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- LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
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- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- lyap - display an array of Lyapunov exponents graphically
-
- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- _l_y_a_p [-BLps][-W width][-H height][-o filename][-a _n ] [-b _n
- ] [-w _n ] [-h _n ] [-i xstart] [-M _n ] [-R _p ] [-S _n
- ] [-D _n ] [-F string][-f string][-r _n ] [-O _n ] [-C
- _n ] [-c _n ] [-m _n ] [-x xpos] [-y ypos]
-
- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- _l_y_a_p generates and graphically displays an array of Lyapunov
- exponents for a variety of iterated periodically forced
- non-linear maps of the unit interval.
-
- OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- -C _n Specifies the minimum color index to be used for
- negative exponents
-
- -D _n Specifies the "dwell" or number of iterations over
- which to average in order to calculate the Lyapunov
- exponent. Default is 400.
-
- -H _n Specifies the height of the window. Default is 256.
-
- -L Indicates use log(x) + log(y) rather than log(xy).
-
- -M _r Specifies the real value to compare exponent values
- to for indexing into a color wheel. The default
- value is 1.0.
-
- -O _n Specifies the minimum color index to be used for
- positive exponents
-
- -R _p Specifies pseudo-random forcing with probability _p
- of using parameter value 'a'.
-
- -S _n Specifies the "settle" or number of iterations prior
- to the beginning of the calculation of the Lyapunov
- exponent. Default is 200.
-
- -W _n Specifies the width of the window. Default is 256.
-
- -a _r Specifies the real value to use as the minimum
- parameter value of the horizontal axis. Default is
- 3.0 for the logistic map.
-
- -b _n Specifies the real value to use as the minimum
- parameter value of the vertical axis. Default is 3.0
- for the logistic map.
-
- -c _n Selects one of six different color wheels to use.
- The default color wheel is a rainbow palette.
-
-
-
- Page 1 (printed 7/25/95)
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- LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
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-
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- -F _1_0_1_0_1_0_1_0
- Specifies the "Function" forcing function to use.
- The example above would alternate between iterating
- the circle and logistic maps. An argument of "-F
- 2323" would alternate between left and right
- logistic maps. The default is to only use the single
- specified map (see the description of -m).
-
- -f _a_b_b_a_b_a_a_b
- Specifies the forcing function to use. The default
- is to alternate between the "a" parameter and the
- "b" parameter.
-
- -h _r Specifies the real value to be used as the range
- over which the vertical parameter values vary. The
- default is 1.0.
-
- -i _r Specifies the real value of the initial condition to
- use. Default is 0.05.
-
- -m _n Selects between available non-linear maps of the
- unit interval. A value of 0 specifies the logistic
- map. A value of 1, the circle map. A value of 2, the
- left-logistic. A value of 3, the right-logistic. A
- value of 4, the double-logistic. The default is 0,
- the logistic map.
-
- -o _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
- Specifies the output filename to be used. If the -o
- option is given, this file will automatically be
- written out at the completion of the drawing. If it
- is not specified, a default filename of lyap.out is
- used and only written if the 'F' key is pressed
- during a run. The format of the output file is PPM
- for color and PGM for monochrome. The parameters
- used to calculate the picture are included as
- comments at the beginning of the file.
-
- -p Switches color indices for negative and positive
- exponents. Generally, causes negative exponents to
- be displayed in more detail while darkening and
- narrowing the color range for positive exponents.
- This can be toggled during runtime by pressing the
- 'p' key.
-
- -r _n Specifies the maximum rgb value to be used. Default
- is 35000.
-
- -s _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
- Specifies the output filename to be used when saving
- for a later restart. If the -s option is given, this
- file will automatically be written out at the
-
-
-
- Page 2 (printed 7/25/95)
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- LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
-
-
-
- completion of the drawing. If it is not specified, a
- default filename of lyap.sav is used and only
- written if the 'f' key is pressed during a run. The
- color indices are saved for picture restoration. The
- parameters and other variables necessary to resume
- calculation are stored as well. You can therefore
- use the -s option or 'f' key to temporarily save the
- program's state and resume at a later time.
-
- -u Produces a usage message.
-
- -v Prints out the various values to be used and exits.
-
- -w _r Specifies the real value to be used as the range
- over which the horizontal parameter values vary. The
- default is 1.0.
-
- -x _n Specifies the x screen coordinate of the window
- (default is 256).
-
- -y _n Specifies the y screen coordinate of the window
- (default is 256).
-
-
-
- NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS
- During display, pressing any mouse button allows you to
- select the area to be investigated with the mouse. The upper
- left hand corner of the desired area is the location of the
- cursor when the button is pressed. The lower right hand
- corner is specified by the cursor when the button is
- released.
-
-
- Use of the keys _d_D_e_E_f_F_k_K_j_J_m_n_r_R_s_S_u_U_w_W_x_X_q_Q indicates:
-
- (<) Halve dwell value.
- (>) Double dwell value.
- ([) Halve settle value.
- (]) Double settle value.
- (d) Descends the ladder of lyap windows if a ladder has
- previously been ascended via the 'u' or 'U' keys.
- (D) Flushes the drawing buffer
- (E or e) Recalculate the indices into the color wheel
- using a different method
- (f) Save current screen to lyap format ouput file for
- later continuation
- (F) Save current screen to PPM format ouput file for
- later redisplay
- (H or h or ?) Display brief help message
- (i) Decrement the interval between stripes for the
- striped color map.
-
-
-
- Page 3 (printed 7/25/95)
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- LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
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-
-
- (I) Increment the interval between stripes for the
- striped color map.
- (K) Decrease value exponents are compared against by
- 0.05.
- (J) Increase value exponents are compared against by
- 0.05.
- (M) Decrease value exponents are compared against by
- 0.005.
- (N) Increase value exponents are compared against by
- 0.005.
- (m) Increment the map index, changing the map to be
- iterated.
- (P or p) Toggle positive/negative exponent display.
- (r) Redraw the window using previously calculated
- exponents.
- (R) Redraw the window using the newly set dwell and/or
- settle values.
- (S) Spin the color wheel
- (s) Halve the length of the spin and spin the color
- wheel
- (u) Go up to the window just prior to the most recent
- zoom.
- (U) Go all the way up to the original window.
- (V or v) Display values of various parameters currently
- in use
- (W or w) Use next color map.
- (<ctrl>-W) Use color map in $HOME/.lyapmap
- (X or x) Clear window
- (Q or q) quit
-
-
-
- AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRR
- Ronald Joe Record
- The Santa Cruz Operation
- P.O. Box 1900
- Santa Cruz, CA 95061
- rr@sco.com
-
-
-
- AAAACCCCKKKKNNNNOOOOWWWWLLLLEEEEDDDDGGGGEEEEMMMMEEEENNNNTTTTSSSS
- The algorithm was taken from the September 1991 Scientific
- American article by A. K. Dewdney who gives credit to Mario
- Markus of the Max Planck Institute for its creation.
- Additional information and ideas were gleaned from the
- discussion on alt.fractals involving Stephen Hall, Ed
- Kubaitis, Dave Platt and Baback Moghaddam. Assistance with
- colormaps and spinning color wheels and X was gleaned from
- Hiram Clawson. Rubber banding code was adapted from an
- existing Mandelbrot program written by Stacey Campbell.
-
-
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- Page 4 (printed 7/25/95)
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