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-
-
- FIXED DISK CLUSTER SIZE - PC DOS 3.30
-
- The following information is based on an earlier CompuServe file
- titled `DOS31A.PAT' prepared by the IBMPC SIG Users Group (collated
- by Bill Higgins). The information has been modified for DOS 3.30.
-
- The problem is similar to DOS 3.1 and 10 Meg hard drives, in that
- FDISK now permits partitioning a drive into logical units. If the
- logical unit is under 20 Meg, DOS 3.30 sets 4 k (4096 byte) clusters.
- A cluster is the smallest unit of disk space accessible by DOS. For
- some unknown reason, DOS uses 4k clusters when one might want 512 byte
- 1024 byte, or 2048 byte clusters on smaller partitions. Imagine the
- amount of wasted space if your average file is only 500 bytes.
-
-
- 2K (or 1K) Cluster Size for 10MB Partitions under DOS 3.30
-
- (1) IBM PC-DOS version 3.30 (also known as 3.3). Do not attempt this
- with COMPAQ 3.31!
-
- (2) A disk utility such as PCTOOLS or DEBUG to edit the boot area of a
- partition. You'll need to repeat the steps 2 - 6 for each partition
- that you modify.
-
- Most critical to the process is the sequence in which this procedure is
- attempted. Here is the 4k to 2k cluster procedure:
-
- (1) Do a complete backup of the entire drive, using your favorite backup
- utility.
-
- (2) Cold boot DOS 3.30, run FDISK to create or be sure that a DOS
- and extended partition(s) exist on the Drive.
-
- (3) Format each of the partitions using the DOS 3.30 FORMAT program. Do
- NOT use any parameters (no /s or /v).
-
- (4) Using your disk utility, select the boot sector and view it.
- See below for an explanation of the pertinent info in this sector.
- At location AA below, you should see a value of 08 which is the
- number of sectors per cluster. Change this to 04 (or 02 for 1k
- clusters).
-
- At location BB below, you should see a value of 0800 which is the
- number of sectors per fat (in hex Word format). Change this to 1500
- (or 2800 for 1k clusters). This value will differ for larger or
- smaller partitions. The key is to maintain a direct PROPORTION
- for the sample values shown. YOU MUST BE FAMILIAR WITH HEXADECIMAL
- MATH TO DO THIS! The results should appear as in CC and DD below.
-
- Example of first few bytes in the Boot Sector of the partition,
- displayed in hex format, after formatting with DOS 3.30, and prior
- to 2k (or 1k) cluster size changes:
-
- EB349049 424D2020 332E3300 02080100 020002FB 4FF80800
- ^^ ^^^^
- AA BB
-
- After the 2k cluster size changes:
-
- EB349049 424D2020 332E3300 02040100 020002FB 4FF81500
- ^^ ^^^^
- CC DD
-
- After the 1k cluster size changes:
-
- EB349049 424D2020 332E3300 02020100 020002FB 4FF82800
- ^^ ^^^^
- CC DD
-
-
- A more detailed explanation of these two changes:
-
- The number of sectors per cluster would change from 08 to 04, since
- that's what this is all about. The sectors per FAT will change, in
- order to accommodate (1) the increased number of possible FAT
- entries, and (2) the increased size of each fat entry which will be
- in 16-bit format instead of the former 12-bits. The value to use for
- a 10 meg & 2k clusters would be 21 sectors, or 1500 in hex word
- format. (In this case the 15 is all that counts. 15 hex = 21 decimal.)
-
-
- (5) Exit the disk utility and do a cold boot with DOS 3.30.
-
- (6) Reformat the drive using the DOS 3.30 FORMAT command.
-
- FORMAT C: /S for Drive C (or the boot unit)
- FORMAT D: (where D is the extended logical unit you've altered)
- (You may also include /V, if you wish to include a volume label.
- You'll need to do this for each unit you've altered.)
-
- (7) Restore your files, using you favorite BACKUP / RESTORE utility.
-
- YOU MUST NOT ALLOW THE TWO SYSTEM FILES, IBMBIO.COM AND IBMDOS.COM
- TO BE RESTORED, EVEN IF THEY ARE DOS 3.30 !!! IF YOU DO, THEY WILL
- NOT BE PUT IN THE PROPER LOCATIONS AND YOUR FIXED DISK WILL NOT BE
- BOOTABLE AND YOU WILL HAVE TO REFORMAT !!!
-
- Avoid restoring an earlier version of COMMAND.COM, but if you do
- restore an earlier version, nothing is lost, just be sure to copy
- a 3.30 version over it afterwards. You should now be operational
- again, with 2k (or 1K) clusters.
-
- A word of warning! Always backup before fooling with hard drives. Even
- if this procedure doesn't work on YOUR machine, you can always repartition
- with FDISK, and FORMAT each partition again. Your backup can restore your
- original data. This is important since the FORMAT process destroys data.
-
- If you have any questions, contact Fred Niemczenia at CI$ 76606,2060 or
- FidoNet address 1:371/7.