home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
-
- LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX))))
-
-
-
- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- lds - generate and display a lattice dynamical system
-
- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- _l_d_s [-2APcdmpq] [-W _w_i_d_t_h] [-H _h_e_i_g_h_t] [-w _w_i_d_e] [-h _h_i_g_h]
- [-i _i_n_i_t] [-n _l_a_m_b_d_a ] [-b _n ] [-F _f_r_e_q] [-B _f | _r | _n ]
- [-C _e_p_s_i_l_o_n_1 ] [-L _e_p_s_i_l_o_n_2 ] [-R _e_p_s_i_l_o_n_3 ] [-r _d_e_l_t_a ]
- [-E _r_h_o ] [-M _o_m_e_g_a ] [-T _h_e_i_g_h_t] [-o _f_n_a_m_e]
-
-
-
- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- _l_d_s generates and displays a sequence of curves or cellular
- automata like figures which graphically represent the
- evolution of a Lattice Dynamical System (LDS). An LDS is an
- array of cells, each of which represents a dynamical system.
- Each cell is coupled to its nearest neighbors. The dynamical
- systems available in this software package are currently the
- logistic map, circle map and tent map. The state of each
- cell in the LDS is a real number in the unit interval. The
- evolution of the lattice is determined by an iteration thru
- the specified dynamic (e.g. the logistic equation) followed
- by a weighted averaging with its nearest neighbors.
-
- By default, _l_d_s calculates and displays a 1-dimensional LDS.
- A 2-dimensional LDS can be specified on the command line
- (see the descriptions of the -_h, -_2 and -_H options below).
- In the 2-D case, nearest neighbors are defined to be left,
- right, upper and lower (no diagonal neighbors). In the 1-D
- case, nearest neighbors are simply left and right.
-
- Command line arguments and run-time keyboard input allow lds
- to simulate a wide variety of lattice dynamical systems. The
- user can specify the dynamic to be used, the non-linearity
- parameter, the strength of coupling, the initial conditions,
- the size of the array, the lenght of the run, whether and
- how to evolve connection strengths, and more. During the
- run, the display of an evolving 1-D LDS can either be CA-
- like with each generation being represented as a horizontal
- line evolving upward in the window or as points or a curve
- with X axis the lattice and Y-axis the cell states [0,1].
- The display of an evolving 2-D LDS can either be CA-like
- with each generation being represented as a rectangle
- evolving upward in the window or as points or a curve with X
- axis the projected lattice and Y-axis the cell states [0,1].
- In addition, graphical display of cell states can be toggled
- between actual state and phase difference with left
- neighbor.
-
- Site and spatial histogram windows can also be displayed.
- The X-axis for the site histogram curve is the unit interval
- [0,1] while the Y-axis is the number of lattice sites which
-
-
-
- Page 1 (printed 7/3/94)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX))))
-
-
-
- have taken on that value. The X-axis for the spatial
- histogram window is the projection of the lattice down onto
- its horizontal width while the Y-axis is the unit interval
- [0,1].
-
- Lattice dynamical systems are also referred to as coupled
- map lattices.
-
-
- OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- ----2222
- Default to a two dimensional lattice. Defaults for width
- and height are now 256x256.
- ----AAAA
- Creates site histogram curve
- ----pppp
- Indicates draw phase 1st differences
- ----qqqq
- Indicates not to draw "quilt" style. In quilt mode, the
- lattice is moved upward in the window each generation (if
- the window is larger than the lattice). If the "-q" option
- is specified, subseqeunt generations overwrite the previous
- one.
- ----cccc
- Indicates draw curves
- ----PPPP
- Indicates draw points (when in curve drawing mode)
- ----mmmm
- Indicates monochrome plot
- ----BBBB [[[[ ffff |||| rrrr |||| _b]
- Selects fixed zero, random, or specified fixed value of
- boundaries. Option -Bf sets boundaries to zero; -Br
- selects randomly fluctuating boundaries; and -Bb assigns
- value 0 < b < 1 to boundaries. The default boundary
- specification is periodic.
- ----wwww _n
- Indicates the lattice is _n cells wide (default is full
- screen)
- ----hhhh _n
- Indicates the lattice is _n cells high (default is 1 in
- the absense of the -_2 argument and 256 when -_2 is specified)
- ----WWWW _n
- Indicates the windows are _n pixels wide (default is full
- screen)
- ----HHHH _n
- Indicates the windows are _n pixels high (default is full
- screen in the absense of the -_2 argument and 256 when -_2 is
- specified)
- ----iiii [[[[ pppp _n | _n_n_n_n | r ]
- Selects initial condition. Option -ip _n indicates
- periodic initial conditions with frequency _n. Option -i
- _n_n_n_n_n indicates center cells are given values _1/_n.
-
-
-
- Page 2 (printed 7/3/94)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX))))
-
-
-
- Option -ir selects random initial conditions (which is
- the default)
- ----nnnn [[[[ rrrr |||| llll |||| pppp _m | lambda ]
- Selects non-linearity parameter values (default is 3.7).
- Option -nr selects randomly assigned non-linearity
- parameters. Option -nl selects linearly assigned non-
- linearity parameters. Option -np _m selects periodically
- assigned non-linearity parameters with frequency _m.
- Option -n lambda selects non-linearity parameter lambda
- for all sites.
- ----bbbb _n
- Begin graphing at generation _n (default is 1)
- ----FFFF _n
- Indicates display every _n'_t_h generation (1 is default)
- ----CCCC _e_p_s_i_l_o_n_1
- Indicates weight of center cell (default 0.9) where 0 <
- epsilon1 < 1.
- ----LLLL _e_p_s_i_l_o_n_2
- Indicates weight of left neighbor (default 0.05) where 0
- < epsilon2 < 1.
