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- USING THE RAND EDITOR E
-
- Mike O'Carroll
-
- Microsystems Unit
- University of Leeds
-
-
-
- 1. INTRODUCTION
-
- This quick-reference manual assumes that you are familiar with the basic
- operation of ned, an earlier version of e. If not, well, it's not that
- difficult, anyway.
-
- The editor may be used on any Lear Siegler type terminal (adm3a, adm5) or
- equivalent. An IBM PC running uc has its keyboard programmed on start up;
- the equivalent keys are indicated in column 3 below.
-
- 2. NOTATION
-
- The sequence ^X means control-X, <NAME> means the key called NAME and N is
- an integer. (CV), (CH) and (CVH) mean vertical, horizontal and diagonal
- cursor move sequences respectively. <CMD> will normally be the <ESCAPE>
- key.
-
- The term close means that text is deleted and the space is closed up, while
- erase means that the deletion is replaced by white space. References to
- this file or current file mean the file which is in the active window indi-
- cated by solid borders.
-
- 3. CURSOR MOVEMENT
-
- cursor down @south@
- cursor up @north@
- cursor right @east@
- cursor left @west@
- cursor to top LH corner (home) <HOME> <Home>
- cursor to bottom LH corner (end) <CMD><HOME> <End>
- cursor to last line <CMD>@south@
- cursor to first line <CMD>@north@
- cursor to end of line <CMD>@east@
- cursor to beginning of line <CMD>@west@
- tab right <TAB> @east@|
- tab left ^] |@west@
-
-
- 4. ENDING THE EDIT
-
- exit and save all touched files ^Z
- abort but save keystrokes ^E^Z
-
- Other methods of exiting are described under the EXIT heading.
-
-
-
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-
-
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-
-
-
- - 2 -
-
-
- 5. WINDOW MOVEMENT
-
- down one page ^V <PgDn>
- up one page ^G <PgUp>
- down 10 lines ^D
- up 10 lines ^U
- down N pages <CMD>N^V
- up N pages <CMD>N^G
- down N lines <CMD>N^D
- up N lines <CMD>N^U
- down, put current line at top <CMD>^D
- up, put current line at bottom <CMD>^U
- down to end of file <CMD>^V
- up to top of file <CMD>^G
- right 16 columns ^R
- left 16 columns ^X
- right N columns <CMD>N^R
- left N columns <CMD>N^X
- right, put current column at left <CMD>^R
- left, put current column at right <CMD>^X
- mark first cursor position ^B <F3>
- mark second position, goto first ^B
- remove marks <CMD>^B <F6>
-
- Note that any attempt to move the cursor beyond a window edge will cause
- the window to shift in the appropriate direction. WARNING: marks delimit
- the active area for block edit functions (qv).
-
- 6. CHARACTER EDITING
-
- toggle insert/overwrite mode ^O <Ins>
- erase/close character to left <RUB>
- close character to right ^N <Del>
- erase all chars to right <CMD>^N
- erase/close all chars to left <CMD><RUB>
-
- In insert mode, <RUB> closes, otherwise it erases.
-
- 7. LINE EDITING
-
- insert blank line above current ^_ <F1>
- delete current line ^Y <F2>
- erase current line ^E^Y <Ctrl-F2>
- split current line at cursor ^E^ <Alt-F1>
- join next line to current ^E@south@ <Alt-F2>
-
- See also the block editing functions.
-
- 8. STRING SEARCHES
-
- search down for string <CMD>string^F
- search up for string <CMD>string^T
- search down for word at cursor <CMD>^F
- search up for word at cursor <CMD>^T
- repeat search down/up ^F/^T <F9>/<F10>
- do current replacement (qv) ^E^E
- do current, search for next ^E^F <Alt-F9>
- do current, search for previous ^E^T <Alt-F10>
-
-
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-
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-
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- - 3 -
-
-
- 9. BLOCK EDITING
-
- Block moves are achieved using the close, erase and pick buffers; use of
- the last allows copying of text.
