |tice is |the \*(l|
|00004990| 71 79 65 61 72 0a 6f 66 | 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 70 |qyear.of| first p|
|000049a0| 75 62 6c 69 63 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |ublicati|on of th|
|000049b0| 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 2e 5c | 2a 28 72 71 20 20 0a 2e |e work.\|*(rq ..|
|000049c0| 69 20 50 75 62 6c 69 63 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a 64 6f |i Public|ation.do|
|000049d0| 65 73 6e 27 74 20 6d 65 | 61 6e 20 64 69 73 74 72 |esn't me|an distr|
|000049e0| 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 62 79 20 4f 73 62 6f 72 |ibution |by Osbor|
|000049f0| 6e 65 20 50 75 62 6c 69 | 73 68 69 6e 67 20 43 6f |ne Publi|shing Co|
|00004a00| 2e 20 20 49 74 0a 6d 65 | 61 6e 73 20 64 69 73 74 |. It.me|ans dist|
|00004a10| 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 70 69 |ribution| of copi|
|00004a20| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |es of th|e progra|
|00004a30| 6d 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | 0a 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 |m to the|.public |
|00004a40| 5c 2a 28 6c 71 62 79 20 | 73 61 6c 65 20 6f 72 20 |\*(lqby |sale or |
|00004a50| 6f 74 68 65 72 20 74 72 | 61 6e 73 66 65 72 20 6f |other tr|ansfer o|
|00004a60| 66 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 73 | 68 69 70 2c 20 6f 72 20 |f owners|hip, or |
|00004a70| 62 79 0a 72 65 6e 74 61 | 6c 2c 20 6c 65 61 73 65 |by.renta|l, lease|
|00004a80| 2c 20 6f 72 20 6c 65 6e | 64 69 6e 67 2e 5c 2a 28 |, or len|ding.\*(|
|00004a90| 72 71 20 20 53 6f 20 77 | 68 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 |rq So w|hen you |
|00004aa0| 73 74 61 72 74 20 68 61 | 6e 64 69 6e 67 0a 6f 75 |start ha|nding.ou|
|00004ab0| 74 20 6f 72 20 73 65 6c | 6c 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 70 |t or sel|ling cop|
|00004ac0| 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 70 72 65 63 |ies of y|our prec|
|00004ad0| 69 6f 75 73 20 63 6f 64 | 65 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 61 |ious cod|e, you a|
|00004ae0| 72 65 0a 70 75 62 6c 69 | 73 68 69 6e 67 2e 20 20 |re.publi|shing. |
|00004af0| 50 75 62 6c 69 63 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 61 6c 73 6f |Publicat|ion also|
|00004b00| 20 74 61 6b 65 73 20 70 | 6c 61 63 65 20 77 68 65 | takes p|lace whe|
|00004b10| 6e 20 79 6f 75 0a 6d 65 | 72 65 6c 79 20 4f 46 46 |n you.me|rely OFF|
|00004b20| 45 52 20 74 6f 20 64 69 | 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 |ER to di|stribute|
|00004b30| 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 20 | 74 6f 20 61 20 67 72 6f | copies |to a gro|
|00004b40| 75 70 20 66 6f 72 20 66 | 75 72 74 68 65 72 0a 64 |up for f|urther.d|
|00004b50| 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 | 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 59 6f |istribut|ion. Yo|
|00004b60| 75 72 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 | 65 20 6d 75 73 74 20 69 |ur notic|e must i|
|00004b70| 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 79 65 61 72 20 |nclude t|he year |
|00004b80| 74 68 61 74 0a 79 6f 75 | 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 64 |that.you| first d|
|00004b90| 69 64 20 73 6f 2e 0a 2e | 70 67 0a 54 68 65 20 74 |id so...|pg.The t|
|00004ba0| 68 69 72 64 20 70 61 72 | 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |hird par|t of the|
|00004bb0| 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 20 | 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 6e | notice |is the n|
|00004bc0| 61 6d 65 20 6f 66 0a 74 | 68 65 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 |ame of.t|he owner|
|00004bd0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | of the |copyrigh|
|00004be0| 74 2e 20 20 48 6f 70 65 | 66 75 6c 6c 79 2c 20 74 |t. Hope|fully, t|
|00004bf0| 68 61 74 27 73 20 79 6f | 75 2c 20 69 6e 0a 77 68 |hat's yo|u, in.wh|
|00004c00| 69 63 68 20 63 61 73 65 | 20 79 6f 75 72 20 6c 61 |ich case| your la|
|00004c10| 73 74 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 64 6f 2e |st name |will do.|
|00004c20| 20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 | 72 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e | If you|r compan|
|00004c30| 79 20 6f 77 6e 73 0a 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |y owns.t|he progr|
|00004c40| 61 6d 20 2d 2d 20 61 20 | 6c 65 67 61 6c 20 69 73 |am -- a |legal is|
|00004c50| 73 75 65 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 49 20 77 69 6c 6c |sue whic|h I will|
|00004c60| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 6c 61 74 65 72 0a 69 | address| later.i|
|00004c70| 6e 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 | 72 74 69 63 6c 65 20 2d |n this a|rticle -|
|00004c80| 2d 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f | 6d 70 61 6e 79 20 6e 61 |- the co|mpany na|
|00004c90| 6d 65 20 69 73 20 61 70 | 70 72 6f 70 72 69 61 74 |me is ap|propriat|
|00004ca0| 65 2e 0a 2e 70 67 0a 57 | 68 65 72 65 20 64 6f 20 |e...pg.W|here do |
|00004cb0| 79 6f 75 20 70 75 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 6e 6f 74 69 |you put |the noti|