- ----RRRR _e_p_s_i_l_o_n_3
- Indicates weight of right neighbor (default 0.05) where 0
- < epsilon3 < 1.
- ----rrrr _d_e_l_t_a
- Indicates range outside of which differences are graphed
- (0 < delta < 1) This value also serves as the determining
- distance over which connection strengths weaken rather
- than strengthen (when the -E flag is specified).
- ----EEEE _r_h_o
- Indicates the rate at which connection strengths evolve
- (0 < rho < 1). Connection strengths do not change if no
- -E flag is present.
- ----MMMM _o_m_e_g_a
- Selects circle map
- ----TTTT _h_e_i_g_h_t
- Selects tent map
- ----oooo _f_n_a_m_e
- Outputs graphed generations to file _f_n_a_m_e.
-
-
- NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS
- In the absence of either the -M or -T arguments, the
- logistic map is used.
-
- During display, use of the keys _1_2_3_4_5_6_7_8_9+-
- <>_B_D_E_F_H_I_L_P_Q_R_S_W_X_c_d_f_h_i_m_p_s_w_x_q? indicates:
-
- (_1-_9) _S_e_t _t_h_e _f_r_e_q_u_e_n_c_y _t_o _1-_9
- (+) _I_n_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _f_r_e_q_u_e_n_c_y _b_y _1
- (-) _D_e_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _f_r_e_q_u_e_n_c_y _b_y _1
- (>) _D_o_u_b_l_e _t_h_e _f_r_e_q_u_e_n_c_y
- (<) _H_a_l_v_e _t_h_e _f_r_e_q_u_e_n_c_y
-
-
-
- Page 3 (printed 7/3/94)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX))))
-
-
-
- _(_B_) _B_e_g_i_n _a_g_a_i_n
- _(_c_) _t_o_g_g_l_e _c_u_r_v_e_/_c_e_l_l _d_i_s_p_l_a_y
- _(_d_) _d_r_a_w
- _(_D_) _F_l_u_s_h _t_h_e _d_r_a_w_i_n_g _b_u_f_f_e_r
- _(_E_) _E_r_a_s_e _e_a_c_h _g_e_n_e_r_a_t_i_o_n
- _(_f _o_r _F_) _S_a_v_e _t_h_e _d_r_a_w_i_n_g _w_i_n_d_o_w _t_o _a _f_i_l_e
- _(_h_) _D_i_s_p_l_a_y _h_i_s_t_o_g_r_a_m _c_u_r_v_e
- _(_H_) _H_i_s_t_o_g_r_a_m _t_r_a_c_k_i_n_g _t_o_g_g_l_e_d
- _(_I_) _I_n_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _s_t_r_i_p_e _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l
- _(_i_) _D_e_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _s_t_r_i_p_e _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l
- _(_L_) _L_i_n_e_s _d_r_a_w_n
- _(_m_) _m_u_l_t_i_-_s_t_e_p
- _(_p_) _T_o_g_g_l_e _d_i_s_p_l_a_y _o_f _p_h_a_s_e _1_s_t _d_i_f_f_e_r_e_n_c_e_s
- _(_P_) _P_o_i_n_t_s _d_r_a_w_n
- _(_R_) _S_p_i_n _t_h_e _c_o_l_o_r _w_h_e_e_l
- _(_s_) _s_i_n_g_l_e _s_t_e_p
- _(_S_) _S_p_i_n _t_h_e _c_o_l_o_r _w_h_e_e_l _a_n_d _i_n_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _s_p_i_n _l_e_n_g_t_h
- _(_w_) _D_e_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _c_o_l_o_r _w_h_e_e_l _i_n_d_e_x
- _(_W_) _I_n_c_r_e_m_e_n_t _t_h_e _c_o_l_o_r _w_h_e_e_l _i_n_d_e_x
- _(_x_) _C_l_e_a_r _t_h_e _w_i_n_d_o_w
- _(_X_) _T_o_g_g_l_e _c_o_m_p_l_e_x _d_y_n_a_m_i_c_a_l _s_y_s_t_e_m_s _m_o_d_e
- _(_Q _o_r _q_) _q_u_i_t
-
-
-
- AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRR
- _l_d_s was written by Ronald Record. Questions, suggestions,
- and comments may be directed via e-mail to rr@sco.com or
- ...uunet!sco!rr.
-
-
-
- RRRREEEEFFFFEEEERRRREEEENNNNCCCCEEEESSSS
- The literature is sparse but includes the following
- excellent papers :
-
- "Lyapunov Analysis and Information Flow in Coupled Map
- Lattices" by Kunihiko Kaneko, Physica 23D (1986) 436-447
-
- "Spatiotemporal Chaos in One- and Two- Dimensional Coupled
- Map Lattices" by Kaneko
-
- "Spatiotemporal Chaos and Noise" by Gottfried Mayer-Kress
- and Kaneko, J. Stat. Phys.(1988)
-
- "Pattern Competition Intermittency and Selective Flicker
- Noise in Spatiotemporal Chaos" by Kaneko, Physics Letters A,
- V125, 1 (1987)
-
- "Pattern Dynamics in Spatiotemporal Chaos" by Kaneko (1987)
-
- "Phenomenology of Spatial-Temporal Chaos" by Jim Crutchfield
-
-
-
- Page 4 (printed 7/3/94)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLDDDDSSSS((((6666XXXX))))
-
-
-
- and Kaneko, appearing as a chapter in "Directions in Chaos"
- edited by Hao Bai-lin, World Scientific Publishing (1987)
-
- "Robust Space-Time Intermittency and 1/f Noise" by James
- Keeler and Doyne Farmer, Physica 23D (1986) 413-435
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Page 5 (printed 7/3/94)
-
-
-
-