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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction 2 2. Fast Start 2.1 Use the Editor 3 2.2 Call another computer 2.3 Execute a Line command 2.4 Assign commands to a key 3. Key Command Summary 5 4. Command Files 11 5. Initialization 13 6. Line Command Definitions 14 7. Character Codes and Keyboard Scan Codes 39 7.1 ASCII Character Codes 7.2 IBM Keyboard Scan Codes 7.3 IBM Extended Keyboard Scan Codes 8. Registration Information 43 1 INTRODUCTION ENVOY is a communications program which includes a full featured text editor, a powerful script file language, completely redefinable keys, help screens, and a menu-driven user interface. ENVOY will run on any IBM PC or compatible, including the IBM PC, PCjr, AT, XT or PS 2 and can use any modem. 192 Kilobytes of memory is required to run the program. The ENVOY editor can edit text files larger than 64 Kilobytes. The size of an edit file is limited only by the amount of available memory. Similarly, the amount of text which can be captured is limited only by the amount of available memory. Captured text can be viewed and edited before being written to disk. You can edit and save captured text even after you have disconnected from the remote computer. ENVOY supports file transfers at baud rates up to 9600 bps. ASCII file transfer is supported as well as the XMODEM and YMODEM file transfer protocols. ENVOY supports variants of the commonly used XMODEM protocol, including checksum or CRC error checking and packet lengths of 128 bytes or 1 Kilobyte. ENVOY can function as a terminal and remote text editor over most networks. However, some networks use XON/XOFF control characters which defeat the XMODEM and YMODEM protocols. ENVOY can transfer text files, but not binary files, over these networks. 2 FAST START 2.1 Use the Editor The fastest way to learn to use ENVOY is to just start using it. Start the program by typing 'ENVOY'. Read in a text file by pressing the F3 key and entering a file name at the prompt. Now refer to the key command summary in section 3 and edit the file. The ENVOY editor is easy to use and so it shouldn't take long to become familiar with the commands. Practice marking blocks of text and then moving or deleting the blocks. Practice reading and writing files. Press the alt-h key to see the Envoy help screens. The help screens briefly describe how to use Envoy and give definitions of all the Envoy key commands. Pressing the alt-h key or entering the line command 'HELP' displays the titles of the help screens which are available. Choose the topic you want by using the up and down arrow keys. Then press the enter key. You can scroll through the help screen using the up, down, PgUp, and PgDn keys. Press the alt-m key or enter the line command 'MENU' to use the Envoy menu. The menu lets you choose the most important options. If your computer doesn't have one of the keys which executes a command which you need you can probably refer to your owner's manual and find a combination of keystrokes which will enter the same scan codes. The most common incompatibility is that many keyboards have only 10 function keys. Enter Shift-F1 for F11, Shift-F2 for F12, etc. Later, you might want to re-assign some of the key commands with MACRO definitions. 2.2 Call another computer When you are familiar with the editor commands you are ready to use ENVOY as a terminal. Here are the steps to log on to a remote computer : -Make sure that your computer has either an internal or external modem. If you have an external modem check that it is turned on. The serial port which is connected to the modem is referred to as COM n, where n is usually either 1 or 2. Find out the serial port number from someone who is familiar with the setup. -Find out the telephone number of the remote computer. -Find out the communications parameters for the remote computer. You need to know the baud rate(usually 300 or 1200), the Parity setting (either Even, Odd, or None), the number of data bits(either 7 or 8) and the number of stop bits(usually 1). -Bulletin board listings give these parameters in abbreviated form. For instance, 300/1200 E-8-1 means that you can use either 300 or 1200 baud when calling the system and the other parameters are: Even parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. -Now press the alt-m key to see the ENVOY menu. Press 3 to set the communications parameters. Enter the communications parameters for the computer you want to call. Leave the Duplex setting at Full Duplex for now. Change to Full Duplex later if you see doubled characters on the screen. -Now press the F11 key. If you don't have a F11 key press Shift-F1. This puts ENVOY on line so that every character you type is sent to the modem. -Now dial the remote computer. If you have a Hayes compatible modem type in AT DP 123-4567 <Enter> to dial telephone number 123-4567. The prefix AT DP is a command to the modem : ATtention ! Dial Pulse. If your phone system supports touch tone dialing use the command AT DT 123-4567. -The remote computer will then answer and prompt you for information. -When you are done Press F12 to go off line. Dialing will be much easier after you customize an ENVOY command file to manage the call for you. You will be able to go on-line and dial by pressing a single key. 2.3 Execute a Line command Any ENVOY operation can be executed from the command line. Section 6 gives the definitions of all of the ENVOY operations. Here is an example of how to execute a Line Command : -Press the Escape key. ENVOY will prompt you for a line command. -Type in the word "Beep" and then press Enter. -You will hear a short beep. -ENVOY will prompt you for another command. Press Enter to return to the editor. 2.4 Assign commands to a key You can assign commands to any key you wish. For instance, you can reconfigure the ENVOY editor keys to match your favorite editor. You can also assign a complex set of instructions to a single key or you can execute an entire command file by pressing a single key. You assign commands to a key with the MACRO command. Here is an example of how to use the MACRO command : -Press the Alt-a key. This won't do anything at all because ENVOY doesn't assign a default command to this key when it starts up. -Look at the ENVOY information line. You see that the key number of the Alt-a key is 286. You could also look up the key number in Table 7.3. -Now press the Escape key. ENVOY will prompt you for a line command. -Type in the following line and then press the Enter key : Macro 286#Delay 5 .5#Beep#Pause 1.#Delay 5 .1#Beep -ENVOY will prompt you for another command. Press the Enter key to return to the editor. -Now press the Alt-a key. You will hear a long beep, a 1 second pause, and then a short beep. 3 KEY COMMAND SUMMARY The following table gives the Envoy default key commands. These key commands are simply MACRO strings which are assigned at startup. The table gives the key, the MACRO command, the key scan code, and a description of what Envoy will do when you press the key. Note that whenever the table shows a * character in a MACRO definition Envoy will prompt you for a parameter. KEY COMMAND SUMMARY |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Key MACRO Scan Code Description | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | Backspace Backspace 8 Move the cursor to the left and delete the | | character at that position. Press the | | Backspace key to correct typing mistakes. | | | | Tab Right Go TabRight 9 Go right to the next Tab position. | | | | Enter Enter 13 Move the cursor to the start of the next line | | or to a position which you defined with the | | alt-t key. In Insert mode a new line is | | inserted before moving down. | | | | Escape DoLine 27 After you press the Escape Key ENVOY will | | prompt you for a line command. The line | | command is executed just as it would be from a | | command file. | | | | Tab Left Go TabLeft 271 Go left to the next Tab position. | | | | Alt-q Quit 272 Quit the program. | | | | Alt-r Replace * * * 275 Find and replace a character string. ENVOY | | will prompt you for the character string you | | wish to find, for the new character string, and| | for search options. | | | | When the program prompts you, enter the | | options you want in any order. Press the | | Enter key if you don't want special search | | options. | | | | Unless you specify the Y option, ENVOY will | | ask you before replacing a string. | | | | Find and Replace Options : | | B Search In Block | | G Global Search | | U Ignore Upper/Lower Case | | n Replace n Occurrences | | Y Replace Without Asking | | | | For example, B10Y tells ENVOY to search in the | | blocked region for ten occurrences of the | | Search string and replace it with the new | | string without asking. | | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| KEY COMMAND SUMMARY |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Key MACRO Scan Code Description | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | Alt-t Retpos 276 Set the Return Position to the current cursor | | position. When you press the Enter key the | | cursor will go to the Return Position instead | | of to column 1. | | | | Alt-d Clear Line 288 Delete the current line. | | | | Alt-f Find * * 289 ENVOY will prompt you for the character string | | you wish to find and for search options. | | | | When the program prompts you, enter any | | options you want in any order. | | | | Find Options : | | B Search In Block | | G Global Search | | U Ignore Upper/Lower Case | | n Find the n'th Occurrence | | | | For example, B10 tells ENVOY to search in the | | blocked region for the tenth occurrence of the | | character string. | | | | alt-j Joinline 292 Join the current line to the previous line. | | | | alt-b Breakline 304 Break the current edit line at the cursor | | position. | | | | Alt-n Repeat 305 Repeat the last Find or Find and Replace | | operation. | | | | alt-m Menu 306 Show the ENVOY menu. | | | | Func 1 Block Top 315 Mark the beginning of a Block region. The | | current cursor position becomes the start | | of a block. | | | | Func 2 Block End 316 Mark the end of a Block region. The current | | cursor position becomes the end of a block. | | | | Func 3 ReadFile * 317 Read a new edit file. ENVOY will prompt you | | for the file name and then read the file into | | memory so that you can edit it. If you are | | working on a file in memory, save it before | | you read a new file or else you will lose all | | of the changes which you have made. | | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| KEY COMMAND SUMMARY |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Key MACRO Scan Code Description | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | Func 4 WriteFile * 318 Write the edit file to disk. ENVOY will prompt| | you for the name of the file you wish to write.