|00004cc0| 63 65 3f 20 20 54 68 65 | 20 67 65 6e 65 72 61 6c |ce? The| general|
|00004cd0| 0a 69 64 65 61 20 69 73 | 20 74 6f 20 70 75 74 20 |.idea is| to put |
|00004ce0| 69 74 20 77 68 65 72 65 | 20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 |it where| people |
|00004cf0| 61 72 65 20 6c 69 6b 65 | 6c 79 20 74 6f 20 73 65 |are like|ly to se|
|00004d00| 65 20 69 74 2e 20 0a 53 | 70 65 63 69 66 69 63 61 |e it. .S|pecifica|
|00004d10| 6c 6c 79 2c 20 69 66 20 | 79 6f 75 27 72 65 20 64 |lly, if |you're d|
|00004d20| 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 | 69 6e 67 20 61 20 68 75 |istribut|ing a hu|
|00004d30| 6d 61 6e 2d 72 65 61 64 | 61 62 6c 65 0a 63 6f 64 |man-read|able.cod|
|00004d40| 65 20 6c 69 73 74 69 6e | 67 2c 20 70 75 74 20 69 |e listin|g, put i|
|00004d50| 74 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 70 |t on the| first p|
|00004d60| 61 67 65 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 |age in t|he first|
|00004d70| 20 66 65 77 0a 6c 69 6e | 65 73 20 6f 66 20 63 6f | few.lin|es of co|
|00004d80| 64 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 68 61 72 64 20 63 6f 64 |de, and |hard cod|
|00004d90| 65 20 69 74 20 73 6f 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 20 |e it so |that it |
|00004da0| 61 70 70 65 61 72 73 20 | 6f 6e 0a 74 68 65 20 74 |appears |on.the t|
|00004db0| 69 74 6c 65 20 73 63 72 | 65 65 6e 2c 20 6f 72 20 |itle scr|een, or |
|00004dc0| 61 74 20 73 69 67 6e 2d | 6f 66 66 2c 20 6f 72 20 |at sign-|off, or |
|00004dd0| 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 6f | 75 73 6c 79 2e 20 20 49 |continuo|usly. I|
|00004de0| 66 0a 79 6f 75 27 72 65 | 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 |f.you're| distrib|
|00004df0| 75 74 69 6e 67 20 6d 61 | 63 68 69 6e 65 2d 72 65 |uting ma|chine-re|
|00004e00| 61 64 61 62 6c 65 20 76 | 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 |adable v|ersions |
|00004e10| 6f 6e 6c 79 2c 20 68 61 | 72 64 0a 63 6f 64 65 20 |only, ha|rd.code |
|00004e20| 69 74 2e 20 20 41 73 20 | 61 6e 20 65 78 74 72 61 |it. As |an extra|
|00004e30| 20 70 72 65 63 61 75 74 | 69 6f 6e 2c 20 79 6f 75 | precaut|ion, you|
|00004e40| 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 | 61 6c 73 6f 20 70 6c 61 | should |also pla|
|00004e50| 63 65 0a 74 68 65 20 6e | 6f 74 69 63 65 20 6f 6e |ce.the n|otice on|
|00004e60| 20 74 68 65 20 67 75 6d | 6d 65 64 20 64 69 73 6b | the gum|med disk|
|00004e70| 20 6c 61 62 65 6c 20 6f | 72 20 69 6e 20 73 6f 6d | label o|r in som|
|00004e80| 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 0a | 66 61 73 68 69 6f 6e 20 |e other.|fashion |
|00004e90| 70 65 72 6d 61 6e 65 6e | 74 6c 79 20 61 74 74 61 |permanen|tly atta|
|00004ea0| 63 68 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 6f 72 |ched to |the stor|
|00004eb0| 61 67 65 20 6d 65 64 69 | 75 6d 2e 0a 2e 68 6e 20 |age medi|um...hn |
|00004ec0| 32 0a 41 64 76 61 6e 74 | 61 67 65 73 20 6f 66 20 |2.Advant|ages of |
|00004ed0| 72 65 67 69 73 74 72 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 0a 2e 70 67 |registra|tion..pg|
|00004ee0| 0a 4e 6f 77 2c 20 77 68 | 79 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 |.Now, wh|y regist|
|00004ef0| 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 3f 20 |er the p|rogram? |
|00004f00| 20 49 66 20 6e 6f 20 6f | 6e 65 0a 65 76 65 72 20 | If no o|ne.ever |
|00004f10| 72 69 70 73 20 6f 66 66 | 20 79 6f 75 72 20 70 72 |rips off| your pr|
|00004f20| 6f 67 72 61 6d 2c 20 79 | 6f 75 20 77 6f 6e 27 74 |ogram, y|ou won't|
|00004f30| 20 63 61 72 65 20 6d 75 | 63 68 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | care mu|ch about|
|00004f40| 0a 72 65 67 69 73 74 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 |.registr|ation. |
|00004f50| 49 66 20 73 6f 6d 65 6f | 6e 65 20 64 6f 65 73 20 |If someo|ne does |
|00004f60| 72 69 70 20 69 74 20 6f | 66 66 2c 20 79 6f 75 27 |rip it o|ff, you'|
|00004f70| 6c 6c 20 6b 69 63 6b 0a | 79 6f 75 72 73 65 6c 66 |ll kick.|yourself|
|00004f80| 20 66 6f 72 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 68 61 76 69 6e 67 20 | for not| having |
|00004f90| 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 | 65 64 20 69 74 2e 20 20 |register|ed it. |
|00004fa0| 54 68 65 20 72 65 61 73 | 6f 6e 20 69 73 0a 74 68 |The reas|on is.th|
|00004fb0| 61 74 20 69 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |at if th|e progra|
|00004fc0| 6d 20 69 73 20 72 65 67 | 69 73 74 65 72 65 64 20 |m is reg|istered |
|00004fd0| 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 74 | 68 65 0a 69 6e 66 72 69 |before t|he.infri|
|00004fe0| 6e 67 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 74 61 6b 65 73 20 70 6c |ngement |takes pl|
|00004ff0| 61 63 65 2c 20 79 6f 75 | 20 63 61 6e 20 72 65 63 |ace, you| can rec|
|00005000| 6f 76 65 72 20 73 6f 6d | 65 20 62 69 67 20 62 75 |over som|e big bu|
|00005010| 63 6b 73 0a 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e 66 |cks.from| the inf|
|00005020| 72 69 6e 67 65 72 2c 20 | 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 73 |ringer, |called s|
|00005030| 74 61 74 75 74 6f 72 79 | 20 64 61 6d 61 67 65 73 |tatutory| damages|
