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- Abstract from TI NOSC Technical Report
- Full Technical Report is Available from the DoD Ada Software Repository
- on SIMTEL20
- Prepared by Richard Conn, TI Ada Technology Branch, 26 Sep 85
-
-
- CHAPTER 3
-
- SOFTWARE PRODUCTIVITY INFORMATION
-
-
-
- In this chapter, Texas Instruments reports on Software life
- cycle labor distribution (as gathered from our labor collection
- system), productivity (LOC) and experiences with software reuse.
-
-
- < Detail Omitted >
-
-
- 3.2 SOFTWARE LIFE CYCLE LABOR DISTRIBUTION
-
- In order that proper tracking of project hours could be
- accomplished, we established labor categories reflective of the SW
- life cycle within our labor reporting system. As the engineers
- advanced thru the life cycle, time was charged to the charge
- number corresponding to the phase. Analysis of the data indicates
- hours were spent as follows. Several numbers in this data may
- appear suspect; this is how the labor system recorded it; the
- accuracy of this data is subject to the normal problem of humans
- inputting the correct data.
-
-
- Virtual | Spelling | Style | Batch/Forms
- Terminal | Corrector | Checker | Generator
- ======== | ========= | ======= | ===========
- Requirements | | |
- System Spec | 11 1% | |
- Preliminary Design | 458 30% | 416 28% | 397 29%
- Users manual 16 1% | 100 7% | 35 2% | 35 3%
- Detailed design 344 20% | 40 3% | 148 10% | 223 16%
- Implementation 634 37% | 604 40% | 517 35% | 559 40%
- Training 8 0% | 8 1% | 12 1% | 8 1%
- Integration | | | 4 0%
- Qaulity Assurance 26 2% | | |
- Testing 594 35% | 226 15% | 273 18% | 79 6%
- Data management 4 0% | | |
- Configuration Mgt 1 0% | 3 0% | 3 0% | 1 0%
- ------------------ | | |
- Sub Total 1627 | 1450 |1404 | 1306
- Program Management 76 4% | 76 5% | 75 5% | 75 5%
- ------------------ | | |
- Grand Total 1703 | 1526 |1479 | 1381
- Manmonths 9.84 | 8.82 |8.58 | 7.98
-
- * Note: Percentages do not total to 100% due to roundoff errors
-
-
- While a manmonth is contractually approximated at 173 hours,
- many hours in excess of an 8 hour day were worked.
-
- Since this program was managed as 1 contract with 4 task
- elements, program management time was accumulated as an aggregate;
- the hours spent are allocatable to the whole program, not any one
- tool in particular. Total program management hours was 303. In
- the above table, these hours were allocated equally across each
- tool.
-
- Requirements and System specification had little charges
- because the proposals written for these tools were written with
- the intent that they serve as the requirements and specifications
- documents
-
- Configuration management is low because some of the CM
- function was handled by a support group (not allocated to this
- project) and some was accomplished after the data was extracted
- for this report. In any case, all Software and documents have
- been CM'd and a retrievable according to standard TI procedures.
-
- 3.3 PRODUCTIVITY (LOC)
-
- TI used the PAGER tool from the Ada repository as a vehicle
- by which to count Ada statements, comments and total text lines in
- the tools. This tool considers an Ada statement to be terminated
- by a semicolon. As such, a text line can contain one Ada comment,
- one or more Ada statements, or one or more Ada statements and an
- Ada comment.
-
- Following is a table indicating the lines of Ada source,
- comments, text lines and testing code in each of the tools
- written. Note that in the batch/form generator and the virtual
- terminal, testing code had to be written to exercise the various
- interfaces; this code was also written in Ada.
-
-
- Virtual Spelling Style Batch/Forms
- Terminal Corrector Checker Generator
- ======== ========= ======= ===========
-
- Ada Source: 2421 2743 3189 2869
- Comments: 590 2626 2013 1707
- Text Lines: 6300 9458 9762 8307
-
- Test Source 1218 163
- Comments: 155 200
- Text Lines: 1762 1398
- ---------
- Totals:
- Ada Source: 3639 2743 3189 3032
- Comments: 745 2626 2013 1907
- Text Lines: 8062 9458 9762 9705
-
-
- Any figures regarding lines of code/day must consider the way
- lines of code is determined. Some techiques consider every text
- line in a program to be a line for measurement purpose, others
- only count executable statements and exclude comments and data
- definition. Since there seems to be no universal agreement on the
- proper technique, for the purposes of this report, we will compute
- LOC based on both the total number of text lines and the total
- number of Ada source statements. In all cases, testing code will
- be counted.