| | You may enter a full directory path name, | | such as C:\MINE\FILE.TXT. If you just press | | the Enter key to enter a blank file name, | | ENVOY will overwrite the current edit file. | | The name of the current edit file is shown on | | the ENVOY information line. | | | | Func 5 Block Copy 319 Copy the blocked region to the current | | position. If lines are blocked, the lines are | | inserted below the current line. The existing | | lines are moved down. If a region is blocked, | | the block is copied to the current cursor | | position. Existing text is moved to the right | | to make room. | | | | Func 6 Block Move 320 Move the blocked region to the current | | position. If lines are blocked, the lines are | | inserted below the current line. The existing | | lines are moved down. If a region is blocked, | | the block is moved to the current cursor | | position. Existing text is moved to the right | | to make room. | | | | Func 7 Block Clear 321 The blocked region is deleted. | | | | Func 8 Block Read * 322 ENVOY will prompt you for a file name. The | | file will be read into the current file at the | | current position. The new text will be marked | | as a blocked region. | | | | Func 9 Block Write * 323 ENVOY will prompt you for a file name. The | | blocked region will be written to the file you | | name. | | | | Func 10 Block Lines 324 ENVOY can be set to mark either lines or | | regions. Block regions,(default) if you want | | to move words, insert or delete columns, etc. | | Block lines to move paragraphs around in the | | file. | | | | Home Go TopFile 327 The cursor will move to the start of the first | | line in the edit file. | | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| KEY COMMAND SUMMARY |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Key MACRO Scan Code Description | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | Up Arrow Go Up 328 The cursor will move up one line in the edit | | file. | | | | Page Up Go UpPage 329 The cursor will move up to display a full | | screen of new text. | | | | Left Arrow Go Left 331 The cursor will move left one column. | | | | Right Arrow Go Right 333 The cursor will move right one column. | | | | End Go EndFile 335 The cursor will move to the end of the last | | line of the edit file | | | | Down Arrow Go Down 336 The cursor will move down one line. | | | | Page Down Go DownPage 337 The cursor will move down to display a full | | screen of new text. | | | | Insert Key InsertMode 338 In insert mode characters are inserted into | | the line at the cursor position and the rest | | of the line is shifted to the right. In | | overwrite mode any character already at the | | cursor position is over-written. Press the | | Insert key to change from Insert mode to | | Overwrite mode and back. The current setting | | is shown on the ENVOY display line. | | | | Delete Key Clear Char 339 Delete the character at the cursor position. | | | | Shift F1 On 340 Go on-line. This opens the communications | | port so that you can communicate with a remote | | computer. | | | | Shift F2 Off 341 ENVOY goes off line and returns to edit mode. | | | | Shift F3 Dial 342 Dial a phone number. | | | | Shift F4 Xget * 343 Receive a binary file. | | | | Shift F5 XSend * 344 Send a binary file. | | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| KEY COMMAND SUMMARY |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Key MACRO Scan Code Description | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | | | ^Right arr Go TopLine 371 Go to the start of the current edit line. | | | | ^Left arr Go EndLine 372 Go to the last character of the current edit | | line. | | | | ^End Clear EndLine 373 Delete all the characters from the cursor | | position to the end of the current edit line. | | | | ^PgDn Go EndBlock 374 Go to the end of the blocked region. | | | | ^PgUp Go TopBlock 388 Go to the start of the blocked region. | | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 4 COMMAND FILES You can set up a command file to reconfigure the ENVOY editor or to manage your call to a remote computer. The ENVOY commands IF, ELSE and JUMP enable you to set up a command file which will prompt you for information and act on that information. You can set up a command file which will try to call another computer several times before giving up or one which will try several bulletin boards and give you control when it finds one that isn't busy. You can even set up a menu driven auto-dialer for voice communications. A command file consists of a series of ENVOY line commands. The commands are executed in just the same way as if you had entered them from the ENVOY command line or had assigned the commands to keyboard keys with the MACRO command and then pressed the MACRO keys. Execute a command file by entering the command DO filespec, where filespec is the DOS file name and can include a complete directory path. If you don't enter a directory path, ENVOY will look for the file in the current directory. If the file isn't in the current directory, ENVOY will look in the ENVOY directory. You can define the ENVOY directory before you start the ENVOY program by entering the DOS command SET ENVOY=pathname, where pathname is the complete path to the ENVOY directory. You can put the SET command in your Autoexec.Bat file so that the ENVOY directory is defined every time you start your PC. You can pass up to two parameters to a command file. The first parameter replaces every occurrance of %P1 in the command file and the second parameter replaces every occurrance of %P2. The commands in the command file are then executed normally. You can use this feature to fully automate some procedures. For instance, the command 'DO Getfile newgame.exe' could execute the commands in the command file Getfile to call up a favorite bulletin board, receive file getfile from the board, and then log off. The command Do Getfile News.Doc would go through the same process to bring you News.Doc from the board. A command file can use the DO command to call another command file. When the the other command file finishes execution ENVOY continues to execute the original file. Command files can be nested this way up to four deep. When Envoy is first started it tries to execute file Initial.Env in the current directory. If the file isn't on the current directory Envoy will look in the Envoy directory and then give up. Use the initialization file to set options which you will want every time you run Envoy. Use this file to choose screen colors and reconfigure the MACRO definitions to match your favorite editor. After executing file Initial.Env, ENVOY will look to see if you entered the name of a command file when you called the program. If you did ENVOY will execute that file. You can also supply parameters when you call ENVOY. For instance, entering ENVOY GETFILE NEWS.DOC could execute file Getfile to receive a file named News.Doc from a bulletin board. If you want, you can put several ENVOY commands on a single line. Separate the commands with the # character. ENVOY doesn't check your control logic. It is possible to set up an infinite loop in command file with the JUMP command which wants to execute forever. You can escape from a loop like this by pressing the alt-x key. When you are writing a command file, or if you are have a problem with a command file, use the JOURNAL command to trace the execution of each line. The JOURNAL command echoes all of the commands you enter to a file named Journal.Env on the current directory. JOURNAL ON should be the first command in the file and JOURNAL OFF should be the last command. You can also use the REMARK command to write comments to the CRT screen as the file is executed. Put comments into a command file by using the ; character. Anything following a ; is ignored unless it was part of a string parameter. For example, the command FIND ';' ; ...comment... will find the next ; character. The comment will be ignored. The distribution disk gives several examples of useful command files. Look them over before you write your own command files. 5 INITIALIZATION To run Envoy you type 'ENVOY' or 'ENVOY {name of a command file}' at the DOS prompt. When Envoy starts up it first tries to execute the file Initial.Env on the default directory. As with any command file, If the file is not in the current directory Envoy will look for it in the ENVOY directory. You can define the Envoy directory with the DOS command SET ENVOY=pathname. You can use the file Initial.Env to redefine the edit keys, set a default phone number and communications parameters, or perform other set up tasks which you want to do every time you use envoy. If you entered the name a command file as a parameter when you started Envoy, that command file will be executed after ENVOY is finished executing file Initial.Env. These initialization files are very powerful. You can set up command files for each of the many different jobs which Envoy can do. For instance, you could create a command file called Work which contained the commands to log you on to your company computer. Entering the DOS command ENVOY WORK would then log you on and return control. You could set up other commands to log you onto other systems or to redefine the Envoy editor for special purposes. 