|00005040| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 | 65 0a 63 6f 75 72 74 20 |, and th|e.court |
|00005050| 63 61 6e 20 6f 72 64 65 | 72 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e |can orde|r the in|
|00005060| 66 72 69 6e 67 65 72 20 | 74 6f 20 70 61 79 20 79 |fringer |to pay y|
|00005070| 6f 75 72 20 61 74 74 6f | 72 6e 65 79 73 0a 66 65 |our atto|rneys.fe|
|00005080| 65 73 2e 20 20 52 65 67 | 69 73 74 72 61 74 69 6f |es. Reg|istratio|
|00005090| 6e 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 63 | 6f 73 74 73 20 24 31 30 |n only c|osts $10|
|000050a0| 2e 30 30 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 69 74 27 73 20 65 61 |.00, and| it's ea|
|000050b0| 73 79 20 74 6f 0a 64 6f | 20 79 6f 75 72 73 65 6c |sy to.do| yoursel|
|000050c0| 66 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 6f 6e 6c 79 20 70 6f 74 |f. The |only pot|
|000050d0| 65 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 64 | 69 73 61 64 76 61 6e 74 |ential d|isadvant|
|000050e0| 61 67 65 20 69 73 20 74 | 68 65 0a 72 65 71 75 69 |age is t|he.requi|
|000050f0| 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 79 6f 75 20 |rement t|hat you |
|00005100| 64 65 70 6f 73 69 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 |deposit |the firs|
|00005110| 74 20 61 6e 64 20 6c 61 | 73 74 20 32 35 20 70 61 |t and la|st 25 pa|
|00005120| 67 65 73 0a 6f 66 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 73 6f 75 72 |ges.of y|our sour|
|00005130| 63 65 20 63 6f 64 65 2c | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 63 |ce code,| which c|
|00005140| 61 6e 20 62 65 20 69 6e | 73 70 65 63 74 65 64 20 |an be in|spected |
|00005150| 28 62 75 74 20 6e 6f 74 | 0a 63 6f 70 69 65 64 29 |(but not|.copied)|
|00005160| 20 62 79 20 6d 65 6d 62 | 65 72 73 20 6f 66 20 74 | by memb|ers of t|
|00005170| 68 65 20 70 75 62 6c 69 | 63 2e 20 20 0a 2e 68 6e |he publi|c. ..hn|
|00005180| 20 32 0a 41 20 74 65 73 | 74 20 74 6f 20 73 65 65 | 2.A tes|t to see|
|00005190| 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 | 75 6e 64 65 72 73 74 61 | if you |understa|
|000051a0| 6e 64 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 0a |nd this |article.|
|000051b0| 2e 70 67 0a 4e 6f 77 2c | 20 73 6f 6d 65 6f 6e 65 |.pg.Now,| someone|
|000051c0| 20 74 65 6c 6c 20 6d 65 | 20 74 68 69 73 3a 20 20 | tell me| this: |
|000051d0| 69 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 20 |is this |article |
|000051e0| 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 65 64 3f 20 20 43 61 |copyrigh|ted? Ca|
|000051f0| 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 70 72 | 69 6e 74 20 69 74 3f 0a |n you pr|int it?.|
|00005200| 2e 68 6e 20 31 0a 57 68 | 6f 20 4f 77 6e 73 20 54 |.hn 1.Wh|o Owns T|
|00005210| 68 65 20 50 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 20 59 6f 75 20 57 |he Progr|am You W|
|00005220| 72 6f 74 65 3f 0a 2e 68 | 6e 20 32 0a 49 6e 74 72 |rote?..h|n 2.Intr|
|00005230| 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 0a 2e 70 67 0a 54 68 65 |oduction|..pg.The|
|00005240| 20 73 74 61 72 74 69 6e | 67 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 20 | startin|g point |
|00005250| 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 61 6e 61 6c 79 73 69 73 |of this |analysis|
|00005260| 20 69 73 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 | is that| if you |
|00005270| 77 72 6f 74 65 0a 74 68 | 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |wrote.th|e progra|
|00005280| 6d 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 61 | 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 61 |m, you a|re the a|
|00005290| 75 74 68 6f 72 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 63 6f 70 79 72 |uthor, a|nd copyr|
|000052a0| 69 67 68 74 20 62 65 6c | 6f 6e 67 73 0a 74 6f 20 |ight bel|ongs.to |
|000052b0| 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 68 | 6f 72 2e 20 20 48 4f 57 |the auth|or. HOW|
|000052c0| 45 56 45 52 2c 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 63 61 6e 20 63 |EVER, th|at can c|
|000052d0| 68 61 6e 67 65 20 69 6e | 73 74 61 6e 74 6c 79 2e |hange in|stantly.|
|000052e0| 20 0a 54 68 65 72 65 20 | 61 72 65 20 74 77 6f 20 | .There |are two |
|000052f0| 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 77 | 61 79 73 20 66 6f 72 20 |common w|ays for |
|00005300| 79 6f 75 72 20 6f 77 6e | 65 72 73 68 69 70 20 74 |your own|ership t|
|00005310| 6f 20 73 68 69 66 74 20 | 74 6f 0a 73 6f 6d 65 6f |o shift |to.someo|
|00005320| 6e 65 20 65 6c 73 65 3a | 20 20 66 69 72 73 74 2c |ne else:| first,|
|00005330| 20 79 6f 75 72 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 6d 69 | your pr|ogram mi|
|00005340| 67 68 74 20 62 65 20 61 | 20 5c 2a 28 6c 71 77 6f |ght be a| \*(lqwo|
|00005350| 72 6b 20 66 6f 72 0a 68 | 69 72 65 2e 5c 2a 28 72 |rk for.h|ire.\*(r|
|00005360| 71 20 20 53 65 63 6f 6e | 64 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 6d |q Secon|d, you m|
|00005370| 69 67 68 74 20 73 65 6c | 6c 20 6f 72 20 61 73 73 |ight sel|l or ass|
|00005380| 69 67 6e 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 0a 2e 69 20 72 69 67 |ign your| ..i rig|
