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- YOU BUILD-IT SURGE PROTECTORS
-
- Surge protectors are not really that mysterious and are easily constucted at
- home. There are many ways to protect a line from power surges, but the style
- that I'll deal with here is the quickest acting form available (also the least
- expensive). This form won't protect your system however from direct lightening
- stikes, but can be used in conjunction with the heavier (slower) type that is
- capable of handling that type of load (eg. a direct lightening strike to
- your house line).
-
- Metal-Oxide Varistors (MOV for short) can absorb the excess (or high surge)
- voltages above the starting point designed for the particular MOV (130v for
- most of our applications) up to about 50,000 volts (again depending upon
- design. this information is available from the mfg's spec. sheets).
-
- A MOV is a variable resistor that does nothing until line voltage (where
- it's attached) exceeds it's specified threshold. At this time, the MOV then
- absorbs any voltage greater than the starting point for that particular MOV.
- (the voltage differences are detected between the two lines on your system)
- Enough of this quasi-technical stuff. I'll just get into how to build your
- own surge protectors.
-
- There are several designs for using MOVs. The one that works best will be
- described here. This design allows for total benefit of the MOVs. For each
- surge protector you wish to construct, you'll need three (3) MOVs. You'll
- also need some type of multiple outlet device that has enough room inside of
- it to allow installation of these three MOVs. And you'll also need to be able
- to solder these electronic devices (it's really not that difficult).
-
- Each MOV has two (2) leads extending from it and are soldered to two of the
- three AC powerlines inside your multiple outlet.(see diagram)
-
-
- O __________________________
- / \ [ ]
- / \ [ O = MOV ]
- |/ | \| [ ]
- | | | [ / or \ = leads ]
- | O | | [ ]
- |/ \| | [ | = AC lines]
- | | O | [__________________________]
- | |/ \|
- HOT --------------> | | |
- NEUTRAL --------------> | |
- GROUND -------------------> |
-
- I should explain the reason for using three (3) MOVs. A MOV detects voltage
- changes between the two lines (hot & neutral). So, if you only use one MOV,
- and both lines get zapped with the same surge of equal voltage, there is no
- difference detected between the lines (therfore, IT DON'T WORK!!!). So, if
- you use three (3) MOVs, as shown in the diagram, the difference will be
- detected.
-
- After soldering, check your work for shorts , reassemble the multiple
- outlet, and check AGAIN for shorts.
-
- Before leaving you may be wondering, "How much each MOV will set you back?".
- These devices are very inexpensive, generally anywhere from $ 1.50 to $ 5.00 ea.
-
- I would also like to say that due to my inability to control your parts
- purchase AND your ability to solder components, I assume NO LIABILITY for the
- information contained in this article. I do personally use the construction
- as described, but non-the-less!
-
- Chemical Kidd
- Houston, Tx.
-
-
- Parts are available from: ACE Electronics
- (these are all in Houston)
- Gateway Electronics
-
- Radio Shack
-
- ********************************************************************************
- One for the Phone (SURGE pt.2)
- ********************************************************************************
- To build a protector for a phone line is basicly the same as building one
- for your AC line. The biggest difference is the maximum voltage the MOV
- should begin to activate.
- eg. AC line voltage is about 120 VAC & the MOV swings in at 130 VAC.
- for the phone lines the MOV should swing in about 7-8 VDC.
-
- The diagram for the protection of all 4 wires entering the modem is as follows:
-
-
- O
- O / \
- / \ / \ ___________________________
- NO connection here -----> / / \ [ ]
- between the two MOVs ( ( \ | [ O = MOV ]
- (see below) | | \| | [ ]
- | | | | [ / or \ = MOV leads ]
- | O | | O | [ ]
- |/ \| |/ \| [ | = PHONE lines]
- | | O | | [___________________________]
- | |/ \| |
- RED --------------> | | | |
- GREEN ----------------> | | |
- YELLOW -------------------> | |
- BLACK ------------------------> |
-
- _O_
- / \
- / \
- ( )
- | | | |
- to further clarify ---> |-O-|-O-|-O-|
- the connections | | | |
- ( )
- \ /
- \_ _/
- O
-
-
- Judging from the size of the $19.95 phone surge protectors, the diagram
- being used is as follows:
- ___________________________
- [ ]
- [ O = MOV ]
- | | [ ]
- | | [ / or \ = MOV leads ]
- | O | [ ]
- |/ \| [ | = PHONE lines]
- | | [___________________________]
- | |
- RED --------------> | |
- GREEN ----------------> |
-
-
- As stated in the previous section, this last diagram works fine of only one (1)
- line gets the surge. But, if both lines get zapped, you can forget it ever
- working. Red and Green wires are your carrier lines but, with today's new rules
- on do-it-yourself installations, double-check to be sure.
-
- The case for using five (5) MOVs runs somewhere in the neighborhood of $5-7.
- The cases are available from various hardware sources & electronic supply co.
-
- AND, once again due to my inability to control the construction of,choice of
- materials,....etc. , etc., etc. I can assume NO responsibility for the previous
- information nor its use.
- Thank you,
- Chemical Kidd
- Houston, Tx
-