6 LINE COMMAND DEFINITIONS Envoy commands can be entered from the command line, from inside of a command file or can be assigned to keyboard keys. All of the Envoy commands are described below. Three important conventions which apply to all of the commands are: - Commands can be abbreviated. The Syntax section of each of the definitions capitalizes the minimum acceptable abbreviation. - Multiple commands can be given on a single line. Separate the commands with a # character. - Comments which follow a ; character are ignored. Using comments, especially in command files, will make it much easier to remember what you have done. BACKSPACE - Erase the character you just typed. The BACKSPACE command moves the cursor one position to the left and deletes that character. Syntax BACKspace BAUD - Set baud rate The baud rate is the number of bits per second which can be sent or received. ENVOY uses a default baud rate of 1200 baud. The same baud rate must be used by the local computer, the remote computer, and the modem. Some computers analyze an incoming call and reset their own communication parameters(baud rate, number of data bits, number of stop bits, and parity) to match. In the same way, most modems have a command mode to automatically reset their baud rate to match the local computer. You can reset the communication parameters of a Hayes compatible modem by putting it in command mode(power on or send ++++) and then sending the command AT to the modem. Syntax BAud {baudrate} Allowed values for {baudrate} are 110, 150, 300 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600. Example BAUD 1200 ; Set the baud rate to 1200 bps. STOP 1 ; One Stop bit BEEP - Computer speaker will beep. The BEEP command generates a short beep. The length of the beep can be set with the DELAY command. Use the BEEP command in command files to signal that execution has finished. Syntax BEep Example Delay 5 2.0 ;Reset beep time to 2 seconds Beep ;Long beep ; Set macro to beep twice when you press the alt-b key Macro 304 #delay 5 0.4 # beep #pause .5 #delay 5 .2 # beep BLOCK - Block a region of the file for special editing The BLOCK commands work only on the blocked region in the file which you have marked. You can read, write, copy or delete the block. You can use the BLOCK LINES option to work with entire lines or with rectangular regions. Syntax BLock CLear Delete the block BLock COpy Copy the block to the current cursor position BLock Lines ON|OFF Choose option to work with blocked lines or regions Your choices are : ON - BLOCK commands work on marked lines OFF - BLOCK commands work on a region - Option setting is reversed BLock End Mark the end of the block BLock Top Mark the start of the block BLock Move Move the block to the current cursor position BLock Off Remove any block marks BLock Read filespec Read file filespec into the current edit file at the current cursor position. Filespec can include a full directory path. BLock WOrd The word at the present cursor position is marked. If the BLOCK LINES option is ON it is set to OFF. BLock WRite filespec Write a block to a file which you specify. The filespec can include a full directory path. If the file already exists the blocked region is added at the end of the file. You can use the BLOCK WRITE command to save selected information from a terminal session which has been captured. Example BLock Read C:\Comdecks\newcom ; Read the file newcom into a block Block Clear ; Delete the block MACRO 319 #Block Copy ; F5 Key Copys the block Block Lines : Block lines option is reversed BREAKLINE - Move the right side of the current edit line to a new line. The current line is truncated at the cursor position and a new line is inserted below the current line. The cursor moves down and all the text which had been to the right of the cursor is moved to the new position. The new line will be indented if you have used the RETPOS command to define a new cursor position. Otherwise, the new line will start in column 1. Syntax BReakline Break line at cursor. Example MACRO 304 #Breakline ; Alt-b key Breaks the current line CAPTURE - Start/stop capturing to a disk file. Envoy always captures a session to memory. Incoming data is saved up to the limit of available memory. The captured data can be edited and then written to a disk file just like any other edit file. This is the easiest way to download and save text files from a remote computer. Sometimes it is necessary to capture a text file directly to a disk file. One case would be if your computer doesn't have enough memory to hold the entire file. The CAPTURE command can be used to do this. You cannot use the CAPTURE command to download a binary file from a remote computer. You must use the XGET command to do this. Syntax CApture filespec Starts capturing to the specified file. The filespec can include a complete directory path. CApture Stops capturing. Example CA Mydata.sv ; Start capturing to file Mydata.sv CA ; Stop capturing and close the file CLEAR - Delete a file, a block, etc. The CLEAR commands are used to delete a block, a single character, a file, a line, or to delete the current working file from memory. If the working file has been changed Envoy will give you the choice of saving the file before deleting it. Syntax CLear Block Delete the current block(same as BLOCK CLEAR) CLear Char Delete the character at the current cursor position CLear Edit Delete the entire edit file from memory. Disk files are not affected. CLear Endline Delete the characters to the right of the cursor CLear Help Delete Help screens from memory.(See HELP) CLear File {filespec}Delete a file(same as the DOS DEL command) CLear Line Delete the current line Example Clear File zz.* ; Deletes all the files which match MACRO 288 # Clear Line ; Alt-d key deletes the current line COLOR - Change display color There are six colors used by the program for different purposes. The COLOR command lets you redefine these colors. The first parameter of the COLOR command chooses which color you want to redefine. The choices are: EDIT => Edit characters BLOCK => Blocked region INFO => Information line QUES => Envoy questions and error messages FOUND => Mark search string HELP => Help Screens and Menus The second parameter of the COLOR command defines the new foreground color. The choices for foreground colors are: 0 => Black 8 => Dark Gray 1 => Blue 9 => Light Blue 2 => Green 10 => Light Green 3 => Cyan 11 => Light Cyan 4 => Red 12 => Light Red 5 => Magenta 13 => Light Magenta 6 => Brown 14 => Yellow 7 => Light Gray 15 => White The third parameter of the COLOR command defines the new background color. The choices for background colors are: 0 => Black 8 => Black with Blink 1 => Blue 9 => Blue with Blink 2 => Green 10 => Green with Blink 3 => Cyan 11 => Cyan with Blink 4 => Red 12 => Red with Blink 5 => Magenta 13 => Magenta with Blink 6 => Brown 14 => Brown with Blink 7 => Light Gray 15 => Light Gray with Blink Use the Envoy Color Menu to change the Envoy default color scheme. When you are happy with your choices, put COLOR commands in the command file INITIAL.ENV. This will redefine the defaults every time you run Envoy. Syntax COlor {keyword} {foreground} {background} Where keyword chooses which color you wish to redefine and the foreground and background colors are given above. Example COLOR Edit 0 1; Edit Screens - Black characters on blue background COLOR Info 13 7; Info Line - Lt Magenta on lt grey background COLOR Found 14 14; Found String - Blinking yellow on brown background COM - Set the Communication port. Personal Computers often have more than one serial port installed. For instance, one might be connected to a printer and the other to a modem. The COM command tells ENVOY which port to use for communications. COM is initially set to 1. Syntax COM n Where n is 1,2,3 or 4 Example COM 1 ; Use Communications port number 1 COUNT - Add one to the value of the ENVOY internal counter ENVOY has an internal counter which is useful for program control while executing command files. You can test the value of the counter with the IF command. This lets you try something a certain number of times before giving up. The value of the counter is set to 1 when Envoy starts up. Use the SET COUNT command to re-initialize the value of the counter at the start of a command file. The COUNT command increments the value of the Envoy internal counter by 1. See Section 4 for a description of how to use command files. Syntax COUnt Adds 1 to the value of the ENVOY counter Example Set Count 1 ; Initialize counter. Label Loop ; ENVOY will jump back here three times Dial ; Dial a number If Connect ; Check to see if a connection was made Exit Else ; Connection wasn't made If Count 3 ; Check to see if there have been three tries Exit ; Give up if three tries Else Count ; Increment counter by one Jump Loop ; Go to the top of the file Endif Endif DATA - Set the number of data bits Every byte which is sent through a serial port is converted to a stream of bits. First a start bit is sent to tell the connected equipment that a byte is being sent. Next the data bits are sent, possibly followed by a parity bit. Finally, one or two stop bits tell the connected equipment that the transmission of the byte is complete. Since a byte is, by definition, eight bits long it might seem that 8 data bits are required to send a byte. This isn't necessarily true. If you are using your computer as a terminal and are only sending normal text characters, seven bits are enough to use the ASCII character set which is made up of 128 characters. Many systems use seven data bits. You must know the number of data bits which a remote computer expects(as well as the baud rate, the parity, and the number of stop bits) before you can make a successful connection. If you use an incompatible set of communication parameters you will see a string of garbage on your screen. If you don't know what convention the remote computer uses you can usually find out by trial and error. The most common setting for bulletin boards is 8 data bits, no parity bit, one stop bit. Most mainframe computers use 7 data bits, either even or odd parity, and one stop bit. Try these settings until you get a good connection. If this doesn't work try other settings or else give up until you find the documentation for the system you are trying to call. Syntax DAta 7 | 8 Example DATA 7 ; Use seven data bits. DATA 8 ; Use eight data bits(default). DELAY - Set timing delays Envoy inserts a short delay time after each cursor movement and after each transmission to a remote computer, etc. These delays can be changed to slow down or speed up Envoy response. Depending on your reaction time, you may wish to adjust the delay which is inserted after each cursor movement. If the delay is too short you may find it difficult to move the cursor to a new location on the screen