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- BENCHMARKING RESULTS[1]
-
- written by Bonnie Burkhardt
- May 1985
-
- GTE Government Systems Group
- Western Division
- 100 Ferguson Drive
- Mountain View, CA 94039
-
-
-
- INTRODUCTION
-
- The purpose of the benchmarking tests was to provide a comparison
- between Ada[2] compilers and between compilers for various languages.
- The information gathered for comparison includes the number of
- instructions executed per unit time, compile time, link time, and size
- of the executable image.
-
-
- PROCEDURE AND RESULTS
-
- All tests were run on a quiescent system. A Dec VAX 11/780 with
- eight megabytes of main memory and VMS version 4.0 operating system
- was used for all the benchmark tests, except where noted otherwise.
-
- The benchmark programs used were the Whetstone Benchmark[3] and
- the Dhrystone Benchmark[4]. The Whetstone benchmark program did not
- include the procedure POUT in order to eliminate any timing
- differences caused by the system's handling of output. For more
- details about the Whetstone benchmark program, see "Timing Studies
- Using a Synthetic Whetstone Benchmark"[5].
-
- A comparison between Ada compilers was accomplished by running
- the Ada Whetstone benchmark on six different Ada compilers and
- Dhrystone benchmark three different Ada compilers. The Ada compilers
- were those produced by Dec, ICSC, and Telesoft. In order to provide a
- comparison between languages, the Whetstone benchmark test was
- translated into four different programming languages, Ada, FORTRAN77,
- Pascal, and 'C'. The Whetstone test was then run on the respective
- compilers. It was inappropriate to translate the Dhrystone test to
- any other language since it was designed to be an Ada benckmark.
-
- ---------------
- 1. This work was performed under NOSC contract N6601-85-C-0041, Naval
- Ocean Systems Center, San Diego, CA 92152.
- 2. Ada is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Defense
- Ada Joint Program Office.
- 3. H.J.Curnow and B.A.Wichmann, "The Synthetic Whetstone Benchmark",
- Computer Journal, February 1976, pages 46-49.
- 4. Reinhold P. Weicker, "Dhrystone: A Synthetic Systems Programming
- Benchmark", Communications of the ACM, October 1984, pages 1013-1030.
- 5. Sam Harbaugh and John A. Forakis, "Timing Studies Using a
- Synthetic Whetstone Benchmark", Ada Letters, September-October 1984.
-
- Page 2
-
-
- The execution speed of the code compiled was tested with various
- optimization criteria, such as optimize=TIME, optimize=SPACE, and
- NOOPTIMIZE. A comparison was also obtained showing the timing
- differences of referencing a system math library verses a stubbed math
- library. These variations resulted in an additional set of Whetstone
- test cases in Ada, Pascal, FORTRAN77, and 'C'. The full math library
- was not tested on the Telesoft compiler since the MATHLIB did not
- include the ATAN function.
-
- Additional test cases were also used to compare the benchmark
- with full pragma suppress and one with none. This resulted in
- additional test cases for both the Whetstone and Dhrystone benchmark
- tests.
-
- The results are as follows:
-
- DHRYSTONE RATING
- (in Dhrystone statements per second)
-
- FULL NO
- LANGUAGE COMPILER CHECKS CHECKS
- +--------+----------------------+--------+--------+
- | Ada | DEC Micro Vax I | 44286 | 63015 |
- | | field test v2.0 | | |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v1.0 | 109036 | |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0 | 126586 | 157685 |
- +--------+----------------------+--------+--------+
- NOTE: The Dhrystone speed rating assumes that each execution cycle of
- the program performs 100 Dhrystone instructions.