|00005390| 68 74 73 0a 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |hts.in t|he progr|
|000053a0| 61 6d 2c 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 66 6f 72 20 6f 75 |am, whic|h for ou|
|000053b0| 72 20 70 75 72 70 6f 73 | 65 73 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 |r purpos|es means|
|000053c0| 20 74 68 65 0a 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 2e 20 | the.cop|yright. |
|000053d0| 20 0a 2e 68 6e 20 32 0a | 50 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 | ..hn 2.|Programs|
|000053e0| 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e | 20 61 73 20 61 6e 20 65 | written| as an e|
|000053f0| 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 65 0a | 2e 70 67 0a 4d 6f 73 74 |mployee.|.pg.Most|
|00005400| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 | of the |programs|
|00005410| 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 79 | 6f 75 20 77 72 69 74 65 | which y|ou write|
|00005420| 20 61 74 0a 77 6f 72 6b | 2c 20 69 66 20 6e 6f 74 | at.work|, if not|
|00005430| 20 61 6c 6c 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 6d 2c 20 62 65 | all of |them, be|
|00005440| 6c 6f 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 | 79 6f 75 72 20 65 6d 70 |long to |your emp|
|00005450| 6c 6f 79 65 72 2e 20 0a | 54 68 61 74 27 73 20 62 |loyer. .|That's b|
|00005460| 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 61 | 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d |ecause a| program|
|00005470| 20 70 72 65 70 61 72 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 61 6e 20 | prepare|d by an |
|00005480| 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 65 | 20 77 69 74 68 69 6e 0a |employee| within.|
|00005490| 74 68 65 20 73 63 6f 70 | 65 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 |the scop|e of his|
|000054a0| 20 6f 72 20 68 65 72 20 | 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 6d 65 | or her |employme|
|000054b0| 6e 74 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 5c 2a 28 6c 71 77 6f 72 |nt is a |\*(lqwor|
|000054c0| 6b 20 66 6f 72 20 68 69 | 72 65 2c 5c 2a 28 72 71 |k for hi|re,\*(rq|
|000054d0| 0a 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 |.and the| employe|
|000054e0| 72 20 69 73 20 63 6f 6e | 73 69 64 65 72 65 64 20 |r is con|sidered |
|000054f0| 74 68 65 20 0a 2e 69 20 | 61 75 74 68 6f 72 20 2e |the ..i |author .|
|00005500| 0a 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 | 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 6f 72 |.This is| more or|
|00005510| 20 6c 65 73 73 20 61 75 | 74 6f 6d 61 74 69 63 20 | less au|tomatic |
|00005520| 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 61 | 72 65 20 61 6e 20 65 6d |if you a|re an em|
|00005530| 70 6c 6f 79 65 65 20 2d | 2d 20 6e 6f 0a 77 72 69 |ployee -|- no.wri|
|00005540| 74 74 65 6e 20 61 67 72 | 65 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 |tten agr|eement i|
|00005550| 73 20 6e 65 63 65 73 73 | 61 72 79 20 74 6f 20 6d |s necess|ary to m|
|00005560| 61 6b 65 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 |ake your| employe|
|00005570| 72 20 74 68 65 0a 63 6f | 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 |r the.co|pyright |
|00005580| 6f 77 6e 65 72 2e 20 20 | 42 79 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 |owner. |By contr|
|00005590| 61 73 74 2c 20 69 66 20 | 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 |ast, if |you can |
|000055a0| 63 6f 6e 76 69 6e 63 65 | 20 79 6f 75 72 0a 65 6d |convince| your.em|
|000055b0| 70 6c 6f 79 65 72 20 74 | 6f 20 6c 65 74 20 79 6f |ployer t|o let yo|
|000055c0| 75 20 62 65 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |u be the| copyrig|
|000055d0| 68 74 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 | 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 75 |ht owner|, you mu|
|000055e0| 73 74 0a 68 61 76 65 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 61 67 72 |st.have |that agr|
|000055f0| 65 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 | 6e 20 77 72 69 74 69 6e |eement i|n writin|
|00005600| 67 2e 0a 2e 70 67 0a 42 | 79 20 74 68 65 20 77 61 |g...pg.B|y the wa|
|00005610| 79 2c 20 62 65 66 6f 72 | 65 20 79 6f 75 20 67 69 |y, befor|e you gi|
|00005620| 76 65 20 75 70 20 68 6f | 70 65 20 6f 66 0a 6f 77 |ve up ho|pe of.ow|
|00005630| 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 |ning the| copyrig|
|00005640| 68 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |ht to th|e progra|
|00005650| 6d 20 79 6f 75 20 77 72 | 6f 74 65 20 61 74 20 77 |m you wr|ote at w|
|00005660| 6f 72 6b 2c 0a 66 69 67 | 75 72 65 20 6f 75 74 20 |ork,.fig|ure out |
|00005670| 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 61 | 72 65 20 72 65 61 6c 6c |if you a|re reall|
|00005680| 79 20 61 6e 20 65 6d 70 | 6c 6f 79 65 65 2e 20 20 |y an emp|loyee. |
|00005690| 54 68 61 74 20 69 73 0a | 61 63 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 |That is.|actually|
|000056a0| 20 61 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c | 65 78 20 6c 65 67 61 6c | a compl|ex legal|
|000056b0| 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | 6e 2c 20 62 75 74 20 49 | questio|n, but I|