without overshooting. Computers can have similar problems with their reaction time. If you are running Envoy on a personal computer with a fast clock and have made a connection with a computer which is slower than yours (or busy with other jobs), the remote computer may lose some of the characters which you send. Increase the transmission delay if this seems to be happening. The default setting for the adjustable delays are: DELAY 1 0.080 ; First Keyboard Delay DELAY 2 0.030 ; Second Keyboard Delay for Repeat DELAY 3 0.010 ; Time delay after sending a character DELAY 4 0.050 ; Time delay after sending a line DELAY 5 0.200 ; Length of error beep DELAY 6 0.0 ; Delay after executing a command file line DELAY 7 0.0 ; Delay before sending any byte These settings are can be reduced to improve performance. Use care in reducing the time delays for sending a character and for sending a line. Many computer systems are set up to handle input only as fast a good typist can send. If you send a sustained burst of text to these systems you may overflow the other computer's input buffer. DELAY 3 and DELAY 4 are only applied when you give a command to the remote computer(or a smart modem) with the SEND STRING command. These delays will not slow down file transfer. DELAY 6 is always applied and will slow down file transfer. Syntax DELAy index tdelay Where index is the index number of the delay to be set and tdelay is the new setting. tdelay must be less than 5 sec and is entered in decimal format. Example DELAY 3 .1 ; Wait 100 milliseconds after sending a character DELAY 1 .2 # DELAY 2 .2 ; Very slow keyboard response DEL - Delete a DOS file The DEL command is the same as the DOS DEL command. Wild card characters are allowed. Syntax DEl filespec Example DEL Old.txt ; Delete an unneeded file. DEL Old.* ; Delete several files. DEL C:/Mine/Save/Old.* ; Delete files in a directory. DIAL - Dial a phone number and wait for a connection The DIAL command tells Envoy to enter terminal mode and dial a telephone number. Envoy will then wait for a Carrier Detect signal from the modem, which indicates that a connection to a remote computer has been made. If a connection is not mode, Envoy will go off line. Envoy dials the number by sending a character string to the modem. The string consists of a modem command(defined by the SET PREFIX command) followed by the number to be dialed. Syntax DIAl '{phone number}' t Where t is the time in seconds which envoy will wait for a carrier detect signal. If n is omitted, the default wait time of 40 seconds is used. OR DIAl * t Envoy will prompt you for a phone number OR DIAl Number t Envoy will Dial the phone number which you defined with the SET NUMBER command Example SET PREFIX 'AT DT' ; Hayes compatible command-ATtention Dial Pulse SET NUMBER '123-4567' ; Phone number of the remote computer DIAL Number 30.0 ; Dial the number and wait 30 seconds for a ; connection DIAL '123-5678' ; Envoy will dial the phone number 123-5678 DIAL * 30.0 ; Envoy will prompt you for the phone number, ; dial it, and then wait 30 seconds. DIR - List the files on a disk or in a subdirectory The DIR command is the same as the DOS DIR command. Envoy shows a list of the files in the specified directory. Wild card characters ? and * are allowed. Syntax DIR filespec Where the filespec can include an complete directory path. Example DIR ; List all of the files on the default directory DIR B: ; List all of the files on drive B: DIR C:MINE/OLD/*.Exe ; List all the .exe files in the subdirectory DISCONNECT - Disconnect the modem When you enter the OFF command to leave terminal mode, or when you quit Envoy, the modem is not disconnected. You can re-enter terminal mode and continue your session later. The DISCONNECT command disconnects the modem by clearing the Data Terminal Ready (DTR) signal. The modem will then break the connection to the remote terminal. Syntax DISconnect DO - Execute a command file Envoy will execute the commands in the file which you name. The DO command can be used to execute a command file to define the edit keys, colors, tabs, etc., or to manage the log-on to a remote computer. A command file may contain a DO command and execute a second command file, and so on. Command files may be nested this way up to four deep. Blank lines in a command file are ignored. The ; character can be used for comments, as in the example. During initialization, Envoy tries to execute the file Initial.Env on the default directory. You can use this file to redefine the edit keys, set a default phone number and communications parameters, or perform other set up tasks which you want to do every time you use envoy. Section 5 describes the initialization in more detail. If Envoy tries to execute a command in a command file but cannot, an error results. Envoy then closes the command file and returns to Edit mode. If you give Envoy a file name which includes a directory path, Envoy will look for the file in that directory and give up if the file isn't there. If you give Envoy a file name which does not include a directory path, Envoy will first look for the file in the current directory and then look in the ENVOY directory. Use DOS command SET ENVOY=pathname in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to define the Envoy directory. Syntax DO filespec Envoy will execute the commands in the file. The filespec can include a complete directory path. Example DO C:Mine/Compusrv ; File Compusrv in directory C:Mine contains the ; commands to log on to Compuserve DO Compusrv ; Envoy will execute the file Compusrv in the current ; directory. If Envoy can't file the file in the ; current directory it will look in the ENVOY ; directory DOLINE - Enter command mode The DOLINE command can be entered by pressing a macro key(default is the <Esc> key) or from a command file. Envoy will then prompt you for commands. Enter a blank line to leave command mode and return to the editor. Syntax DOLine DOS - Shell to DOS ENVOY will prompt you for commands and pass the commands to the DOS command processor. You can execute DOS commands or run programs. Enter the command 'EXIT' to leave the DOS shell and return to ENVOY. The DOS command can also be used to execute a single Dos command. You can assign a command to a MACRO key and then execute a Dos command or another program by pressing a single key. When ENVOY executes a DOS command it first shrinks the memory it uses to the minimum required. When you exit DOS, ENVOY reclaims its memory. This means that you must not install any memory resident programs when you chain to DOS. If you do ENVOY will have a hard failure(program halt) when it tries to reclaim memory. In particular, if you want to use the DOS PRINT command from inside the ENVOY shell you must install the PRINT routine before you run ENVOY. To do this just enter the command PRINT with no file name at the DOS prompt. Syntax DOS You will enter the Dos shell. Enter the Dos command EXIT to return to Envoy. OR DOS '{doscommand}' The command will be executed and then Envoy will resume execution. Example Dos ; Enter the Dos shell Dos 'Dir C:' : Lists the directory of drive C: MACRO 349 # Dos 'Dir C:/w' : Press the Shift F10 key to see directory DUPLEX - Set Full/Half Duplex mode. Full Duplex means that the remote computer echoes any characters it receives back to you. Half Duplex means it does not. In terminal mode Envoy will always display any characters received from the remote computer. The DUPLEX command selects the option to also display the characters which you type. Many people are confused by Duplex setting. If the remote computer is set up for full duplex and Envoy is set to Half Duplex, each character you type will be displayed twice ( ddiissppllaayyeedd ttwwiiccee). The first character of each pair is displayed when you type it, the second is displayed when the remote computer echoes back what it received. Similarly, if the remote computer is set up for Half Duplex and Envoy is set to Full Duplex, the characters which you type will not be displayed at all. You will see responses from the remote computer. If you don't know the Duplex mode which the remote computer uses, set Envoy to Half Duplex. Change to Full Duplex if you see double characters. The default setting for a Hayes compatible modem in command mode is Half duplex, which may be different than the setting for the remote computer. Because of this you might have to change the duplex setting twice while making a connection - first to match the modem setting and then to match the remote computer. Alternately, you could just set the Envoy duplex to match the remote computer and ignore doubled characters while you send commands to the modem. Syntax DUplex FULL | HALF Example DUPLEX FULL ; Set Envoy to Full Duplex mode. ELSE - Resume processing in a IF block Envoy command files can include If blocks which provides very powerful control over a log-on sequence. The ELSE command tells Envoy to resume processing commands if lines are are being skipped after failing an IF test. Alternately, when an ELSE command is found after passing an IF test Envoy will skip all of the following commands until a ENDIF statement is found. More details are given in the definition of the IF command. Syntax ELse ENDIF - End an If Block Envoy command files can include If blocks which provides very powerful control over a log-on sequence. The ENDIF command tells Envoy to close an IF block. More details are given in the definition of the IF command. Syntax ENDIf END - Reset the end-of-line control characters Remote host computers expect to receive one or two control characters at the end of each line you send. The Carriage Return character (ASCII code 13) is most commonly used. The CR character tells the host that the end of the current line has been reached. The remote host computer then moves down to the next line and moves to the start of the line. Some systems use other line control characters. The Line Feed character (ASCII code 10) tells the remote computer to move down to the next line but not to move to the beginning of the line. The Home character (ASCII code 11) tells the remote computer to move to the start of the current line. Some systems require that these two characters be sent at the end of each line instead of a carriage return. The END command lets you change the characters which