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- CW TUTOR
-
-
- CW Tutor is a generic type program to aid in learning Morse code by supplying
- a very patient partner with an above average 'fist' to send you 'words'
- of code at whatever speed you feel comfortable. Mastering the code is not a
- function of your intelligence, but rather a function of your persistence.
- Pressures on ones time can make getting into the hobby of amateur radio
- more than a little difficult, but 15 minutes of UNINTERRUPTED CONCENTRATION
- every day will yield the desired speed increases in very short order. Have
- fun and enjoy....after all, its only a hobby.....don't force it.
-
- First lets look at how the program is arranged.
-
- CW Tutor was originally written about 10 years ago on a Heathkit H-8
- 8080A computer. It has since been translated to a KIM-1, a homebrew
- 6809 machine, Ohio Scientific. This latest translation was done on an IBM
- PC. While it may seem a little plain and even boring, that is purely
- intentional. Hopefully it will not be to difficult to make the conversion
- to whatever computer system you may have. There is only one MUST. Your
- system must have some means to make sound. Almost all the current crop
- of micros fall into this catagory. It will be left up to you to make those
- changes needed to match your system.
-
- The code generator was arranged so that you could select a difficulty level
- of from 5 to 42. What this means is that the alphabet, numbers, punctuation,
- and special characters are arranged in assending order of difficulty. (Since
- I wrote it, I used my own experiences to determine which were harder than
- others...arbitary in some cases but basically sound.). If you select level
- 5, then you will get a random sampling of the first 5 characters. If you
- select 10, you will get the first 5 PLUS the next 5 characters in random
- groupings. Always building on the characters presented earlier. For this
- reason you should select 5 or 6 characters at a time. Practice them until
- you are comfortable with them then 5 or 6 more and work your way all the
- way to 42. Then you can go back and begin the process of increasing your
- speed.
-
- Modifying this program
-
- CW Tutor was written using the B-Simple development program. ( I cannot
- praise it enough for those that write software in BASIC.) The program is
- written as a collection of subroutines called from a short control
- program. Each sub-routine begins on an even bounry of 100. For example,
- the INTRO routine starts at 100 and returns at 199. The next subroutine,
- LEVEL SELECT, starts at 200 and returns at 299. All the routines are arranged
- this way. At the end of the program is a listing of all the routines and
- their starting locations.
-
- Lets get to the major bones of contention first. The routine to make sound
- starts at line 700 and returns at line 799. It is just a for/next loop that
- times out the sound that was started with the - sound 800,1000 - command.
- The IBM BASICA uses this command to generate a sound of 800 hertz for a
- duration of 1000/18.2 seconds. Simply, this routine turns on a tone and
- times it with the for next loop. The next routine at 800 turns this sound
- off. not very difficult huh??? Your system is probably different, but
- not by much I suspect.
-
- Sub-routine SET ARRAYS at line 400 may cause some problems. While they look
- like numbers, they are treated like strings and as such may cause some
- problems. Some systems REQUIRE that all strings in the DATA statements be
- enclosed in double quotes. The IBM only requires the commas, colons, and
- blanks be enclosed. So if you will look carefully on line 470 the comma
- is indeed quoted. Check your manual as to these requirements. Problably
- won't be different.
-
- The only other know rough spot will be the RANDOMIZE routine at line
- 600. IBM and MICROSOFT were constipated the day this part of BASICA was written
- and it really shows here. You must generate a seed number and enter it into
- the program for the random number generator to generate random numbers. This
- is the first computer I've used that required this. If yours doesn't then
- go to line 21040 and put in a REM statement.
-
- That is, as far as I can tell, the extent of modifying this thing to run on
- other systems. I didn't do a lot of nice things the make the program more
- usable. That I leave up to you. Don't just take this and accept it for what
- it is. It was written to be a kernel for you to build on. Some features that
- would be really nice would be to test the keyboard on the fly to speed up
- or slow down the code or even to add more letters. That tends to get machine
- specific so I'll leave it up to you.
-
- Ranblings and other valuable stuff...
-
- Morse code uses some double letter codes for SK,AR,AS. In order for the 5
- character blocks to look neat on the print out these were assigned single
- character symbols for printout. AS = #, AR = $, and SK = %. Again, its a
- matter of preference. Make whatever changes you deem necessary. By the
- way, if you give out before the computer's fist locks up you can bail out
- with your CNTRL-C or what ever your machine uses an an abort command.
- Drop me some EMAIL on one of the Columbia.S.C. BBS's if you have any problems.
- I'll try to help.
-
- Good luck on the ticket
-
- Gene Brigman, KC4SA
-
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