|000056c0| 20 63 61 6e 20 74 65 6c | 6c 20 79 6f 75 0a 6e 6f | can tel|l you.no|
|000056d0| 77 20 74 68 61 74 20 6a | 75 73 74 20 62 65 63 61 |w that j|ust beca|
|000056e0| 75 73 65 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 62 6f 73 73 20 73 61 |use your| boss sa|
|000056f0| 79 73 20 79 6f 75 20 61 | 72 65 20 61 6e 20 65 6d |ys you a|re an em|
|00005700| 70 6c 6f 79 65 65 0a 64 | 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 20 6d |ployee.d|oesn't m|
|00005710| 65 61 6e 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 69 74 27 73 20 73 6f |ean that| it's so|
|00005720| 2e 20 20 41 6e 64 20 72 | 65 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 20 |. And r|emember |
|00005730| 74 68 61 74 20 69 66 20 | 79 6f 75 0a 63 72 65 61 |that if |you.crea|
|00005740| 74 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 |ted the |program |
|00005750| 6f 75 74 73 69 64 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 0a 2e 69 20 |outside |the ..i |
|00005760| 73 63 6f 70 65 0a 6f 66 | 20 79 6f 75 72 20 6a 6f |scope.of| your jo|
|00005770| 62 2c 20 74 68 65 0a 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 |b, the.p|rogram i|
|00005780| 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 20 | 5c 2a 28 6c 71 77 6f 72 |s not a |\*(lqwor|
|00005790| 6b 20 66 6f 72 20 68 69 | 72 65 2e 5c 2a 28 72 71 |k for hi|re.\*(rq|
|000057a0| 20 20 46 69 6e 61 6c 6c | 79 2c 20 69 6e 0a 43 61 | Finall|y, in.Ca|
|000057b0| 6c 69 66 6f 72 6e 69 61 | 20 61 6e 64 20 70 72 6f |lifornia| and pro|
|000057c0| 62 61 62 6c 79 20 65 6c | 73 65 77 68 65 72 65 2c |bably el|sewhere,|
|000057d0| 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 | 74 65 20 6c 61 62 6f 72 | the sta|te labor|
|000057e0| 20 6c 61 77 0a 70 72 6f | 76 69 64 65 73 20 74 68 | law.pro|vides th|
|000057f0| 61 74 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f | 79 65 65 73 20 6f 77 6e |at emplo|yees own|
|00005800| 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 | 73 20 74 68 65 79 20 63 | product|s they c|
|00005810| 72 65 61 74 65 20 6f 6e | 0a 74 68 65 69 72 20 6f |reate on|.their o|
|00005820| 77 6e 20 74 69 6d 65 2c | 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 74 |wn time,| using t|
|00005830| 68 65 69 72 20 6f 77 6e | 20 74 6f 6f 6c 73 20 61 |heir own| tools a|
|00005840| 6e 64 20 6d 61 74 65 72 | 69 61 6c 73 2e 20 0a 45 |nd mater|ials. .E|
|00005850| 6d 70 6c 6f 79 6d 65 6e | 74 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 61 |mploymen|t contra|
|00005860| 63 74 73 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 61 74 74 65 6d 70 |cts whic|h attemp|
|00005870| 74 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 6b | 65 20 74 68 65 20 65 6d |t to mak|e the em|
|00005880| 70 6c 6f 79 65 72 0a 74 | 68 65 20 6f 77 6e 65 72 |ployer.t|he owner|
|00005890| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 6f 73 | 65 20 6f 66 66 2d 74 68 | of thos|e off-th|
|000058a0| 65 2d 6a 6f 62 20 0a 2e | 69 20 69 6e 76 65 6e 74 |e-job ..|i invent|
|000058b0| 69 6f 6e 73 0a 61 72 65 | 20 76 6f 69 64 2c 20 61 |ions.are| void, a|
|000058c0| 74 20 6c 65 61 73 74 20 | 69 6e 20 73 75 6e 6e 79 |t least |in sunny|
|000058d0| 20 43 61 6c 69 66 6f 72 | 6e 69 61 2e 0a 2e 68 6e | Califor|nia...hn|
|000058e0| 20 32 0a 50 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 73 20 77 72 69 74 | 2.Progr|ams writ|
|000058f0| 74 65 6e 20 61 73 20 61 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 61 63 |ten as a| contrac|
|00005900| 74 6f 72 0a 2e 70 67 0a | 57 61 69 74 20 61 20 6d |tor..pg.|Wait a m|
|00005910| 69 6e 75 74 65 3a 20 20 | 49 27 6d 20 61 6e 20 69 |inute: |I'm an i|
|00005920| 6e 64 65 70 65 6e 64 65 | 6e 74 0a 63 6f 6e 74 72 |ndepende|nt.contr|
|00005930| 61 63 74 6f 72 20 74 6f | 20 43 6f 6d 70 61 6e 79 |actor to| Company|
|00005940| 20 58 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 61 6e 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f | X, not |an emplo|
|00005950| 79 65 65 2e 20 20 49 20 | 63 6f 6d 65 20 61 6e 64 |yee. I |come and|
|00005960| 20 67 6f 0a 61 73 20 49 | 20 70 6c 65 61 73 65 2c | go.as I| please,|
|00005970| 20 67 65 74 20 70 61 69 | 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 | get pai|d by the|
|00005980| 20 68 6f 75 72 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 6e 6f 20 74 61 | hour wi|th no ta|
|00005990| 78 20 77 69 74 68 68 65 | 6c 64 2c 0a 61 6e 64 20 |x withhe|ld,.and |
|000059a0| 77 61 73 20 72 65 74 61 | 69 6e 65 64 20 74 6f 20 |was reta|ined to |
|000059b0| 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 65 | 20 61 20 73 70 65 63 69 |complete| a speci|
|000059c0| 66 69 63 20 70 72 6f 6a | 65 63 74 2e 20 20 49 0a |fic proj|ect. I.|
|000059d0| 66 72 65 71 75 65 6e 74 | 6c 79 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 |frequent|ly work |
|000059e0| 61 74 20 68 6f 6d 65 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 6d 79 20 |at home |with my |
|000059f0| 6f 77 6e 20 65 71 75 69 | 70 6d 65 6e 74 2e 20 20 |own equi|pment. |
|00005a00| 49 73 20 74 68 65 0a 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 49 |Is the.p|rogram I|