Envoy sends at the end of each line. The default is to send a CR character. Syntax END {first} {second} Where {first} and {second} are the character codes of the first and second characters to be sent. A value of 0 for one of the end-of-line characters means don't send a character. Example ; Envoy Defaults END 13 0 ; Send a Carriage Return at the end of each line. ; Don't send a second character. ; Reset end of line characters: END 10 11 ; Send a Line Feed. ; Then send a Home character. ENTER - Enter a line The ENTER command enters a line into the edit file. This requires several actions : - If Envoy is in INSERT mode or if the current line is the last line in the file, a new line is created below the current line. - The cursor moves down from the current line to the line below. - The cursor moves to the Return Position on the line. This is column 1 unless another position has been defined with the RETPOS command. - If Envoy is on-line, the two end-of-line characters defined by the END command are sent to the remote computer. Syntax ENTer EXIT - Leave a Command File Usually, Envoy processes all the commands in a command file. The file is closed when the end of the file is reached. The EXIT command tells Envoy to close a command file even though the end of the file has not been reached. Syntax EXit Example Dial ; Dial a remote computer If Connect ; Check if a connection was made Remark 'Phone was answered ' ; Message to the user Else ; Connection was not made Exit ; Give up Endif ; Now continue with the command file FIND - Find a Character String The FIND command finds a character string in the edit file. You must specify the string which you wish to find and search options. Options for the FIND operation are : B Search In Block G Global Search U Ignore Upper/Lower Case n Find the n'th occurrence If you specify * for the character string or for the Search option string, Envoy will prompt you for this information. Syntax FInd '{character string}' '{option string}' OR FInd * * Envoy will prompt you to supply the search string and options. Example Find 'AnyWord' 'U' ; Find the string, ignoring upper case GO - Move the cursor The GO command moves the cursor throughout the file. There are several options. Syntax GO Column n Go to column n on the current line GO DOWNPage Go down one screen page GO Down Go down one line GO ENDBlock Go to the end of the blocked region(see BLOCK command) GO ENDFile Go to the end of the file GO ENDLine Go to the end of the current line GO Left Go left one space GO Line n Go to line n in the current edit file GO Right Go right one space GO TABLeft Go to the next tab position to the left(see TABS command) GO TABRight Go to the next tab position to the right(see TABS command) GO TOPBlock Go to first line of the blocked region(see BLOCK command) GO TOPFile Go to the first line in the file GO TOPLine Go to the first character of the current line GO UPPage Go up one screen page GO Up Go up one line GO WLeft Go to the start of the current word GO WLeft Go to the start of the next word on the left GO WRight Go to the start of the next word on the right Example Go L ; Go left one position Go Up # Go Up ; Go up two lines MACRO 328 #go up #go Up ; Up arrow key moves cursor up two lines instead ; of just one HELP - Display Help screen The HELP command displays the Envoy help screens. The help screens briefly describe how to use Envoy and give definitions of all the Envoy key commands. The command HELP or just 'H' displays the titles of the help screens which are available. Choose the topic you want by using the up and down arrow keys. Then press the enter key. You can scroll through the help screen using the up, down, PgUp, and PgDn keys. All of the help screens are contained in file Help.env. When you enter the HELP command, Envoy looks for this file in the current directory. If the help file isn't in the current directory Envoy will look in the Envoy directory(set with the DOS command SET ENVOY={envoydirectory}) If you wish, you can modify the help file with the Envoy editor to add custom help screens. You could put in phone numbers which you often call, command definitions for a remote computer system, etc. The first time you enter the HELP command, the entire help file is read into memory. This is a fairly large file and could get in the way if you are editing another large file. Use the command CLEAR HELP to reclaim the memory used by the help file. Syntax Help Show the list of available help screens. IF - Test for a condition The IF command tests to see if some condition is true. Use the IF, ELSE, and JUMP commands in a command file for program control. An IF block consists of: - The word IF followed by the condition to be tested. - Statements to be executed when the IF test was successful - An ELSE statement is allowed but not required. - Statements after the ELSE statement are executed only when the IF test fails. - End the IF block with an ENDIF statement An IF block can contain other IF blocks. Blocks can be nested this way up to 40 deep. The IF command can test several conditions : IF COLUMN {n} This test is successful if the cursor is on or past the n'th column in the current edit file. IF CONNECT This test is successful if the DTR signal from the modem is set high. This means that the modem has made connection with another modem over the phone line. IF COUNT {n} This test is successful if the value of the Envoy internal counter is equal to {n}. Set the initial value of the counter with the SET COUNT command. Increment the counter every time you go through a loop with the COUNT command. IF ENDBLOCK This test is successful if the cursor is on or past the last block line. IF ENDFILE This test is successful if the cursor is on the last line in the file. IF ENDLINE This test is successful if the cursor is past the last character of the current line. IF FOUND This test is successful if the last WAIT, FIND, or REPLACE command was successful. IF STRING '{teststring}' This test is successful if the value of the Envoy internal string variable is identical to the {teststring}. The string variable is defined with the SET STRING command. Use the form SET STRING * to prompt the user for information or use the string variable to return information to a command file from a second command file which it calls with the DO command. Syntax IF COLumn {n} True is cursor is at or beyond column {n} IF CONnect True if DTR signal is high IF COUnt {n} True if Envoy internal counter equals {n} IF ENDBlock True if cursor is at or beyond block IF ENDFile True if cursor is on the last line of the file IF ENDLine True if cursor is at or beyond the end of the current line IF Found True if last WAIT, FIND, or REPLACE command was successful IF String '{teststring}' True if Envoy internal string equals {teststring} Example Set Count 1 ; Initialize counter. Label Loop ; ENVOY will jump back here three times Dial ; Dial a number If Connect ; Check to see if a connection was made Exit Else ; Connection wasn't made If Count 3 ; Check to see if there have been three tries Exit ; Give up if three tries Endif Count ; Increment counter by one Jump Loop ; Go to the top of the file Endif INSERT - Change Insert Mode When Envoy is in INSERT mode, characters which you type are inserted at the cursor position. The character which had been at the cursor position is shifted to the right. In OVERWRITE mode the character at the cursor position is overwritten. The Envoy information line tells you whether you are in INSERT mode or overwrite mode. Syntax INSert ON INSert OFF Set INSERT mode. OR INSert Toggle the current setting. JOIN - Join the current line to the previous line The JOIN command moves the current line to the right side of the line just above the current line. Use the JOIN and BREAKLINE commands to reformat a paragraph. Syntax JOIn JOURNAL - Write a Journal of an ENVOY session to a file. By default, the JOUrnal command writes a summary file of an Envoy session to file Journal.Env. If you wish, you can write the journal information to another file. Every line command, MACRO command, or command file command is written to the file as it is executed. The JOURNAL file is useful if you are having trouble getting a new MACRO definition or command file working. You can try the new operation and then look at the journal file to see what went wrong. The JOURNAL file is also useful in creating a command file. Enter the command JOURNAL ON before you dial a remote computer. Later, you will be able to edit the file Journal.Env to create a command file which will manage the entire log-on automatically. If the file Journal.Env already exists when you enter the JOURNAL ON command the old file is overwritten. If you want to save an old Journal file, rename the file you want to save or else supply a different file name in the JOURNAL ON statement. Syntax JOUrnal ON {filename} JOUrnal OFF Example JOURNAL ON \tmp\Journal.010 ; Write journal information to named file JOURNAL ON ; Write to file JOURNAL.ENV JOURNAL OFF ; Stop writing journal information JUMP - Move to another line in a command file The JUMP command tells Envoy to find a LABEL in a command file and continue execution there. Use the JUMP and LABEL commands and the IF and ELSE commands in a command file for program control. If you issue the JUMP command from inside an IF block all IF conditions are reset so that execution will continue with the command after the LABEL even if you JUMP into the middle of an IF command. Syntax JUmp {Labelname} The command file is rewound and Envoy finds the LABEL labelname. Execution continues with the command just after the LABEL. Example REM # REM # REM ; Three Blank lines REM 'Enter 1 to log on to System 1' REM 'Enter 2 to log on to System 2' SET String * ; User chooses 1 or 2 If String '1' # Jump Sys1 # Endif If String '2' # Jump Sys2 # Endif Exit Label Sys1 ; User chose system 1 Set Number '111-1111' Dial Exit Label Sys2 ; User chose system 2 Set Number '222-2222' Dial Exit LABEL - Mark a transfer point in a command file. The JUMP command tells Envoy to find a LABEL in a command file and continue execution there. Use the JUMP and LABEL commands and the IF and ELSE commands in a command file for program control. Syntax LAbel {Labelname} The command JUMP {labelname} will cause Envoy to continue operation with the command just after