-
-
-
-
- SIZE OF WHETSTONE EXECUTABLE CODE (in Kbytes)
- and COMPILE TIME (in minutes : seconds)
-
- TOTAL COMPILE LINK TOTAL
- LANGUAGE COMPILER SIZE TIME TIME TIME
- +-----------+----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | ICSC v3.0 | 36 | 0:42 | 0:35 | 1:12 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v1.0 | 12 | 1:05 | 0:17 | 1:16 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0 | 12 | 0:59 | 0:17 | 1:16 |
- | Ada | DEC Micro VAX I | | 2:37 | 0:44 | 3:21 |
- | | Ada field test v2.0 | | | | |
- | Ada | DEC VAXStation I | 12.5 | 3:16 | 1:06 | 4:22 |
- | | Ada v1.0 | | | | |
- | Ada | Telesoft v2.1 | 7 | 5:12 | -- | 5:12 |
- | FORTRAN77 | DEC v4.0 | 4.5 | 0:11 | 0:06 | 0:17 |
- | PASCAL | DEC v2.4 | 5.5 | 0:16 | 0:06 | 0:22 |
- | C | DEC v1.5 | 26 | 0:23 | 0:13 | 0:36 |
- +-----------+----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
- NOTE: The Telesoft v2.1 compiler performs the compile and the link
- as one function.
-
-
- Page 3
-
-
-
- WHETSTONE RATING
- (in KWIPS -- Kilo Whetstone Instructions per second)
-
-
-
- CODE STUBBED FULL
- OPTIMIZE CHECKS MATH MATH
- LANGUAGE COMPILER OPTIONS INCLUDED LIBRARY LIBRARY
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | ICSC v3.0 | DEFAULT | NONE | 356 | |
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v1.0| TIME | NONE | 1488 | 1119 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v1.0| TIME | ALL | 1269 | 1013 |
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0| TIME | NONE | 2094 | 1624 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0| TIME | ALL | 1884 | 1507 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0| SPACE | NONE | 1013 | 938 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0| SPACE | ALL | 918 | 851 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0| NOOPTIMIZE| NONE | 852 | 778 |
- | Ada | DEC Pre-release v2.0| NOOPTIMIZE| ALL | 721 | 670 |
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | DEC Micro VAX I | TIME | NONE | 415 | 243 |
- | | Ada field test v2.0| | | | |
- | Ada | DEC Micro VAX I | TIME | ALL | 303 | 209 |
- | | Ada field test v2.0| | | | |
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | DEC VAXStation I | TIME | NONE | 454 | 262 |
- | | Ada compiler v1.0 | | | | |
- | Ada | DEC VAXStation I | TIME | ALL | 415 | 253 |
- | | Ada compiler v1.0 | | | | |
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | Ada | Telesoft v2.1 | DEFAULT | NONE | 198 | |
- | Ada | Telesoft v2.1 | DEFAULT | ALL | 81 | |
- | Ada | Telesoft v3.2 | DEFAULT | -TBD- | -TBD- | |
- +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+-------+-------+
- | FORTRAN77| DEC v4.0 | DEFAULT | NONE | 1278 | 1169 |
- | FORTRAN77| DEC v4.0 | DEFAUL280 | 1178 |
- | FO +----------+---------------------+-----------+--------+--- | PASCAL | DEC v2.4 | DEFAULT | NONE | 1 | PASCAL | DEC v2.4 | DEFAULT | DEFAULT| | PASCAL | DEC v2.4 | DEFAULT
- FORTRAN = (OVERFLOW,NOBOUNDS,NOUNDERFLOW)
- PASCAL = (BOUNDS,NOCASE_SELECTORS,NOOVERFLOW,NOPOINTERS,NOSUBRANGE)
- 'C' = (OPTIMIZE ALL)
-
-
- Page 4
-
-
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
-
- I wish to acknowledge the programming efforts of Louis Ma and
- Doris Sayon of GTE Corp., Mountain View, California. Also, I would
- like to thank the Zilog Company for the loan of the ICSC compiler and
- Dr. Sam Harbaugh for review of this paper.
-
-
- LISTINGS
-
- The Ada Dhrystone listings and the Whetstone listings written in
- Ada, Pascal, 'C', and FORTRAN may be obtained by writing to the author
- at GTE Government Systems Group, Western Division, Mail Stop 6241, 100
- Ferguson Drive, Mountain View, CA 94039 or by MILNET/ARPANET by
- request to HARBAUGHS@EGLIN-VAX.
-
-