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- INDENT(1)
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- NAME
- indent - indent and format C program source
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- SYNOPSIS
- indent [ input-file [ output-file ] ] [ -bad | -nbad ]
- [ -bap | -nbap ] [ -bbb | -nbbb ] [ -bc | -nbc ]
- [ -bl ] [ -br ] [ -cn ] [ -cdn ] [ -cdb | -ncdb ]
- [ -ce | -nce ] [ -cin ] [ -clin ] [ -dn ] [ -din ]
- [ -fc1 | -nfc1 ] [ -in ] [ -ip | -nip ] [ -ln ]
- [ -lcn ] [ -lp | -nlp ] [ -pcs | -npcs ] [ -npro ]
- [ -psl | -npsl ] [ -sc | -nsc ] [ -sob | -nsob ]
- [ -st ] [ -troff ] [ -v | -nv ]
-
- DESCRIPTION
- Indent is a C program formatter. It reformats the C program
- in the input-file according to the switches. The switches
- which can be specified are described below. They may appear
- before or after the file names.
-
- NOTE: If you only specify an input-file, the formatting is
- done `in-place', that is, the formatted file is written back
- into input-file and a backup copy of input-file is written
- in the current directory. If input-file is named
- `/blah/blah/file', the backup file is named file.BAK.
-
- If output-file is specified, indent checks to make sure it
- is different from input-file.
-
- OPTIONS
- The options listed below control the formatting style
- imposed by indent.
-
- -bap,-nbap If -bap is specified, a blank line is forced
- after every procedure body. Default: -nbap.
-
- -bad,-nbad If -bad is specified, a blank line is forced
- after every block of declarations. Default:
- -nbad.
-
- -bbb,-nbbb If -bbb is specified, a blank line is forced
- before every block comment. Default: -nbbb.
-
- -bc,-nbc If -bc is specified, then a newline is forced
- after each comma in a declaration. -nbc
- turns off this option. The default is -bc.
-
- -br,-bl Specifying -bl lines up compound statements
- like this:
- if (...)
- {
- code
- }
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- Specifying -br (the default) makes them look
- like this:
- if (...) {
- code
- }
-
- -cn The column in which comments on code start.
- The default is 33.
-
- -cdn The column in which comments on declarations
- start. The default is for these comments to
- start in the same column as those on code.
-
- -cdb,-ncdb Enables (disables) the placement of comment
- delimiters on blank lines. With this option
- enabled, comments look like this:
- /*
- * this is a comment
- */
- Rather than like this:
- /* this is a comment */
- This only affects block comments, not com-
- ments to the right of code. The default is
- -cdb .
-
- -ce,-nce Enables (disables) forcing `else's to cuddle
- up to the immediatly preceeding `}'. The
- default is -ce .
-
- -cin Sets the continuation indent to be n. Con-
- tinuation lines will be indented that far
- from the beginning of the first line of the
- statement. Parenthesized expressions have
- extra indentation added to indicate the nest-
- ing, unless -lp is in effect. -ci defaults
- to the same value as -i.
-
- -clin Causes case labels to be indented n tab stops
- to the right of the containing switch state-
- ment. -cli0.5 causes case labels to be
- indented half a tab stop. The default is
- -cli0 .
-
- -dn Controls the placement of comments which are
- not to the right of code. The default -d1
- means that such comments are placed one
- indentation level to the left of code.
- Specifying -d0 lines up these comments with
- the code. See the section on comment inden-
- tation below.
-
- -din Specifies the indentation, in character
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- INDENT(1)
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- positions, from a declaration keyword to the
- following identifier. The default is -di16 .
-
- -fc1,-nfc1 Enables (disables) the formatting of comments
- that start in column 1. Often, comments
- whose leading `/' is in column 1 have been
- carefully hand formatted by the programmer.
- In such cases, -nfc1 should be used. The
- default is -fc1.
-
- -in The number of spaces for one indentation
- level. The default is 4.
-
- -ip,-nip Enables (disables) the indentation of parame-
- ter declarations from the left margin. The
- default is -ip .
-
- -ln Maximum length of an output line. The
- default is 75.
-
- -npro Causes the profile files, `./.indent.pro' and
- `~/.indent.pro', to be ignored.