this LABEL. MACRO - Redefine the key which executes a command The MACRO command assigns a command to a keyboard key. You can use the MACRO command to set up the Envoy editor to behave like your favorite editor. You can also use the MACRO command to assign a complicated series of commands to a single key. Assign commands to a key by entering MACRO n #command1#command2#... where n is the key number. The numbers assigned to each of the keys are listed in Tables 7.2 and 7.3. You can also find out the number assigned to a key by pressing the key and looking at the Envoy information line. Once you have decided which commands should be assigned to your keys, you can put the MACRO commands into file Initial.Env. The commands in this file are executed each time Envoy starts up. Enter the command MACRO LIST if you want to see all of the MACRO assignments. This command writes all of the current MACRO assignment to the file Macdef.env. Use the MACRO DO command to execute a string of commands which have been assigned to a key without having to press the key. The MACRO DO command is useful in a command file. Syntax MACRO n #command1#command2#..... Where n is the key number from Tables 7.2 and 7.3 or from the Envoy information line. {commandi} can be any of the ENVOY line commands. MAcro List All of the current key assignments are written to file Macdef.Env. MACRO DO n Execute the commands which have been assigned to key number n. Example MACRO 328 # Go Up # Go Up ; The Up-arrow key goes up two lines instead ; of one. MACRO 349 #Screen Clear# Dir C#Wait Key#Screen Show ; Press Shift F10 to see the directory of drive C:, ; wait for the user to press a key, ; then show the current edit file. MENU - Show the Envoy menu. You can use Envoy by using command keys, entering commands on the command line, executing command files or by choosing selections from the Envoy menu. The menu is useful for beginners. You can enter the main menu by pressing alt-m or by entering the MENU command. Syntax Menu OFF - Go off line. Enter the OFF command to exit terminal mode. Envoy will not break the connection to a remote computer even if you quit Envoy to execute DOS commands or run another program. Use the DISCONNECT command to break the connection if you are completely done. Syntax OFf Example ON ; Go on line SEND STRING 'AT DP 1-800-333-1234' ; Dial a number without using the ; DIAL command. OFF ; Go off line ON - Go on line. Enter the ON command to enter terminal mode. After you enter this command all the ASCII key code of each key you press will be sent to the modem except for keys which generate an extended scan code or MACRO keys. If the modem is connected to a remote computer the key codes will be sent to that computer. If the modem is in command mode the key codes will be treated as modem commands. You can use the ON and OFF commands to enter and leave terminal mode without breaking a connection to the remote computer. You might want to do this to edit a text file or leave Envoy to execute another program. Use the DISCONNECT command to break the phone connection. Syntax ON Example ON ; Go on line SEND STRING 'AT DP 1-800-333-1234' ; Dial a number without using the DIAL ; command PARITY - Set the parity for serial communications Every byte which is sent through a serial port is converted to a stream of bits. First a start bit is sent to tell the connected equipment that a byte is being sent. Next the data bits are sent, possibly followed by a parity bit. Finally, one or two stop bits tell the connected equipment that the transmission of the byte is complete. The parity bit is used by the serial port to check that a byte has been received correctly. The serial port examines the data bits and then adds a parity bit. If odd parity has been chosen, the parity bit is set so that an odd number of bits are ones in the transmission of the data bits Plus the parity bit. If even parity has been chosen, there will be an even number of bits in the transmission. If null parity has been chosen, no parity bit is sent. The parity bit is checked by the serial port when a byte is received. The parity check will fail if one of the bits has been flipped by noise on the phone line. Envoy sets characters which fail the parity check to '*' so that you can see on the screen that there is a line problem. Parity checking is a not an especially good way to check the integrity of the transmitted data. It will fail to flag an error much of the time. Parity checking is being replaced by more sophisticated error checking. Data-checking modems and networks use CRC checking to make sure that each byte has been received correctly. If there is an error the byte is resent so that neither the sending nor the receiving program ever sees an error. Similarly, File transfer programs (including Envoy) use CRC checking to check that an entire packet of data has been received correctly. Two computers which are connected by a modem must use the same parity checking. If you don't know what convention the remote computer uses you can find out by trial and error. The most common setting for bulletin boards is 8 data bits, no parity bit, one stop bit. Most mainframe computers use 7 data bits, either even or odd parity, and one stop bit. Try these settings and see if you get a good connection. If this doesn't work try other settings or give up until you find out the right settings. Syntax PARity NULL | EVEN | ODD Example DATA 8 ; Use eight data bits(default) PARITY NULL ; Don't send a parity bit(default) PAUSE - Pause before executing the next command. The PAUSE command tells Envoy to wait awhile before processing the next command. This allows time for a remote computer to process the previous instruction. Syntax PAuse {seconds} Where {seconds} is the delay time in seconds expressed as a decimal fraction Example Send String 'myname' ; Identify yourself to the remote computer Pause 3.5 ; Wait three and a half seconds Send String 'mypassword' ; Supply your password PRotocol - Choose File transfer protocol There are many file transfer schemes around. The XMODEM protocol is one of the first and has become the closest thing to a standard around. The XMODEM file transfer protocol has several variants. The original protocol uses a simple checksum to detect for transmission errors. This isn't particularly reliable because it is fairly easy for a bad data packet to pass the checksum test. The CRC(Cyclical Redundancy Check) test is much more reliable. It is almost impossible for a bad data packet to pass a CRC test. If a data packet fails the test the sending program retransmits until the packet has been received correctly. Always use CRC error checking unless you are logged onto a system which only offers the checksum option. Another variant of the XMODEM protocol is to send 1K byte data packets versus the 128 bytes used by the original protocol. Larger data packets speed up file transfer because less time is spent waiting for the receiving program to transmit the byte which indicates that the last packet has been received correctly. On the other hand, a larger data packet is more likely to get 'hit' by line noise so that more time is spent retransmitting if you have a noisy connection. If you have a very noisy line you will be better off using 128 byte packet size. The YMODEM protocol is a derivative of XMODEM. YMODEM includes CRC error checking, 1K byte data packet size, and sends a packet during the initial handshaking which includes the file name, file creation date, and exact file size so that the received file is exactly identical to the file on the sending system. The Envoy default is to use the XMODEM protocol with CRC error checking and 128 byte packet size. You do not need to change this default when you are receiving a file even if the sending program is using one of the other XMODEM variants. Envoy will automatically recognize which protocol is being used. When you are sending a file to another computer you will have to be sure that Envoy is using the protocol which the remote computer expects. Syntax PRotocol {variant} Allowed values for {variant} are: X, XC, XK, Y Example Protocol Y ; Use YMODEM protocol {now tell remote computer to get ready to receive a file} Xsend myfile ; Send the file PUT - Put a character string into the file The PUT STRING command tells Envoy to put a character string into the edit file at the cursor position. This command enables you to assign entire words or phrases to a single key. The PUT BYTE command provides an easy way to put special characters into the file. Syntax PUT BYTE {number} PUT BYTE * PUT STRING '{alphanumeric string}' PUT STRING * Example PUT String 'word' ; Puts the string into the file MACRO 300 # Put String 'REM' ; Press the alt-z key to put REM into the ; file QUIT - Quit Envoy and return to DOS. The QUIT command stops program execution and returns you to Dos. If you have made any changes to the current edit file, Envoy will ask you if you want to save the file. Use the DISCONNECT command if you want to hang up the phone before you quit the program. If you don't, Envoy will not hang up the phone and you will be able to restart Envoy later to continue where you left off. If you do plan to return to Envoy you might wish to use the DOS command to chain to DOS instead of QUITing the program. Syntax Quit READ - Read a new text file. The Read command reads a new text file. If the current edit file has been changed since the last time you saved it, Envoy will give you the choice of saving the current file before reading the new file. Syntax Read filespec [m,n] Where filespec is the name of the file to read and can contain a complete directory path. If you specify the parameters m and n Envoy will read in the block of text between line number m and line number n in the file. The defaults for m and n are 1 and 32000. Example READ Newtext ; Read file Newtext READ C:\Mine\New ; Read file New in directory C:\Mine REMARK - Write a remark to the screen The REMARK command writes a remark to the screen. The line is not added to the edit file. The line is written on the next to the last line on the screen, which is just above the Envoy information line. When you use the REMARK command in a command file remember to first use the SCREEN CLEAR command and to use the SCREEN SHOW command when you are finished. If you don't, the screen display