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- àï4.3ëSolving Proportions.
-
- äè Please determine if the following Proportions are true.
-
- âèDetermine if the following Proportions are true.
- êë 2ê4êêêêêëThis is
- # Case 1)ë─è=è─è,è 2∙6ï=ï3∙4è,ï12ï=ï12ï,ïa true
- êë 3ê6êêêêêè proportion.
- êë 3ê5êêêêêëThis is
- # Case 2)ë─è=è─è,è 3∙9ï=ï5∙7è,ï27ïƒï35ï,ïNot a true
- êë 7ê9êêêêêè proportion.
-
- éS A Proportion is an equation you form when two Ratios are set
- equal to each other.ïYou also have a proportion when two Rates are set
- equal to each other.ïThe following equations are examples of Propor-
- tions.êè2ë4êêê 3ë5
- #êêï─ï=ï─êïandêè─ï=ï─
- êêï3ë6êêê 7ë9
- êêêêë2ë4
- #To determine if the proportion,ï─ï=ï─ , is a true proportion, you
- êêêêë3ë6
- should cross multiply.ïThat is, you should multiply the "6" times "2"
- and the "3" times "4".
- êêêêï2∙6ï=ï3∙4
- êêêêè12ï=ï12
- Since the last statement is "true", the original proportion is "true".
- êêêêêï3ë5
- #è To determine if the proportion,ï─ï=ï─ , is a true proportion, you
- êêêêêï7ë9
- should cross multiply.ê 3∙9ï=ï7∙5
- #êêêêè27ïƒï35
- Since 27 is not equal to 35, the original proportion is Not a true
- proportion.
- ï1
- êêêë 3ë6
- #êëDetermine if,ï─ï=ï─ , is a true proportion.
- êêêë 4ë9
-
- êêêA)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè 3ê6
- #êêêêè─è=è─
- êêêêè4ê9
- êêêê3∙9è =è 4∙6
- #êêêê 27è ƒè 24
- êêêThis is not a true proportion.
- Ç B
- ï2
- êêêê 4ë 8
- #êêDetermine if,ï─ï=ï── , is a true proportion.
- êêêê 5ë10
-
- êêêA)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè 4ê 8
- #êêêêè─è=è──
- êêêêè5ê10
- êêêê4∙10è=è 5∙8
- êêêê 40è =è 40
- êêêïThis is a true proportion.
- Ç A
- ï3
- êêêê 12ë60
- #êêDetermine if,ï──ï=ï── , is a true proportion.
- êêêêï7ë35
-
- êêêA)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè12ê60
- #êêêêï──è=è──
- êêêêè7ê35
- êêêë 12∙35è=è7∙60
- êêêê 420è=è420
- êêêïThis is a true proportion.
- Ç A
- ï4
- êêêë 12 gal.ë60 miles
- #êëDetermine if,ï───────ï=ï──────── , is a true proportion.
- (This proportionêë7 gal.ë35 miles
- has two ratios)
- êêêA)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè12ê60
- #êêêêï──è=è──ï(The units have been dropped)
- êêêêè7ê35
- êêêë 12∙35è=è7∙60
- êêêê 420è=è420
- êêêïThis is a true proportion.
- Ç A
- ï5
- êêêë 3 daysë 14 dollars
- #êëDetermine if,ï──────è=ï────────── , is a true proportion
- (This proportionêè 5 daysë 23 dollars
- has two ratios)
- êêê A)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè 3ê14
- #êêêêè─è=è──ï(The units have been dropped)
- êêêêè5ê23
- êêêê3∙23è=è5∙14
- #êêêêï69èƒè70
- êêêThis is Not a true proportion.
- Ç B
- ï6
- êêêë 4 yds.ë 20 yds.
- #êëDetermine if,ï──────è=ï─────── , is a true proportion.
- (This proportionêè 12 ft.ë 60 ft.
- has two rates)
- êêêA)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè 4ê20
- #êêêêï──è=è──ï(The units have been dropped)
- êêêêï12ê60
- êêêê4∙60è=è12∙20
- êêêê 240è=è240
- êêêïThis is a true proportion.
- Ç A
- ï7
- êêêè40 milesê80 miles
- #êïDetermine if,ï────────è=è──────── , is a true proportion.
- (This proportionêï2 gal.êï5 gal.
- has two rates)
- êêêA)ïTrueê B)ïNot True
-
- üêêêè40ê80
- #êêêêï──è=è──ï(The units have been dropped)
- êêêêè2ê 5
- êêêê40∙5è=è2∙80
- #êêêê 200èƒè160
- êêêïThis is Not a true proportion.
- Ç B
- äèPlease solve the following Proportions.
-
- #âèSolve,ëxê 5è ┌────────¥êè 40
- #êêê─è=è──è │êëxè=è──
- #êêê8ê20è │êêë 20
- #êêêêê│êëxè=è2
- #êêè 20∙xè=è8∙5è│
- #êêêêê│
- #êêè 20∙xè=è40 ───┘
- éSêêêê xê 5
- #êèTo solve the proportion,ï─è=è──ï, you must find the
- êêêêê 8ê20
- number that can replace "x" and make a true proportion.ïThe proportion,
- xê 5
- #─è=è── , is neither true nor false with the "x" present in the
- 8ê20
-
- equation.ïTo "solve" the proportion means to find the number that can
- replace "x" and make a true sentence.ïThe best way to solve the
- proportion is to cross multiply.
- êêêêèxê 5
- #êêêêè─è=è──
- êêêêè8ê20
-
- êêêê20∙xè=è5∙8
- Next, simplify the right hand side.
