Middle School Math & Grammar/ProOneSoftware-MiddleSchoolMath&Grammar-Win31.iso/grammar/chapter2.3g

Text File | 1994-11-03 | 9.6 KB | 212 lines

 210
à 2.3èSubjects and Objects in Relation to Verbs
ä:èIn the sentence in the Example, identify the subject,
the direct object, the indirect object, and the predicate noun.
â:

#êïIn the sentence ╖After James gave Susan a poster, he became her
#╖friend, ╗the subject is ╖James, ╗the direct object is ╖poster, ╗the in-
#direct object is ╖Susan╗, and the predicate noun is ╖friend.
éS The noun or pronoun that does something (through an action verb)
or expresses the fact that it exists (through a linking verb) is called
the subject of a sentence.ïUsually the subject comes before the verb,
#as in ╖The cupcakes are at the end of the aisle.ïCupcakes ╗is the sub-
#ject, and ╖are╗ is the verb.ïBut the sentence can be reversed: ╖At the
#╖end of the aisle are the cupcakes.ï╗In this sentence structure, the
#subject╖ cupcakes╗ is last and the verb ╖are╗ precedes it.

After a subject and a verb are expressed, very often there is a noun or
pronoun that helps complete the thought.ïThis noun or pronoun could be
a direct object, indirect object, or predicate noun.ïThe direct object
is the outcome of the relationship between the subject and the action
#verb.ïIt answers the question ╖What? ╗or ╖Who?ï╗For example, in ╖Trey
#╖saw the diaper and the baby, Trey, ╗a person (the subject) does some-
#thing.ïHe sees (an action verb) what?ïThe ╖diaper ╗(a direct object).
#And who?ïThe ╖baby ╗(a direct object).ïNote that the term transitive
verb refers to an action verb that takes a direct object.ïAction verbs
that do not take direct objects are called intransitive verbs.ïAn in-
direct object receives whatever is transferred in the process from sub-
#ject to verb and direct object.ïFor example, if I said, ╖"Thomas gave
#╖his dad the fish," ╗dad is the indirect object because it receives the
#result ╖╗(╖the fish╗) of the action that Thomas began.

A predicate noun or pronoun completes the thought generated by a subject
#and a linking verb.ïFor example, in the sentence ╖Al is ╗(a linking
#verb) ╖a leader, leader ╗is the predicate noun because it answers the
#question ╖What? ╗or ╖Who? ╜╗a question established by the relationship
between the subject and the verb.
 1.èWhich one of the following sentences contains the subject
of an action verb?
A)ïJoan is a realtor from New York.
B)ïDid he imagine how you would look in fifty years?
C)ïI was uneasy in the skyscraper because I have always been afraid of
è long elevator rides.
D)ïå
ü
#ë╢He ╗is the subject of the action verb ╢imagine╗.ïAll the
#other verbs are linking verbs: ╖is, would, look, was, have, been.ïJoan
#╗is the subject of ╖is; you ╗is the subject of ╖look; I ╗is the subject
#of ╖was ╗and ╖have been.╗
Ç B
 2.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a subject of
a linking verb?

A)ïFar into the cave was a large footprint.
B)ïHe smuggled refugees into many countries.
C)ïSometimes I have a craving for muffins.
D)ïå
ü

#ë╢╢╢Footprints ╗is the subject of the linking verb ╢was.ï╗He is
#the subject of the action verb ╖smuggled, ╗and ╖I ╗is the subject of the
#action verb ╖have.╗
Ç A
 3.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a subject of
a linking verb preceded by three helping verbs?

A)ïI might be satisfied if you grant me one wish.
B)ïAre you donating blood tomorrow?
C)ïJim could have been tasting the butterscotch pudding.
D)ïå
#üè╢╢╢Jim ╗is the subject of the verb ╢tasting ╗that has three
#helping verbs in front of it: ╢could, have, ╗and ╢been.ï╗In another
#sentence, ╖I ╗is the subject of the verb ╖satisfied, ╗which has two
#helping verbs in front of it, ╖might ╗and ╖be, ╗and ╖you ╗is the subject
#of the action verb ╖grant.╗ïIn the remaining sentence, ╖you ╗is the
#subject of the verb ╖donating, ╗with ╖are ╗being the helping verb.
Ç C
 4.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a subject of
two action verbs?

A)ïThe submarine emerged and headed towards port.
B)ïBoth Frieda and Marsha flirted with the same aerobics instructor.
C)ïUnderneath the baseboard lurked a spider.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Submarine╗ is the subject of the two action verbs ╢emerged╗ and
#╢headed.╗ïIf a sentence has more than one verb that has the same sub-
#ject, those verbs are called compound verbs.ïThus ╢emerged╗ and ╢head-╗
#╢ed╗ are compound verbs.ïIn another sentence ╖Frieda╗ and ╖Marsha╗ are
#the two subjects of the same action verb ╖flirted.╗ïIf a sentence
has more than one subject of the same verb, ç subjects are call-
#ed compound subjects.ïIn this case, ╖Frieda╗ and ╖Marsha╗ are compound
#subjects.ï╖Spider╗ is the subject of the verb ╖lurked╗ in the remain-
ing sentence.
Ç A
 5.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a direct
object of the verb?

A)ïThe salesperson went into the lounge.
B)ïWas your lawnmower repaired?
C)ïI cut the turkey in half.
D)ïå
ü

#ë╢╢╢╗The noun ╢turkey╗ is the direct object of the verb ╢cut╗; the
#subject of cut is ╢I╗.ïThe verbs ╖went╗ and ╖was repaired╗ have no
#direct objects.ï╖Salesperson╗ is the subject of ╖went,╗ and ╖lawn-╗
#╖mower╗ is subject of ╖is repaired.╗╗
Ç C
 6.èWhich one of the following sentences contains two direct
objects of the same verb?