might become confusing. Syntax REMark Example Screen Clear ; Blank the screen REM '' # REM ''#REM ''REM '' ; Write 4 blank lines REM ' Do you want to continue? Y/N' ; Ask a question Set String * ; Get the answer from the user If String 'N' ; Exit the command file if the Screen Show ; user wants to quit. Exit # Endif ; REPEAT - Repeat last find or replace The REPEAT command repeats the last find or replace operation. Search options for the operation are not changed. Syntax REPEat Example Replace 'BadWord' 'GoodWord' 'UY' ; Replace the next two ; occurrences of the string. Ignore upper case. ; Replace without asking. Repeat ; Replace the next two occurrences REPLACE - Replace a Character String The REPLACE command finds a character string in the edit file and replaces it with another. You must specify the string which you wish to find, its replacement, and search options. Options for the REPLACE operation are : B Search In Block G Global Search U Ignore Upper/Lower Case n Find the n'th occurrence Y Replace without asking If you specify * for the character strings or for the Search option string, Envoy will prompt you for this information. Syntax REPLace '{target}' '{replacement}' '{option string}' OR REPLace * * * Envoy will prompt you to supply the target string, the replacement string and options. Example Replace 'Bad' 'Good' 'UY' ; Replace the next two occurrences of ; the string. Ignore upper case. Replace ; without asking. RETPOS - Return position after entering a line RETPOS defines the column to which the cursor goes when you enter a line. It is useful in setting margins. When the RETPOS command is entered the tab setting is set to the current position on the line. Syntax RETPos SCREEN - Erase or refresh the screen The SCREEN command is used to erase or refresh the screen display. The command is useful in a command file which writes messages to the screen with the REMARK command. Use the SCREEN CLEAR command to erase the screen. Use the SCREEN SHOW command to display the current edit file and the Envoy information line. Syntax SCreen Clear or SCreen Show Example Screen Clear ; Blank the screen REM '' # REM ''#REM ''REM '' ; Write 4 blank lines REM ' Do you want to continue? Y/N' ; Ask a question Set String * ; Get the answer from the user If String 'N' ; Exit the command file if the Screen Show ; user wants to quit. Exit # Endif ; SEND - Send to the modem Use the SEND command to send information to a remote computer or, if your modem is in command mode, to control the modem. The SEND command has several options : The SEND BLOCK command sends the blocked region of your file to the remote computer. You can use this command to transfer lines to a file on the remote computer. The SEND BREAK command sends a 'break' signal. Some network systems require a user to send a 'break' signal to start a session or to abort a session which is in process. A user sends a break signal by setting the data port line to a low voltage for a while, usually .20 to .50 seconds. ENVOY uses a default duration of .40 seconds which will work on most systems. You can choose another duration if you want to but this should never be necessary. The SEND BYTE command sends a single character to the modem. You can send any alphanumeric character or control character. Specify the ASCII code number of the character you wish to send. The SEND FILE command sends an entire text file. Be sure that the remote computer is ready before you enter the SEND FILE command. You can enter a file name which includes an entire directory path. The SEND STRING command sends a character string to the modem. If the modem is in command mode the string will be treated as a modem command. If the modem has made a connection to a remote computer the string will be sent to that computer. The SEND STRING command is used to transmit sends alphanumeric characters. You would usually use the SEND BYTE command to send control characters. Syntax SEND BLOCK SEND BREAK {duration} SEND BYTE {number} SEND FILE {filespec} SEND STRING '{alphanumeric string}' Example ON ; Enter terminal mode Send Break ; Send a break signal Pause 1.5 ; Wait 1.5 seconds Send Break ; Send another break signal Wait String "Enter your password:" 30 ; Wait 30 seconds for the enquiry SEND String "MyWord" ; Log on SET - Set one of the Envoy control parameters The SET command sets the value of one of the Envoy control strings or the Envoy counter. You can set the modem dial prefix, the phone number which will be dialed by the DIAL command, the internal control string which is tested by the IF command, or the internal Envoy counter which can also be tested by the IF command. Syntax SET Prefix '{string}' This is the command string which tells your modem to dial a number(see DIAL command). SET Number '{string}' Tell Envoy what phone number to Dial(see DIAL command). SET String '{string}' Defines the character string which will be tested by the IF command. Set Count n Defines the value of the Envoy internal counter is tested by the IF command. For any of these commands, if you enter the '*' character Envoy will prompt you for the value. Example Set Prefix "AT DP" ; ATtention Dial Pulse Tells a Hayes compatible ; modem to dial a phone number Set Number '123-4567' ; Set phone number for the DIAL command SET String 'OK' ; Wait 30 seconds for the enquiry Set String * ; Envoy will prompt you for the value Set Count 1 ; Initialize counter STRIP - Strip eighth bit from received characters You might occasionally have to communicate with a system which changes the parity setting during log in. This can be frustrating because you must re-enter the PARITY command quickly or you will lose characters. The STRIP command can help in this situation. You should set your communications protocol to 8 data bits with no parity bit before entering the STRIP command. STRIP ON tells Envoy to mask the eighth bit of every character it receives. The STRIP setting has no effect during binary file transfer. Syntax STRip ON|OFF Masks the eighth bit of received data. Example DATA 8 PARITY NONE STRIP ON STOP - Set the number of stop bits for serial communications Every byte which is sent through a serial port is converted to a stream of bits. First a start bit is sent to tell the connected equipment that a byte is being sent. Next the data bits are sent, possibly followed by a parity bit. Finally, one or two stop bits tell the connected equipment that the transmission of the byte is complete. The STOP command tells Envoy how many(one or two) stop bits to use. The Envoy default setting is to use one stop bit, which is the most common convention . Syntax STop 1 | 2 Example Stop 2 ; Use two stop bits Stop 1 ; Reset the number of stop bits to the default TABS - Set tab markers The TABS command sets the column to which the cursor will move when you press the tab-right or tab-left key. Five tabs are available. The default setting for the tabs are: TABS[1] = 1 TABS[2] = 40 TABS[3] = 80 TABS[4] = 255 TABS[5] = 255 Syntax Tabs index setting Where index is the index number of the tab to be set and setting is the new tab setting. Example TABS 2 6 ; Set the second tab to column six TABS 3 10 ; Set the third tab to column ten UNblock - Unblock region The UNBLOCK command removes any block markings which you set with the BLOCK command. The text in the block is not changed. Example UNBLOCK ; Remove block marks WAIT - Wait for something to happen Use the WAIT command to wait until some condition is satisfied. The WAIT command has several options : The WAIT CONNECT command tells Envoy to wait for a Carrier detect signal from the modem, which indicates that a connection to a remote computer has been made. The WAIT KEY command tells Envoy to wait until you press a keyboard key. Use the WAIT KEY command file to give yourself time to think after writing a message from a command file with the REMARK command. The WAIT QUIET command tells Envoy to wait until the line has been quiet -no characters have been sent- for a while. The WAIT STRING command tells Envoy to wait for a string of characters to be transmitted from the remote computer. The string of characters must be enclosed in single quotes. The second parameter on the line is the number of seconds to wait for the string of characters. If you do not enter the second parameter Envoy will wait for up to 10 seconds for the character string to be sent. The WAIT UNTIL command tells Envoy to wait until a set time is reached. This command is useful because many bulletin boards are busy during the daytime. You can use the WAIT UNTIL command to log onto a remote computer and download files in the middle of the night when the system isn't busy and telephone rates are cheaper. Specify the time setting for the WAIT UNTIL command in the form HH MM. The time is specified using 24 hour notation so that 9:30 PM is written as 21 30 . You can test the result of the WAIT commands with the IF FOUND command. FOUND is true if the condition you were WAITing for was satisfied. FOUND is false if the the WAIT timed out without the condition being satisfied or if you pressed the alt-X key to abort the WAIT. Syntax WAit Connect {waittime} WAit Key {waittime} WAit Connect {waittime} WAit String {waittime} WAit Until hh mm Example Wait Until 23 30 : Wait until 11:30 PM Dial ; Call the remote computer Wait String "Enter your password:" 30 ; Wait 30 seconds for the message If found Send String "MyWord" ; Log on Else Exit Endif WRAP - Wrap around the output of the serial port The WRAP command is only useful for testing the computer hardware. It is not used for a normal setup. The WRAP command connects the output of a serial port to the input of the same port. Characters sent to the port are not transmitted to the modem. Instead, they circle around and are received by the serial port just as if they had been sent from a remote computer. Use the wrap command if you suspect that you have a problem with your hardware. Syntax WRAp ON|OFF WRAP ON wraps the output of the serial port. WRAP OFF resets the option to normal Example COM 1 ; Com 1 is installed ON ; Go Online Wrap On ; Wrap output SEND STRING 'Do you see this?' ; If the string is echoed to the ; screen the serial port is OK. Wrap Off ; Return to normal WRITE - Write edit file to disk. The WRITE command writes the entire edit file to a disk file. The file specification can