-
- insert a blank line ^_ <F1>
- insert N blank lines <CMD>N^_
- insert several blank lines ^B(CV)^_
- insert a blank block ^B(CVH)^_
- pick up current line ^A <F4>
- pick up N lines <CMD>N^A
- pick up several lines ^B(CV)^A
- pick up several columns ^B(CH)^A
- pick up a rectangular block ^B(CVH)^A
- put down last picked block <CMD>^A <F5>
- close current line ^Y <F2>
- close N lines <CMD>N^Y
- close several lines ^B(CV)^Y
- close several columns ^B(CH)^Y
- close a rectangular block ^B(CVH)^Y
- put down last closed block <CMD>^Y <F7>
- erase current line ^E^Y <Ctrl-F2>
- erase N lines <CMD>N^E^Y
- erase several lines ^B(CV)^E^Y
- erase several columns ^B(CH)^E^Y
- erase a rectangular block ^B(CVH)^E^Y
- put down last erased block <CMD>^E^Y <Ctrl-F7>
- close next word ^E^N
- put down last closed word <CMD>^E^N
-
-
- 10. MISCELLANEOUS
-
- set a tab stop at cursor ^@at@ use TAB
- remove the tab stop at cursor <CMD>^@at@ command
- remove all tabs ^E^@at@ below
- redraw a clean screen ^E<HOME> <Ctrl-Home>
- interrupt search or replace (qv) ^C
- switch to next window (qv) ^W <Alt-F8>
- put alternate file (qv) in
- current window ^E^W <F8>
- recall previous command string ^E^A <Alt-F5>
-
-
-
- 11. INTERNAL COMMANDS
-
- These are built-in commands which require a combination of control and
- printing characters; they are always given on the command line. Some of
- them duplicate functions described above.
-
- 11.1. BOX
-
- draw a box ^B(CVH)<CMD>box<CR>
-
- If (CVH) is (CH) only, a horizontal line will be drawn. To draw a vertical
- line, make (CVH) such that (CH) moves one column only.
-
-
-
-
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- - 4 -
-
-
- 11.2. CENTRE
-
- centre current line <CMD>cen<CR>
- centre N lines <CMD>N cen<CR>
- centre several lines ^B(CV)<CMD>cen<CR>
- insert original text <CMD>ins a<CR>
-
- The width (default 74) for centering, filling and justifying may be changed
- using SET.
-
- 11.3. CLOSE
-
- close current line <CMD>clo<CR>
- close N lines <CMD>clo N<CR>
- close a block ^B(CVH)<CMD>clo<CR>
- restore last closure <CMD>-clo<CR>
-
-
- 11.4. COMMAND MODE
-
- enter command mode <CMD>com<CR>
- leave command mode <CMD>-com<CR>
-
-
- 11.5. COVER
-
- Normally, when text blocks are put down, existing material is pushed down
- (for vertical blocks) or sideways (for horizontal or rectangular blocks).
- This command causes the dropped text to overwrite what is there.
-
- cover with pick buffer <CMD>cov p<CR>
- cover with close buffer <CMD>cov c<CR>
- cover with erase buffer <CMD>cov e<CR>
-
-
- 11.6. DELETE
-
- delete current file (permanently) <CMD>del<CR>
-
-
- 11.7. EDIT
-
- edit another file in this window <CMD>e altfile<CR>
- switch to alternate file (if any) <CMD>e<CR>
-
-
- 11.8. ERASE
-
- erase current line <CMD>era<CR>
- erase N lines <CMD>era N<CR>
- erase a block ^B(CVH)<CMD>era<CR>
- put back last erasure <CMD>-era<CR>
-
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- - 5 -
-
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- 11.9. EXIT
-
- exit: save file and state <CMD>ex<CR>
- nosave: save state but not file <CMD>ex n<CR>
- quit: don't save state or file <CMD>ex q<CR>
- abort: save keystrokes for replay <CMD>ex a<CR>
-
- On a normal exit, all files which have been modified during the edit are
- updated; however, it is possible to save files selectively by turning off
- the default setting - see the internal UPDATE command below.
