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- The SAM76 language deals mainly with the manipulation of
- text. The texts, however, contain expressions, scripts and
- procedures written by the user, and as such can contain both
- character strings and program instructions. SAM76 is an
- interactive, surprisingly powerful language, which appears
- to be good for gaming and artificial intelligence
- applications. Powerful, recursive macros or procedures may
- be constructed. It is a language which encourages
- intellectual juggling.
- It is an esoteric language. You will need a good amount
- of intellectual curiosity to go beyond the simple
- experiments you are apt to make as a result of having this
- disk. When SAM76 was in its infancy, Claude Kagan, the
- chief developer, provided source code to people who wanted
- to help in its development. There was a catch, however.
- You had to pass a comprehensive test on the language to
- demonstrate that you really understood it.
- We hope we are not undermining the character of the
- language by helping you see the language work without
- subjecting you to the required amount of effort. However,
- let it be known that there are a good number of
- demonstration routines included on this disk, which have
- been provided deliberately without much documentation. The
- developers purpose is to compell the user to do a lot of
- hard work and thereby learn how to understand the use of the
- language.
- First of all, we must explain, the changes which were
- made to the contents of the disk in order to reduce the
- space requirements, and to provide, thanks to Claude Kagan,
- a more recent version of SAM76 than was originally provided
- some time ago. The information provided in some of the
- other DOC files refers to SAM76.COM as being the only SAM76
- file on the CPM Users Group disk. Actually, this file is
- called S.COM on this disk, so it will conform with other
- documentation. This version, S.COM, will not display the
- restart expression &os,%is//= as explained in the Dr. Dobbs
- article. However, you may create a version to do this by
- keying in the following from CPM:
-
- A>ilraw
-
- A>cpmsetl
-
- &os,%is//= (You are now in SAM76)
-
- Now get the "G" function:
-
- %bf,G/=
-
- and execute it:
-
- %G/=
-
- Then type: save 63 s.com
-
- which will get you a copy of SAM customized for your system.
-
- The article in Dr. Dobbs Journal, Volume 3, Issue 1
- (Number 21), will get you going with the language. Then, if
- you like it and want to learn more, buy or borrow a copy of
- the SAM76 manual. SAM76 is a general purpose language and a
- powerful one, but lets face it, it will not be the language
- of choice for a lot of people. If you like to explore
- computer languages, you will enjoy exploring this one.
- To prove that SAM76 really works, key in the following
- and you will generate 1960's style newspaper headlines,
- randomly, ad infinitum, such as HIPPIES SHOUT "MAKE LOVE NOT
- WAR". I'm a little older, and in my day we made both.
-
- A>s news
-
- ^C or %ex/= will take you back to CPM.
-
- In SAM76 the "=" does the equivalent of "return" in CPM
- or BASIC. It is preferrable to "return" in that you can
- imbed returns in the character strings since "=" must be
- used to terminate the text.
- The SAM file, DEMO.SAM, includes routines for converting
- decimal numbers to Roman Numerals, a routine which develops
- the winning moves for the game HANOI (see the Dr. Dobbs
- article), and a game played in the Dutch language, which not
- even the SAM76 Manual explains. You're supposed to figure it
- out yourself. Try the following after you are in SAM to
- convert from decimal to Roman:
-
- %bf,demo/= (This will bring file called demo.sam)
-
- %lt, * /= (This will list (the names of) texts
- contained in the file(s) you have brought
- into the text area)
-
- %vt,DTR/= (This will allow you to view text called DTR)
-
- %DTR,1980/= (This will give you the Roman numeral for 1980)
-
- The rest of the SAM files are there for you to experiment
- with. You can view the texts and decipher them by using the
- Dr. Dobbs article. Then you may want to write some of your
- own. The FNT files are for the graphics applications, as is
- PLOT.ASM. EXTF.ASM has the purpose of providing the coding
- for a real time clock. The DOC files are for you to type to
- get further documentation.
- The remaining COM files are either explained in other
- documentation on this disk, or are utilities that Claude
- Kagan has fixed up and finds useful for himself and is
- providing here. These are essentially previous CPM user
- group utilities that have been improved and may be useful to
- some members. They are as follows:
-
- COPY.COM - A disk copy program. Only 1K and fast. Specify
- System, Data, or All.
-
- KSAP.COM - Sorts the directory on Drive B.
-
- XD.COM \
- XDIR.COM > Various directory listings. Choose you favorite.
- XM.COM /
-
-
- ----------------reviewed by Stan Ericson, Rockford, Il.
-