A)ïThe librarian received today ten books and seventeen magazines.
B)ïI did my errands before the traffic became too thick.
C)ïYou found Stephen's penknife.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Books╗ and ╢magazines╗ are the two direct objects of the verb
#╢received╗; ╢librarian╗ is the subject of ╢received╗.ïThere is only one
#direct object in each of the other sentences.ï╖╖E╖rrands╗╗╗ is the╗ di-
#rect object of the verb ╖did╗, and ╖penknife╗ is the direct object of
#the verb ╖find.╗ïThe subject of ╖did╗ is ╖I╗, and the subject of ╖
#╖╖found ╗is ╖you. ╗ Because the verb ╖became╗ is not an action verb, it
#doesn't take a direct object.ïIts subject is ╖traffic.
Ç A
 7.èWhich one of the following sentences contains one direct
object?

A)ïHe grew too fond of gambling.
B)ïShe remained in the building despite the smoke in the rooms.
C)ïI am delighted with my grades.
D)ïå
ü
êïNo sentence contains a direst object.ïIn ç sentences, all
#╢╗╗the verbs ╖(am delighted, grew, ╗and ╖remained), ╗because they are
linking verbs, do not have any direct objects.ïOnly action verbs take
#direct objects.ï╖He ╗is the subject of ╖grew╗╖, she ╗is the subject of
#╖remained, ╗and ╖I ╗is the subject of ╖delighted.╗êêï╖
Ç D
 8.èWhich one of the following sentences contains an indirect
object?

A)ïThey awarded Ken a computer.
B)ïDo you have any tickets left?
C)ïI need your advice badly.
D)ïå
#üè╢Ken ╗is an indirect object.ïHe is the receiver of the object
#╢╗╗transferred through the subject and verb.ïThat object is the direct
#object, the word ╢computer.ïThey ╗is the subject of the verb ╢awarded.
#╝╗In another sentence, ╖tickets ╗is a direct object of the verb ╖have,╗
#╖╗with ╖you ╗as the subject of ╖need ╗in the remaining sentence. ╖
Ç A
 9.èWhich one of the following sentences contains two indirect
objects?

A)ïThe writer submitted five chapters to the publisher.
B)ïHazel gave Laverne and Shirley a used adding machine.
C)ïOur house increased in value last year.
D)ïå
#üè╢╢╢Laverne ╗and ╢Shirley ╗are the two indirect objects.ïThe
#╢╗╗╖╗direct object is the ╖adding machine ╗with ╖gave ╗as the verb and ╖
#╖Hazel ╗as the subject of ╖gave.ï╗In another sentence, ╖chapters
#╝╗╗is a direct object of the verb ╖submitted, ╗and the subject of that
#╖╗verb is ╖writer.ï╗The remaining sentence has no indirect or direct
#objects, just the verb ╖increase ╗with ╖house ╗as its subject.
Ç B
 10.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a predicate
noun?

A)ïAre you sure that you are Napoleon?
B)ïJoan of Arc was truly inspired.
C)ïHam and cheese go well together.
D)ïå
#üè╢╢╢╢Napoleon ╗is a predicate noun.ïIt identifies the subject
#╢╗╗╖╗╖you ╗and is connected to the subject through the linking verb ╖
#╖are.ï╗All predicate nouns are interchangeable with their subjects.
#╝╗╗That same sentence has another subject ╖you ╗and another linking verb
#╖╗╖are, ╗but no predicate noun follows.ïThe other two sentences have
#no objects of any of the verbs.ïThe subject of ╖was inspired ╗is
#╖Joan of Arc; ╗the subject of ╖go ╗is ╖ham ╗and ╖cheese.╗
Ç A
 11.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a predicate
noun and a direct object?
A)ïHe is my only buddy at school.
B)ïThe general issued him some ammunition.
C)ïThe janitor was the leader of the maintenance crew because he had
è the most experience.
D)ïå
#üè╢╢╢╢╗Both ╢leader, ╗a predicate noun, and ╢experience, ╗a
#╢╗╗╖╗╖╗direct object, are found in the same sentence.ï╢Leader ╗refers
#╖╗to the subject ╖janitor; ╗the verb in between them is ╖was.ï╢Ex-
#╝╗╗╢perience ╗is the object of the verb ╖had, ╗whose subject is ╖he.
#╖╗╗Another sentence has a predicate noun ╖buddy ╗but no direct object
#in it.ïThe remaining sentence has the verb ╖issued ╗that takes an
#╖╗indirect object ╖him ╗and the direct object ╖╖ammunition; ╗there is no
predicate noun.
Ç C
 12.èWhich one of the following sentences contains a direct
object, an indirect object, and a predicate noun?

A)ïAre you here for your pizza?
B)ïBecause I was a hero, Congress gave me a medal.
C)ïUnlike Bob, Helena walks around the block until her feet ache.
D)ïå
#üè╢╢╢╢╗In one sentence╢ hero ╗is a predicate noun referring to I,
#╢╗╗╖╗╖╗with ╖was ╗linking the two words; ╢me ╗is the indirect object
#╖╗of the verb ╖gave, ╗and ╢medal ╗is the direct object of ╖gave.
#╝╗╗╢╖Congress ╗is the subject of the verb ╖gave.ï╗No other sentence
#╖╗╗has a direct object, an indirect object, or a predicate noun--what
#is left is one main verb ╖are ╗in one sentence and the intransitive
#╖╗verb ╖walks ╗in another sentence.
Ç B