home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- 81
- à 8.3èThe Colon
- ä:èIn the sentences in the Example, underline the ones
- which correctly use a colon.
- âS:
-
- èTo supplement his income, he added: stocks, bonds, and an IRA.
- èI know that you agree with: Dick, Joe, and Margaret.
- #è╕They decided to do three things: box, play tennis, and pull weeds╗.
- #╕╕╗è╕I am sure of one thing: Jackie is proud of her peacock╗.╗
- éS A colon's primary function is to introduce a list of items.
- But in doing so, there must be a complete thought preceding the colon.
- The material after the colon can be one or more fragments and/or one
- #or more independent clauses.ïFor example, in ╖My father liked three
- #╖main dishes: pizza, rib roast, and scallops, My father liked three
- #╖main dishes╗ is a complete thought that precedes the colon, followed
- by the series of food items.ïAnother use of the colon is to indicate
- that a very important piece of information is to be emphasized.ïFor
- #example, in ╖There is only one way to get ahead in life: outwit your
- #╖rivals╗, a colon is put before ╖outwit your rivals╗ in order to high-
- light its importance.ïA comma could be used instead of the colon, but
- for extra emphasis, the colon is preferred.
- 1.èWhich one of the following sentences appropriately uses
- a colon?
- A)ïLast week I saw: two turtle doves, three turkeys, and four muskrats.
- B)ïShe was delighted with: new shoes, new hose, and a new closet.
- C)ïSteve was ashamed of three things that happened to him: getting a
- è divorce, going bankrupt, and losing his job.
- D)ïå
- ü In the sentence itemizing the three bad things that happened to
- Steve, the colon is used correctly.ïIt comes after a complete thought,
- #consisting of the independent clause ╢Steve was ashamed of three things╗
- #and an adjective dependent clause ╢that happened to him╗.ïAnd following
- #the colon is a series of three gerund phrases: ╢getting a divorce, going
- #╢bankrupt, and losing his job.╗ïIn another sentence, the colon is inef-
- #fectively used because it follows ╖the last week I saw╗, an incomplete
- thought that requires a direct object.ïRemove the semicolon so that
- #the three direct objects in the series (╖two turtle doves, three tur-
- #╖keys, and four muskrats╗) can complete the thought.ïIn the remaining
- sentence, a colon incorrectly separates the three objects of a prepo-
- #sition (╖shoes, hose, ╗and ╖closet╗) from their preposition ╖in╗.ï╖She
- #╖was delighted with╗ is not a complete thought unless it is followed by
- an object of the preposition.ïOmit the colon to correct the sentence.
- Ç C
- 2.èWhich one of the following appropriately uses a colon?
- A)ïHis study consisted of the following items: a crumbling table:
- è a torn chair: and a gouged desk.
- B)ïI perceive two flaws in your theory: my cat was not transformed into
- è a rat, and a password is not encoded into my calculator.
- C)ïI would like to visit: Jamaica, Senegal, and Morocco.
- D)ïå
- #ü The sentence beginning with ╢my cat╗ and ending with ╢my calcula-
- #╢tor╗ demonstrates the correct use of the colon.ïA complete thought,
- #the independent clause ╢I perceive two flaws in your theory╗, precedes
- the colon.ïAfter the colon come two items in a series, one beginning
- #with ╢my cat╗ and the other with ╢a password╗.ïIn another sentence, the
- #first colon is correctly used after the complete thought ╖his study
- #╖consisted of the following items.╗ïBut putting colons after the first
- and second items is incorrect.ïSubstitute two commas for the two
- colons.ïIn the remaining sentence, the colon incorrectly separates
- #the infinitive ╖to visit╗ from its objects ╖Jamaica, Senegal,╗ and ╖
- #╖Morocco╗.ïRemove the colon, and the sentence becomes complete.
- Ç B
- 3.ïWhich one of the following sentences appropriately uses
- a colon?
- A)ïThere is only one course left for us to take: invade the mainland.
- B)ïInvestigate his: maid, wife, and bridge partner.
- C)ïAre you going to stay here because you are: too cowardly to move
- è or too attached to your landlady?
- D)ïå
- ü To emphasize an important point, a colon is correctly used in
- #front of ╢invade the mainland╗.ïAppropriately a complete thought, ╢
- #╢there is only one course left for us to take╗, precedes the colon.ïIn
- #another sentence, a colon wrongly separates ╖maid, wife, ╗and ╖bridge
- #╖partner╗ from the possessive pronoun ╖his╗, acting as the adjective
- that modifies them.ïOmit the colon, and the thought is complete.ïIn
- the remaining sentence, the colon inappropriately separates the two
- #predicate adjectives ╖cowardly╗ and ╖attached╗ from ╖you╗, the pronoun
- they refer to.ïOmit the colon, and the sentence becomes a complete
- thought.
- Ç A
-
-