-
- 11.10. FILL
-
- fill text to end of paragraph <CMD>fil<CR>
- fill next N paragraphs <CMD>fil Np<CR>
- fill next N lines <CMD>fil Nl<CR>
- insert original text <CMD>ins a<CR>
-
-
- 11.11. GOTO
-
- goto start of file <CMD>go<CR>
- goto line number N <CMD>go N<CR>
- ditto <CMD>N<CR>
- goto end of file <CMD>go e<CR>
- goto beginning of range (qv) <CMD>go rb<CR>
- goto end of range <CMD>go re<CR>
-
-
- 11.12. JOIN
-
- join next line onto current <CMD>joi<CR>
- split line at cursor <CMD>-joi<CR>
-
-
- 11.13. JUSTIFY
-
- justify rest of current paragraph <CMD>jus<CR>
- justify next N paragraphs <CMD>jus Np<CR>
- justify next N lines <CMD>jus Nl<CR>
- insert original text <CMD>ins a<CR>
-
-
- 11.14. NAME
-
- rename current file <CMD>nam newname<CR>
-
-
- 11.15. OPEN
-
- open one line above current <CMD>ope<CR>
- open N lines <CMD>ope N<CR>
- open several lines ^B(CV)ope<CR>
- open block ^B(CVH)ope<CR>
-
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- - 6 -
-
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- 11.16. PICK
-
- pick up current line <CMD>pic<CR>
- pick up N lines <CMD>pic N<CR>
- pick several lines ^B(CV)<CMD>pic<CR>
- pick rectanglar block ^B(CVH)<CMD>pic<CR>
- insert last picked block <CMD>-pic<CR>
-
-
- 11.17. RANGE
-
- limit search/replace to N lines <CMD>ran N<CR>
- limit search/replace by cursor ^B(CV)ran<CR>
- remove range limiting <CMD>-ran<CR>
- reinstate last range limits <CMD>ran<CR>
- display no. of lines in range <CMD>?ran<CR>
-
-
- 11.18. REDRAW
-
- redraw the screen <CMD>red<CR>
-
-
- 11.19. REPLACE
-
- replace old with new <CMD>rep /old/new/<CR>
- replace, next N lines only <CMD>rep N /old/new/<CR>
- replace, next N paragraphs <CMD>rep Np /old/new/<CR>
- replace over marked area ^B(CV)<CMD>rep /old/new/<CR>
- replace, but search backwards <CMD>-rep /old/new/<CR>
- replace, showing each occurrence <CMD>rep s /old/new/<CR>
- start interactive replacement <CMD>rep i /old/new/<CR>
-
- The methods of limiting the replacement area apply to all forms. The
- string delimiters may also be ", *, $, + or '. See STRING SEARCHES above
- for how to proceed with interactive replacement.
-
-
- 11.20. SAVE
-
- save a copy of the current file <CMD>sav savename<CR>
-
- The name savename must be different to that of the file(s) being edited.
-
- 11.21. SET
-
- lines for vertical moves [10] <CMD>set lin N<CR>
- pages for vertical moves [1] <CMD>set pag N<CR>
- columns for horizontal moves [16] <CMD>set win N<CR>
- page width [74] <CMD>set wid N<CR>
- bell near end of line <CMD>set bel<CR>
- no bell near end of line <CMD>set nobel<CR>
- hyphenation on <CMD>set hy<CR>
- hyphenation off <CMD>set nohy<CR>
- left margin at column N [0] <CMD>set lm N<CR>
- right margin at column N [74] <CMD>set rm N<CR>
- display current settings <CMD>?set<CR>
-
- The figures in [] are the defaults.