|00005a10| 27 6d 20 77 72 69 74 69 | 6e 67 20 61 20 5c 2a 28 |'m writi|ng a \*(|
|00005a20| 6c 71 77 6f 72 6b 20 66 | 6f 72 20 68 69 72 65 2c |lqwork f|or hire,|
|00005a30| 5c 2a 28 72 71 20 6f 77 | 6e 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 |\*(rq ow|ned by t|
|00005a40| 68 65 0a 43 6f 6d 70 61 | 6e 79 3f 20 20 4d 61 79 |he.Compa|ny? May|
|00005a50| 62 65 2c 20 6d 61 79 62 | 65 20 6e 6f 74 2e 20 20 |be, mayb|e not. |
|00005a60| 49 6e 20 43 61 6c 69 66 | 6f 72 6e 69 61 2c 20 74 |In Calif|ornia, t|
|00005a70| 68 69 73 20 61 72 65 61 | 20 69 73 0a 66 75 6c 6c |his area| is.full|
|00005a80| 20 6f 66 20 6c 61 6e 64 | 6d 69 6e 65 73 20 66 6f | of land|mines fo|
|00005a90| 72 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 | 65 72 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 |r employ|ers, and|
|00005aa0| 20 67 6f 6c 64 20 66 6f | 72 0a 63 6f 6e 74 72 61 | gold fo|r.contra|
|00005ab0| 63 74 6f 72 73 2e 0a 2e | 70 67 0a 41 20 63 6f 6e |ctors...|pg.A con|
|00005ac0| 74 72 61 63 74 6f 72 27 | 73 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |tractor'|s progra|
|00005ad0| 6d 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 61 20 5c 2a 28 6c 71 |m is not| a \*(lq|
|00005ae0| 77 6f 72 6b 20 66 6f 72 | 0a 68 69 72 65 2c 5c 2a |work for|.hire,\*|
|00005af0| 28 72 71 20 61 6e 64 20 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 6f |(rq and |is not o|
|00005b00| 77 6e 65 64 20 62 79 20 | 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 |wned by |the comp|
|00005b10| 61 6e 79 2c 20 75 6e 6c | 65 73 73 20 28 31 29 20 |any, unl|ess (1) |
|00005b20| 74 68 65 72 65 0a 69 73 | 20 61 20 77 72 69 74 74 |there.is| a writt|
|00005b30| 65 6e 20 61 67 72 65 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 62 65 74 |en agree|ment bet|
|00005b40| 77 65 65 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e 79 |ween the| company|
|00005b50| 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | 0a 63 6f 6e 74 72 61 63 | and the|.contrac|
|00005b60| 74 6f 72 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 73 61 79 73 20 74 |tor whic|h says t|
|00005b70| 68 61 74 20 69 74 20 69 | 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 28 |hat it i|s, and (|
|00005b80| 32 29 20 74 68 65 20 77 | 6f 72 6b 20 69 73 20 61 |2) the w|ork is a|
|00005b90| 0a 2e 69 20 22 63 6f 6d | 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 65 |..i "com|missione|
|00005ba0| 64 20 77 6f 72 6b 22 20 | 2e 0a 41 0a 2e 69 20 22 |d work" |..A..i "|
|00005bb0| 63 6f 6d 6d 69 73 73 69 | 6f 6e 65 64 20 77 6f 72 |commissi|oned wor|
|00005bc0| 6b 22 0a 69 73 20 6f 6e | 65 20 6f 66 0a 74 68 65 |k".is on|e of.the|
|00005bd0| 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 | 6e 67 3a 20 20 28 61 29 | followi|ng: (a)|
|00005be0| 20 20 61 20 63 6f 6e 74 | 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e | a cont|ribution|
|00005bf0| 20 74 6f 20 61 20 0a 2e | 69 20 22 63 6f 6c 6c 65 | to a ..|i "colle|
|00005c00| 63 74 69 76 65 20 77 6f | 72 6b 22 20 2c 0a 28 62 |ctive wo|rk" ,.(b|
|00005c10| 29 20 61 6e 20 61 75 64 | 69 6f 76 69 73 75 61 6c |) an aud|iovisual|
|00005c20| 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 28 6c | 69 6b 65 20 61 20 6d 6f | work (l|ike a mo|
|00005c30| 76 69 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6d 61 79 62 65 20 6c |vie, and| maybe l|
|00005c40| 69 6b 65 20 61 20 76 69 | 64 65 6f 20 67 61 6d 65 |ike a vi|deo game|
|00005c50| 29 2c 0a 28 63 29 20 61 | 20 74 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 |),.(c) a| transla|
|00005c60| 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 28 64 | 29 20 61 20 63 6f 6d 70 |tion, (d|) a comp|
|00005c70| 69 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c | 20 28 65 29 20 61 6e 20 |ilation,| (e) an |
|00005c80| 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 74 65 |instruct|ional te|
|00005c90| 78 74 2c 0a 28 66 29 20 | 61 20 74 65 73 74 20 6f |xt,.(f) |a test o|
|00005ca0| 72 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72 | 20 74 6f 20 61 20 74 65 |r answer| to a te|
|00005cb0| 73 74 2c 20 6f 72 20 28 | 67 29 20 61 6e 20 61 74 |st, or (|g) an at|
|00005cc0| 6c 61 73 2e 20 20 49 20 | 6b 6e 6f 77 20 79 6f 75 |las. I |know you|
|00005cd0| 20 6d 75 73 74 20 62 65 | 0a 74 69 72 65 64 20 6f | must be|.tired o|
|00005ce0| 66 20 64 65 66 69 6e 69 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 62 |f defini|tions, b|
|00005cf0| 75 74 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 69 73 20 77 68 61 74 20 |ut this |is what |
|00005d00| 74 68 65 20 72 65 61 6c | 20 6c 65 67 61 6c 0a 77 |the real| legal.w|
|00005d10| 6f 72 6c 64 20 69 73 20 | 6d 61 64 65 20 6f 66 2e |orld is |made of.|
|00005d20| 20 20 41 6e 20 65 78 61 | 6d 70 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 | An exa|mple of |
|00005d30| 61 20 20 63 6f 6c 6c 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 77 6f |a colle|ctive wo|
|00005d40| 72 6b 20 69 73 20 61 0a | 62 6f 6f 6b 20 6f 66 20 |rk is a.|book of |
|00005d50| 70 6f 65 74 72 79 2c 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 70 6f 65 |poetry, |with poe|