- êêêê20∙xè=è40
- Finally, you must divide the "20" into the "40" and reduce if necessary.
- êêêêêè 40
- #êêêêèxè=è──
- êêêêêè 20
- êêêêèxè=è2
- Thus, "2" is the solution of the proportion.ïThis can be verified by
- substituting "2" in for "x" in the original equation.
- êêêêï2êè5
- #êêêêï─è =è ──
- êêêêï8êï20
- (cross multiply)êï2∙20ë=ë8∙5
- êêêê 40è =è 40
-
- Since we have a true proportion, this verifies that "2" is the solution.
-
- ï8êêêêè xê6
- #êêëSolve the proportion,ï─è=è─ .
- êêêêêê3ê9
-
- êA)ï3êëB)ï2êëC)ï4êëD)ïå
-
-
- #üêïxê6ê ┌──────¥êë 18
- #êê ─è=è─ê │êëxè=è──
- #êê 3ê9ê │êêê9
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 9∙xè=è3∙6ë │êëxè=è2
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 9∙xè=è18è ───┘
- ÇïB
- ï9êêêêè4ê8
- #êêè Solve the proportion,ï─è=è─ .
- êêêêêë 3êx
-
- êA)ï4êëB)ï5êëC)ï6êëD)ïå
-
-
- #üêï4ê8ê ┌──────¥êë 24
- #êê ─è=è─ê │êëxè=è──
- #êê 3êxê │êêê4
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 4∙xè=è3∙8ë │êëxè=è6
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 4∙xè=è24è ───┘
- ÇïC
- ï10êêêê 6ê18
- #êêèSolve the proportion,ï─è=è── .
- êêêêêëyê15
-
- êA)ï5êëB)ï6êëC)ï9êëD)ïå
-
-
- #üêï6ê18ê┌──────¥è 90
- #êê ─è=è──ê│êè ──è=èy
- #êê yê15ê│êè 18
- #êêêêè │
- #êë6∙15è=è18∙yë│êë5è=èy
- #êêêêè │
- #êê90è=è18∙yï───┘
- ÇïA
- ï11êêêêï5ê n
- #êêè Solve the proportion,ï─è=è── .
- êêêêêë 7ê35
-
- êA)ï15êè B)ï20êè C)ï25êè D)ïå
-
-
- #üêï5ê nê┌──────¥è175
- #êê ─è=è──ê│êè───è=èn
- #êê 7ê35ê│êè 7
- #êêêêè │
- #êë5∙35è=è7∙në │êè 25è=èn
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 175è=è7∙nè───┘
- ÇïC
- ï12êêêêï3ê p
- #êêè Solve the proportion,ï─è=è── .
- êêêêêë 4ê12
-
- êA)ï9êëB)ï12êè C)ï8êëD)ïå
-
-
- #üêï3ê pê┌──────¥è 36
- #êê ─è=è──ê│êè ──è=èp
- #êê 4ê12ê│êë4
- #êêêêè │
- #êë3∙12è=è4∙pë │êë9è=èp
- #êêêêè │
- #êê36è=è4∙pè───┘
- ÇïA
- ï13êêêê$65êëx
- #êê Solve the proportion,ï──────è=è────── .ï(two Rates)
- êêêêêè5 daysê2 days
-
- êA)ï$30êèB)ï$26êèC)ï$28êèD)ïå
-
-
- #üê 65ê xê┌──────¥è130
- #êê──è=è──ê│êè───è=èx
- #(The unitsë5ê 2ê│êè 5
- #are dropped)êêë │
- #êë 65∙2ï=è5∙xë │êè 26è=èx
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 130è=è5∙xè───┘ëThe solution is $26.
- ÇïB
- ï14êêêè7 tilesê 4 feet
- #êëSolve the proportion,ï───────è=è─────── . (two Ratios)
- êêêêêx tilesê20 feet
-
- êA)ï35 tilesëB)ï25 tilesëC)ï45 tilesëD)ïå
-
-
- #üêï7ê 4ê┌──────¥è140
- #êê──è=è──ê│êè───è=èx
- #(The unitsëxê20ê│êè 4
- #are dropped)êêë │
- #êë 7∙20ï=è4∙xë │êè 35è=èx
- #êêêêè │
- #êë 140è=è4∙xè───┘ëThe solution is 35 tiles.
- ÇïA
- ï15êêêè 2 gal.ê7 gal.
- #êëSolve the proportion,è──────è=è──────ï. (two Rates)
- êêêêê 8 qts.êx qts.
-
- êA)ï22 qts.ë B)ï24 qts.ë C)ï28 qts.ë D)ïå
-
-
- #üêï2ê7ê ┌──────¥êë 56
- #êê──è=è─ê │êëxè=è──
- #(The unitsë8êxê │êêê2
- #are dropped)êêë │
- #êê2∙xï=è8∙7ë │êëxè=è28
- #êêêêè │
- #êê2∙xï=è56è ───┘ëThe solution is 28 qts.
- ÇïC
- ï16êê 250 peach treesê2 acres
- #ïSolve the proportion,ï────────────────è=è───────ï. (two Ratios)
- êêêè 1500 peach treesêx acres
-
- êA)ï16 acresëB)ï12 acresëC)ï14 acresëD)ïå
-
-
- #üê 250ë 2ê ┌──────¥êë 3000
- #êë ────ï=ï──ê │êëxè=è────
- #(The unitsè1500ë xê │êêê250
- #are dropped)êêë │
- #êë250 xï=è2∙1500è│êëxè=è12
- #êêêêè │
- #êë250∙xï=è3000ï───┘ëThe solution is 12 acres.
- ÇïB
-
-