-
- -lp,-nlp Lines up code surrounded by parenthesis in
- continuation lines. If a line has a left
- paren which is not closed on that line, then
- continuation lines will be lined up to start
- at the character position just after the left
- paren. For example, here is how a piece of
- continued code looks with -nlp in effect:
- p1 = first_procedure(second_procedure(p2, p3),
- third_procedure(p4, p5));
- With -lp in effect (the default) the code
- looks somewhat clearer:
- p1 = first_procedure(second_procedure(p2, p3),
- third_procedure(p4, p5));
- Inserting a couple more newlines we get:
- p1 = first_procedure(second_procedure(p2,
- p3),
- third_procedure(p4,
- p5));
-
- -pcs , -npcs If true (-pcs) all procedure calls will have
- a space inserted between the name and the
- '('. The default is -npcs
-
- -psl , -npsl If true (-psl) the names of procedures being
- defined are placed in column 1 - their types,
- if any, will be left on the previous lines.
- The default is -psl
-
- -sc,-nsc Enables (disables) the placement of asterisks
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- (`*'s) at the left edge of all comments.
-
- -sob,-nsob If -sob is specified, indent will swallow
- optional blank lines. You can use this to
- get rid of blank lines after declarations.
- Default: -nsob
-
- -st Causes indent to take its input from stdin,
- and put its output to stdout.
-
- -Ttypename Adds typename to the list of type keywords.
- Names accumulate: -T can be specified more
- than once. You need to specify all the
- typenames that appear in your program that
- are defined by typedefs - nothing will be
- harmed if you miss a few, but the program
- won't be formatted as nicely as it should.
- This sounds like a painful thing to have to
- do, but it's really a symptom of a problem in
- C: typedef causes a syntactic change in the
- laguage and indent can't find all typedefs.
-
- -troff Causes indent to format the program for pro-
- cessing by troff. It will produce a fancy
- listing in much the same spirit as vgrind.
- If the output file is not specified, the
- default is standard output, rather than for-
- matting in place.
-
- -v,-nv -v turns on `verbose' mode, -nv turns it off.
- When in verbose mode, indent reports when it
- splits one line of input into two or more
- lines of output, and gives some size statis-
- tics at completion. The default is -nv.
-
- FURTHER DESCRIPTION
- You may set up your own `profile' of defaults to indent by
- creating a file called .indent.pro in either your login
- directory or the current directory and including whatever
- switches you like. A `.indent.pro' in the current directory
- takes precedence over the one in your login directory. If
- indent is run and a profile file exists, then it is read to
- set up the program's defaults. Switches on the command
- line, though, always override profile switches. The
- switches should be separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.
-
- Comments
-
- `Box' comments. Indent assumes that any comment with a dash
- or star immediately after the start of comment (that is,
- `/*-' or `/**') is a comment surrounded by a box of stars.
- Each line of such a comment is left unchanged, except that
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- INDENT(1)
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- its indentation may be adjusted to account for the change in
- indentation of the first line of the comment.
-
- Straight text. All other comments are treated as straight
- text. Indent fits as many words (separated by blanks, tabs,
- or newlines) on a line as possible. Blank lines break para-
- graphs.
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- Comment indentation
-
- If a comment is on a line with code it is started in the
- `comment column', which is set by the -cn command line
- parameter. Otherwise, the comment is started at n indenta-
- tion levels less than where code is currently being placed,
- where n is specified by the -dn command line parameter. If
- the code on a line extends past the comment column, the com-
- ment starts further to the right, and the right margin may
- be automatically extended in extreme cases.
-
- Preprocessor lines
-
- In general, indent leaves preprocessor lines alone. The
- only reformmatting that it will do is to straighten up
- trailing comments. It leaves imbedded comments alone. Con-
- ditional compilation (#ifdef...#endif) is recognized and
- indent attempts to correctly compensate for the syntactic
- peculiarites introduced.
-
- C syntax
-
- Indent understands a substantial amount about the syntax of
- C, but it has a `forgiving' parser. It attempts to cope
- with the usual sorts of incomplete and misformed syntax. In
- particular, the use of macros like:
- #define forever for(;;)
- is handled properly.
-
- FILES
- ./.indent.pro profile file on Unix
- indent.pro on DOS and OS/2, searched for via INIT environment variable
-
- BUGS
- Indent has even more switches than ls.
-
- A common mistake that often causes grief is typing:
- indent *.c
- to the shell in an attempt to indent all the C programs in a
- directory. This is probably a bug, not a feature.
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