|00005d60| 6d 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 | 69 62 75 74 65 64 20 62 |ms contr|ibuted b|
|00005d70| 79 20 76 61 72 69 6f 75 | 73 0a 61 75 74 68 6f 72 |y variou|s.author|
|00005d80| 73 2e 20 20 41 20 70 69 | 65 63 65 20 6f 66 20 63 |s. A pi|ece of c|
|00005d90| 6f 64 65 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 69 73 20 69 6e 63 |ode whic|h is inc|
|00005da0| 6f 72 70 6f 72 61 74 65 | 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 |orporate|d into a|
|00005db0| 0a 6c 61 72 67 65 20 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 |.large p|rogram i|
|00005dc0| 73 6e 27 74 20 61 20 63 | 6f 6e 74 72 69 62 75 74 |sn't a c|ontribut|
|00005dd0| 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 61 | 20 63 6f 6c 6c 65 63 74 |ion to a| collect|
|00005de0| 69 76 65 20 77 6f 72 6b | 2c 0a 62 75 74 20 61 20 |ive work|,.but a |
|00005df0| 73 74 61 6e 64 2d 61 6c | 6f 6e 65 20 70 72 6f 67 |stand-al|one prog|
|00005e00| 72 61 6d 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 69 73 20 70 61 63 |ram whic|h is pac|
|00005e10| 6b 61 67 65 64 20 61 6e | 64 20 73 6f 6c 64 0a 77 |kaged an|d sold.w|
|00005e20| 69 74 68 20 6f 74 68 65 | 72 20 73 74 61 6e 64 2d |ith othe|r stand-|
|00005e30| 61 6c 6f 6e 65 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 63 |alone pr|ograms c|
|00005e40| 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 2e | 20 20 20 0a 2e 70 67 0a |ould be.| ..pg.|
|00005e50| 53 6f 20 77 68 65 72 65 | 20 61 72 65 20 77 65 3f |So where| are we?|
|00005e60| 20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 | 20 61 72 65 20 61 20 63 | If you| are a c|
|00005e70| 6f 6e 74 72 61 63 74 0a | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d |ontract.|programm|
|00005e80| 65 72 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 61 6e 20 65 6d 70 6c 6f |er, not |an emplo|
|00005e90| 79 65 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 79 6f 75 72 20 70 72 |yee, and| your pr|
|00005ea0| 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 69 73 | 20 61 0a 2e 69 20 22 63 |ogram is| a..i "c|
|00005eb0| 6f 6d 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 65 64 20 77 6f 72 6b |ommissio|ned work|
|00005ec0| 22 20 2c 0a 61 6e 64 20 | 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 65 |" ,.and |you have|
|00005ed0| 20 61 20 77 72 69 74 74 | 65 6e 20 61 67 72 65 65 | a writt|en agree|
|00005ee0| 6d 65 6e 74 0a 74 68 61 | 74 20 73 61 79 73 20 74 |ment.tha|t says t|
|00005ef0| 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 |hat the |program |
|00005f00| 69 73 20 61 20 5c 2a 28 | 6c 71 77 6f 72 6b 20 66 |is a \*(|lqwork f|
|00005f10| 6f 72 20 68 69 72 65 5c | 2a 28 72 71 20 6f 77 6e |or hire\|*(rq own|
|00005f20| 65 64 20 62 79 0a 74 68 | 65 20 67 72 65 65 64 79 |ed by.th|e greedy|
|00005f30| 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e 79 | 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 6f 77 | company|, who ow|
|00005f40| 6e 73 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 3f 20 |ns the p|rogram? |
|00005f50| 20 54 68 61 74 27 73 20 | 72 69 67 68 74 2c 0a 74 | That's |right,.t|
|00005f60| 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 | 6e 79 2e 20 20 42 75 74 |he compa|ny. But|
|00005f70| 20 67 75 65 73 73 20 77 | 68 61 74 3f 20 20 49 6e | guess w|hat? In|
|00005f80| 20 43 61 6c 69 66 6f 72 | 6e 69 61 20 61 6e 64 0a | Califor|nia and.|
|00005f90| 65 6c 73 65 77 68 65 72 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f |elsewher|e the co|
|00005fa0| 6d 70 61 6e 79 20 6a 75 | 73 74 20 62 65 63 61 6d |mpany ju|st becam|
|00005fb0| 65 20 79 6f 75 72 20 65 | 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 72 21 |e your e|mployer!|
|00005fc0| 20 20 54 68 69 73 0a 6d | 65 61 6e 73 20 74 68 61 | This.m|eans tha|
|00005fd0| 74 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f | 6d 70 61 6e 79 20 6d 75 |t the co|mpany mu|
|00005fe0| 73 74 20 6e 6f 77 20 70 | 72 6f 76 69 64 65 20 77 |st now p|rovide w|
|00005ff0| 6f 72 6b 65 72 27 73 0a | 63 6f 6d 70 65 6e 73 61 |orker's.|compensa|
|00006000| 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 65 6e | 65 66 69 74 73 20 66 6f |tion ben|efits fo|
|00006010| 72 20 79 6f 75 0a 2e 62 | 20 22 41 4e 44 20 55 4e |r you..b| "AND UN|
|00006020| 45 4d 50 4c 4f 59 4d 45 | 4e 54 20 49 4e 53 55 52 |EMPLOYME|NT INSUR|
|00006030| 41 4e 43 45 22 20 2e 0a | 2e 68 6e 20 31 0a 41 20 |ANCE" ..|.hn 1.A |
|00006040| 42 72 69 65 66 20 57 6f | 72 64 20 41 62 6f 75 74 |Brief Wo|rd About|
|00006050| 20 4c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 | 73 2e 20 0a 2e 68 6e 20 | License|s. ..hn |
|00006060| 32 0a 57 68 79 20 61 20 | 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 3f |2.Why a |license?|
|00006070| 0a 2e 70 67 0a 57 68 65 | 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 67 65 |..pg.Whe|n you ge|
|00006080| 74 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 | 72 65 20 61 74 20 74 68 |t softwa|re at th|
|00006090| 65 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 | 66 69 76 65 20 61 6e 64 |e local |five and|
|000060a0| 20 64 69 6d 65 2c 20 74 | 68 65 0a 6d 61 6e 75 66 | dime, t|he.manuf|
|000060b0| 61 63 74 75 72 65 72 20 | 63 6c 61 69 6d 73 20 74 |acturer |claims t|