include a full directory path. If the file you name already exists Envoy will ask you before overwriting the old file. When you read a file or write a file to disk, Envoy remembers the name of the file and displays it on the information line. If you enter the WRITE command without giving a file name, Envoy will use the last file name which you entered as a default. This saves you the trouble of having to type in the file name and prevents problems caused by typographical errors. Syntax WRIte filespec Where filespec is the name of the file to be written and can include a full directory path. If filespec is omitted the current file name is used. Example READ C:\Mine\Manual.Txt {edit the file} WRITE ; Write blocked region to file. WRITE C:\Mine\Save\Backup02.Txt ; Save another copy of the file XSEND - Send a file to a remote computer Envoy can send files to a remote computer using the XMODEM or YMODEM protocols. Envoy automatically recognizes which variant of these protocols is being used by the remote computer. Before entering the XSEND command you must tell the remote computer to send the file and select the protocol. Tell the remote computer to use YMODEM or to use XMODEM with CRC. If neither of these protocols is available, tell the remote computer to use XMODEM with Checksum error checking. Syntax XSend filespec Where filespec is the name of file which will be created and can include a complete path Example XSend C:Games/Arcade.exe ; Send file Arcade.Exe in directory Games XGET - Receive a file from a remote computer Envoy will receive files from a remote computer sent with the XMODEM or YMODEM protocols. Envoy automatically recognizes which variant of these protocols is being used. Before entering the XGET command you must tell the remote computer to send the file and select the protocol. Tell the remote computer to use YMODEM or to use XMODEM with CRC. Usually file transfer is quicker if you use 1 Kilobyte(rather than 128 byte) data packets. Do not choose 1 Kilobyte data packets if there is noise on the line because retransmitting bad packets will take too much time. Syntax XGet filespec Where filespec is the name of file which will be created and can include a complete path Example XGET C:Games/Arcade.exe ; Receive file Arcade.Exe in directory Games 7 CHARACTER CODES AND SCAN CODES A character code relates a character set (e.g. 'a','b'...) to the binary representation used by the computer. This subject can be confusing because there are several incompatible character codes. The ASCII character set is shown in Table 7.1. The ASCII set is a standard way of representing alphanumeric and computer control characters. IBM compatible computers use 256 display codes based on the ASCII character set. The IBM display codes define what you see on the CRT screen when you write a character. The first 128 characters of the IBM set are loosely based on the ASCII set. The second 128 characters were chosen by IBM and be interpreted differently by non-IBM hardware, such as your printer. This is why you sometimes see garbage when you print your screen display. IBM compatible computers also use a keyboard character set which defines what number is generated when you press a keyboard key. The first 128 codes are based on the ASCII character set. Table 7.2 shows the first 128 keyboard scan codes. The IBM extended keyboard character set includes the Function keys, the Alt keys, etc. ENVOY uses a character set based on the IBM character set. The ENVOY extended codes are formed by adding 256 to the scan codes for the IBM extended character set. Table 7.3 shows the extended keyboard set used by ENVOY. You should use keys from the extended character set when you define ENVOY MACROs. If you use a key which generates one of the ASCII codes in the range 0 to 127 you will not be able to send that code to a remote computer. Table 7.1 ASCII Character Codes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ASCII Character | ASCII Character | ASCII Character | ASCII Character | | Value | Value | Value | Value | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 NUL | 32 (space) | 64 @ | 96 ` | | 1 SOH | 33 ! | 65 A | 97 a | | 2 STX | 34 " | 66 B | 98 c | | 3 ETX | 35 # | 67 C | 99 c | | 4 EOT | 36 $ | 68 D | 100 d | | 5 ENQ | 37 % | 69 E | 101 e | | 6 ACK | 38 % | 70 F | 102 f | | 7 BEL | 39 ' | 71 G | 103 g | | 8 BS | 40 ( | 72 H | 104 h | | 9 HT | 41 ) | 73 I | 105 i | | 10 LF | 42 * | 74 J | 106 j | | 11 VT | 43 + | 75 K | 107 k | | 12 FF | 44 , | 76 L | 108 l | | 13 CR | 45 - | 77 M | 109 m | | 14 SO | 46 . | 78 N | 110 n | | 15 SI | 47 / | 79 O | 111 o | | 16 DLE | 48 0 | 80 P | 112 p | | 17 DC1 | 49 1 | 81 Q | 113 q | | 18 DC2 | 50 2 | 82 R | 114 r | | 19 DC3 | 51 3 | 83 S | 115 s | | 20 DC4 | 52 4 | 84 T | 116 t | | 21 NAK | 53 5 | 85 U | 117 u | | 22 SYN | 54 6 | 86 V | 118 v | | 23 ETB | 55 7 | 87 W | 119 w | | 24 CAN | 56 8 | 88 X | 120 x | | 25 EM | 57 9 | 89 Y | 121 y | | 26 SUB | 58 : | 90 Z | 122 z | | 27 ESC | 59 ; | 91 [ | 123 { | | 28 FS | 60 < | 92 \ | 124 | | | 29 GS | 61 = | 93 ] | 125 } | | 30 RS | 62 > | 94 ^ | 126 ~ | | 31 US | 63 ? | 95 _ | 127 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 7.2 IBM Keyboard Scan Codes (0-127) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Keyboard Code | Keyboard Code | Keyboard Code | KeyBoard Code | | Key | Key | Key | Key | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | (none) 0 | SpaceBar 32 | @ 64 | ` 96 | | c-a 1 | ! 33 | A 65 | a 97 | | c-b 2 | " 34 | B 66 | c 98 | | c-c 3 | # 35 | C 67 | c 99 | | c-d 4 | $ 36 | D 68 | d 100 | | c-e 5 | % 37 | E 69 | e 101 | | c-f 6 | % 38 | F 70 | f 102 | | c-g 7 | ' 39 | G 71 | g 103 | | c-h 8 | ( 40 | H 72 | h 104 | | c-i 9 | ) 41 | I 73 | i 105 | | c-j 10 | * 42 | J 74 | j 106 | | c-k 11 | + 43 | K 75 | k 107 | | c-l 12 | , 44 | L 76 | l 108 | | c-m 13 | - 45 | M 77 | m 109 | | c-n 14 | . 46 | N 78 | n 110 | | c-o 15 | / 47 | O 79 | o 111 | | c-p 16 | 0 48 | P 80 | p 112 | | c-q 17 | 1 49 | Q 81 | q 113 | | c-r 18 | 2 50 | R 82 | r 114 | | c-s 19 | 3 51 | S 83 | s 115 | | c-t 20 | 4 52 | T 84 | t 116 | | c-u 21 | 5 53 | U 85 | u 117 | | c-v 22 | 6 54 | V 86 | v 118 | | c-w 23 | 7 55 | W 87 | w 119 | | c-x 24 | 8 56 | X 88 | x 120 | | c-y 25 | 9 57 | Y 89 | y 121 | | c-z 26 | : 58 | Z 90 | z 122 | | Escape 27 | ; 59 | [ 91 | { 123 | | (none) 28 | < 60 | \ 92 | | 124 | | (none) 29 | = 61 | ] 93 | } 125 | | (none) 30 | > 62 | ^ 94 | ~ 126 | | (none) 31 | ? 63 | _ 95 | (none) 127 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 7.3 IBM Extended Keyboard Scan Codes (256-388) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Keyboard Scan | Keyboard Scan | Keyboard Scan | | Key Code | Key Code | Key Code | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 256 | alt-x 301 | S-F7 346 | | 257 | alt-c 302 | S-F8 347 | | 258 | alt-v 303 | S-F9 348 | | 259 | alt-b 304 | S-F10 349 | | 260 | alt-b 305 | c-F1 350 | | 261 | alt-n 306 | c-F2 351 | | 262 | alt-m 307 | c-F3 352 | | 263 | 308 | c-F4 353 | | 264 | 309 | c-F5 354 | | 265 | 310 | c-F6 355 | | 266 | 311 | c-F7 356 | | 267 | 312 | c-F8 357 | | 268 | 313 | c-F9 358 | | 269 | 314 | c-F10 359 | | 270 | F1 315 | a-F1 360 | | TabLeft 271 | F2 316 | a-F2 361 | | alt-q 272 | F3 317 | a-F3 362 | | alt-w 273 | F4 318 | a-F4 363 | | alt-e 274 | F5 319 | a-F5 364 | | alt-r 275 | F6 320 | a-F6 365 | | alt-t 276 | F7 321 | a-F7 366 | | alt-y 277 | F8 322 | a-F8 367 | | alt-u 278 | F9 323 | a-F9 368 | | alt-i 279 | F10 324 | a-F10 369 | | alt-o 280 | 325 | PrtSc 370 | | alt-p 281 | 326 | c-LeftArrow 371 | | 282 | Home 327 | c-RightArrow 372 | | 283 | UpArrow 328 | c-End 373 | | 284 | PgUp 329 | c-PgDn 374 | | 285 | 330 | c-Home 375 | | alt-a 286 | LeftArrow 331 | alt-1 376 | | alt-s 287 | 332 | alt-2 377 | | alt-d 288 | RightArrow 333 | alt-3 378 | | alt-f 289 | 334 | alt-4 379 | | alt-g 290 | End 335 | alt-5 380 | | alt-h 291 | DownArrow 336 | alt-6 381 | | alt-j 292 | PgDn 337 | alt-7 382 | | alt-k 293 | Ins 338 | alt-8 383 | | alt-l 294 | Del 339 | alt-9 384 | | 295 | S-F1 340 | alt-- 385 | | 296 | S-F2 341 | alt-= 387 | | 297 | S-F3 342 | c-PgUp 388 | | 298 | S-F4 343 | F11 389 | | 299 | S-F5 344 | F12 390 | | alt-z 300 | S-F6 345 | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 REGISTRATION INFORMATION Private Use ENVOY is being distributed as shareware. You may use the program without charge while you decide if it is useful to you. If you find it useful you should register as an ENVOY user. Registration is not required for clubs or user groups distributing the software on a SHAREWARE basis, providing that the entire ENVOY program package with accompanying documentation files is included in the distribution, and no more than a nominal fee (not to exceed $10) is charged for such distribution. Corporate and Governmental Site License This is a license for use of the software within your company or goverment agency, and is not transferable. This allows internal use and copying of the software for as many sites / computers as contracted for. Distributing, repackaging, or reselling of the software to third parties is not allowed. Source Code The source code for the ENVOY program is available for a fee. You may modify the source code to build a custom version of the ENVOY code for your own use. You may not distribute the source code or any modified version of the ENVOY code. ENVOY COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAM SINGLE USER REGISTRATION Registration, program disk and documentation........... $40 _______ SITE LICENSE RATES Site license for the use of ENVOY (Includes one diskette with program disk & documentation.) 2 to 24 computers ..... at $35 each # computers ___x $35 _______ 25 to 49 computers ..... at $25 each # computers ___x $25 _______ 50 to 99 computers ..... at $20 each # computers ___x $20 _______ 100 or more computers .... $2000 one time fee _______ Diskette format (choose one) 5.25" disk ____ 3.5" disk ____ Extra program disk & documentation at $10.00 each. ___x $10 _______ SOURCE CODE C Language Source...................................$150 _______ Pascal Language Source..............................$150 _______ Source code in both C and Pascal....................$200 _______ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL _______ Mail payment to : North Granby Software 60 Mountain Road North Granby, CT 06060