-
-
-
- Virtual Spelling Style Batch/Forms
- Terminal Corrector Checker Generator
- ======== ========= ======= ===========
-
- Ada Source: 3639 2743 3189 3032
- manmonths 9.84 8.82 8.55 7.98
- LOC/mm 369.8 311.0 372.98 379.9
- LOC/day 17.2 14.46 17.34 17.67
-
- Text Lines: 8062 9458 9762 9705
- manmonths 9.84 8.82 8.55 7.98
- LOC/mm 819.3 1072.3 1141.75 1216.16
- LOC/day 38.13 49.87 53.10 56.56
-
-
-
- LOC/day assumes 21.5 work days per month. It should be noted
- that these tools did require some Mil-Std documentation, such as
- design specs, test plans/procedures, users manuals. Where nothing
- was mandated in the CDRL list, internal TI documentation standards
- were used.
-
-
-
-
- Output Data from the Manpower Projection Tool, a NOSC Tool created by
- GTE West
-
- The following charts and tables show projected manpower staffing based
- on the Cocomo model in Semidetached mode. The data is based on the Line
- of Code count from each of the four NOSC tools. Compare the projected
- staffing with the actual staffing which was required. Only the nominal
- schedule is shown.
-
-
-
-
- 1. MANPOWER Projection Report for Virtual Terminal
-
- Boehm / DeMarco / Estimated Staffing Profiles
-
-
-
- Lines of source code in thousands (KSLOC) = 8.0620
-
- Man-months of effort
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 6-1) = 31.0697
-
- Most likely delivery time
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 601) = 8.3226
-
- The impossible region
- (equation from Tom DeMarco, pg.181) = 5.973 months or less
-
- Equation mode type used: SEMIDETACHED
-
- Nominal Schedule
- --------------------
-
-
- ********** Acceleration rate = 0.033
- ***** Peak staffing occurs around month 3.9 **********
-
-
- Staffing Estimate: Month Est. Staff
- ----- ----------
- 5 | ** 1 1.98404
- 4 | * ** 2 3.59405
- 3 | * 3 4.57106
- 2 |* * 4 4.83764
- 1 | 5 4.49323
- +-------- 6 3.75051
- 0 3 6 7 2.84921
- Duration (months) 8 1.98491
-
-
-
- 2. MANPOWER Projection for Spelling Corrector
-
- Boehm / DeMarco / Estimated Staffing Profiles
-
-
-
- Lines of source code in thousands (KSLOC) = 9.4580
-
- Man-months of effort
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 6-1) = 37.1549
-
- Most likely delivery time
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 601) = 8.8602
-
- The impossible region
- (equation from Tom DeMarco, pg.181) = 6.340 months or less
-
- Equation mode type used: SEMIDETACHED
-
- Nominal Schedule
- --------------------
-
-
- ********** Acceleration rate = 0.028
- ***** Peak staffing occurs around month 4.2 **********
-
-
- Staffing Estimate: Month Est. Staff
- ----- ----------
- 5 | **** 1 2.02323
- 4 | * * 2 3.72043
- 3 | * 3 4.85158
- 2 |* * 4 5.31742
- 1 | 5 5.16617
- +--------- 6 4.55603
- 0 3 6 9 7 3.69361
- Duration (months) 8 2.77357
- 9 1.93851
-
-
- 3. MANPOWER Projection for Style Checker
-
- Boehm / DeMarco / Estimated Staffing Profiles
-
-
-
- Lines of source code in thousands (KSLOC) = 9.7620
-
- Man-months of effort
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 6-1) = 38.4950
-
- Most likely delivery time
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 601) = 8.9708
-
- The impossible region
- (equation from Tom DeMarco, pg.181) = 6.415 months or less
-
- Equation mode type used: SEMIDETACHED
-
- Nominal Schedule
- --------------------
-
-
- ********** Acceleration rate = 0.029
- ***** Peak staffing occurs around month 4.2 **********
-
-
- Staffing Estimate: Month Est. Staff
- ----- ----------
- 6 | * 1 2.16889
- 5 | * ** 2 3.97635
- 4 | * * 3 5.15945
- 3 | * 4 5.61539
- 2 |* * 5 5.40679
- 1 | 6 4.71607
- +--------- 7 3.77397
- 0 3 6 9 8 2.79172
- Duration (months) 9 1.91830
-
-
-
- 4. MANPOWER Projection for Batch/Forms Generator
-
- Boehm / DeMarco / Estimated Staffing Profiles
-
-
-
- Lines of source code in thousands (KSLOC) = 9.7050
-
- Man-months of effort
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 6-1) = 38.2434
-
- Most likely delivery time
- (equation from Barry W. Boehm, pg.75, table 601) = 8.9502
-
- The impossible region
- (equation from Tom DeMarco, pg.181) = 6.401 months or less
-
- Equation mode type used: SEMIDETACHED
-
- Nominal Schedule
- --------------------
-
-
- ********** Acceleration rate = 0.028
- ***** Peak staffing occurs around month 4.2 **********
-
-
- Staffing Estimate: Month Est. Staff
- ----- ----------
- 5 | **** 1 2.08250
- 4 | * * 2 3.82942
- 3 | * 3 4.99371
- 2 |* * 4 5.47319
- 1 | 5 5.31751
- +--------- 6 4.68950
- 0 3 6 9 7 3.80181
- Duration (months) 8 2.85482
- 9 1.99529
-