|000060c0| 68 61 74 20 79 6f 75 20 | 68 61 76 65 20 61 20 6c |hat you |have a l|
|000060d0| 69 63 65 6e 73 65 20 74 | 6f 20 75 73 65 20 74 68 |icense t|o use th|
|000060e0| 61 74 0a 63 6f 70 79 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 |at.copy |of the p|
|000060f0| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2e 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 72 65 61 |rogram. | The rea|
|00006100| 73 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 |son for |this is |
|00006110| 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 | 0a 6d 61 6e 75 66 61 63 |that the|.manufac|
|00006120| 74 75 72 65 72 20 77 61 | 6e 74 73 20 74 6f 20 70 |turer wa|nts to p|
|00006130| 6c 61 63 65 20 6d 6f 72 | 65 20 72 65 73 74 72 69 |lace mor|e restri|
|00006140| 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f | 6e 20 79 6f 75 72 0a 75 |ctions o|n your.u|
|00006150| 73 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |se of th|e progra|
|00006160| 6d 20 74 68 61 6e 20 63 | 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 |m than c|opyright|
|00006170| 20 6c 61 77 20 70 6c 61 | 63 65 73 2e 20 20 46 6f | law pla|ces. Fo|
|00006180| 72 0a 65 78 61 6d 70 6c | 65 2c 20 6c 69 63 65 6e |r.exampl|e, licen|
|00006190| 73 65 73 20 74 79 70 69 | 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 73 61 |ses typi|cally sa|
|000061a0| 79 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 | 6e 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 75 |y you ca|n only u|
|000061b0| 73 65 20 74 68 65 0a 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 6f |se the.p|rogram o|
|000061c0| 6e 20 61 20 73 69 6e 67 | 6c 65 20 64 65 73 69 67 |n a sing|le desig|
|000061d0| 6e 61 74 65 64 20 43 50 | 55 2e 20 20 4e 6f 74 68 |nated CP|U. Noth|
|000061e0| 69 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 0a 63 6f 70 79 72 |ing in t|he.copyr|
|000061f0| 69 67 68 74 20 6c 61 77 | 20 73 61 79 73 20 74 68 |ight law| says th|
|00006200| 61 74 2e 20 20 53 6f 6d | 65 20 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 |at. Som|e licens|
|00006210| 65 73 20 73 61 79 20 79 | 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 6e 6f |es say y|ou canno|
|00006220| 74 0a 6d 61 6b 65 20 61 | 6e 20 61 72 63 68 69 76 |t.make a|n archiv|
|00006230| 65 20 63 6f 70 79 2e 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 63 6f 70 |e copy. | The cop|
|00006240| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6c | 61 77 20 73 61 79 73 20 |yright l|aw says |
|00006250| 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 2c | 0a 72 65 6d 65 6d 62 65 |you can,|.remembe|
|00006260| 72 3f 20 20 42 75 74 20 | 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 6c |r? But |if the l|
|00006270| 69 63 65 6e 73 65 20 69 | 73 20 61 20 76 61 6c 69 |icense i|s a vali|
|00006280| 64 20 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 | 65 2c 20 6e 6f 77 0a 79 |d licens|e, now.y|
|00006290| 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 27 74 | 2e 20 20 59 6f 75 20 63 |ou can't|. You c|
|000062a0| 61 6e 20 73 65 6c 6c 20 | 6f 72 20 67 69 76 65 20 |an sell |or give |
|000062b0| 61 77 61 79 20 79 6f 75 | 72 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6f |away you|r copy o|
|000062c0| 66 20 61 0a 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 20 69 66 20 79 |f a.prog|ram if y|
|000062d0| 6f 75 20 70 75 72 63 68 | 61 73 65 64 20 69 74 2c |ou purch|ased it,|
|000062e0| 20 72 69 67 68 74 3f 20 | 20 54 68 61 74 27 73 20 | right? | That's |
|000062f0| 70 65 72 6d 69 74 74 65 | 64 20 62 79 0a 63 6f 70 |permitte|d by.cop|
|00006300| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6c | 61 77 2c 20 62 75 74 20 |yright l|aw, but |
|00006310| 74 68 65 20 6c 69 63 65 | 6e 73 65 20 6d 61 79 20 |the lice|nse may |
|00006320| 70 72 6f 68 69 62 69 74 | 20 69 74 2e 20 20 54 68 |prohibit| it. Th|
|00006330| 65 0a 6d 6f 72 65 20 72 | 65 73 74 72 69 63 74 69 |e.more r|estricti|
|00006340| 76 65 20 74 65 72 6d 73 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |ve terms| of the |
|00006350| 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 70 70 |license |will app|
|00006360| 6c 79 20 69 6e 73 74 65 | 61 64 0a 6f 66 20 74 68 |ly inste|ad.of th|
|00006370| 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 6c | 69 62 65 72 61 6c 20 63 |e more l|iberal c|
|00006380| 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 | 20 72 75 6c 65 73 2e 0a |opyright| rules..|
|00006390| 2e 68 6e 20 32 0a 49 73 | 20 69 74 20 76 61 6c 69 |.hn 2.Is| it vali|
|000063a0| 64 3f 0a 2e 70 67 0a 49 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 |d?..pg.I|s the li|
|000063b0| 63 65 6e 73 65 20 76 61 | 6c 69 64 3f 20 20 54 68 |cense va|lid? Th|
|000063c0| 69 73 20 69 73 20 68 6f | 74 6c 79 20 64 65 62 61 |is is ho|tly deba|
|000063d0| 74 65 64 0a 61 6d 6f 6e | 67 20 6c 61 77 79 65 72 |ted.amon|g lawyer|
|000063e0| 73 2e 20 20 28 57 68 61 | 74 20 69 73 6e 27 74 3f |s. (Wha|t isn't?|
|000063f0| 20 20 57 65 27 6c 6c 20 | 61 72 67 75 65 20 61 62 | We'll |argue ab|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
Only 25.0 KB of data is shown above.