-
-
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-
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- - 7 -
-
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- 11.22. SPLIT
-
- split current line at cursor <CMD>spl<CR>
- rejoin split line <CMD>-spl<CR>
-
-
- 11.23. TAB
-
- set extra tab at cursor position <CMD>tab<CR>
- set tabs at columns N, M, ... <CMD>tab N M ...<CR>
- remove tab at cursor position <CMD>-tab<CR>
- remove tabs at columns N, M, ... <CMD>-tab N M ...<CR>
- set extra tabs every N columns <CMD>tabs N<CR>
- remove all tabs <CMD>-tabs<CR>
- set tabs to column nos. in file <CMD>tabfile filename<CR>
-
-
- 11.24. TRACK
-
- move alternate file by same number
- of lines as current one <CMD>tra<CR>
- turn off tracking <CMD>-tra<CR>
-
-
- 11.25. UPDATE
-
- update current file on exit <CMD>upd<CR>
- don't update file on exit <CMD>-upd<CR>
-
- The latter is useful when editing multiple files to prevent accidental
- changes to a file which is just being looked at.
-
- 11.26. WINDOW
-
- create a window into newfile <CMD>w newfile<CR>
- create new window in current file <CMD>w<CR>
- remove last window created <CMD>-w<CR>
-
- To create a horizontal window, place the cursor on the left margin first.
- To create a vertical window, place it on the top margin.
-
- 12. EXTERNAL COMMANDS
-
- Many ordinary system commands may be executed from the editor. The speci-
- fied area of the current file is used as standard input, and is replaced by
- the standard output of the command.
-
- run command using current line <CMD>run cmd<CR>
- run command over N lines <CMD>run N cmd<CR>
- run command over several lines ^B(CV)<CMD>run cmd<CR>
-
- To leave the original lines untouched, use feed instead of run. All com-
- mands may take their usual arguments.
-
- 12.1. TEMPORARY ESCAPES
-
- save files, call up the shell <CMD>sh<CR>
- save files, call a command <CMD>cal cmd<CR>
-
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- - 8 -
-
-
- 12.2. EXAMPLES
-
- sort next N lines <CMD>run N sort<CR>
- insert date at current line <CMD>feed date<CR>
- list directory, return to edit <CMD>cal ls -l<CR>
-
-
- 13. VARIATIONS ON COVER
-
- The following assume that a block of text is already in the pick buffer.
-
- write a space for each printing
- character in the buffer <CMD>blot<CR>
- write a space for each space in
- the buffer <CMD>-blot<CR>
- overlay file with printing
- characters from the buffer <CMD>over<CR>
- underlay: as above but only spaces
- in the file are affected <CMD>under<CR>
-
- All the above work with the close and erase buffers too: the corresponding
- commands are blot c, blot e, etc. Some experimentation is recommended!
-
- 14. MISCELLANEOUS
-
- Unless otherwise stated, turn mode off by preceding with a '-':
-
- enter auto wrap mode <CMD>wp<CR>
- searches use regular expressions <CMD>re<CR>
- don't display CRs; if any exist
- change NL to CR-NL on exit <CMD>cr<CR>
- cursor sticks at side margins <CMD>set sti<CR>
- no stick, window rolls sideways <CMD>set nosti<CR>
- change block to upper case ^B(CVH)<CMD>cap<CR>
- change case in block ^B(CVH)<CMD>cca<CR>
- help <CMD>h<CR>
-
-
- 15. DISASTER RECOVERY
-
- The effect of most functions and commands can be reversed, provided that
- this is done straight away. All deleted and adjusted text blocks are put
- into the temporary file #o which may be brought onto the screen using the
- EDIT command and picked from. All picked text is saved in #p. Both files
- are deleted on exit from the editor.
-
- If an edit is aborted for any reason, it may be replayed and interrupted
- just before the disaster point; this requires a quick trigger finger at
- 9600 baud, however! Replays are tricky; make copies of all affected files
- before trying one.
-
- Each edit session leaves a "comma file", which is a copy of the previous
- version of a file with the name prefixed with a comma. For this reason,
- filenames should be restricted to 13 characters. Remember that restarting
- the editor will destroy the previous comma file; in any case, comma files
- are deleted periodically by the system.
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- - 9 -
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- 16. SEE ALSO
-
- The command line options are described in man 6 e.
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- --
- Mike O'Carroll, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering,
- The University, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- E-mail: @ukc.ac.uk:mike@ee.leeds[.ac.uk]
- uucp: ...!mcsun!ukc!lena!mike OR mike@lena.uucp
-